TRUCUNG DAI HOC D 6 N G THAP Tap chi Khoa hoc SO 21 (8-2Q16)
TIEU THUYET LICH SU" VIET NAM DU^OfNG DAI - NHIN CHUNG VE THANH TlfV
• Le Thi Thu Trang"
T6m tk
Vdi su thay ddi y thiec Ihdm mi cua ngudi viit, tiiu thuyet lich su Viit Nam duang dgi dd dat nhiing thdnh tuu ddng trdn trgng tren tdt cd cdc phuang diin nghi thudt: su da dgng vi di ldi. chii di; phong phil trong phong cdch cd nhdn; da dgng trong cdm hirng sdng tdc; ddi men phuang thiec lu su (^ dgng hda ngudi ki chuyen, diim nhin trdn thudt, ddi mdi diin ngdn trdn thudt ) . Nhin chung, viit tiiu thuyit heh sie, cdc nhd tiiu thuyit duong dgi dd cd )> thiec quan tdm din nhihig su hen lich su vd khia cgnh vdn hda, md qua do cd thi dua din mgt su nhdn thiec m&i cho ddc gid vi hten tai.
Tie khda: tiiu thuyit lich su, phong cdch sdng tdc, tu su, tieu thuyil Viet Nam duang dgi.
1. D^tvande
Khdc pbyc nhiing ban che mang tinh thdi dai cua cdc tbdi ky trudc, tieu thuyet Ijch su (TILS) sau 1986, dgc biet la thap rtien dau the ki XXI da timg budc each tan, dap ung nhu cau cua ngudi dgc ciing nhu dam bao su song cdn cua the Iogi Cdc tac gid TTLS da cd cdch xu li linh boat mdi quan he giua lich su va bu cau de ddm bao dac tnmg the loai vd chuyin tdi duoc nhilu van de ve cudc song hipn dai Ljeh sti dudi ngdi but cua bp Id ket qua cua su nhan tiitic lai mdt each sdu sdc bdng nhung kien gidi giau tinh thuyet pbyc. Trong thuc tiln sang tac, nhdt la mudi nam d4u the ki XXI, cdc cdy but TTLS da cd y thtic tim toi, doi mdi nghe thuat va ky thudt tilu thuyet tten co sd gdn no vdi ndi dung nhan ban, xa bOi dl tiitic day the loai phdt trien, gop pban cdch tdn va hipn dgi hda van xudi Vipt Nam bien dai. Su ddi mdi ay vua phan dnh sy ddi mdi cbung vua co nhung dong gop rieng vdo nghe thugt ty su ctia van bpc, Tu do, TTLS Viet Nam noi cbung va TTLS ViSt Nam giai doan tiiap nien ddu till ki XXI noi rieng kh6ng cbi dong gdp cbo nin tilu thiflt dan tdc tbem phong phu ma cdn tgo dyng mpt \ j the xung ddng tten van dan va ttong long dpc gid bdng nhiing tac pham ldn d ca phuong dien ngi dung ldn nghe thuat bieu hien
2. N9idung
2.1. Thanh tuu tren phyong di^n n$i dung Su da dgng trong phong cdch cd nhdn, phong phii vi s6 lugng tdc phdm. Mudi nam dau the ki XXI,
TTLS da budc vao c6 may van hanh ttong co che van dOng va doi mdi cua vdn xudi duong dgi. Nhin tu goc dd luc luong sang tdc, d ^ la mdt su tilp noi kh6ng ngimg ctia tbi he cac nhd van tte v l moi ddi lan tuli nghl vdi nhung tac pham it nhilu gay su
•> Trudng Dai hoc D6ng Thap
cbu y bdi tinh chat mdi la, dot pbd ctia nd Su md rgng giao luu van bda da chieu dem tdi nhieu kinh nghiem nghe tiiuat mdi lg vd TTLS cilng co rtiiung chimin dOng ngdy cdng hap dan hon. So lugng nbieu (gan 200 tac pham) va da dang ve phong cdch sang tac, de tai phong phti, TTLS dd ttd thanh tbi logi co sue bap ddn mdnh liet vdi nhieu cdy btit chi^en ldn khdng cbiofdn (gan 60 tac gid). Co the noi, TTLS giai doan nay da va dang tao dung mgt vi till xung dang tten van dan vattong Idng ddc gia bang nhiing tac pham vua sau sdc ve mat ndi dung, vua mdi me vl cdch thi hien: Mudi hai sie qudn, Hdo kiet Lam Son, Bdn rung mdt trdi (2000, Vu Ngoc DTnh), Tdm triiu vua Ly (2010, Hoang Quoc Hai), H6 Quy Ly (2000, Nguyen Xudn Khanh), (neam thdn Van Kiip (Ngo Van Pbu), Khiic khdi hodn dang dd (2002, Hd An), Le Lgi (2002, Han Thi Dung), Ngudi trdm nam cii (2002, Hoang Khdi Phong), Gidn thiiu (2003, Vo Thi Hdo), Bd Tneu, Dinh Bd Linh (2004, Han The Diing), Mdt mdt mgt cdn. Thai vdng son (2004, Ngi^ln Khdc Pbyc), Mat dim (2005, Duong Ngpc Hodn), Trdn Qudc Todn (2005, Luu Minb Son), Mdu Thugng Ngdn (2006, Nguyin Xuan Khanh).
Tdy San hi hiing ti-uyen (2006, Le Dinh Danb), Ddn day (2006, Tran Thu Hdng), Ly Cdng Udn (2006, Ngd Van Phti), Ly Nam Di (2006, Han Thi Diing), Mgc Ddng Dung (2007, Luu Vdn Khue), Ddt Viit trdi Nam (2007, Dan Thanh), Con ngua Mdn Chdu (2000) va Hdl thi (2011, Nguyin Quang Than), Khdngphdi huyin thogi (2010, HChj Mai), Ddi gao lin chua (2011, Nguyin Xudn Khartii), Ddm dgo vi Diiu ngu Gidc Hodng, Bi mdt hdu cung (2012, Bui Anb Tan). Nhilu tdc pham ttong so nhung tdc pham k l fren da bo xa TTLS trudc dd vg so trang va dung lupng' Tdm triiu vua Ly (4 tap) cua Hoang
TRUCflSIG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap Chi Khoa hoc 36 21(8-201^1 €^^' Quoc Hdi, Tdy Son bi hung truyin (2 tgp) cua L8
Dinh Danb, Ddt Viet trdi Nam (3 tgp) cua Dan Thanh, Thdng Long ky (3 tgp) cua Nguyin Khdc Phuc, Anh hung Ddng A (2 tgp), Anh hiing Tieu San (4 tap) cua Tran Dgi Sy, Mudi bai su quan (2 tap), Bdn rung mdt trdi (8 tgp) ctia Vu Ngoc DTnh . Q nhirng tac pham nay, lich su dupc tai hien vdi quy mo be the, rpng ldn, bdt d^u tti viec gay dung mOt trilu dgi cho den khi vuong trilu sup do. TTLS giai doan nay tfiyc sy md ra mOt Id trinh mdi, mpt budng khdm pbd nghp tiiuat d$c ddo vd Iy thu cbo nhiing ai quan tam den ljeh su ddn tOc va nen tieu thuylt nudc nhd.
Diem dang chu y la TTLS thdp nien diiu the ki XXI da vupt qua mo hinb cu va tao ra nhilu budng phat ttien c6 bua bpn vdi nhieu phong cdch sang tac da dgng. Theo nhan xet cua Tran Dinb Su thi TTLS giai doan nay phat tnen tbeo nhilu xu hudng da dang: Co hudng "van chucmg boa lich su" nbu Hoang Quic Hdi vdi bai bp tnrdng thien; Co budng nghieng ve phuong dien van hda, doi thogi vdi vdn boa nhu Nguyin Xuan Khdnh; Co budng diln gidi Ijch su nbu Nguyin Thi Ld cua Hd Vdn Thv^; Co hudng phi tnmg tam boa nhu Sdng Cdn miia la cua Ngi^ln Mpng Giac; Cd hudng phi huyln thoai bda licb su nbu Hgi thi cua Nguyen Quang Than, c6 hudng ddi thogi vdi chinh sti nhu Mac Ddng Dung cua Luu Van Khue; Cd hudng doi mdi each nhin tihuBiit ddu dia nguc thien dudng ctia Nguy en Khdc Phe; Co hudng viet "tilu su gia tpc" bu cau, md thyc ra !d vilt Ijch su tbdi dai vdi con mdt giiu nhai ttong Thdi cita thdnh thdn cua Hoang Minh Tudng, Du&i chin ldng trdi cua Duong Hudng, Cudng phong cua Nguyin Pban Hdch. .
ChU di dugc mdrdng, dadgngphiectgp TTLS tbdi ky ndy co su phii bpp, long ghep cdc cbu de ttong mdt tdc pbam; md r6ng be chti dl vl phia tbi su, ddi tu - hien tgi va de cao ca tinh sang tgo ctia ngudl vilt, nit ngdn khoang cdch su tfii ttong khi tiep can Ijch su. Nhd van khdng pbong thaitii cho cac nhdn v^t Ijch su ma nhin hp nhu nhung con ngudi binh tiiudng trong sy phat triln ty nhien cua tinb each, Hon nua, cac tac gid tiidi ky nay xem ljeh su nbu la phuang tipn de c6ng bo tu tudng cd nhan, tgo ra nbiing gia djnh Ijch su dl kich tiiich doi thogi vdi ngudi dgc H6 Quy Ly cua Nguyin Xuan Khanh da dg cdp den "van dl ctia tdi la giira bdo thu \ a ddi mdi" kbi tdc gia tai hien khd sinb ddng Iich su cuoi ddi nhd Tran, gop them tiing ndi kham pha xa hpi
va con ngudi Ho Qi^ Ly dya tten cdc mdi xung dOt giua hai tuyen nhdn vdt dgt dien cho hai phe bdo thu (dung dau la Tran Khat Cban) va phe ddi mdi (dimg dauldHlQuyLy) Bgn canh do, tac pham cdn dlc^ip din chu dl tinb yeu, khdt vgng doi thay, than ph|n ngudi tri tbuc, sy cbi phdi ctia tbdi dai den thanh bgi cua con ngudi... Tiep noi laMdu Thugng Ngdn va Ddi ggo lin chiia, nhd vdn Nguyen Xuan K h ^ da cho tiiay sue song manh liet cua vdn hoa dan tgc ttong moi tuong quan vdi tin ngudng, tdn gido, the hipn sy trudng tin ctia dan tdc Vipt. Cte&i sdng dgp gid cua Hodng Cdng Khanh cung tao dupc but ph^
mdi me, tdi bipn lgi chan dung Dang H i ^ Tru - mpt con ngudi vdi sy nghipp vdn chuong va tdm long yeu nudc Iu6n sdng to gifia long dan tOc. Li Lgi cua Han The Diing xdy dyng mgt cdch song ddng chan dung ctia nhfing anh hung dan tdc vdi nhfing vinh quang vd bi kich, Gidn thiiu cua Vo Thi Hao loi euln ngudi dgc bdi net dgc dao rieng Dya tten nhiing cdu chuyen da su ve nhan vat, vdi rat nhilu ylu to hu cdu mang tinh chat hoang dudng ky do, nba van da tai hien chan dung nban vat Ly Thdn Tong va btic ttanh xa hdi tneu L>' bdng bac mdu sdc huyln thogi, day sue bap ddn ma vdn khdng ldm mat di npi dung hipn thyc cua tdc p b ^ Hgi thi ctia Nguyen Quang Thdn khac hpa thanh cong hinh dnh ctia bdc thien tai quan su Nguyin Trai ttong viec du hdng tuong giac Vuang Thdng dl kit thuc chiln ttanh ma kh6ng Idm ton thuong xuong mau ctia bai ddn tpc, dong tbdi, tac gid muon tbong qua tinb cdch nong dan v5 biln cua cdc nhdn vdt va mdu thudn sdu sdc giua ho vdi cdc hpc si Thdng Long dl ly giai nhfing biln co lich su se tiep diln khdng lau sau dd. Luu Van Khue ttong Mgc Ddng Dung lai dat ngdi but ttong cam binig phdn dl Ijch su kbi ong ly gidi vipc len ngoi cua Mgc Dang Dung la mdt tat y l u Ha Van Thtiy ttong Nguyin Thi Ld muon chimg minb ngi^gn nhan xay ra tiiam dn L^ Cbi Vien, Thdi Bd Lpi trong Mw^ sif lay cdm bimg tu y cbi bon ngudi cua chtia Ngio'en Hodng vdi nhiing nam thdng day gian trudn md dau trieu Ngi^en. Tdm tniu vua Ly cua Hodng Quic Hai dd bao qudt hau bet cdc sy kien, cac nhdn v|t, cac tinh huong diln hinb va ddc trung nhat ctia hai giai doan lich su theo tinb lya chgn cac net dac tiimg, cac chi tilt nii bdt nhat tiong heh su de ntieu td vd dien gidi. Sy kit bpp hdi hoa giua sy thdt lich sti hu cau nghg tiiugt cua mgt cay btit tai hoa dd lam song day hdo khi qudn dan tbdi Ly, bao kbi Ddng Atiioi
T R U O N G D A I HOC DONG THAP Tgp chi Khoa hoc sd 21 (8-2016) Tr^, bap dan ngudi dgc d cd nbiing trang mieu ta
cac phong tyc tdp quan, cac nghi le cd, loi bdi tri CO... mang dam bon xua cua Tbang Long nghin ndm van hien. Tdy Son bi hiing ti-uyen cua Le Dirtii Danh tai hien mgt giai doan Ijch su diy bien dpng tti nhiing cugc tranb gidnh quyln lyc thdi vua Lg - chua Trinh, nhfing cugc ttanh chdp Trjnh - Nguygn, sy ldn mgnh ctia phong ttao Tay Son din iuc Gia Long len ng6i hodng dl ndm 1802. Tdc phlm tbu hut ngudi dgc kh6ng chi d tu li^u Ijch su phong phti, kiln vdn dli dao, md c6n d but phdp dung tn^en, xay dyng nban v§t khd hap dan. Guom thdn Vgn Kiip cua Ngd Van Phu gpi lai bao khi Ddng A. Ong khong vilt tac phdm theo timg hoi ma chia thanh timg chuang, ddn ddt cau cbuyen d ngoi thu ba theo kilu tilu thuyet chuong hdi. Ddn ddy cua Tran Tbu Hdng vilt ve thdi ki Le - Trinh, dung Igi chan dung nhinig nbdn vgt da di vao su sdcb, Le Chieu Thing, Ngi^en Hfiu Chinb, Trinh Sdm.., vdi nhirng khdm phd bdt ngd, thti vj. Ddng thdi, nhd vdn dua ngudi dgc vao cudc tinh day song gid gifia hai nghg Sl Bach VT - Bach Dung vdi nhiing tiing hat, tiing dan me hoac cung nhu su da doan cua kiep cdm ca ttong giai doan Ijch su day bdo tdp, Ddm dgo vi Diiu ngu Gidc Hodng ctia Bid Anh Tdn tai hien toan bd Ijch su nbd Trdn ttong giai doan dau dung nudc vd giu nudc. Nhd van da dting lot viet ddm thogi dl ldm noi bat Tran Nhan Tong, vua sinh d^ng d con ngudi Ijch su, vua sau sdc d con ngudi t6n gido .. Ddc biet, vdi Bi mat hdu cung, Biii Anb Tan da kheo leo thu nghipm ttong viec kit hpp bai dl tai Ijch su va dong tinh, tgo nen hieu ting tbam mi dgc biet. Tac pham khdng chi thi bi^n sinb dpng vd sau sdc moi tinb ttd treu giua bai con ngudi tdi hoa loi lgc vdo b ^ nhdt nhd Ly, Ly Thudng Kigt vd Ly Thdrtii T6ng ma cdn gdn kit vdi nhiing biln dpng ldn lao ctia cd mpt trilu dgi. Tac gid dd kheo I6o xdu chuoi chiing qua nhfing cu lipu Ijch sti va nhiing nghien cuu day cdng v l vd thudt cimg tam ly vl cam thuc gidi tirtii l§ch hudng. Trong do, Ly Thudng Kiet la danb tudng kiet xudt cua dan tdc nhung ludn song vdi nbiing ddn vgt v l gidi tinb cimg nhung bi mat tbdm kin can Idm nhiing sg cbia vd ding cam,.. Trong cac tac phdm ndy, hung tbti cua cdc nha vdn khdng phdi Id tai hien cac su kien Ijch su ma Id ntieu ta cudc sdng, nbiing suy tu, ttan ttd, khdt vpng tran tuc v l tinh yeu, hgrtii phtic lua d6i, ty do, nSi trdn trd v l djnb menh con ngudi.
noi dau nhdn tinh the thai, van dl dau tranh giua bdo thti va doi mdi. Nhilu chu dl dan xen khiln cdc tac phdm nay tfiyc sy Id nhthig khdm phd, kiln giai mdi v l Ijch su, tgo dupc dn tupng du ba trong long ngudi dpc,
Su da dgng vi cdm himg sdng tdc. Ben canh sy md rdng chu dl, cam hung trong sang tdc cua TTLS tbdi ky ndy ciing cd nhilu biln chimin, Hien thyc dupc phdn dnh khdng chi bdng thai dp ngpi ca mgt chieu ma mang tinh chdt phe phan, xet lgi, dac bipt vdi nhiing mdt ttai, nhiing ung nhgt cua xd hgi, Nha van kham pha nhiing su that Ijch su, khoi md nhfing bi an, xung dot Ijch su, phan ticb, ly gidi ljeh su ttong moi quan he vdi so phan con ngudi vd chiing trd thdnh cam hting chu dao ttong tdc pbam cua bp.
Tinh than dan chu mang den cbo nbd vdn tdm thi tu tin ttong nhdn tbuc vd trinb bay Ijch su vdi nhung goc nhin neng, dilm nhin mdi v l mpt su ki§n lich sti, nhdn vdt Ijch su quen thuoc, dong thdi gpi md nhiing gdc nhin khdc dl ban doc suy ngam, Dong thdi, nha vdn di sau tim hilu nhung xung ddt lich su dl tilp tyc nhgn thuc v l nd va nit ra bdi hpc cho bipn tgi va tuong lai. Trong Gidn thieu, Vo Tbj Hdo hg Id nhfing bi mat ben trong con ngudi V Lan - nhan vat bdy ldu nay dupc sti sach phong thanh.
Ngodi sy cao quy nhan tu d mpt bac ngi^en phi, Y Lan ciing cd nhung goc toi ctia tdm bon, ciing ghg gdm dpc dc ttong bdnh ddng nhu buc hai cac cung nu:, gop pbdn thtic ddy cai chet eua Duong tbdi bgu, Xdy dyng nhan vat Tu Lg qua hai kiep, V6 Thj Hdo muon thi bipn khdt vpng mudn ddi cua con ngudi - khdt vpng dupc la minh vdi nhung banb pbuc rat ddi ttdn tbi sau nhung odn tiiu vdhu vinh ImngHdQup Ly, Ngi^en Xudn Khdnh da di sau phan tich nhiing xung dot Ijch su, khoi md nbiing bi an bgn ttong sy kipn, con ngudi cua qud khu de tilp tyc doi thogi vdi dgc gia \ e nhung thanh - bgi, dupc - mdt, cdng - tdi ttong cong cupc cai cdch ddt nudc cua m$t con ngudi, mgt giai doan Ijch sti quan ttpng. Ljeh su la cai da qua, thdnh qua khu, khdng the thay dli dupc, vipc Y Lan, Tu Dao Hgrtii, Ho Quy Ly, Nguyin Trai, Nguyin Hue, Ly Thdrtii Tong la nhung vi tiiartii hay nhung nhan each chua hoan hdo thi Ijch su ciing da an bdi, Chting ta khdng the thay doi licb su nhung cd thi dgt ra nhung gia djnh dl tilp tyc nhan tfiuc v l no theo cdi nhin hipn dai day tirtii nhan van.
TTLS giai doan mudi ndm dau the ki XXI mang tinb chdt ddi tiiudng nhung sau sdc vd tham
TRUdNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chl Khoa hoc sd 21 (8-2016) thia bon khi nhd van di vdo phan tich so phan con
ngudi, mang lgi cbo van chuang chdt nhan van mdi, Dac bigt, nha van hudng v l nhfing than phan be mon, nhfing nan nhan cua bao tap lich su nhu tiian pban ngudi ndng dan, tri thuc, ngudi phu nfi... vdi tdm long cam tbdng sau sdc. Ddn day ctia Tran Thu Hdng quan tdm din so phgn cua ngudi nghe sT (Baeh Vl - Bach Dung); Mdu Thuong Ngdn ctia Nguyen Xuan Khdnh quan tam din than phdn cua ngudi phy nu ttong ddng chdy ctia heh su (Miii, Ba Vay, Nu);
Gidn Thiiu ciia Vd Thj Hdo vdi hirtii dnb dep thanh thien cua cung nfi Ngan La, cupc ddi ddy nudc mdt eua Nhue Anh; Hoi thi ctia Nguyin Quang Than kbac hga than phan cua nhung con ngudi Id van bai ctia Iich sti (hoang bgu Nggc Trdn), thdn phan cua nhfing ngudi tri tbuc (Nguygn Trdi).
2.2. Thanh tmi tr@n phuong dipn hinh thirc the hifn
Sy thdnh cong cua TTLS giai dogn ndy kbdng chi d each nhin mdi doi vdi Ijch su, cdch nhin ca nhan boa lieh su vd nbdn quan bign thyc ma con kbdng ngimg doi mdi vd cdch tdn tren phuang dien phuang thuc tu su nhu da dang hda ngudi k l chuyen, diem nhin ttan thuat. Cdc tieu thuylt Hd Quy Ly, Mdu Thugng Ngdn, Dgi ggo lin chiia ctia Ngi^ln Xuan Khdnh su dyng ding thdi bai ngudi kl chuyen vdi su phoi kit dilm nhin: dilm nhin cua ngudi kl chuyen ngoi thu ba vd dilm nhin ctia ngudi k l chuygn nggi thti nhdt (Hi Nguyen Trimg XTongHd QuyLy, Ba Vay ixongMdu Thugng Ngdn, An ttong Ddi ggo lin chiia). Dgc biet, TTLS giai doan nay xuat hign nhilu loi ket cau: kit cdu theo trdt ty tbdi gian (Tdm tneu vua Ly ctia Hoang Quoc Hdi, Ddt trdi ctia Nam Dao, Hdi thi eua Nguyin Quang Thdn.,.), kit edu theo tdm ly nhan vgt (Ddm dgo vi Diiu Ngu Gidc Hodng, Oan khudt cua Biu Anh Tan.,.), kit cau theo kilu ldp ghep, ddng bipn (Gidn thiiu cua Vo Thi Hao, Mdu Thuong Ngdn ctia Nguyin Xuan Khdnh, Minh su cua Tbdi Ba Lgi.,.) Id ba md hinh chti y l u cua TTLS duong dgi. Ngoai ra, cae nha tilu thuylt con su dung kieu ket cdu vong tron, ket cdu lien vdn ban, ket cdu de ngd, kit cdu pbdn manh, kit cdu ddng y thuc, kit cau doi lap, kit cdu da tuyin. Ben eanh dd, TTLS duong dai dd tiioat kh6i ldp vo ngon ngfi eu ky, khuon sao nbu tirrdc md chti y din vipc xu ly ngdn ngu, do do cd su dan cai va tuong tac linb boat giua cac Idp ngdn ngu; ldp ngdn ngfi quan pbuang, co
kinh, ldp ngon ngfi ddi song gidn dj, nhieu mau sic, ldp ngdn ngfi mang mau sdc triet ludn dd tao nen sy da dang boa trong diln ngdn lich su ciia tac pbam Chdng ban, ngdn ngfi dli thogi cua nhan vfit trong Hdl thi, la thu ngon ngfi giao ti^p mang tinh quy phgm cua tbdi dai; chtia cdng, khanh, la. tieu nban, dai huynh, chdng, thilp, quan ngai, ke hpc tro ndy... Logi ngdn ngfi nay pbu len mau sac lich su, ddm bdo tinh chdn thyc cbo tac pham Thong qua hinb tbuc doi thoai, ngudi dgc nhan ra dia vi xa bpi, chuc tudc, mii quan he than sd gtCra cac nhan vgt, Vj thi cua Lg Lpi chdc chdn phai khac Pham vdn vd mdi quan bg gifia Lg Lgi \6i Phara Van ciing khdng gilng vdi moi quan he giua Le Lpi va Nguyen Trdi, Ben cgnh do, diln ngon doi thogi cdn mang tinb chdt quan phuang co kinh dupc the bipn qua moi Idi nbdn vdt doi thogi, cho ta tha\
dupc ddi song ctia mdi trilu, mdi nep sing trong xa bgi, cdng ddng. Vi dy, trong Gidn ihieu. Tam tniu vua Ly bay Ly Cdng Udn, Ddm dao ve Dieu Ngu Gidc Hodng. Vd Tbj Hao, Hoang Quoc Hai Ngo Van Phti, Biii Anh Tan deu xay dung boi canh lich su thdi Ly, Tran ghi nbdn su phat tnen thinh tri cua dgo Pbat. Ngudi dgc de ddng tiep can mot logt nbihig ngon tu Phdt gido qua ldi doi thoai cua nban vdt Tmng HdQuj>Ly, Bdo tdp tniu Trdn.\ui\
hien rat nhilu ldi thoai cua nhan vat vg ngon ngu Nho giao; "Lam tdi phai hit ldng trung, lam quan phai giu thanh bach, Iam con phdi gifi tton dao hieu Neu Id con ma bdt hieu, ldm tdi ma bdt trung thi than mmh ttu dipt" [tt, 19]. BeaMdu Thuang Ngan Thign chua ldn dt vdn bda bdn dja, con ngudi qua\
v l vdi dgo Mdu Do dd, ngdn ngfi theo ngu\ en h tinh Mdu dupc phat ngdn tu nhiing cdu chu\ gn \^
"Thanh Mdu, gia Mdu, co hau cho din co Chin co Be, bd Chua Thac bd, ba Da.. Ddn d^y cua Tran Tbu Hdng mang ngon ngfi nho nha eua manh dai Thang Long van vat: thanb bien, khuyen binh toi khigm dai, giao pbudng, coi tich diet, phong liru qudn tu, duyen tinh mc lyy, bdn phdn buon huong,,
Thgm vdo do, chdt lieu lich su ma tigu thuyet vay mugn thugc v l qud khu ngn lap suong khoi tiioi gian bao pbu tao dilu kign thuan loi cho cdc nha ^ an su dyng cac ylu to tuong tnmg, buyen tiioai hoa..
Dllu nay tao ngn su da dang ve but phdp nghe thuat.
giup cbo tilu tiii^et vuot qua loi phdn dnh hi en Ihuc tfldng tbudng dl tdi bipn cupc sing ttong tinh chan tbuc, sinh dOng vd todn ven ban.
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[1], Tbu An (2012), "Tieu thuyet Ijch sti thdnb tyu va trien vgng", http://phebinhvanhoc.com.vn/tieu- thuyet-lich-su-thanh-tuu-va-tiien-vong/
[2], Phan Tuan Anh (2012), "Licb su nbu la hu cdu - quan diem mdi ve de tai Iich sti", Tgp chi Hgi NhdvSn. bttp://vannghequandoi,com.vn/Phe-binh-van-nghe/Lich-su-nhu-la-hu-cau-quan-diem-moi-ve-de- tai-hch-su-1217.httnl.
[3]. Tbdi Phan Vdng Anb (2013), "Cac khuynh hudng tieu tiiuylt Viet Nam dau tfie k! XXI", lap chi Vdn nghe Qudn ddi, http;//varmgbeqiiandoi.com.vn/Phe-binb-van-nghe/Cac-khuynh-buong-tieu-thuyet-Viet- Nam-dau-tfie-ky-XXI-433.btinl.
[4]. Nguyen Thj Binh {2QQ%),Mgt s6 khuynh hudng tieu thuyit d nudc ta tie thdi diim ddi mdi din nay, De tai nghien cuu kboa hpc cq) Bg, Tmdng Dai hpc Su pham Ha Npi,
[5] Nguyen Viet Cudng (2003), "Tilu thuylt lich su - nhfing quan niem va sy thach thuc vdi cac nha vdn ttg", Tgp chl Vdn hda vdn nghi Cong an thdnh phd Hd Chi Mmh, (9),tt, 83-85
[6]. Nguyen Vdn Dan (2012), 'Tilu thuyet Ijch su Viet Nam duang dai - phdc hpa mgt so xu budng chti yeu", Tgp chiNhd van, (1), tr. 56-67.
[7]. Nguyen Ddng Diep (chu bien), Dodn Anh Duong, Do Hai Ninh (2012), Lich su vd van hda, cdi nhin nghi thugt Nguyen Xudn Khdnh,'W^ Phunu, HaNoi.
[8] Nguyen Van Long, Lg Tbi Thu Hdng (2012), "Nhfing each tan nghe thugt cua tilu thuyet Viet Nam dau the kl XXI", Tgp chi Vdn nghe Qudn ddi, http://vaimghequandoi.com vn/Phe-binh-van-nghe/Nhung- cach-tan-ngbe-thuat-cua-tieu-thuyet-Viet-Nam-dau-the-ki-XXI-1641 .html.
[9]. Nguyen Thi Tuyet Mutii (2009), "Khuynh hudng tteu thuyet hoa lich su trong tieu thuyet Ijch sti Viet Nam sau 1975", Tgp chi Nghien cieu Vdn hgc, (4), tt 56-64,
[10], Ngd Tbi Quynh Nga (2010), "Su dan cai cdc ldp ngon ngir trong tieu thuyet Ijch su sau 1975", Tgp chi Sdng Huong, http://tapchisongbuong.com.vn/ttn-tuc/p0/c7/n4903/Su-dan-cai-cae-lop-ngon-ngu- ttong-tieu-thuyet-lich-su-sau-1975.htmI,
HISTORICAL NOVELS OF CURRENT VIETNAM - GENERALLY ABOUT ACHIEVEMENTS
Summary
With the novelists' aesthetic conception, current Vietnam's historic novels have earned decent achievements in all artistic aspects' various in topics; rich in personal style; diversified in inspiration; renovated in the self-mode (narrator multiple modes, nanative point of view, nanative discourse innovation, etc). In general, for historical novels, current writers have been consciously concerned with historical events and cultural aspects, thus shaping readers' new viewpoints of the present.
Keywords: Historical novel, wnting style, narrative, Vietnam's current fiction Ngdy nhdn bdi: 01/4/2016; Ngdy nhgn Igr 04/5/2016; Ngdy duyet dang: 27,6/2016.
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