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NHU CAU VA MONG MUON CUA SINH VIEN VE CAC DICH VU TAI TRlTCfNG DAI HOC VAN HIEN
• v o THUY THANH T A M - HO C A O VIET - M A I TH! H O N G D A O - P H A M PHl/CJNG M A I
T 6 M T A T :
Vdi mtjc dieh tim hieu nhu e^u vil mong muon cua .sinh vien TrUdng Dai hpc Van Hie'n ve cdc dich vu tai tnfOng, nghidn ciJu thirc hien khSo sat 385 sinh vien thugc 4 khoa ldn: Kinh te, Khoa hpc xa h6i vil Nhan vSn, Ngon ngiT va van h6a niT^c ngo^i. Du Hch. K e l qud cho tha'y: 1/2 lifdng sinh vien kh3o sdt c6 nhu cau an tai can-tin tru'dng; 30% sinh vien cd nhu cdu di xe buj't cua trifdng va 40% sinh vien co nhu cau tham gia hoat dpng th6' thao.
Ngoai ra, sinh vien mong muo'n difde tif van lifa chon nganh hpe, mon hpe va gidi Ihi^u vi^c Iam trong khi hge cung nhif sau khi tot nghiep. Do'i vdi trung tam ho trd ngifdi hpc, sinh vi^n mong muon nhan vien nhiet tinh, vui ve, each thu'c dang ky ddn gian va ket quS phue ddp nhanh chdng. Nhdm tac gia cijng difa ra nhO'ng de xua'l khuye'n nghi cho lanh dao nha tnfdng nh^m dap ilng nhu eau va mong muo'n chinh dang cua sinh vien.
Tiy khoa: Nhu eau, mong muo'n, dich vu, sinh vien, dai hgc.
l . D ^ t v a ' n d ^
Da CO nhieu tde gia trong va ngoai nu'dc nghien ct?u ve nhu eau vii mong mud'n eua sinh vien dai hgc (Negovan va Bogdan. 2013; Andreea-Laura.
3013;Chircu, 2014; Nguydn T h i K i m Dung. 2013:
U i Vu Kim va cpng sU. 2016). Dieu do chu'ng td.
''^\ la \:in de du'de quan tam trong xa hgi ndi chung va Irong cac tru'dng dai hpe not rieng.
Tnfftng Dai hpe Van Hie'n ( V H U ) , luy mdi nam liep don hang nghin sinh \ i e n m d i nhap hpc nhifng difa tr6n so lieu thd'ng ke cua Phdng dao tao V H U .
ty le sinh vien bo hoc cung ti/Ong doi eao, dao ddng irong khoang 10 - 15% mdi nam. Sif gia tang sd' Ufdng sinh vien da keo theo nhu cau tang cifdng va giam sat cha'l lifdng cua in/dng nhSm giu'chan cac ban dang theo hpc cung nhu lao sif truyen mieng.
ihu hiil lifdng sinh vien mdi.
Trong nghien cifu cua Saleem va cdng sU (2017), cd hai diem quan trong khi dd cap de'n chat kfdng cua mot trifdng dai hoc la chat lifdng dao tao va cha'l lifdng dich \ u . Cha't lu'dng diio lao nhan manh vao ket qua hpc tap Irong khi chii't lifOng dich
TAP HI com n m i
\u lap trung \aocac mang dich vu difdc trien khai Idl tnrdng. Do dd. nghien cii'u "Nhu cau \a mong mudn cQa sinh \ien \ e cac dich vu tai tnfdng Dai hgc Van Hien" da du'de thifc hien. Tif ket qua nghien cii'u, nhdm tae gia du'a ra de xua'l kie'n nghj de'n Ban lanh dao tnfdng nhSm dap u'ng nhu cau va mong muo'n chinh dang cua sinh vien.
Theo Koller (2000). nhu cau la cam gidc ihieu hul mot thu' gi dd ma con ngifdi cam nhan difdc.
cdn mong muo'n lii sif ao u'dc hoae khat khao cd du'de mot thiJcu the de thoa man nhu cau. Nghien Clfu gidi han tim hieu nhu cau va mong mud'n cua sinh vien ve can-tin, \e buyt cua tru'dng. cdc hoal dgng the ihao cung nhu" sU hd Ird eua nha infdng trong qua trinh hgc lap.
2, Phifdng phap nghien cvtu
Difa tren nen lang eua ed sd ly thuyel ve nhu cau va mong muo'n ciia sinh vien dai hge. nhdm tac gia ihife hien nghien ciJu sd bp bdng phifdng phap dinh tinh. Cu the, thao luan chu> en gia vdi 4 giang Men \a chuyen \ien da cpng lac 5 nam tai Tru'dng theo bang eau hdi ban ca'u tnic \a thao luijn \di 4 nhdm sinh vien iren mgl dan bai soan sSn de khai thac eac van de \ung quanh de iai. Tif dd. hinh thanh nen bang ciiu hdi. Nhdm da tie'n hanh khao sat trifc tie'p 10 sinh vien nhdm dieu chinh hinh thu'c bang hdi va cau tif trong npi dung de giup ddp vien hieu rd hdn \ e bang hdi. Giai doan ke tie'p la tnen khai phat phieu khao sit de'n cdc ldp hpe phan.
Tong so' ciiu hdi cua nghien cii'u la 56. Theo Hair ei al. (2009). dieu kien can thie't de dam bao kiem tra va thd'ng ke la cd il nha'l 5 quan sat cho mdi bien. Dodd. mau td'i thieu eua nghien ciJu nay la n = 56 * 5 = 280 quan sat. Vdi mong muo'n tang tinh dai dien eho tong the \a loai tri^ eac phie'u khdng hdp le. td'ng cgng ed 420 bang cau hdi da difdc giYi den sinh vien.
Phu'dng phdp lay mau chi tieu thuan lien. Caeh chgn mau du'a tren ty le: 1:2:2:3 tifdng u'ng vdi tong sd' sinh \ien cac khoa: Khoa hpe \u hdi va Nhan
\an; Du lich; Ngdn ngu' \a \an hda nu'dc ngoai;
Kmh te. Cae ldp hoc phan difdc chpn ngdu nhien de lien hanh khao sal.
Tung sd phieu khao s;ii nhan \ e la 392 phie'u.
Sau khi ma hda \a lam sach dif lieu, tong sd'phie'u
hdp le cd difdc la 385. dap iJng > <" u cau vc kich thifde miu. Cac ket qud difdc ton;: hdp va phan lich bang phiin mem SPSS de thd'ng ke md td nhu c^u cua ddp vidn. Phdn lich mode de xdc dinh nhu'ng gia tri xuii't hien nhieu nha't ddi vdi mong mud'n eua sinh vien va kiem dinb Chi-square de tim hid'u SI/ khac biet ve nhu cau giifa nam sinh vh nif sinh, nam vao hpc va eac khoa.
3. K&'t qua va thao Iufln
3.1. Nha cdu vd mong mud'n ve cdn tin Khi tra Idi cho cau hdi: "Ban cd nhu eau an d can-tin tnfdng khdng'?", ty le thu ve la 50,\9r - 49,9% cho cau tra Idi Cd - Khdng. De hieu rd hdn lieu cd ton tai si/khde biel ve nhu cau an tai cdn- tin cua smh v ien nam va nif, cac khda va eae khoa hay khdng, kiem dinh Chi-square difdc thifc hi^n.
(Bang I)
Bang 1. Kef qud kiem djnh chi binh phUdng ve nhu cau an d cdn tin theo gidi tinh,
ndm vdo hoc vd cac khoa
Gi6i tinh
Nam vao ilQC
Ktioa
I
Chi-square df Sig.
Chi-square df Sig.
Chi-square df Sig.
Nhu cSu an d can tin 1,231
1 0,267 4,832 3 0,184 2,942
3 1 0,401
T vi6n nam vil Difa Iheo kgt qua 6 Bang I. p-value (sig.) cua 3 bien- Gidi tinh. Nam vao hoc vi, Khoa d^u ldn hdn a = I, 05. Co the' ket luan. Ichong c6 si/ IchSc biet ve Nhu cau and cSn-lin giifa sinh v ni?. nam vao hpc va ichoa hoc
D6-, vdi mtfc dp mong mu™ yi ,a„.,i ,j„h vien mong muon nhal la: CSn-.in thong ihoSng mat me; thi/c pham dim bao ^0 .,„h, ,„ ,„=,„. „„j„
Vien nhiet tinh, \ui ve (Bang 2i
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Bang 2. Miic do mong tnuon dd'i vdi cdn-tin tri/dng
i!
1Can tin thong thoang, matmd
nhl^ttlnh.
Sfi lupng Sinh vi6n Gta tn xuat
; hi$fi nhilu ntiSt (Mode)
Phue Thdi gian hoat vu dOng theo gid hpc nhanh cua ban (sang - chong chieu - toi)
Thuc don Thuc pham phong phu, dam bao v$
da dang sinh, an moi ngay , toan
Gia canh tranh vdi cac hang quan gan trudng
3.2. Nhu cau va mong muo'n ve xe buyt IrU&itg
Vdi y dinh tao them sif ihuan Idi eho sinh vifin. gidm ihieu lifdng xe mdy, cau hdi "Ban c6 nhu c^u difdc di xe buyt cua tru'dng" difdc dj^l ra. Tuy nhien, chi cd 28,6% sinh vien ed nhu cau di xe buyt. Dd'i tifOng cd nhu cau di xcbu;ft tnfdng chti yeu la sinh vien nam ihiJ nhS'l vi nam thu' hai vdi ty le "Cd - Khdng"
lan lif(?l la 3.^,6 - fi4.4. 30,8 - 69,2 (Bang 3).
tX) !.inh vien ndm thit nha't, nam tht? hai cdn I? difdng va trifdng ed nhi^u dia diem giang dfly. ndn viec di chuyen bang xe buyt tru'dng khien cdc ban cam tha'y an tam hdn. Bang 3 ciing cho tha'y, ty le sinh vien nff cd nhu cau dixe buyt chie'm gan 1/3 tren long sd'nif sinh trong khi cdc nam sinh cd xu hifdng tif chay
^e (Bang 3)
Khi du'de phdng va'n ve miJc do ifu tien dd'i vdi \c buyt trifdng thi lieu cbi thu'dng du'de cic ban sinh vien chpn hang dau !a \ e buyl phai hien dai. mdt me \ a dac biet la can phai an loan. Ke ticp, cac ban mong mud'n cd nhieu iu\en xe bu\'t de dap ifng Ihdi gian lipc.Tai \e vui \c hoae gid ve chifa difde cac h?ndeiamnen van dang xep vj tri cud'i bang iftitien(Bang4).
3.3. Nhu eau vd mong mudn ve cde hogt
^ng the thao
•13.1""r sinh vien cd nhu cau iham gia tKBtdpng the thao. Trong dd. cd sif khae
Bang 3. Nhu c a u di x e b u y t trifdng c u o sinh v i e n p h d n t h e o g i d i tinh,
n d m v d o h o c v d k h o a Nhu cau di xe buyt trudng
Cd I Khong
GiOi tinh
Nam vao hpc
Khoa Nam NO 2015 2016 2017 2018 Kmh te Du iich Khoa hpc xa hoi va Nhan van
Ngon ngO va van hoa nuoe ngoai
Ty 1$ theo hang{%)
22.6
-
30,8 27,8 19.8 30.8 35.6 29,4 25,9
20,9
33.3
Ty l§ theo hang{%) 77,4 69,2 72,2 80,2 69,2 644 70,6 74,1
79,1
66,7
TAPCliCJillGTIirONG
Sd lupng smh vien Gia tri xuat hien nhieu nhat (Mode)
385
Bong 4. Mifc d p itu tien v l m o n g m u o n x e b u y t t r u d n g Xe buyt TaJ xe vui ve,
hi$nd^, nhi$tflnh,than Ant mat me thi^n
385
Cd nhieu tuyen xe ; Gia ve bang mdc buyt d ^ dap dng ttidi . gia cua xe buyt
gian hpc cua ban ' cdng cOng
385 385
biet vc gidi tinh (Sig. = 0.00 < 0.05) va nam vao hoc (Sig- = 0.037 < 0.051 (Bang 5 ). Chifa ed bdng chd'ng cho ihay anh hudng cua khoa de'n nhu cau tham gia the ihao lai trifdng cua sinh Mcn iSig. - 0.169 > 0.05) (Bang 6).
Bdng 5. Nhu c a u t h a m g i a h o q t d p n g the t h a o
Co Khong
"long cpng
Tansd 166 219 385
ryl«(%) 43.1 56.9 100
Bdng 6. Ket q u d k i e m djnh chi binh p h i / d n g Nhu c d u t h a m g i o hoqt d p n g the t h a o t h e o
g i d i tinh, n d m v d o h p c v d k h o a
Gioi tinh
Nam vao hpc
Khoa
Chi-square dl Sig.
Chi-square df Sig.
Chi-square dl Sig
Nhu cau tham gia hoat dOng the thao
17,768 1 0.000- 8,507 3 0,037- 5 040 3 0,169
Cac hoat ddng the due the thao sinh \ i c n mong mud'n tham gia la: Cau Idng (25.S'/('). Bdi lgi (17.1%). V d thuat ( I 1.9%), Bdng ehuyen (9.7'";).
3.4. Mong muo'n ve sii ho tri/ ngiiifi hgc I/u tten hang dau eiia sinh vien lii difde tif va'n lifa chgn nganh hoc. mdn hoc. Song song vdi dd la mong muo'n du'de gidi thieu vice ldm ngay tif luc ngoi tren ghe nhd Irifdng de'n khi td't nghidp.
Sinh vicn chu'a nghi de'n tif van lam !y hay gidi thieu hgc bd'ng nu'dc ngoai (Bang 7).
D d i \ d i trung lam ho trd ngu'di hgc, sinh vien ddi u'u ticn: Thif nha't Id, nhan vien can nhiet t)nh.
vui v e ; T h d hai la. edch thd'c ddng ky ddn gian de dang: T h d ba l a , ke'i qua phue ddp nhanh chdng. Mong mudn ve sif g i d m sat chdl che tif Ban gidm hieu nha irifdng ve va'n de djch vu sinh vien hien dang xe'p vi tri cud'i bang (Bang 8).
5. Ke't l u a n vd kie'n nghj
Ben canh chd't lu'dng dao tao, cha't lu'dng dich vu cung ddng vai trd quan trgng trong viec nang cao chat lifdng eiia mdt tru'dng dai hpc nhdm thda man, giif chan sinh vien va tao hieu ifng truyen mieng. thu hui cac the be m d i . Dua tren ke't qua thu th^p difdc. nhdm nghien ciJu du'a ra cac de xua't.
^ Ve cdn-tin tritimg: Trong thdi gian t d i , cdn-tin can da dang mdn an theo b u o i , ngay, tuan phu hdp vdt sd thich dn udng cua sinh v i e n . Ben canh do. Ihifc pham can dam bdo ngudn -jnc. cac khau ehe bien cdn luan ihu nguyen ta'c an loan va ve smh. I b i r Ihe nu'a. nhan vien phue vu can lich sif.
VUI ve va nh,c: vmh. Ngodi ra. cdn-tin nen td' chi?c them nhicu chUdng irinh kich cdu nhu gidm gid g.d vang. gid combo . h o dd, nhdin kct hdp iruydn
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Bang 7. Vdn d e mong muon di/dc ho trd
S6lii0ngsinhvi6n
Gia tn xud't hien nhieu nhat (Mode)
S5 tiling I sinhviSn Gia tr| xuat hi^n nhlSu : nhSt(Mode)
Dupe tu van lua chpn nganh hpc, mOTihoc
385
Dupe tu van i Dupe gidl thi$u tamly vi^clam
Dupe gidl thi$u cac suat hpc b6ng du hpc
nudc ngoai
Bdng 8. Mong muo'n doi vdi djch vu sinh vien NhSn vien
nhi$tt1nh, vulvd
Caeh thdc ddng ky ddn giSn, dCdang
Ket qua phue dap
nhanh chdng
ChUdng trinh hd'trp mang tfnh thiet thue
ChUdng trinh hd"
tn? dupe c$p nh$t phu hop nhu cSu ciia sinh vien
385 385
385
Cd sM giam sat ch$t ehe til Ban gidm
hl$u 385
thdng quang bd rdng rai hdn de xay difng ddi ngu khdch hang trung thanh.
IV U' btiyi trifdng: Tru'dng nen md lai tuyen xe buyt chdt lupng cao va i?ng dung cdng nghe so' nhu Grab de sinh viened the cap nhat difde thdi gian di chuyd'n cua xe buyt va de'n ndi ddo dung gid. Dieu niy vtfa the hien sU van minh, vifa giup cho sinh
\ ien cii lhe siJr dung td'i Uu thdi gian ranh vao viec dpc -Sdch. hpc lap hay thu gian. Khdng nha't thie't phai mien phi gid ve ma TrUdng ed the trd gid cho sinh vicn \ di cac mii'c gid hdp ly de ndng cao cha'l lifi?ngdich vu.
\i- boat dgng the thao: Cac hoal dgng the due the thao la hoat ddng nang cao the cha't guip sinh Men c6 sii'c khde de hpc tap td't. Dc xua't td chu'c c^c giai lhi da'u the thao giifa sinh vien cac khoa va sinh vien cac tnfdng. chii trgng vao ede bg mdn nhU eau Idng, vd thuat, bdng chuyen - nhiJng mdn m/fing cd the to' ehdc. Trong tddng lai sap tdi. khi chuyen qua cd sd mdi. trddng nen danh mpl khoang
^udd' xdy difng khu the' thao phu'c hdp va khuyen wifch linh than ren luyen the' thao cua sinh \ icn.
Ve Slf hd trd ngUdi hgc: Nhdm giam bdi cac thu
"JC. tao su nhanh chdng \ a thoa i ma i nhat eho sinh
vien, nha IrUdng can bd'sung tinh ndng ddng ky hd trd true luye'n tren cd'ng portal, kem theo dd la hien lhi bang iheo ddi tie'n do giai quye't va'n de dc sinh vien \a cae bd phan lien quan cd the Iruy cap va xu" ly td'i hdn, giup giam thieu cdng lac gia'y id iai Irung tam hd irdngudi hoc cung nhU sif chd ddi cua sinh \ ien. Ben canh do, can ddn gian hda mot so' ihu tuc khdng can thie'l khi xay ra loi hodc sai sdt khdng phai eua sinh vien. Bp phan hd Ird sinh vien la ndi tiep xiic vdi smh vien nhieu nhal nen lao thien cam vdi edc ban Ihdng qua thai do vui ve.
Irach nhiem va ehuyen nghiep.
6. Gidi han cua de tai va hu'dng nghien cifu tie'p theo
Do ed mau thu ihap gdm 385 sinh vien, chiem khoang 39c td'ng so' sinh vien dang theo hgc iai IrUdng nen ke't qua nghien cdu ehUa that sif ed the mang tinh dai dien cho long the\ V"i vay, cdn ed cac ntihien cdu iiep Iheo vdi cd mau ldn hdn va Irai deu 7 khoa hien cd de cd the nam bat he'l nhu cau eiia sinh vien
Mni Ihe'he sinh vien ed nhu'ng dde die'm tdm sinh Iv khac nhau. phu ihudc vao sif Ihay doi cua cdng nghe. eua kinh le. ddi sd'ng van hda, Dodd.
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TAP c i i CONfi TltfdNG
de lai nhu cau va mong mud'n cQa sinh vien van cd the dUa ra nhiTng chinh sach. phUdng an mdi nen ticp IUC thUc hien dmh k\ khicd sU chuyen ihay the'nhdmthoa mdn nhu cau v.! mong mudn bien rd rdi ve cdc dac die'm cua sinh vien nhdm cua ngUdi hgc, tdng them uv iin, hinh anh thUdng cap nhat sdm nha't nhffng nhu cau va mong mudn hieu. gdp phan tdng sU canh tranh trong mdi mdi phat sinh cua cac ban. Tif dd. ban lanh dao trUdng gido due dao tao •
TAIMKl T H \ M K H . \ 0 :
1. Andrcca-Laura. B. (20!.^), Psvchu-cducdiional needs ai sludenls and lhe ability oras.suming them, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 76, pp. 4S6 - 490.
2. Chircu. .S, (2014). Cjrcer counseling ncciis for students - a cnniparaiive siudy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sr/V/Jfo. 127. pp. 549-553
.V Hair. J. F.. Black. W C . Babin. B. } . .^ Andcrsim. R. E. (Eds.). (2009). Multivariate data analysis: Upper SaddteRixei.NI.US Preniice Hall.
4.1.ai VO Kim. Pham Thi PhUdng Thao. Dang DUc Nhu. Nizuyui Trpng Tai (2016). Dinh hudng ngh^ nghipp, nhu cau hoc lap va mong mudn ndi lam vice sju idi nghiep cua hpc sinh. sinh vicn tnfdng Cao dang Y le Hd Nam, Tgp chi Ybcic chf phong. 5. ir. 91 - 95.
5. Maslow. A H. (1943). A theory of human moiivalion Pwchologieal review. 50(4), 370 - 396.
6. Ni,-gii\.ui. v., A; Bogdan. C (2013). Learning ConlcM and Undcrgraduaie Sludents" Needs for Autonomy and Coinpctencc. Achievement Moiivjiiun and Personal Growlh Iniliaiivc, Procedia. ScK-iat and Behavioral Sciences, l^.ym-MU DOI: 10.l016/j,sb'.pro.2013.04.299.
7. XiiuvL-n Thi Kim Dung (2013) N'lihiOn ci'fu nhu cau ihung lin cua sinh vicn Dai hoc Khoa hgc Xa hgi va Nhiin van Hii •SCn.Tap cbi Thit vien Viel Nam. J.U-.31 - 3 5 .
S Kotler. P (2(KM) i. Mnon; nguyen ly liep lhi lai ban ldn 2. Nha xuat ban Tho'ng ke, Hd Noi.
9 Saleem. S S.. Mn..v.i. N.. Imam. A . \ Khan. R. S. (2017). Sei^ice Qualiiy and Student Sausfaclion: The Moderating Role of fmversUv Cullure. Repulalion and Price m Educalion Sector of Pakistan. Iranian Journal of Moihi>:enieni Studies. 10( 11.237 - 258
Ngav nhdn bai: 15/4/2020
Ngav phan bi^n danh gia va su'a chffa: 24/4/2020 Ngay cha'p nhan dang bai: 4/5/2020
Thdnglintdcgid:
ThS.VOTHlA T H \ N H T \ M IS. HO CAO VIpT ThS.NUITHIHONtiDAO T h S . P H . \ M P H 1 0 N ( ; M V I Trddng Dai hpc Van Hie'n
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NEEDS AND DESIRES OF STUDENTS FOR SERVICES ORGANIZED
BY VAN HIEN UNIVERSITY
• Master. VO THUY THANH TAM
• Ph.D HO CAO VIET
• Master. MAI THI HONG DAO
• Master. PHAM THI PHUONG MAI Van Hien University
ABSTRACT:
This study was conducted by interviewing 385 students from four major faculties, including Economics, Social Sciences and Humanities, Foreign Languages and Culture, and Tourism at Van Hien University in order to understanding the needs and desires of students for the university's services. This study's results showed that surveyed students have the needs for some services organized by the univeristy including cartering ai the school's canteen (50%), using the school bus (30%) and sports activities (40%).
!n addition, surveyed students have the needs for advice about ehoo.sing majors, courses and references for job placement during and after their graduation. For about the university's student support center, surveyed students expect the staff be enthusiastic with quick responses and simple service registration. This study also makes recommendations to school leaders to meet the legitimate needs and desires of students.
Keywords: Needs, desire, services, sUidents, university.
