TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HOI so 3 (223) 2017
BAO T O N V A P H A T H U Y GIA TRj DQN CA TAI lif
Tiy GOC NHiN TRI^T LY NHAN SINH NAM BO
NGUYEN KHANH HOANG*
Nghe thuat don ca tai tw Nam Bd da dwoc cdng nhan la Di san van hoa phi vat the cua nhdn loai. Cho t&i nay, da co rat nhiiu cdng trinh khao cwu ve dan ca tdi tw tCr cdc gdc do dm nhac, van hoa, ljch siy... Bdi viet ndy nham gop them mdt cai nhin vi lo^i hinh nghe thuat ndy tCr gdc dd triit ly nhdn sinh Nam Bd, qua dd di xuit mgt sd giai phap bao tdn va phat huy gia trj don ca tai tw Nam Bd trong giai doan hidn nay theo hai hw&ng tiip can tw chu the va khach the.
Twkhda: bao ton, nghg thudt ddn ca tdi tu, trilt ly nhdn sinh. Nam Bp
Nhdn bai ngdy: 28/9/2016; dwa vdo bidn tdp: 5/12/2016; phan bidn: 20/2/2017;
duyet dang: 5/5/2017 L f i A T V A N O e
Ddn ca tdi tu la loai hinh dm nhgc dae thiJ eua vlJng dat Nam Bp, ra ddi vdo cuoi the ky XIX, la su k i t hgp dpc ddo gi&a ea H u i va nhac l l Nam Bp. Day la logi hinh nghg thudt mang hai thd cugc sing thudng ngdy cua con ngudi Nam Bp, Id mon an tinh than khdng the thilu trong ddi sing ngudi dan vLtng dat nay.
Tuy vdy, trong b l i cdnh hpi nhdp quoe t l hign nay, dudi sy tdc dgng eua cdc y i u t l thdi dai, eong tdc bao ton va phdt huy gid trj ddn ea tdi ti> gap khong it kho khdn. Bdi viet trinh bay mgt s l bien phap bao t i n vd phat huy gia tri cua logi hinh nghe thudt dac trung eua vung dat phuang Nam tren n i n tang trilt ly nhdn sinh Nam Bp.
2. TRI^T LY NHAN SINH COA NGU-QI DAN NAM BO TRONG DOU CA TAI TO"
Thanh Dodn Long Xuy§n, tinh An Giang.
Theo quan diem cua Gido su Trdn Van Khe cum t& "Tai tt>" c6 nghTa Id nh&ng ngudi cd tai va dge bigt ngudi chai tdi tu khong vi miJC dich Igi nhudn (Trdn Van Khe 2010). Hai tdc gia Nguyen Birc Higp vd Nguyin Le Tuyen (2013: 34), cung ding quan diem khi trich dan tu quyen Tu <^en Viet Nam phd thong cua Ddo Vdn Tap rang ngudi tai t u la ngudi chuyen bieu dien mot loai hinh nghe thudt, tren ca sd niim yeu thich vd tuyet nhien khong dung tdi nang nghe thugt eua minh de kilm tiln. Tu do c6 the nhdn dinh rang: "Ddn ca tai tu co the hieu la hoat dgng dan (ddn), hdt (ca) cua nh&ng ngudi co tai trong nghg thuat, da phan hg chai vi niem dam me, sd thich ehd khong dfjng tai ndng de kiem tiln".
Ddy la loai hinh nghe thudt ra ddi vdo khoang cuoi t h i ky XIX do mot bg phan quan lai, nhac su eua trilu dinh
NGUYEN KHANH H O A N G - B A O T O N V A P H A T HUY GlA TR|..
H u l theo cac doan nghTa quan yeu nudc vdo Nam xay dyng eg sd khdng chien ehing Phdp, sdng tao nen.
CCing vdi qua trinh pho bien rpng rai trong nhdn dan, ddn ea tdi tu eung c6 nh&ng biln doi ve ea npi dung ldn hinh thue sinh hogt de dap ung edc nhu cdu thudng thue nghe thuat, nhu viee dua ldi ea vao ban nhgc, sy xuat high cdc biln the ddn ea tdi t u (vpng CO, tdn CO, cai luang...).
Trong Dai tw dien tieng Viet, "trilt 1^"
dugc djnh nghTa Id nh&ng quan niem ehung vd sdu sde nhdt cua con ngudi v l nhung v l n d l eua eupe sing va xa hpi (Nguyin Nhu Y 1998: 1707). Theo quan diem cd nhan tdc gia bdi vilt, triet ly Id nh&ng quan diem ve con ngydi va nhung van d l lien quan d i n cupe sing eua eon ngudi duge dOe k i t t d qud trinh sinh sing va phdt trien eua con ngydL Con "Nhan sinh"
Id mpt t u Han - Viet, ma theo Bai tCr diin tiing Viet co nghTa Id cuoc sing cua con ngudi (Nguyin Nhu Y 1998:
1239). Nhu vdy d bdi viet nay, triet ly nhdn sinh eua ngudi dan Nam Bp dyge hieu Id he thong cde quan diem cua ngudi dan Nam Bp v l con ngudi va nh&ng vdn d l liSn quan d i n eupe song cua eon ngudi, dugc hinh thanh trong qud trinh sinh sing vd phdt triln eua hp.
Triet ty cua ngudi dan Nam Bp td san p h i m dugc ehat tpc t& nh&ng cai da san cd trong ngudi Viet, dugc phdt triln trong nhung dieu kien dge thu rieng ed eua vung dat Nam Bp. Tinh chat dac trung eua trilt 1]^ nhdn sinh
cua ngudi dan Nam Bp bieu hien trong tat ca cde ITnh vye eua ddi song xa hpi, trong do eo ddn ea tai tu.
2.1. T r i l t ly v l mdi quan he giu'a con ngu'di vdi xg hpi, la quan diem sdng chan hoa, hao phong, trpng nghTa v d i mpi ngipdi
Cf x u sd md "Cheo ghe sg s i u an Chun, xuong bung sg dta, ten rung sg ma", ngudl ddn Nam Bp thudng song theo cpng dong Idng, xdm vd rit trpng tinh nghTa, dat nhdn nghTa tren h i t (Tran Phong Dieu 2010: 19). Quan diem ndy dugc t h i hign rdt ro trong cdch thde sinh hoat ddn ca tai t u khi ddy Id loai hinh nghg thudt thign v l tinh tdp t h i , epng dong. Id noi md bgn be, ngudi thdn, hdng xom Idng giing CO niim dam me am nhac, ai eung co the gia nhap. Trong edc buoi ddn ndy tuyet nhien khdng thay sy so bl, giau nghe; thay vdo do la tinh than hdo hiep, edi md khi ngudi di trude hudng d i n ngudi d i n sau, eo ddn sai cDng ehdng bj che bai. Chinh tinh than "td hai giai huynh de" eua ngudi dan nai ndy da khiln cho mpi ngudi d i u vui ve vd day say me trong m l i bull Ddn ca tai tu.
2.2. T r i l t ly v§ mdi quan he giOa con ngipdi v d i t y nhien, the hien ehu y i u d quan diem sdng binh dj, hda hgp vdi t i r nhien
Ld vung ddt dugc thien nhien uu ddi vdi khi hgu thuan lgi, edy eoi t i t tuai, thuy, hai san doi dao... nen ti> khi khai hoang md coi. eon ngudi nai day da hinh thdnh thdi quen song dya vdo thien nhien. Moi quan he gan bo vdi
TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HQl so 3 (223) 2017 thien nhien eung duge the hien qua loi
chai hoa minh vdo khung eanh thien nhien cua ngudi tdi tu. Nlu nhy Nhac le, Nhac eung dinh Hue... da phan trinh dien trong nhd hode mpt dja dilm mang tinh trang nghiem, thi logi hinh ddn ca tdi tu nguyen goc khong trinh diin tren sdn khdu hay trudc dong dao cong ehiing (Trin Van Khai 1987:
81) md thudng gan lien vdi khung canh Idng que, thien nhien, song nudc h&u tinh. Khi thi tranh thS luc nghf ngoi ngodi dong rupng, mpi ngudi quay qudn Idm vai ban ddn; khi thi trong vudn trdi cdy, anh, em bang h&u hdn huyen, tdm sy quanh ly rugu, mang tilng ddn de gidy bdy noi long...
Khdng can sdn khau hdo nhodng, ddn ca tdi tu nguyen goc chf can bp vdn ngya hogc chile ehilu dat gi&a sdn vudn. kem them vdi ly rugu hoae trd.
Trang phuc ngudi dien thi chf Id chile do bd ba mac di ldm rugng. Cdc nhac eu da phdn cung duge Idm tu nh&ng loai go d i tim d vung dat bat ngdn cdy coi nay.
2.3. Tinh m d Id tinh chdt dac thu trong t r i l t ly nhan sinh eua ngu'di Nam Bp
Tinh md la k i t qua cua sy k i t hgp giua tinh linh hogt trong truyin thong van hda ngudi Viet vdi sy giao thoa vdi eae luong van hda khae, trong do CO van hoa phugng Tdy.
Tinh md cua ngudi dan Nam Bp 6woc the hien trong rdt nhilu khia egnh cua ddi sing xa hpi, nhu sing trong khong gian md, loi song "rdy ddy mai do"; sy tilp biln van hoa, am thue; su du nhdp
tdn gido nude ngoai; hay sy ra ddi eua nhilu ton giao, tin ngudng npi sinh.
Trong nghe thudt ddn ca tdi tu thi tinh md ndy the hien ro net d vigc van dgng nguyen ly Djch hpe de hinh thdnh ndn edeh thde trinh diin xem tdng ban Idm goc (Tran Van Khe 2010) vd them vdo do sy sang tao cua rieng minh;
hay eai bien he thang am ngu eung eua ngudi Trung Hoa xua la thuang - giic - vu - chuy - cung de hinh thdnh hg am ho - xy - xang - xe - Cing (tugng trung cho kim - mpc - thuy - hoa - tho) phCi hgp vdi ngudi Viet.
Cung chinh tinh each edi md (Trdn Ngpe Them 1996: 223) md ngudi Nam Bp da eai biln cdc nhgc eg phuang Tdy thdnh nhgc cy trong ddn ddn ea tdi tu, nhu eai bien ddn violon bang cdch so lai day theo hai kieu x l buong vd x l bop (Td Vu 1998: 169) vd dac bigt la viec khoet lom phim ddn d l eho ra ddi cay dan guitar phim ldm md sau nay nhilu ngudi dd vi von Id "ong hodng cua dan nhgc tdi tu".
3. GlAl PHAP B A O T 6 N VA PHAT HUY GlA TR! DON CA TAI TO"
Nh&ng the hien tren cho thdy, ddn ea tdi t u la loai hinh nghe thudt ham chda nhilu y i u t l trilt hpe phuang Dong. Trong do dieu cot Idi Idm nen cdi h i n cua loai hinh ngh$ thudt ndy chinh Id trilt ly nhan sinh ddc trung cua ngudi dan Nam Bg. Chinh vi v$y, de bao ton vd phdt huy gid trj ddn ca tdi tu can khoi phuc vd phat huy gid trj cua trilt ly nhdn sinh ham chua trong each thuc vd n6i dung sinh hoat ddn ca tai tu. Ngoai ra, vdn d l bao ton va
NGUYEN KHANH HOANG - BAO TON VA PHAT HUY G I A T R L
phdt huy gia tri ddn ca tdi t u cdn cdn luu y mgt s l dilm sau ddy:
1) Cdc bien phdp bao t i n trilt 1;^ nhan sinh eua ngudi ddn Nam Bp can phai dua tren co sd n i n van hoa truyin thing, ton trpng hien thyc khdch quan vd xu t h i van dpng tdt y i u eua loai hinh nghe thudt ddn gian truyin thong.
2) Cdc bien phdp phdt huy gia trj trilt ly nhan sinh ciJa ngudi dan Nam Bp trong ddn ea tdi t u cdn phai dya tren ea sd khoa hpe, thilt thuc vd phai eo tinh kha thi cao trong thuc tiin.
3) Vigc bao t i n vd phdt huy gid tn trilt ly nhan sinh eua ngudi dan Nam Bp trong ddn ea tai t u phai phu hgp vdi xu t h i hien dai, djnh hudng tuang lai vd phai CO bien phdp xu ly cde vdn d l phat sinh trong qua trinh thuc hign.
Ba trpng tam luu y tren dai dien eho ba vdn d l truyin thing, khoa hgc va hign dai trong viec bao t i n nh&ng ehu the van hoa.
Xuat phat t u viee xem trilt ly nhdn sinh cua ngudi dan Nam Bg Id cdi h i n cua ddn ca tdi tu, bdi vilt xin d l xuat nhom giai phap bao t i n theo hai hudng tilp can ca ban:
Mot la, t u ehinh chu t h i ddn ea tdi tu.
Hai la, tir cac khach the trong xa hpi nhu nha quan ly, khan gia, ngudi ddn.
3.1. Cac bien phdp bao tdn va phat huy gia trj d&n ca tai tir tip gde dd chu t h i
1) Cdeh thde to chue sinh hogt ddn ea tai t u phai dya tren trilt ly sing truyen thing cua ngudi dan Nam Bp.
Sinh hoat ddn ea tdi t u xua la net van hoa dpe ddo d vung ddt Nam Bp. Gan lien vdi no la hinh anh nh&ng ngudi ndng ddn chdn lam, tay biin qudy qudn ben nhau m l i djp mua ve, hay hinh anh tieng dan nhi vang len giua buoi "trd du tuu hdu" ben b i n nude cua nhung ngudi eung xom. Nh&ng hinh anh dd dd tao nen net duyen eua ddn ea tai tu: binh dj, chan that vd khong khoa truang. Logi hinh nghe thudt ndy tuy khong eo sdn khdu hdo nhodng, rat chdn chdt, nhung cdi hon toat len trong t&ng tilng dan, edu hat thi khong the lan vdo dau, tu do hinh thdnh nen cdi chdt eua mpt toai hinh nghe thudt dac trung cho quan nigm sing eua ngudi Nam Bg la tinh phong khodng vd tinh sdng tao.
Ngdy nay, mpt s l cdu lac bp Ddn ca tdi tu vi mye dieh ehay theo Igi nhudn, thudng to chuc nhilu bull trinh dien tdi tu, ma khong dau tu v l chdt lugng.
Mpt s l nghg nhan thi "trinh dien" ddn ca tdi tu chu khdng cdn "chai" ddn ea tai t u nhu ton cht ban ddu eua loai hinh nghe thugt nay, ho thudng lap Igi y khuon bdi ban, each rung, cdch nhdn nhjp... Nhung each trinh dien d6 Idm mat di tinh sang tao ma con ngudi Nam Bp dd gui gam vdo loai hinh nghe thuat npi sinh cua minh.
T U quan diem song co tinh, cd nghTa, hoa minh eung thidn nhien ciJa ngudi dan Nam Bp, van dyng vdo viec bao t i n vd phdt huy ddn ea tdi tu mpt each ben vung, thilt nghT nen khoi phiJC va phdt trien mo hinh ddn ea tai tu theo kieu truyen thing trong cpng ding dan
TAP CHf KHOA HOC XA HQl so 3 (223) 2017 CU. Theo do, moi xom, lang hoge mpt
xa, phudng se lap ra mpt ban nhac tdi tu, ngudi tham gia khdng phan biet dp tuoi, tdi ndng, chi c l n yeu thieh bp mon nghg thuat ndy. Cae ban nhac tdi tu ndy CO the sinh hoat vdo m l i cuoi tudn hoae mdi thdng mpt ldn, ede bull trinh diin khdng edn sdn khdu hao nhodng md ehf can mgt dja dilm phCi hgp nhu d sdn vudn..., nhung phai ehO trpng d i n sy thoai mdi, sang tao, d l ngudi tham gia that sy "chai" tai tu, thdt su hda minh vdo bdi ban. Co nhu vay, nh&ng gid tri nhdn sinh t i t dgp, nhu song hoa hgp, binh dj vdi thien nhien, tinh cam gan kit, ed tinh, ed nghTa... md con ngudi Nam Bp muon truyin tai thong qua ddn ca tdi tu d i n xa hgi mdi thdt sy mang lai hieu qua cao, CO sue thu hilt, qua do hudng y thdc cua mpi ngudi vdo vige bao ton loai hinh nghe thudt dgc trung vung dat phuang Nam ndy.
2) Can ed sy djnh hudng d l ngi dung sinh hogt ddn ca tdi tu phan dnh quan nigm song cua ngudi Nam Bp.
Ban chat cua ddn ea tai tu Id loai hinh sinh hogt mang tinh epng dong, choi trong khong khi vui ve, dm tinh bgn huu. Vi vdy, sinh hogt tdi tu nen hudng den cde l l i chai tap the nhu song tau, tam tau... vd ludn c6 sy thay doi ludn phien gi&a ngudi ddn lot vd ddn chlnh tiiy theo sd trudng cua tij-ng thdnh vidn (Nguyin Ngpe Tuyet, True Linh Lan, Phii Sa Lpe, Ngpe Anh, Tran Heal Linh, Ton Thdt Lang 2013:
26). Ngoai ra, cung c l n khuyin khieh ngudi chai phai "biln djch" - sang tdc
bdi ban mdi dya trdn Idng ban san eo, de nh&ng bai ban eu luon duge d l i mdi nhung khong Idm mat ddc trung cua ddn ca tdi t u (Dang Hodnh Loan 2014: 51); trdnh l l i ddn rap khudn, theo l l i mdn, vi nhu vdy se khong tao dwoc hung thu doi vdl ngudi nghe, han n&a se ddn lam mat di ban tinh cdi md, khdng ng&ng sdng tao eua ngudi Nam Bp trong nghd thudL Idm mdt di cdi hay, cdi dep Idm say dam long ngudi cua ddn ea tdi tu khi xua.
Npi dung sinh hpgt ddn ca tdi tu edn dugc dinh hudng, mpt mat hgn chl nh&ng y i u t l khdng edn phCi hgp vdi xd hpi hidn dai; mat khae, npi dung vd de tai sang tdc ndn bdm theo triet \)/
song eua ngudi Nam Bp, nhu ill song binh dj, gdn gui vdi thien nhien, tinh than phdng khodng, nghTa hidp...
Nhung ngi dung the hien vdl each suy nghT vd cdch sing eua ngudi Nam Bg sd d i dwoc ngudi Nam Bg don nhdn vd chia se, han n&a cung Id cdch de thong qua ddn ca tdi tu giao due thd hg tre nhung quan nidm sing tot dgp eija ngudi ddn phuang Nam.
Nhin chung, hai giai phdp trdn co the dugc xem la cdc giai phdp bao qudt, tong t h i , bdn canh do, c6 the ed nh&ng giai phdp khdc cy the hon.
Dilu mdu chot Id phai luon xem truydn thong Id edi nen tang, bao t i n truyin thong roi mdi xem xet din vide kit hgp nhung y i u t l hidn dgi, phu hgp vdo ddn ea tdi tu. Mgi sy kit hgp yiu to hien dai c l n duge suy xet kJ eang, khong dugc gugng ep, vi bdt cd sy k i t hgp sai lam ndo cung cd t h i se
NGUYEN K H A N H H O A N G - B A O T O N VA P H A T HUY GIATR!..
ldm mat di loai hinh nghd thugt dgc dao khdng vy Igi nay, nai md trong tung tieng ddn, Idi ea d i u chat chua tinh ngudi (Tdn Dde, Chi Quoe 2014).
3.2. Cdc bien phap bao tdn vd phdt huy gia tri ddn ca tdi tie tCr gdc dp khdch the
1) Nhdm giai phdp ve tuyen truyin trilt ly nhan sinh eua ngudi ddn Nam Bp trong ddn ea tdi tu.
Trong b l i canh hpi nhgp cua ddt nude, ddn ca tai t u dang ehju su tdc dpng khong nho cua cdc loai hinh van hda - nghg thudt t u nudc ngodi; nhung quan diem nhdn sinh truyin thing trong ddn ca tdi tt> dang eo dau hieu mai mpt trudc Idn sdng hidn dai hda cae loai hinh nghe thudt truyin thing.
Vide tuyen truyin cho quin chung nhdn ddn v l tdm quan trpng cija vide bao t i n ddn ea tdi t u eung vdi tridt ly nhdn sinh cua ngudi dan Nam Bp Id dilu ein thidt, phai khang djnh dugc ehinh nhung quan dilm nhan sinh ay la y i u t l cot Idi lam ndn cdi h i n eua ddn ca tdi tw. Ding thdi, cung phai ndu ra thye trgng v l sy suy giam nh&ng gid trj cua trilt ly nhan sinh nay trong ddi sing cpng ding vd ddn ca tai t u de dua ra ede bidn phdp bao t i n .
Ngodi ra, cdn nhdn rpng md hinh edc Lien hoan Ddn ca tdi t u d i n tung dja phuang, md rpng quy md vd nang cao chat lugng Festival Ddn ea tai tiJ- quoc gia, trong do cdn ehu trpng tdi hidn khong gian van hoa va ddn nhgc tdi tiJ" Nam Bp xua de qua do tuyen truyen v l nhung quan diem nhdn sinh
trong ddn ca tdi tu, cQng nhu tap diem nhdn v l nghe thudt, vdn hda vd du Ijeh cho vung ddt Nam Bg, td dd dua ddn ea tdi t u d i n gdn han vdi nhan dan ca nudc.
2) Nhom giai phdp nghidn cij-u khoa hpe va gido dye ve ddn ca tdi tu vd trilt ly nhdn sinh cua ngudi ddn Nam Bp.
Cac ngdnh, ede cap edn nghien cdu dua ddn ea tdi tu vdo he thing gido dye pho thdng. Bude ddu, cd the ling ghep vdo bp mdn am nhac d bde trung hge ca sd, sau d6, cd the tdch ridng thdnh mpt mdn ty chpn cho cap trung hpc ca sd vd trung hpc p h i thdng.
Ben canh viec giang day nghd thudt ddn ca tdi tu, gido vien cdn giang giai cho hgc sinh hieu y nghTa, gid trj cua nh&ng quan niem sing md ngudi ddn Nam Bp da dua vdo bp mon nghe thuat ndy. Vide dua Ddn ea tdi tu vao trudng hpc nhu mot so dja phuang dang triln khai thye hidn Id chu truang dijng dan, co y nghTa quan trpng trong edng tde bao t i n ddn ea tai tu. Tuy vdy, viec thye hidn edn di tung budc, CO tong kit, ddnh gia theo tdng giai dogn, qua dd, rut ra kinh nghiem, khac phyc nh&ng hgn c h l , nhdm dua ddn ca tdi tu vdo long thd he tre.
Nha nude eung can ed ea c h l khuyin khieh edc nhd khoa hpe nghidn euu v l ddn ca tai t u vd trilt ly nhan sinh eua ngudi dan Nam Bp chua dyng trong do. Ngodi ra, cdn quan tdm ho tra ung dyng ede de tai, edng trinh nghidn cuu vd bao ton va phdt trien ddn ca tdi tu vdo trong thue tien cugc sing. Thudng xuydn to chue ede hpi thao khoa hgc
TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HQl so 3 (223) 2017 mang t i m qudc gia, quic te de thu hut
nhung nhd khoa hpe, hpc gia, nhung nghg nhan ddn ca tdi t u tham gia vilt bdi, trac doi ve cdc v l n d l ed lidn quan d i n ddn ea tdi tu, dae biet Id khia eanh trilt hpc trong ddn ca tdi tu.
3) Nhdm edc giai phdp v l quan \'j.
Oy ban nhdn ddn ede cdp, md trye tilp Id Sd Van hda, The thao vd Du Ijch cde dja phuang can gdp y xay dyng cde van ban phdp ludt, eung nhu quan ly chat che cdc hoat dpng ddn ca tai tu, ea ehuydn nghidp ldn khdng chuydn, t u do dinh hudng ddn ea tdi tu theo edc quan diem nhan sinh tot dep, trdnh Idm mai mpt, bien tudng gid trj tinh than eua ddn ea tdi tu. Bdn eanh do, cQng nen tap hgp cdc nghd nhdn Igi thdnh mpt to chuc hpi thing nhat nhu Hpi Nghe nhdn Ddn ea tdi tu, td thdnh vidn cua Lien higp cdc Hpi Van hpc Nghe thudt Viet Nam. Hgi ndy mgt khi ra ddi se la to chuc chinh thuc eua nhung nghe nhdn ddn ea tai tu, Id dja diem sinh hogt, nghien edu, trao dot thudng xuydn eua nhung ngudi cd dam me d l i vdi bp mdn nghg thudt ndy vd eOng Id mpt kho tdng sing trong vide luu tr&, bao ton nh&ng gid trj md ddn ca tdi tu mang lai.
Ngodi ra, cdc cap, cac ngdnh cung can ed c h l tai xu ly nghiem vige tgi dung ddn ca tdi tu tuyen truyin l l i song khdng phCi hgp vdi van hda A Dong; khuyen khich, ung hd cdc hoat dpng trinh dien ddn ca tdi t u truyen bd cdc quan diem nhdn sinh duge gui gdm trong dd. Bdn egnh dd, edc Ddi
Phdt thanh vd Truyen hinh, ca quan thong t i n , bdo ehi... eung nen Id mpt kenh kiem duygt va djnh hudng npi dung ede ehuang trinh ddn ca tdi tu dugc phdt trdn cdc phuang tien thong tin dai chung.
4) Nghidn edu xdy dung chudi lien kit djch vu du Ijch ddn ea tdi tu.
Dua ddn ea tdi ti> vdo eae ehuang trinh du ljch, cdc nhd hang, qudn an Id vdn d l gdy nhieu phan ung trdi chilu trong gldi hpc gid, nhd qudn ly vd nghg nhdn tdi tu. Nhieu hpc gia eho rang, vide dua ddn ca tdi ti> vdo trong cdc hogt dpng du Ijch se Idm mdt di hinh anh, gid trj truyen thing eua logi hinh ra ddi vdi tdn chi phi lgi nhudn, lam mat mdt nh&ng quan diem nhdn sinh t i t dgp md ong, cha ta da gui gam. V kiln ndy tgi di ngugc vdl quan diem Igi ich kinh td md ddn ea tdi tu mang lai d l i vdi hoat dpng du tjch md nha quan 1;^ la ngudi dgi didn vd cung Id ke muu sinh cua nh&ng nghd nhan bd cd ddi d l hge dan, hat. Vide giai quylt m i l quan he vua bao t i n gid trj nhdn sinh truyen thing, vira mang lai lgi ich kinh t l nay den nay van chua cd giai phap thda dang.
Tuy vay, dudi gdc dp trilt 1;^ nhdn sinh cija ngudi dan Nam Bg, theo thien nghT cua chung toi, ed the nghidn euu hinh thanh md hinh "Chudi lidn kit djch vy du Ijch ddn ca tai tu". Diem dgc bi$t cua mo hinh nay Id can xde djnh ro tdn chf hinh thdnh, do Id xem vide bao ton trilt ly nhdn sinh eua ngudi dan Nam Bg trong ddn ea tdi tu Id chu the eua djch vy, cdc hogt dpng
N G U Y E N K H A N H H O A N G - B A O T O N V A P H A T HUY GlA TRj..
khdc Id khdch the. Mdt khi xem vide bao ton quan diem nhdn sinh eua ngudi ddn Nam Bg trong ddn ea tai tu Id ehu the, thi chudi lidn k i t se dugc xdy dung theo md hinh khep kin xoay quanh ehu the ndy. Trong do, thay vi trinh dien d cdc dia diem bd bupe vd cdc ban nhgc ddn ca tdi tu bi dgng, phai phy thuge vdo Ijch hoat dpng eua dan vj du Ijch thi nguge lai, cac dgn vj du Ijch phai phy thupc vdo tjch sinh hoat vd dja diem trinh diin cua ban nhac tdi t u d dja phuang d l hinh thdnh nen khong gian van hda ddn ea tdi t u mpt cdch t u nhien nhat, tuyet nhidn khdng ed sy tae dpng td phia dan vj du lich de thay doi Ijch sinh hoat, cdch thuc vd npi dung sinh hogt tdi t u hay thay dot dja diem bleu dien, gdy cam gidc gd dp, bd bupc eho ngudi choi. Idm mdt di tinh sdng tao, ngdu hung cua ddn ca tdi tu. Cde hoat dpng phij trg se dugc to chuc phu thupe vdo Ijeh trinh dien eua edc ban nhac tdi tu. Sau mdi buoi trinh diin, sd to chue edc buoi ndi chuyen ehuyen d l v l van hda Nam Bp, quan diem nhdn sinh truyin thong cua ngudi Nam Bp. Khach den nghe, xem eung dugc t y do thudng thde, t y do trd chuydn eung nh&ng nghe nhdn, eo nhy v|y, ngudi nghe mdi cam nhdn dugc h i t cdi hay eua bp mdn nghg thuat ndy, eung nhu ddi song van hda tinh than vo eung phong phu, da dang eua cu ddn vimg ddt phuang Nam.
Oe dat dugc mye dich nhu tren can
ed su quyet tdm, ding thugn eua xa hpi vd ea c h l , chinh saeh ho trg cua Nhd nudc, dae biet Id tgo ea c h l thudn Igi de eae dan vj du lich gan k i t vdi cde nhdm tai t u de hinh thanh nen chudi lien k i t djch vu nay.
Vide xdy dyng khdng gian van hoa ddn ea tdi tu, trong do xem vide bao t i n trilt 19 nhdn sinh trong ddn ca tdi tw la ehu t h i , sd ed sde thu hut khdch tham quan tim hieu, nghidn edu sau han v l ddn ca tdi tu, dgc bigt la khdch nudc ngodi, nh&ng ngudi ehf mdi bidt/hodc chua bilt d i n ddn ea tdi tu.
Td do tdng bude dua vide bao t i n trilt ly nhan sinh eua ngudi dan Nam Bp trong ddn ca tdi tu that sy trd thanh ehu the trong chuoi lien kit du lich vd cung egnh tranh nay.
4, K^T LUAN
Trudc nhung thdch thuc cua thdi dgi mdi, khi md dat nude dang md eua vd hgi nhdp, thi vigc bao t i n vd phdt huy gid tri ddn ea tdi tu Nam Bg cdn CO sy ehung tay, dong long gdp sij-c eua todn xa hdi. Moi cd nhdn edn phdt huy vai tro tieh eye cua minh trong viec truyin bd ddn ca tai tu, eung nhu gin gid vd phdt huy nh&ng quan dilm sing t i t dep cua ngudi Nam Bd trong ddn ca tdi tu, trong cugc sing hang ngay. Co nhu vdy, ddn ca tdi tu mdi dugc phat trien va luu truyin ddi lau nhu mpt loai hinh nghd thuat dgc trung cho tinh cdch con ngudi phuang Nam. •
TAI LIEU TRiCH DAN
1. Tin Ddc, Chl Quoc. 2014. "Dung Idm ddn ca tdi tu biln chat". Sao Tudi Tre didn ft>.
TAP CHi KHOA HQC XA HQl so 3 (223) 2017
ngdy 28/4/2014.
2. Trdn Phdng D l l u . 2010. "Vdi net v l tinh each ngudi Nam Bg thdi khan hoang". Tgp chl VSn hda Phdt gido, so 114.
3. N g u y i n Otic Hidp, N g u y i n Le Tuyen. 2013. "Hdt bgi, d d n ca tdi t u vd s y hinh thdnh cai luang t d cuoi t h i ky 19 den ddu thd ky 20 ( t i l p theo)", Tgp chi Nghien cd'u vd phdt triin, so 2.
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5. Tran Van Khe. 2010. "Ddn ca tdi tiJ (tdm Iugc)". http://www.hoinhacsi.vn/don-ca-tai- tu-tom-luoc.
6. Dang Hoanh Loan. 2014. "Ddn ca tdi ti> - nhgc giai tri cua n g u d i phuang Nam". T^p chl Di sdn Van hoa phi vat the, s l 2.
7. Tran Ngoc Them. 1996. Tim vi bdn sic van hoa Viet Nam. T P H C M : Nxb. TPHCM.
8. Nguyen Nggc T u y l t , TrOc Linh Lan, Philj Sa Lgc, Nggc Anh, Tran Hodi Linh, Ton That Lang. 2013. "Cdc loai hinh nghe thugt tren sdng n u d c d Can T h a xua". Tap chi Vdn nghe Cin Tha, so 7 1 .
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