NGHIEN c u u
RESEARCH
Thuc trang va giai phap cho quan tri nguon nhan liic tai Ngan hang TMCP Diu tu va Phat trien Vifet Nam (BIDV)
Mai V ^ Ludng Tniong Dai hoc Thu D^u Mbl
Bat ky doanh nghidp, td chflc n i o mudn tdn tai v i dflng vung trong canh tranh d i u phii xem ngudn nhin Iyc la ylu Id CO ban vi hit sfle quan trpng. Do dd, vai tid efla quan tri ngudn nhan lyc l i giflp cho doanh nghi|p, td ehfle dgt dupe mye tidu trong cdng vi|e. Quin tn ngudn nhin lyc efla doanh nghilp, td chuc mpt khi dupe xay dyng dung se mang lai nhilu Ic" ich tiirc Ulp hoie giin tilp. Cu thi, nd giup cho doanh nghidp, td chuc ehfl ddng thiy trudc dupe eie khd khan va tim fai|n phip khic phuc; xic djnh rd khoing eich giua tinh tigng hien tai va dinh hudng tuang lai; ting cudng su Uiam gia cua rUiung ngudi quin \f tryc tuyin vao qui tiinh quin tii ngudn nhin lyc; nhin rd cie hgn c h l va ca hpi cfla ngudn nhan lyc tiong td chflc...
1. Thirc trang nguon nhan luc cua BIDV 1.1. Sd' lupng lao ddng v i co c£fu theo gidi tinh Sd lupng ein bd cdng nhan vidn cfla BIDV ludn cd su giao ddng do vi|c cin bd cdng nhin vi^n hit tudi Iao ddng vl huu, ein bp di bpc, xin nghi do dm dau, thdi vide v.v.. Bing 3.2 eho tiiiy sd lupng nhin lye chung cua BIDV Kr nam 2013 den nam 2018. Nam 2013 sd lupng ein bd, nhin vidn tiong ngin hang la 18213 ngudi; trong dd can bd, nhan vien nu cd 8243 ngudi. Nam 2014 tdng sd ckn bd nhan vidn 20154 ngudi, trong dd nfl cd 9210 ngudi. Tu nam 2015-2018 sd lupng Iao dpng nfl tang Idn kha diu dan: 10961 ngudi vao nam 2015; 11437 ngudi trong nam 2016;
11499 ngudi trong nam 2017 va d i n thing 12 nam 2018 cd sd lupng Ii 12055 ngudi. Nhin ehung ty Id lao ddng nfl giao ddng tfl 45% d i n 46% tdng sd can bd cdng nhan vidn cfla BIDV. Diy Ii tji If khi cao so vdi cic ngin hing thuong mai tgi Vidt Nam.
1.2. Co cS^u lao ddng theo thim nien cdng tac Nim 2015, ty Id cin bd nhan vidn dudi 30 tudi chilm 33,5 %, cin bp nhin vidn ed thim nien tu 30 din 40 la 47,2%, ein bp nhan vidn tfl 40 din 50 ehilm 13,8, sd can bd nhan vifn trdn 50 tudi chilm 5,5%.
Din nam 2018, ty le can bd nhan vidn cd eo ciu tudi tuong ddi dn djnh nhu 05 nam trudc. BIDV cd co ciu vl tudi cin bd nhin vidn dupe phin bd tuong ddi ddng d i u gifla eic nhdm tham nidn edng tic, mie dfl nhdm tudi 30-40 ehilm ty Id khi cao so vdi eic nhdm tudi khie. Diy la mdt trong nhflng thuan lpi cho dio tao va phit tiiln ngudn nhin lyc, d i m b i o ed su k l thua. Tuy nhiln, ngin hing can phai cd k l hogeh tuyin dyng, dao tgo va phit triln thay thi.
1.3. Co cau lao ddng theo tiinh dd chuydn mdn
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BsDg 1. Cir CBU Irinh ttq chnyen m i n caa ci Nfi dang
Dfi hpc trA len Cao ditog Tnmg d p
2015 89,20 2,S0 8,00
2016 89,50 2,60 7,90
2017 91,50 2,40 6.10
201S 91,61 2,38 6,01 Ngiidn • Bdo cdo thudng min ciia BIDV
Nhin chung, trinh dp ehuyen mdn cfla cin bd nhSn vidn cfla BIDV khi cao. Nhin chung cin bd cd trinh dd tfl dai hpc hd ldn tiong nam 2015 ehilm 89,20%, din nam 2018 ed xu hudng tang len chiem 91,61%. Cin bp nhin vidn trung e ^ cd xu hudng giim xudng tu 8,0% edn 6,%.
Diiu dd chflng td ring BIDV quan tim phit tiiln tiinh 66 kiln thflc ehuydn mdn cho cin bd nhin vidn.
2. Danh gia tinh hinh Quan trj NNL tai BIDV 2.1. VI thilt k l va p h i n tich cdng vide Ngin hing BIDV da quan tim d i n phin tich cdng viec, xiy dyng bin Md ta cdng vide khi rd ring nhit la eie vi tri, chflc danh linh dgo, cin bd quin ly cip cao.
Tuy nhidn kit qui khio sit cho thiy cin bp nhin vi6n edn chua hilu vi n i m dupe diy dfl cic thdng tin vl nhidm vy cdng viec vi trich nhi|m eua ngudi thyc hien edng vide.
Nguydn nhin ehu ylu d i n tdi vin d l nay Ii do cic thdng lin lien quan d i n edng viee m i BIDV cung cip eho can bd nhan vien khdng dupe rd ring ho$e chua diy du. Kit q u i phin tich cflng cho thiy nguyin nhSn lim cho ein bd, nhin vien ehua nam rd vl chflc nang, nhiem vy cfla cdng vide l i do Phin tich cdng vi^c chua dupe thuc bidn chi tilt, cy lhl, khoa hpc. Cic Bin md l i edng vide nhit l i b i n md t i cdng vide ciia cua eie vi hi quin ly d cic phdng/ban efla BIDV eung nhu cfla cic ehi nhinh, don vi cdn ehung ehung, thilu ey thi.
2.2.VI hoach dinh nguon n h i n luc
Ngin hang BIDV trong nhflng nam trudc diy hogt ddng theo chi tidu, k l hoach dupe nha nudc giao, nen mye tidu d l ra la hoin thanh nhi|m vy dupe giao la ehinh. Do dd, vi|c hogch djnh ngudn nhin lyc thye hidn nhiem vy ehi don thuin l i nhtrng tinh loan tidn CO sd k l hoach dupe phan cdng, chua cd chiln lupc, dy bio, thu hut, duy tri phit triln nguon nhin lye mpt eich cy thi.
Tfl khi ngin hing chuyin qua hinh thflc kinh doanh theo luit doanh nghidp, thi cdng tic quin tri nguon nhin lyc da ed nhflng bude cii Uln ding kl. Tuy viy, mdt mat la do cdn mang ning tu tudng bao cip hoat dpng theo hinh thuc doanh nghidp nha nude, mat khie chit lupng ngudn nhan Iyc iam cdng tic quan Iy cdn hgn c h l ndn hogt ddng hogch djnh ngudn nhin Iuc tgi ngin hang van chua dupe tiiln khai vi i p dyng.
2.3. Vl tuyin dung v i bd tri cdng vile Vl ngudn luyln dyng, BIDV chi ding quing cao tuyin nhin vidn trdn e i c phuong tidn thdng tin dgi chung mpt each hgn chl. Do dd nhflng ngudi ed nhu ciu tim vide rit khd tilp can dupe thdng tin v l tuyin dyng eua ngin hang. Diln hinh qua cie n i m gin diy, s6 ngudi tuyin dyng dupe do ngudi than trong ngin hing gidi thidu ehilm tdi 62%, ddi tupng luyen dung ehfl ylu l i con em, ngudi quen bidt cfla cin bd nhin vidn trong BIDV.
Vl tiiu chuin tuyin dyng, cic tidu chuin tuyin dyng dupe ngan hing i p dung hogt ddng theo ehd dd bao c i p gom mdt sd Udu chuin tuyen dyng nhu: tiinh do chuydn mdn; sue khde, gidi tinh, noi thirdng trfl;
chip nhin mdi trudng lim vide, lim vi|e ngoai gid...
chi mang tinh hinh thflc v i tiifl tyc. Cic tidu chuin niy chua dupe kilm tia mpt cich khoa hpc vi phu hpp vdi sy phin cdng cdng vide m i ehfl ylu l i ed d l d i p flng dfl tieu chuin luyln dyng.
Ddi vdi qui trinh tuyin dung, hang nam, can cu vao nhu ciu su dung Iao ddng thyc t l tai cic phdng ban, chi nhi#nh, don vj chuydn mdn... ed nhu ciu luyln mdi sfl dung lao ddng. Vide ra tiidng b i o vi hoin tit cie thfl tyc tuyin dyng tgi ngin hing thirdng kdo dii trong khoing 60 ngiy. Qui trinh tuyin dyng tgi BIDV chua chu trong din vide lya chpn dflng ngudi dflng vile, chfl ylu l i luyln dfl theo ehi tidu. Mat khac, nhu ciu luyln dung chua xuit phat tu chiln lupc kinh doanh nen hogt ddng hogch dinh ngudn nhin luc ehua thyc hidn dflng vai tro cua nd.
2.3. Vl dao tao v i phat triln n h i n luc Trong nhung nim qua ngoii vide ed ging thflc day eic hoat dpng kinh doanh, BIDV d i va dang chfl trpng tdi viec d i o tgo, bdi dudng nang lyc ehuydn mdn, tao diiu kidn cho ngudi lao ddng di hpc vi thi tuyin ning b$c, nang luong.
Cdng tac d i o tgo vi phit trien cfla BIDV dupe quan tim dung mfle thi hidn qua kinh phi d i o tao va lupt nhin vien dupe d i o tgo d i u ting qua tflng nim. Tuy
nhidn, do kinh phi dao tgo cdn thip va dupe phan bd dai tri, chua gin vdi tieu chuin quy hogeh nhin vien rd ring ndn chat lupng d i o tao chua eao.
Vl hinh thflc d i o tgo, ehfl ydu van Ii do ngin hing td chuc hoac hd trp la ehinh. Y thuc tu giie hpc hdi ning cao trinh dp ehuydn mdn cua ngudi lao ddng ehua cao, chi dgt sap xi 6% moi nam.
Bd tri cin bd nhin vidn chua hoan toin dya vio trinh dd chuyin mdn dupe dio tao: Mac du d i ed nhilu ed ging, eii Uln tiong vide bd In cin bd nhin viin tiln ca so ylu eiu, nhiem vy cdng vide, ning Iyc cdng vide cua ngudi lao ddng nhung Irdn thuc t l vide bd tii cdng vide cho ngudi Iao ddng vin cdn nhilu han chl.
Ty Id khi Idn cin bp nhan vien dupe dllu tra eho ring mue dp phfl hpp giua ylu cau edng vide v i chuyin mdn d i o tao edn thip, hay ndi cich khic bd tri cdng vide edn chua dya vio chuyen mdn dupe d i o tao. Diiu ding luu y l i ^ kiln cho ring ehua cd sy phu hpp gifla cdng vide vi trinh dd ehuydn mdn d i o tao t^p tmng d nhdm tudi 30-40 ludi, cdn d nhdm tudi dudi 30 da sd lai cho ring ed su phfl hpp gifla ydu ciu cdng vide vi ehuyen mon dupe d i o tao. Diiu niy cd thi cho thay cdng tic bd tii edng vi^e eho ngudi Iao ddng dua trdn nang lue, ehuydn mdn dao tao dupe quan tam vi thuc hidn trong nhirng nam gin diy.
2.4. Vl danh gia thuc hidn cdng vide Hi|n tgi BIDV chu ylu dinh gii kit qui Uiyc hien cdng vide eua nhin vidn Uieo "Phuong phip bing dilm". Trong hd thd'ng BIDV hien nay cd bd phan kilm soit, thyc hidn chflc ning giim sat, kilm tra v i phdi hpp vdi bd phgn nhin sy dinh gii mue dp hoan thinh cdng vi|c cfla ngudi Iao ddng. Tuy nhidn hien tai ehua cd sy khen thudng cflng nhu xfl phgt dflng mfle vdi kit qui danh gii m i chu ylu l i nhic nhd, ddn ddc. Cdng tic danh gii Uiue hiin edng vide, hidn tgi dupe thue hidn tuy cd eo sd can efl khoa hpc, hpp ly. Tuy nhien vide cic td tnrdng, trudng phdng... tryc tilp dinh gii thuc hidn cdng viee cfla nbin vien m i khdng cd sy tiiam gia efla eie td ehue nhu Cdng doin d l din d i n tinh trang chim theo cim tinh, cim nhin vi thidn vi. Mat khic, tidu chi dinh gii thyc hi^n cdng vide chi ehfl ylu dya vio kit qui cdng vi|e eflng chua hpp ]f, nd cdn phai cd thdm cie tidu chi khic nhu thii dp, tic phong, trich nhidm trong lao ddng...
Ngin hang BIDV da cd nhilu tiln bd trong vi|e td chflc dinh gii thye hl|n edng vide, trong ap dyng nhflng phuang phip mdi, hidn dai vao cdng tac dinh gii thye hidn edng vide. Trong thdi gian qua, ngan hang BIDV da cd nhilu chinh sich, giii phip hpp ly nhim lim he thdng thu lao lao ddng ngiy cing hpp ly hon, cd tic dyng khuyin khich v i tgo ddng Iyc cho ngudi Iao ddng. Tuy nhidn, trdn tiiye tl, cin bd nhin vidn vin cho rang h i Ihdng thfl Iao Iao ddng cfla BIDV vin thilu cdng bing.
-1 T^ CHAU A - THAI BIM
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N G H I E N C U U 4. Mot SO giai phap nhim hoan thien Quan trj ngudji nhan lire cua BIDV trong thdi gian tdi
Kit qui nghidn cflu cho tiiiy dpi ngfl cin bO linh dgo vi cin bp quin Iy eua Tdng edng ty cflng nhu cfla cic chi nhinh, nhi miy, dan vj edn ehua nhin thflc diy du ve vai tid vi vj tri cfla Quin Iri NNL. Trin thye t l eho thiy dpi ngfl linh dgo cflng nhu ein bd quin IJ edn chua phit huy dupe vai trd efla Quin trj NNL, chua su dung Quin trj NNL nhu la edng ey, phuang thfle hflu hidu cfla lanh dao vi quan ly d l quin Ii' ddi ngfl cin bp edng nhin vien, d l khuyen khich sing tgo vi tgo dpng lye eho ngudi lao dpng efla BIDV.
I) Hoin thidn, ddi mdi cdng tic hoach djnh NNL Cdng tic hogeh dinh NNL cfla BIDV ein dupe hoin thidn, ddi mdi phit huy hieu qui efla edng tic niy.
Hoin thiln vi ddi mdi hogeh dinh NNL cin tip tmng vio nhflng ndi dung nhu sau:
- Ddi mdi phuong phip hoach dinh NNL, xem xdt eie nhin td tie ddng tdi biln ddng NNL nhit l i cic nhin id ndi tai cua BIDV, cic nhan td thudc vl mdi tnrdng vi dae bidt quan tim tdi sy tie ddng efla hpi nhip qud'c t l trong qua trinh thuc hidn hoach dinh NNL.
- Cdng tac hoaeh dinh NNL phai dupe su quan tim dflng mfle d eie ehi nhinh, don vi thudc BIDV; cin phii xic djnh hoaeh djnh NNL khdng ehi Ii nhidm vu efla Lanh dgo BIDV ma cdn phii li nhiem vu cfla Lanh dao cic chi nhinh, don vi.
- Hoach dinh NNL cho tflng giai doan 5 nim d l thyc hidn chien lupc vi ke hogch dii han efla BIDV, tuy nhidn hing nam can cd diiu chinh Igi hoach djnh NNL cho phfl hpp vdi tinh hinh thue tiln.
- Kl hogeh NNL efla BIDV phai dupe xiy dyng va tdng hpp trdn co sd k l hogch NNL cfla cic ehi nhinh, don vj cfla ngin hing. Kl hoach NNL phii chfl y tdi d i m b i o sd lupng NNL, eo ciu NNL theo trinh dp chuydn mdn, theo gidi ti'nh, din tde, tham nien cdng tie. Die bidl ehfl y ldi d i m b i o ehit Iuong cfla NNL so vdi ydu ciu eua cdng vide. Hoach djnh NNL phii ehfl y ning eao trinh do chuyin mdn chung cfla NNL, khuyin khich eho ein bp nhin vien hpe t$p nang eao kiln thfle vi kj/ nang edng vide. Hogeh djnh NNL cung phii chu y tdi nhu ciu md rdng vi phit triln efla cic ehi nhinh, don vi.
- Chu y tdi xiy dyng cic chinh sich vi eic giai phip nhim tiiuc hidn eie k l hogch NNL efla BIDV.
Trong dd cin ehfl y ldi eic ehinh sieh thu hflt nhin lyc ed trinh dp ehuydn mdn cao, ehinh sich luyln dyng, ehinh sieh d i o lao va phit triln NNL, eac chinh sich lidn quan din sfl dung NNL vi tao lap mdi trudng lim vide...w.
ii) Hoin thien, ddi mdi cdng lie luyln dyng nhan lue
Tuyin dung nhan lye la giii phip quan trpng d l
d i p flng sy thilu hyt vl s6 lupng va chit lupng NNl cfla td ehfle. Tuyin dyng nbin lyc cflng l i giii ph6[
cd f nghia quan ti-png d l tgo ra sy thay ddi vl van h(5;
cua td chue, thay ddi nhflng gii tri vin hda, nhOni chuin myc ehua tdt, khdng phu hpp vdi d i e dilm cijc BIDV trong bdi cinh hdi nhip qudc tl. Cdng tic luygr dyng nhin lye cua ngin hing da dupe quan tim va cd su d i u tu efla Iinh dao vi cua eie ehi nhinh, don % Chinh vi viy, cdng tie tuyin dyng nhin lyc da gdp phan vio d i m b i o du sd' lupng nhin lyc va ning cao ehat lupng NNL chung cfla BIDV trong thdi gian qua, Tuy nhidn, tuyin dung nhin lye efla BIDV cflng bdc 1$
nhilu hgn c h l nhu d i d l e i p trong phin tieh, dinh gii.
iii) Hoin thidn vi ddi mdi cdng tic thu lao lao d^ng Cdng tic thu Iao lao dpng cd y nghia hit sflc quan trpng trpng Irong xiy dyng va phit triln NNL, tiong khuyin khich tao dpng lyc cho ngudi lao ddng, Thti lao lao ddng khdng chi li quyin lgi, lgi ich cfla bdn thin ngudi lao dpng m i cdn la trieh nhidm vi lpi Ich cfla ngin hing.
Trong sudt nhflng n i m qua, cdng tic thu lao lao ddng da dupe Lanh dao BIDV. Tiln Iuong binh qufln, Ihu nhip, Uln Ihudng, phfle Ipi xa hdi ngiy eing tang vi hpp ly hon; ngudi Iao ddng ngiy eing ydn lim hem vdi mue thu lao ma hp nhin dupe tfl ngan hing. MSc diu viy, edng tie thu lao lao ddng vin edn nhilu h^in chl, bit cip cin phii giii quylt kjp thdi. Nhirng h?n chl, bit c i p chinh Ii: Mfle lupng binh quin m$c dSu cao so vdi thi trudng nhung vin chua d i m bio duQC nhu ciu eua ein bd nhin vien; Chua d i m bio du^c sy cdng bing trong tri luong; Thfl lao bing tiln k^l hpp vdi hidn vit gay khd khin cho hgeh toin va lao sy bit binh ding tirong thfl Iao lao dpng; Bio hilm xa W cho ein bp edng nhan vidn chua dupe tdt vi chua triln khai khip tit c i cie ehi nhinh cfla BIDV./.
Tal lieu tham l(hao
Ngin hing TMCP Diu tu v i Phit Uiln Vidl Nair (BIDV) (2013-2018), Bio c i o thudng nidn, Hi Ndi
Phung Xuin Nhg v i cpng sy, (2012), "Kit qui kha(
sil Iinh dao doanh nghidp ngoii qude doanh W Nam"
Ngd Quy Nhim (2012), "Khung nang lye vi lini dyng trong boat dpng quin tri nhan su" Tgp ehi Nhi quin Iy, sd 94/2012 tiling 3/2012.
Nguyin Dinh Thp vi Nguyin Thi Mai Trang (2015) Nghien cflu khoa hpe trong Quin trj kinh doanh, K Npi: Nhi xuit b i n Thdng ke.
