KHOA HOC C 6 N G N G H I
BUIIC DAU MGHl£lV CUD KHA IVAlVG H A P THU KHi TOLUEIV CUA MOT SO LOAI C A Y BAI\I DfA
P h i i n g Vdn K h o a ' , Biii Vdn N d n g ' , N g u y d n T h i Bich H a o T6MTAT
Bai bao trinh bay ket qua budc ddu nghidn cuu thir nghi^ni kha nilng hap thu toluen d dgng khi cda 10 loai cSy ban dia. Cac loai cdy Ipa chpn nghidn cihi ddu co tinh Ih^m m? cao va cd th^ dupc trdng trong phdng nhu mijt logi cdy canh, do la c i c lodi: Thi^t mdc lan (Dracaena iragraiis.), NgO gia bi (ScheWera heptaphylla (L) Frodin), Dumig xi (Dryoplrn> parasitica), Mia dd (Costns speciosus Sm,), Com nep (Strobihwthfs a^nis (Griff.) Y. C, Tang), Rdng vi l&n (Imd-iaea Javanensis BI.), Van nifin thanh (Dieffenbacbia sp,), M^t c§t {Rliapis c.vcr/.v; (Thunb.) Henijy ex Relid.), Co noc hoa d^u (Curcuhgo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze.) vd Kim giao {Nageia ilcuryi (Hickel) de Laub). Nghidn cuu dirpc thuc hien trong bu6ng kin bang thuy tinh trnng sudt cd kich thuoc 60 x 60 x 100 cm. Bdn trong buong kinh thi nghidm quat gid dirpc dSt dd khuSly trOn d^u khfing khi, ddng thdi dat di^ni may do dd ^m, nhift dd va cudng dp anh sdng dd theo dOi cac y^u to vi khi h.iu Irong qud trinh thirc nghidm. K^t qua nghien cuu cho thJiy, khi cho cdc lodi cdy tidp xiic vdi toluen d dgng klii trong khoang ndng dp tir 8 den 12 mg/m\ sau 72 gid ti^p xiic sd hdp tiiu dupc toluen lir 0,20 d^n 2,70 pg/cm^ (don vi di^n tich la). Ba loai cay hap thu khi toluen lot nh^t trong qud trinh thi nghivm la Thidt mpc Ian (Dracaena tagrans.), Ngu gia bi {Schefflera hepaphylla (L.) Frodin) vd Cd ndc hoa dau (Curculigo capitulata (Lour) Kuntze.).
TOkhda: 6 nbmn khong kbi, khdng khi trong phong. cAy trong phong, cSybandia, toluen.
LOAT VAN B£
Toluen Id mdt dung mdi hiiu co dd bay hoi dupc ling dung rdng rdi trong cac nganh cdng nghidp.
Trong nha, toluen ed the phat sinh tir nhidu ngudn khac nhau nhu son, khdi thudc Id, chd't tay rira, hode CO the hi khudch tan tir ngoai trdi vao tiong phdng do no cd nhidu trong khi thai giao thdng ... Ddy la rapt trong nhieu chat gay d nhidm khdng khi trong phong. Hien nay Viet Nam chua ed tidu chuan gidi han cho phep ndng dp toluen trong phdng, tuy nhitin theo Quy chuan ky thuat qudc gia vd mpt sd chat ddc hai trong khdng khi xung quanh (QCVN 06} thi gidi han tdi da cho phdp trung binh ndm Id 0,19 mg/m^ timg Ian tdi da la 1,0 mg/m^ (Bd TK&MT, 2009). Khi tidp xue vdi toluen qua dudng ho hap cd tiid gdy dnh hudng ddn hd thdn kinh trung uong. 6 muc ndng do khoang 50 ppm (189 mg/m'), toluen ed thd gdy budn ngu va dau dau nhe; d nong dO 100 ppm (377 m g / m ^ gdy mdt mdi, chong mat (CCOHS, 2008) va tiiam ehi ed tiid gay Ml hirdng ddn nao bd. O ndng dp b'dn 10000 ppm c6 thi gay bat tinh vd tii vong. Do cd nhidu tiong Khoi thudc la vd cdc san pham gia dung khac ndn aoi llic trong khoang thdi gian ngdn ndng dp cda 'oluen cd thd cao hon ngudng an toan khi tidp xiic tfongdidu kien mdi trudng Iao ddng. Mdt khde, mdi
ngay con ngudi ed thd diing den 90% thdi gian sinh sdng trong nha ddi vdi ngudi lam vide trong phdng va 50% thdi gian ddi vdi ngudi lam vide ngoai trdi (Ld Huy Bd, 2008). Vi vay, lira ehpn duoc giai phdp phu hpp nhdm giam thieu cac chat khi dpc hai nhu toluen d mdi trudng trong phdng la dieu hdt siic can thiet vd cap bach. Mdt tiong nhung giai phdp tiian thien nhat vdi mdi trudng da dupc biet den dd la diing thue vat dd hap thu chat d nhidm (Phytoremediation), tuy nhien, van dd nay d Vidt Nam cdn rat han chd vd phan Idn mdi chi tidn hdnh mdt sd it nghidn cim trong mdi trudng dat vd nudc.
Chinh vi nhung ly do tien de tai da lua ehpn 10 Ioai cay ban dia cd tinh tham my cao, cd thd trdng trong nhd nhu mdt loai eay eanh dd nghien ciiu khd ndng hap tiiu khi chat khi toluen trong dieu kidn budng thi nghiem.
L NGUYBV VAT LJ$) VA PIIUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU 1. C d c lodi t h v c v$t lya c h p n c h o n g h i d n ciiu M u d i Ioai t h u e vdt b a n dia d u p c lay ngodi t u n h i d n v a o tiidng 3 / 2 0 1 1 dd n g h i d n cuu. Lira c h p n nhflng edy cd dii tidu c h u £ n vd t r d n g t r o n g cde chdu, dd t r o n g p h d n g 1 tiiang t r u d c k h i tidn h a n h b d tri thi n g h i d m . D d c d i e m c u a tiing c a y thi n g h i d m n h u : c h i e u e a o cay, didn tieh Id, d u d n g k i n h tan, m d u sde e u a Id d u p c x a c d i n h ti m i ( b a n g 1) t r u d c k h i tien h d n h b d ti-i tin n g h i e m . D o ldn c u a cdc tiidng sd ndy d u p c coi Id phii h p p , d a m b a o tinh tiiam m y k h i ddt
^Png Dai hpc Ldm nghidp
•^NG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G THON - KY 2 - THANG 1/2013 97
KHOA HQC CdNG NGin~
cdc chdu cdy nay tiong nhimg cdn phdng thdng thudng dd Idm edy cdnh.
TT
1 ^ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bing 1. Cic loii ciy bin dja liia chon nghiin Loii cSy thi nghlCni
Tin bin dja Cd ndc hoa diu Com nip Duong xi Kim giao Mat cit Miadd Ngu gia bi Ring vi lin Thiit mOc lan Van ni^n thanh
Tin khoa hoc
Curculigo capltulatii (bmr.) KunUe.
.Sbrobilantiies affmis (Griff.) Y.G. Tang Cvclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farw.
N:igela flciiryi (\\k\ie\) de Laub, Khapis cxcclsa Clhunb.) Hennry ex Rehd.
Costus sjieclosiis Sm.
Schefflera heiitiiphylla (L.) Frodin Macrotiielypteris torrcslana (Gaud.) Ching.
Dracaena fragrans.
DicUcnbachla sp.
cuu Hvn (cm) 117 26 55 62 100 83 74 44 84 39
Dt (cm)
87 59 82 78 83 78 52 73 72 60
A (cra^
613 60%
284 4535 6170 4669 118 4761 242 3189
Htb: chidu cao tivng binh cua khdm ciy trong budng_ thi nghidm; Dtb: dudng kinh tan trung binh cua khdm ciy thinghiim; A: diin U'ch li trung binh cua khdm dy tivng budng thinghiim.
2. Hda chdt vd trang tiiidt bi thf nghidm 'Khi toluen
Toluen Id dung mdi hiru co dd bay hoi. Do vdy khi gia nhidt thi Idp lue cde dung mdi ndy sd chuydn thanh d?uig hoi. Diing ddng khi tro dd dan hoi dung mdi ndy vdo thidt hi dung chuydn dung sd thu dupc hoi dung mdi toluen. Trong nghidn ciiu nay hoi dung mdi tao ra dupc ddn ngay vdo budng thi nghidm.
- Thidt kd cic budng thinghiim
Budng thi nghidm kin ed ndp ddy dupc lam bdng tiiiiy tinh, kich thudc 60 x 60 xlOO cm (ddi x rpng x cao) dam bao dupc han kin tuydt ddi. Bdn trong budng thi nghidm dupc gdn qu^t mdy dd ddo ddu khdng khi trong budng. Budng thi nghidm cd hai van bdng kim Ioai dupc ndi vdi dau vdo vd dau ra cua mdy bom hut khdng khi trong qud trinh lay mau toluen cOng nhu khi dua khi toluen vao trong budng. Nhu vdy, trong qud trinh dua khi toluen vdo budng va ldy khdng khi tir budng thi nghidm dd phdn tich, hd thdng ludn Id mpt hd thdng kin vd dam bao cdn bdng dp sudt tiong sudt qud trinh thi^c nghidm.
- Cic thidt bi, hda chi't dung cho phin tich toluen
Cde tiiidt bi, hda chdt dung cho phdn tich toluen bao gdm: Mdy lay mdu khdng khi SKC 222-2 cua My;
mdy sdc ky khi Master GC vdi detectiir ion hda ngpn lira, cpt mao qudn DB-17; mdy Idc Votex; cdc dung mdi tiiluen, cae bon disunfit tinh khidt phdn tich cua Merk; dng hdp phy chua tiian ho^t tinh.
3. Phuong p h ^ bd bl thi nghi$m
Trudc khi dua cdy vdo budng thi nghidra, cdc cdy dupc lua chpn dam bdo khdng bi sdu b$nh, cdc chi
tidu vd hinh ddng, kich thudc cay deu dupc ghi ^li.
Dde bi^t toan bd di$n ti'ch la ctia cdy thi nghidm dupc do ddm ti mi theo phuong phdp vd kich thudc la ldn gidy dupc ke s ^ cdc d Ii cd didn tich xdc dinh. Di$n tich Id ndy dupc su dung dd ddnh gid khd ndng h ^ thu khi toluen ctia timg Ioai cdy.
Khi toluen sau khi tao ra tii dung mdi dupc diy ngay vdo trong budng thi nghidm dd ddt edy. Moi loai edy nghidn ciiu Idp l^i 3 tan vdi ba budng thf nghidm khde nhau trong cimg mpt didu kidn mdi trudng. Sau khi dua toluen vao trong budng thi nghidm, qu^t gid dupc bdt Idn trong 10 phut dd khuly trpn ddu khdng khi trong budng thi nghidm rdi tidn hdnh liy mau khdng khi trong budng thi nghidm dd xac dinh ndng dp toluen tnrdc khi cdy hip thu. Sii dung phuong phdp TO-Ul cua OSHA dd liy m5u. Vdn tde ddng khdng khi di qua dng hip thu ehiia cae bon hoat tinh , la 50 ml/phut, liy mSu trong 10 phut, su dving may ldy mdu khi SKC 222-3.
Thi nghidm ddi chiing: song song vdi qud trinh , nghidn cim trong budng cd cdy, budng tiii nghi^ >
khdng d$t cdy ciing dupc dua khi toluen vao trong va >
thyc hi$n cdc quy trinh nhu ddi vdi budng cd c ^ . nhdm ddnh gid khd ndng tu mit mdt khi toluen trong j qud trinh thi nghidm. Su mit mdt ndy sd dupc hidu chinh vdi so vdi thi nghidm trong budng ed cdy, dd tit dd ddnh gid dupc khd ndng h ^ thu thuc ^ ctia cdy thi nghidm. Moi lodi cSy cung tidn haitii tiii nghidm ddi chiing Idp Igi 3 Idn trong ciing mot didu ki§n. ,
Ihdi gian cho dy tiip xiic vdi khi toluai: ndu)
djt cdy ti-ong budng thi nghidm voi thdi gian nglnj
98
NONG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - Kt 2 - THANG 1/2013KHOA HOC C O N G NOHt
qua sS khdng ttii hiin dupc k h i ning h i p ttiu khi toluen cia nd, ngupe Iji, n i u ttidi gian dii q u i ciy kh6ng stah budng bmh ttiudng dupc. Kit q u i nghien ciiu ttiim dd cho Uily dSt ciy bong budng khi 3 ngay l i phu h(?p. Vi viy, cic Uii nghiim da dugc thuc Win bong 72 gid liin bic, Trong 72 gid nghiSn ciiu ttin hanh liy miu til budng Uii nghiim ra d^ d^h gia khi ning h i p thu khi ciia ciy d hai thdi difa la sau 24 gid vi sau 72 gid.
4. Phuong phip phin tich toluen
Toluen sau khi dupc h i p thu Ifin b i mat cic bon hoat tinh, dupc bio quin v i mang ngay v i phdng thi nghiSm di phin tich theo phuong phip TO-111.
Toluen dupc giai hip phu khdi b i m$t cic bon hoat tinh bing 1,5 ml dung mdi CSj sau dd dupc phin tich tiin miy sic ky khi Master CJC vdi detector ion hda ni!on liia (GC/FID), cjt mao quin DN-5.
Hinh 1, Liy miu khi toluen 5, Phuong phip xt^ ly sd Hiu
Lugng khi toluen cay h i p thu dupc tinh trin mOt don vj diin tich b i m$t l i trong mdt don vj thdi gian theo cdng thiic sau.
,^ ni„=(Hi,-H,^*C,*V/100S(vig/cm^
; Trong dd: 01^^: lupng chit khi toluen m i loii ciy Ih^ (hu dupc qua mpt don vj diin tich b i m$t 11 (cm^ trong budng thi nghiim trong khoing thdi 8ian t (gid) dig/cm"); H„: hiiu suit h i p Uiu toluen oia loii ciy i d ttidi diim t, %; Hfc,: hiiu suit h i p Uiu loluen dbudng ddi chung d ttidi diim t, SI.
« , - , = • i-x 1 0 0 , %
C|.,, Cjc^: ndng dO cda toluen trong budng dit cay 1 v i buong ddi chung d Uidi diim t, pg/m'.
V: Uli tich cda budng ttii nghiim, V • 0,36 m^
S: tdng diin tich b i mit 11 cua ciy bong budng thi nghiim (cm^.
r. - r. 'Vl ' c .
"ic-: = '^"'/"-'x 100,%
cae
C„ Cj, ndng dd toluen trong budng d i t ciy v i buing doi chiing k i tii ngay sau khi hiit khi Iln Uiii
"tt la khdi budng - ndng dp ban diu budc khi ciy ' * * dig/ml.
N6NG NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - K t 2 - THANG 1/2013
Coi, CM^: ndng dO toluen trong budng dit ciy va budng ddi chung ngay sau khi bom formandehyt vio budng, pg/m^;
V,„ Y,i,: Uli tich khdng khi bong budng ttii nghiim d}t ciy v i budng ddi chiing dupc hiit ra d i xic dhih ndng dd toluen (- 0,5*10' m').
•.KfTQUllWHtNCUU
1. Diin biin cic diiu kiin mdi tnidng bong cic budng thi nghiim
Dd im: sau khi d§t ciy vio budng thi nghiim do Ira bong budng thi nghiim se ting nhanh. Vdi trudng hpp dd Im mdi tnidng cd gia tri Uilp nhit trong cac Iln thi nghidm la 65% thi k i tit liic d$t ciy vio cic budng thi nghidm, dp am se ting ldn v i dat 95% sau 2 din 3 gid ddi vdi budng cd dit ciy, Ddi vdi budng thi nghiim khdng dit cay (buong ddi chimg) dp am cflng ting ldn nhung tdc dp cham hon so vdi buong cd dit ciy. Mic dii khdng cd cay nhung dp Im bong cic budng thi nghiim doi chimg van dat din gii til 95% (hmh 2), tuy nhiin Uidi gian d i dat din gii bi nay chim hon so vdi buong thi nghigm cd ciy khoing 30 phiit Nguydn nhin cda viic gia ting dd Im ti-ong cic budng thi nghidm ddi chiing l i mic dii khdng cd ciy nhung cic budng thi nghiem niy van cd cic chiu dung dit cd dp Im nhit dmh. Trong mdi trudng km khdng cd su trao ddi khdng khi vdi bdn ngoii ndn dO Im trong budng thi nghiim vin ting ldn theo thdi gian. Diim ding chii y l i dd Im giiia budng cd ciy v i budng dii chiing chi sau 2,5 din 3,0 gid l i bing nhau v i d i u d?t 95%, Nhu vjy yiu td dp Im giOa budng d | t ciy v i budng ddi chimg 11 biong ddi cin bing nhau n i n khdng anh hudng ding k i din q u i trinh hip Uiu tiong q u i trinh thi nghidm.
Nhiit dd. nhiit dp tixing cic budng Un nghidm cflng dupc ttieo doi bong snot qui binh ttii njjiiim.
Kit q u i cho Uily nhiit d i gifla budng ttii nghiim cd ciy v l budng ttii nghidm ddi chimg khdng cd su khic nhau ding k i . Nhiit dd bong toan bO qui hinh nghiin ciiu ttiay ddi bong khoing ttr 18 din 2 8 ^ .
99
KHOA HQC CdNG f n m r ~
Dlin biin dQ im trong qui trinh thi nghlOm so r~^
ao 1 /
-•-SuAngdjIidy |
• BuinghhAngWcJyl
Th«BlinlMngh4in(gM1
cho phdp ddi vdi khdng khi khu ddn eu cua Vi^t Nam nhung so vdi dd nghi cua BO Y td Canada tiii vdn d dudi ngudng an tokn khi tidp xiic ti-ong tiidi gian ngdn ti^ng binh 8 gid (15 mg/mO va cao hon ngudng an todn khi tidp xiic trong thdi gian ddi 24 gid (2,3 mg/m') (CCOHS, 2008).
Hinh 2. Di£n bidn dO Im d budng ddi chiing vd budng ddt cdy trong qud binh thi nghidm Anh sing, kdt qud do eho thiy dnh sdng d bdn trong cdc budng thi nghidm ludn ed gid tri bdng 95% gid tri dnh sdng bdn ngodi budng thi nghidm.
Kdt qud ndy dupc danh gid Id khdng dnh hudng gi ddn khd ndng quang hpp ciia cde cdy trong qud trinh thi nghidm.
2. Kdt qud phdn tich ndng dd toluen ddu vdo trong cdc budng thi nghidm
Ndng dd toluen ddu vdo trong trong cdc budng thi nghidm xdc dinh dupc ndm trong khodng tir 8 ddn 12 mg/m^. Ndng dp ndy cao hon gidi hgn
Hinh 3. Sdc dd ciia b>luen phAn tich trdn GC/FID 3. KhA ndng hip thu khi toluen ciia mudi lodi cdy bdn dja
Khd ndng hip thu khi toluen trong khoang tiidi gian tidp xuc 72 gid tinh trdn mdt don vi didn tich la dupc ndu trong bang 2.
Bdng 2. Khd ndng hip thu khi toluen cOa mQt sd todi cdy thi nghidm
TT Tin bin djaThiet mpc lan Ngu giabi Cd ndc hoa diu Duong xi Miydd Com nip Ring vi lin Van niin thanh Matcit Kim giao
71?;7 khoa hpc
Dracaena hagrans.
Schefflera heptaphylla (L) Frodin Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze.
Dryopteris /jarasitica.
Costus sfieciosus Sm.
Strobi'lanthes afSm's (Griff.) Y.G. Tang Lindsaea javanensi'sBl.
Dieffenbacbia sp.
Rhapis excelsa CThunb.) Henrry ex Rehd.
Nageia ffeuryl diicWi) de Laub.
K h i ning h i p thu sau 24 gid (pg/cm^
1,3 0,7 0,1 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,0
Khi ning hip thu sau 72 gid (ug/cm^
2,7 1,2 1,0 0,5 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2
Theo kit qui nghiin ciiu ndu trong bing 2 cho
thiy sau 24 gid tiip xuc vdi khi toluen, ba trong mudl loii ciy nghiin ciiu hip ttiu tdt nhit li Thiit mic lan (Dracaena ffagrans, 1,3 \Lg/cm' ), Ngu gia bi (Schefflera heptaphylla (L) Frodm, 0,7 pg/cm") vl Duong xi (Dryopterisparasitica., 0,4 pg/cm^, Sau 72 gid tiip xflc, ba trong mudi loii ciy nghiin cini hip Uiu tdt nhit li: Thiit mOc lan (Dracaena ffagrans, 2,7 pg/cm^, Ngfl gia bi (Schefflera heptaphylla (L)
Frodm, 1,20 pg/cm'^, 06 ndc hoa diu (Curculigo capitijlata (Lour,) Kuntze,, 1,00 pg/cm^. Loii ciy hip thu kim nhit bong mudi loii nghiin ciiu 11 Khn giao, hip thu dupc tii 0 pg/cm' trong 24 gid vi 0,2 pg/cm'' trong 72 gid tiip xuc.
Kit qui nghiin ciiu cflng cho thiy t& di hip thu khi toluen bong 24 gid diu tiip xiic nhanh hon nhiiu trong 72 gid tiip xiic tiip theo trir ciy Cd ndc hoa diu vi Thiit mOc lan.
100
NdNG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRI^N NdNG THdN - KY 2 - T H A N G 1/2013KHOA H p c C 6 N G N G H |
Cdc Ioai cdy lua chpn nghidn ciiu ddu cd tinh tham m? cao ndn ed thd trdng b-ong nhd nhu mdt loai cdy canh, lai cd kha ndng h i p thu dupc khi toluen dpe hai tiong phdng.
' 4. Tinh hinh sinh trudng cua cdc lodi cdy h-ong
"qiiatrinhtiii^ nghidm
Quan sdt bidu hidn/phan img cua cae cdy tiii nghidm trong khoang tiidi gian tiep xiic lidn tiic vdi toluen d mue ndng dd tir 8 ddn 12 mg/m' trong 72 gid cho tiidy cdc cay vdn khdng cd bidu hien khae tiiudng ndo vd hinh tiidi, ehua tiily xuat hidn hidn tupng vang
Duong XI Dryopteris parasitica.
ilueluiuc lan (Dracaena 6-agrans)
Cd noc hoa ddu Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze.
N. KfT LUAI^ T 6 N TAJ VA KHUVBU NGHI 1. Kdt ludn
Ket qua nghidn ciiu budc dau dd xde dinh dupc kha ndng h.s^ thu khi toluen trong didu kidn budng thi tt^dm eua mudi lodi cdy ban dia. Theo dd vdi nong do tiep xue tii 8 -12 mg/m^ trong 72 gid, cde lodi cay nghidn cuu hdp thu dupc tir 0,20 - 2,70 lig/cm^. Kha ndng hap tiiu Idn nhit Id 2,70 pg/cm^
doi voi lodi Thidt mdc Ian (Dracaena 6-agrans) vk thap nhat Id 0,20 pg/cm'' ddi vdi lodi Kim giao (A'^/ajJeuo?(Hickel) deLaub.).
Tdc dp hdp tiiu khi tiiluen trong 24 gid ddu tidp icijc cao hon nhidu so vdi 72 gidr tidp xue lidn h;c tidp then, trfit lodi cdy Cd ndc hoa diu vd Thidt mdc Ian.
2.Tdntgd
I Do gidi ban vd tiidi gian vd kinh phi cho ndn
"rfiien ciiu ndy chua xdc dinh dupc ngudng h ^ thu
Hinh 4. Hinh inh mdt sd lodi edy sau khi thi nghidm 3. Khuydn nghi
Cdn ed nhimg nghidn cihi tidp theo vd khd nang h i p thu vd CO chd hap thu khi toluen cua eae loai cay tiong cdc didu kidn khac nhau. Bdn eanh dd, can nghidn ciiu ky thuat gay trdng, chdm sdc cdc Ioai cdy cd tridn vpng trong h i p thu khi toluen dd tir dd thiie diy kha ndng irng dung edng nghd xu ly d nhidm khi toluen trong phdng bdng cdc Ioai cay ban dia d Vidt Nam.
TAJ UEU THAM KHAO
1. Bd Tdi nguydn vd Mdi tinrdng, 2009. Quy chuin ky tiiu$t qudc gia vd mdt sd chdt ddc h^ trong khdng khi xung quanh.
2. Ld Huy Bd, 2008. Dgc chdt mdi trudng. NXB Khoa hpe Ky tiiudt, Hd Ndi.
3. Canadian Centie for Occupational Health and toluen cho timg lodi cdy, kha ndng h i p tiiu khi to)luen Safety, 2008. Healtii Ejects of Toluene.
v^ cac tiidi gian khde nhau (trong ngdy, gitra cdc 4. http://wvvw.dhs.wisconsin.gov/eh/chenife
^ , cdc tiidng vd cde mua khac nhau). Bdn c?nh /fe/ti)luene.htin. Toluene.
% nghidn ciiu cflng chua tiiii nghidm dupc nhidu 5 htip://wwwJic-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/air
"ong dp toluen khde nhau, chua xdc djnh dupc co /toluene/fact-info-eng.php. Environmental and
«M hip tiiu toluen cua tiing lodi cay tin n g h i ^ . Workplace Healtii.
NC'NG NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - K t 2 - THANG 1/2013 Ipl
^HOA HQC CONG i R » i r
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TOLUENE ABSORBABILnY OF SOME NATIVE PLANTS Phung Van Khoa', Bui Van Nang', Nguyen Thi Bich Hao'
' Vietiiam Forestiy University Summary
This article presents the experimental study results on the gaseous toluene absorbability of tiie ten native plant species of Vietnam. Tlie selected species for this research are all aesthetic and can be planted in the room as ornamental planUs, Including: Dracaena hsgrans, Schefflera heptaphylla (L) Frodin, Dryopteris parasitica, Costus speciosus Sm., Strobilanthes afSnis (Griff.) Y.G. Tang), Lindsaea javanensis BL, Dieffenbacbia ap., Rhapis excelsa CThunb.) Henrry ex Rehd.. Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze., and Nageia Beuryi (}McV.i'\) de Laub. The study was conducted within airtight glass chambers with a dimension of 60 cm X 60 cm X 100 cm. In each research chamber, there is one blower used to equally stir air, and one hygrometer, one thermomcipr, and one hght meter used to monitor the microclimate factors during the experiments. The study results show that, when these plants exposure to the gaseous toluene at the concentration of from 8 mg/m^ to 12 mg/m', after 72 hours of exposal, from 0.20 - 2.70 pg/cm* fleaf area unit) of gaseous toluene were removed by these plants. Three species that are best at removing toluene during the experiments are Dracaena ff-agrans, Schefflera heptaphylla (L) Frodin, and Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze.
Key words: Air pollution, indoor air, indoor plant, native plant, toluene.
Ngudi phin bidn: TS. Vfl T i n Phuong Ngdy nhdn bdi: 26/11/2012 Ngdy tiidng qua phin bidn; 9/01/2013 Ngdy duyet ding: 15/01/2013
i02 N 6 N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRI^N N 6 N G T H 6 N - K t 2 - T H A N G 1/2013
