JHONGJIN-Tmngdn..
TINH HINH CHAN NUOI TRANG TRAI
Do Kim Tuyen Tinh hinh phdt trien chdn nuoi trang trai
Theo Tdng Cue thdng kd, nam 2006 nganh ndng nghiep ed tdng sd 113.730 trang trai.
trong dd 16.708 trang trai chan nudi; 55.529 trang trai cay trdng; 2.661 trang trai cay lam nghidp; 34.202 trang trai nudi trdng thuy san va 4.630 trang trai san xudt kinh doanh tdng hcJp.
Chan nu6i trang trai phat trien nhanh trong 5 nam qua, nam 2001 loan qudc cd 1.761 trang trai, theo so lieu ciia 64 tinh thanh nam 2006 sd lupng la 17.721, trong dd d mien Bde la 6.313 (ehid'm 35,6%), d mien Nam la 11.408 (ehid'm 64,4%). Sau 5 nam sd lupng trang trai chan nudi tang them 15.960, binh quan mdi nam tang 3.192 trang trai dat tdc dp tang 58,7%/nam.
Trong tdng so 17.721 trang trai ehan nudi thi phan bd ldn nhdt la d Ddng Nam Bd vdi 6.366 trai (chie'm 35,9%); tie'p theo la Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng 3.157 trai (17,8%); Ddng Bdng Sdng Cim Long 2.171 trai (2,3%); Bdc Trung Bd 1.758 trai (9,9%); t a y Nguydn 1.480 trai (8,4%); Duydn Hai Nam Trung Bd 1.391 trai (7,9%). Cac viing Ddng Bde, Tay Bde cd dat dai rdng ldn, nhung sd lupng trang trai ehi chidm 4,8% va 3,1%, trong dd ehii yd'u Id trang trai ehan nu6i gia sue an cd.
Nhting dia phucmg cd sd trang trai ehan nu6i nhieu la TP. Hd Chi Minhcd 2.631: Ddng Nai 1.264; Binh Dinh 834; TTianh Hda 815; Tra Vinh 789; Gia Lai 787; Ninh Thuan 690; Binh Tliuan 676; Ha Tay 641; Binh Duong 553; Thai Binh 507; Hung Yen 460; Lam Ddng 353; Hai Phdng 342; Ba Ria-Vung Tau 332; Ha Nam 327; Bde Giang 320 va Ddk Ldk 300. Trang trai ehan nudi lpn, gia edm tap trung chu yd'u d Ddng Nam Bd va Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng, trong khi dd trang trai ehan nudi bd thit phan bd phdn ldn d Tay Nguydn, Ddng Nam Bd va trang trai bd sua phdn Idn d Dong Nam Bd.
Sd lugng vd phdn bd trang trai chdn nudi Trang trgi chdn nuoi lgn
Thit lpn ehid'm75-76% tdng san lupng thit, sd lupng trang trai ehan nudi lpn eung ehid'm ty Id Idn trong tdng sd ede loai trang trai ehan nu6i. Trang trai ehan nu6i lpn cd sd lupng ldn nhat (tdng sd 7.475 trai) ehid'm 42,2%/tdng sd trai chan nu6i, trong dd cd 2.990 trai lpn nai va 4.485 trai lpn thit; Mi^n Bde ed 3.069 trai (41,1%), mien Nam 4.406 trai (58,9%). Hai viing ed trang trai Idn nlidt la Ddng Nam Bd 2.604 trai (34,8%) va Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng 1.927 trai (25,8%). Cdc viing khac Ddng Bdng Sdng Cim Long 1.029 trai (13,8%); Ddng Bdc 534 trai (7,1%); Bde Trung Bd 495 trai (6,6%); Tdy Nguydn 422 trai (5,7%). Cac tinh ed nhieu trai chan nu6i lon la TP.Hd Chi Minh (1.053); Ddng Nai (967); Thai Binh (419); Hung Ydn (372);
Tra Vinh (348); Bdc Giang (284); Hai Phdng (248); Binh Dinh (234); Binh Duong (217);
Thanh Hod (204) va Lam Ddng (200).
Trang trgi chdn nuoi gia cdm
Cd tat ca 2.837 trai gia cam (ehid'm 16,0% tdng sd trang trai ca nude). Trong dd, 1.950 trai ga, 668 trai vit. Cac trai gia cdm phat trid'n chi'nh tai Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng 900 trai (31,7%);
Ddng Nam Bd 522 trai (18,4%); Ddng Bdng Song Ciru Long 499 trai (17,6%); Duyen Hai Nam Trung Bd 414 trai (14,6%); Bdc Trung Bd 255 trai (9,0%). Cac tinh ed sd trai gia edm nhieu: Ha Tay (392); Binh Dinh (315) va Binh Duong (235). Trai thuy edm tap trung ehinh d Ddng Bdng Song Cim Long 238 trai ehid'm 35,6%; Duyen Hai Nam Trung Bd 141 trai chidm 21,1%; va Dong Bang Song Hdng 141 trai ehid'm 21,1% tdng trang trai thuy cdm ea nude.
Trang trgi chdn nudi bd
Trang trai chan nudi bd dimg vi tri thiir 2 ve sd lupng vdi tdng sd 6.405 trai, ehid'm 36.1%
so vdi tdng so trang trai chan nudi ca nude. Sd trai bd sinh san la 2.774 chiem 43,37P; trai nudi bd thil la 1.620 ehiein 25,3%; irai ehan nudi bd su:a 2.011 chiem 31,47o trong tdng sd trai nudi 73
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghe Chdn nudi - Sd 7 - Thang 8-2007
bd. Do lpi the ve dat dai va ddng cd tu nhidn, Ddng Nam Bd ed 2.683 trai bd (41,9%); Tay Nguyen 919 trai (14,4%); Bde Trung Bd 812 trai (12,7%); Ddng Bdng Sdng Cim Long 636 trai (9,9%); Nam Trung Bd 620 trai (9,7%). Nhiing tinh cd nhieu trai bd la Gia Lat 674; Binh Thudn 528; Thanh Hda 455; Binh Dinh 219; Quang Nam 129 va Thira Thidn-Hue 128.
Trai nudi bd thit tap trung chu ye'u d Ddng Nam Bd cd 811 trai ehid'm 50,1%; Tdy Nguyen 351 trai chie'm 21,7%; Tdy Bde 153 trai chie'm 9,4%, Duyen Hai Nam Trung Bd 108 trai ehid'm 6,7%, Bde Trung Bd 105 trai ehid'm 6,5%. Nhiing tinh ed nhieu trai nudi bd thit la Binh Thuan 528 trai; Gia Lai 155 trai va Dak Ldk 134 trai.
Trai nudi bd sinh san phan bd khd deu d cac vimg, Bde Trung Bd 684 trai ehid'm 24,7%;
Ddng Bang Sdng Cim Long 591 trai ehid'm 21,7%; Tay Nguyen 557 trai chie'm 20,1%; Duydn Hai Nam Trung Bd 446 trai ehid'm 16,1%; Ddng Bdng S6ng Hdng 214 trai ehid'm 7,7%; Ddng Nam Bd 174 trai ehid'm 6,3% va Ddng Bde 108 trai chie'm 3,97o.
Trai nudi bd siia tap trung chii yd'u tai Ddng Nam Bd ed 1.698/2.011 trang trai ca nude chie'm 84,4%; tid'p theo la Tay Bac 142 trai chie'm 7,1%; Duydn Hai Nam Trung Bd 66 trai chie'm 3,3%; Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng 44 trai ehid'm 2,2%. Cac tinh cd nhidu trai nudi bd siia a TP. Hd Chi Minh 1.561 trai chie'm 77,6% tdng sd trai bd sira toan qud'c. Son La 142 trai; Binh Duong 83 trai; Binh Dinh 66 trai, Ddng Nai 47 trai; Ha Tay 27 trai; Nghd An 23 trai va Lam Ddng 11 trai.
Trang trgi chdn nuoi trdu ' i • ^ Sd lucmg trang trai ehan nudi trau la 247 chie'm 1,4% tdng sd trang trai ehan nudi, ehii yd'u phan bd d eae tinh Bdc Trung Bd 104 trai ehid'm 42,1%; sau dd la Tay Bde 79 trai ehid'm 32,0%; Ddng Bdc 38 trai ehid'm 15,4%; Ddng Nam Bd 20 trang trai ehid'm 8,1%. Cac tinh ed nhieu trai nudi trdu la Thira Thidh-Hud' 51 trai; Hoa Binh 47 trai; Nghd An 40 trai; Dien Bien 32 trai va Thai Nguyen 25 trai. Tdng dan trdu 2,9 trieu eon, trong giai doan 2001-2005 tang binh qudn 1%/nam.
Trang trgi chdn nuoi de, cicu
Cd tdng so 757 trai nudi dd, cim chidm 4,3% tdng sd trang trai ehan nudi, trong dd tap trung ehii yd'u d Ddng Nam Bd 537 trai ehid'm 70,9%; Bde Trung Bd 92 trai ehid'm 12,2%;
Ddng Bdc 46 trai chie'm 6,1%; Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng 39 trai chie'm 5,2%; Tay Bde 24 trai ehid'm 3,2%, edn lai la cac viing khac. Cac tinh cd nhieu trai de, cim la: Ninh Thuan 470;
Thanh Hda 48; Binh Thudn 43; Quang Tri 35; Thai Nguyen 29 va Ha Nam 27 trai.
Quy mo chdn nuoi trang trgi ' ' Quy mo trgi Icni ndi: phd bid'n la 20-50 con, sd lupng la 2.131 trai ehid'm 71,3%; tir 50-100
eon la 508 ehid'm' 17,0%; tir 100-150 con la 181 chie'm 6,1%, tir 150-250 con la 85 chidm 2,8%; tir 250-500 con la 54 ehid'm 1,8%; trdn 500 eon la 31 ehid'm 1,0%. Viing ed quy md chan nudi lpn ndi ldn nhat la Ddng Nam Bd ed 20 trai quy md 250-500 con va 16 trai quy m6 tren 500 eon; tid'p dd'n la Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng ed 10 trai quy md 250-500 con vd 11 trai quy md trdn 500 eon. Ddng Bdng Sdng Cim Ldng ed 5 trai vdi quy md 250-500 eon.
Quy mo trai lan thit: phd bid'n la 100-200 eon/ trai vdi sd lupng la 3.388 ehid'm 75,5%; tir 200-300 eon la 606 chie'm 13,5%; tir 300-500 con la 241 chie'm 5,4%; tir 500-1.000 con la 149 chie'm 3,3%; tir 1.000-1.500 eon la 63 ehid'm 1,4%; tir 1.500-2.500 eon la 24 chiem 0,5% va trdn 2.500 con la 14 chie'm 0,3%. Viing ed quy md nudi lpn thit ldn nhat la Ddng Nam Bd cd 14 CO sd vdi sd ddu eon 1.500-2.500 con va 8 eo sd tren 2.500 con; tie'p dd la Ddng Bdng Sdng Hdng cd 3 trai quy md 1.500-2.500 con va 6 trai ed quy md trdn 2.500 eon.
Quy mo trai gd thit: phd bid'n la 2.000-5.000 eon/ trang trai vdi sd lupng la 1.342 ehid'm 68,8%; tir 5.000-8.000 eon la 401 trai chie'm 20,6%, tir 8.000-11.000 eon la 82 trai chidm 4.2%. tir 11.000-15.000 con la 67 trai ehid'm 3,4% va trdn 15.000 eon la 61 trai ehid'm 3.4%.
Viing ed quy md chan nudi ga thit Idn nhdt la Ddng Nam Bd ed 33 trai quy md 11.000-15.000 74
- D TH(!)NGTIN-r;;i7i^d/i.
eon va 47 trai quy md trdn 15.000 eon; tiep dd'n la Ddng Bdng Song Hdng ed 9 trai quy m6 11.000-15.000 eon va 7 trang trai ed quy md trdn 15.000 eon.
Quy mo trgi vit, ngan: tir 2.000-5.000 con/ trai cd sd luong 654 trai ehid'm 97.9%; tir 5.000-8.000 eon cd 11 trai ehid'm 1,7%; tir 8.000-11.000 cd 2 trai ehid'm 0,3%; trdn 15.000 con ehid'm 0,2%.
Quy mo trgi gia cdm sinh sdn Id: tir 2.000-5.000 con/ trai sd lucmg la 160 trai chiem 73,1%; tir 5.000-8.000 eon la 37 trai ehid'm 16,97o; tir 8.000-11.000 con la 10 trai chidin 4.6%:
tir 11.000-15.000 eon la 3 trai, ehid'm 1,4% va tren 15.000 con la 9 trai ehid'm 4.1%. Viing ed quy md chan nu6i ga sinh san Idn nhat la Ddng Bdng S6ng Hdng cd 3 trai quy m6 11.000-
15.000 eon va 2 trai quy m6 trdn 15.000 eon; D6ng Nam Bp cd 6 trai quy md trdn 15.000 con.
Quy mo trai bo thit: phd bid'n mdi trai la 50-100 con vdi sd luong la 1.269 trai ehiem 78,3%; tir 100-150 eon la 230 trai ehid'm 14,2%, tir 150-200 con la 93 trai ehid'm 5,7%'; tir 200- 500 eon la 23 trai chie'm 1,4% va trdn 500 con la 5 trai chiem 0,3%i. Quy md ehan nudi bd thit ldn nhat la Tay Nguydn ed 11 trai nudi 200-500 con va 1 trai undi tren 500 eon; Ddng Nam Bd cd 5 trai quy md 200-500 eon va 3 trai quy md trdn 500 eon.
Quy mo trai bo sinh sdn: phd bid'n tir 10-20 con/trai la 2.459 trai ehid'm 88,6%; 20-50 eon/trai la 283 trai ehid'm 10,2%; 50-100 con/ trai la 28 chidm L0%; tren 100 eon/trai ed 4 chiem 0,2%.
Quy mo trai bo sila: Quy md 10-20 con/trai la 313 chie'm 16,8%; 20-50 eon la 1.624 ehid'm 86,9%; 50-100 eon la 52 ehid'm 2,8%; 100-150 con la 10 chiem 0.5%; 200-500 eon la
11 ehid'm 0,6% va trdn 500 con cd 1 chidm 0,1%. Viing cd quy mo chan nuoi bd sira tir 200 eon trd ldn tap trung ehii yd'u d D6ng Nam Bp.
Quy mo trgi trdu: phd bid'n la 20-50 eon/ trai cd 232 trai ehid'm 93,9%; 50-100 eon ed 15 ehid'm 6,1%. Cdc viing ed quy md ehan nudi ldn ehii ye'u d Bdc Trung Bp hidn cd 10 trai vdi sd lupng 50-100 eon.
Quy mo chdn nuoi de, ciCu: phd bid'n Id 100-150 eon/trai vdi sd luong la 668 trai ehid'm 88,6%; 150-200 eon la 44 trai ehid'm 5,8%, tir 200-300 con cd 28 trai chie'm 3,7% va trdn 300 eon ed 17 trai ehid'm 2,3%. Ddng Nam Bp la viing cd quy m6 chan nuoi dd, cim ldn nhdt 200- 300 eon/trai cd 26, trdn 300 eon/trai eung ed; tid'p de'n la Dong Bdc.
Mpt sd ddnh gid vi chdn nudi trang trgi Uu the
- Trang trai da dp dung rpng rai eae lien bp ve gidng vat nuoi, thii:e an, chudng trai, quy trinh ky thuat cham sdc nuoi dudng trong ehan nudi, dac biet la trang trai ehan nudi lpn, gia cdm, vi vay nang sudt, chat lupng va hidu qua chan nudi dupc cai thien.
- Da ddu tu edng nghd ehan nudi tidn tie'n va dp dung eae bien phap an loan sinh hpc, hdu hdi cac trang trai da ehii ddng khdng ehd'va kiem soat dupe eae dich benh nguy hidm.
- Da gdp phdn khai thdc va sir dung ed hidu qua dat canh tac...tao ra nhiing viing .san xuat tap trung vdi khdi lupng hang hda \an, thiie ddy qua trinh chuyen ddi cc cdu cay trdng, vat nu6i, tao didu kidn eho e6ng nghidp chan nuoi phat trien.
- Da thu hiit nhidu thanh phdn kinh te tham gia dau tu da gdp phan tao eong an vide lam, tang thu nhap eho ngudi san xuat.
Hgn che
- Thidu quy hoach tdng thd' ddn dd'n tinh trang cac trang trai xay dung manh miin, thidu sir ddu tu, hd trp co sd ha tdng, ehua hinh thanh lidn viing san xuat hang hoa tap trung.
- Kha nang tid'p can ngudn vdn eiia trang trai gap nhieu khd klian, trinh dp chuydn mdn, kinh nghiem san xudt eiia hdu hdi eae ehii trang trai edn bi ban chd'.
.. - He thdng tieu thu san phdm edn manh miin, gia san pham chan nu6i edn bid'n ddng.
- Do phat tridn thieu quy hoach nen mot sd trang trai xir ly ciiai that chua triet de gay d nhidm m6i trucrng./.
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