NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO DOI
O a m BAO TOAN UEN OO UEU TRONG HOAT DONG THU UlEN DIEN TUT
ThS Nguyen Vdn Hl$p, ThS NguySn T^n Cong Trudng Bai tioc KHXH&NV, Tp. Ho CtiiMinti
Tom tit: Trinh bay khii quit ve an toin bio m$t thdng tin, an toan bio mit thdng tin trong hoat dong thu vi$n dien ft>. Gidi thieu ham bSm (hash), cac Ong dung cOa ham bam trong viec dim bio toin v^n dQ iieu vi vi$c Ong dyng thuit toan niy trong hoat dong thO vien dien tO.
Takhoa: An to^n bio mat thdng tin; thU vi6n di^n td.
Ensuring data integrity In e-library
Abstract: The article provides overview of information security, information security in e-library activities. It introduces hash and its application in ensuring data integrity and in e-library activities.
Keywords: Information security; e-library.
1. Ldi noi dau
Hoat dpng thdng tin-thu vien (TT-TV) Vidt Nam ndi chung va thu vien dien td ndi ridng dang trong qud trinh phat triln mgnh me, hoan thign va nang cao chdt lUdng d l hda nhap vdi the gidi. Thu vien ngay mpt dap Qng tdt hdn nhu cau cOa ngadi sQ dung. Ngay nay, de tham khao mdt cudn sach, giao trinh, hay mdt cudn ludn van, luan an,.., ngadi sd dung khdng nhat thidt phai den true tidp thU vidn, ma chi can ngoi tgi nha hogc bdt ky noi nao, thdng qua kdt ndi Internet da cd t h i sd dyng dUde cdc tai lieu nay mdt each nhanh chdng va de dang. De iam dagc didu dd cac thU vidn dd khdng ngUng n5 luc trong viec hoan thien CO sd vgt chat, trang thiet bj, cdng nghd hay xdy dyng eho minh cac bg sau tap tai li^u sd npi sinh nham phue vu tdt nhat cho ngudi SLf dung.
Tuy nhien, viec md rdng khci ndng truy cgp cung dUa tdi nhieu thaeh thUc ddi vdi cac cd quan TT-TV, nhU: van de blin quydn, quyen tac giS, van de phan cap, phdn quydn ngudi sCt dung, van de kmh phf, dudng truydn... dac bidt la vdn dd dam bao an todn thdng tin trade nguy cd tdn cdng tQ cac ddi tupng xau, trong dd van dd dam bao toan ven dQ lipu, ngan ngda viec sda ddi ndi dung thdng tin daoc ddt Idn hang dau.
Toan ven dQ lidu trong hoat ddng thU vien la vide dam bao cac file dQ lieu khdng bj thay ddi trong qua trinh lau trQ, chuyin giao va sQ dung. De dam bho dO lieu dUdc toan ven ngUdi ta cd t h i sQ dung nhidu each khac nhau, trong dd each iam dapc coi la tdi Uu nhat la sCf dung cac mo hinh mgt ma mdt ehieu (One Way Hash cripto system) d l tfnh gid trj bam (Message THONG TIN VATU Ulu-6/2017 j11
NGHIEN ClJfU - TRAO BOI Digest-MD) cda van b^n. Gia trj bam nay dUdc eoi nhu "dau tay" eCia van ban. Mdi van ban cd mgt MD duy nhat. Hai van ban khae nhau du chT 1 bit cQng sd cho hai MD khac nhau. Daa vao tfnh chdt nay ngUdi ta dung MD de kilm tra tfnh toan ven cda dQ lidu. Tfnh toan ven Id mdt thupc tinh rat quan trpng ddi vdi hd thdng thdng tin (HTTT) ndi ehung va HTTT thU vidn ndi rieng. Nd dam bao tfnh chinh xac, khdng thay ddi eua dQ ligu trong mpi tinh hudng.
Ddy la each lam khdng mdi ddi vdi rat nhieu ITnh vac khae nhau trong cudc sdng ngay nay nhU giao djch di^n td, ngdn hang, qudn su,... Tuy nhidn. nd cdn kha mdi md trong hoat ddng cda cac ed quan TT-TV, va trong bdi canh hidn nay, vide ap dung ham bam (Hash) trong hoat ddng cac thU vien didn td la vide ldm vd cung can thidt.
2. An toan thong tin trong thU vien d i i n tijf
2.1. Khai niem an toan thong tin
Cdng nghe thdng tin va truyen thdng ngay cdng phat triln, nhQng khai niem nhU: an ninh mang, bao mat, an toan thdng tin,,., khdng cdn xa Ig doi vdi moi chung ta.
An toan thdng tin (ATTT) gid day khdng chl cdn la mdi quan tam eua cac edng ty, td ChQc lidn quan ddn tai chfnh, ngdn hang ma nd cung la mdi quan tam cua cac thU vign.
Dae biet la cae thU vidn didn td, thU vien sd
^0i ma cac hogt ddng tha vien dang dan 3ugc ta ddng hda, mue luc truyen thdng JUde thay thd bang muc luc dien tQ, cung /di dd la cac dieh vu true tuydn dUa trdn veb dugc cung cdp cho ngudi sd dung.
Thdng tin cd t h i tdn tai dudi nhieu dgng.
rhdng tin cd t h i duoc in hogc dupe viet tren
giay, dupc lau trQ dudi dang didn ti) ntii;
cdc thU vign hien nay dang thac hi§n, dugi;
trinh didn trdn cac bd phim, ho§c duocnoi trdn cac cudc ddm thogi. Nhung cho dti tfin tgi dudi dang ndo di chang nQa, thdng tin dupe dUa ra vdi hai muc dfeh chfnh la chia sd va lau trQ, nd ludn can sa b&c ve thfch hgp. Vgy an toan thdng tin la gi?
An toan thdng tin bao gdm cac hog!
dgng qu^n ly, nghidp vu va ky thuat dfii vdi HTTT nham bdo vd, khdi phuc cach^
thdng, cdc djch vu va ndi dung thdng tir ddi vdi nguy co tU nhien hoae do con ngi/ffi gay ra. Vide b^o vd thdng tin, tai sSn va con ngadi trong HTTT nham bao dam cho cac he thong thUc hign dung chdc nang, phuc vy dung ddi tUdng mdt each sin sang, chfnh xdc va tin egy. An toan thong tin bao ham cae ngi dung bao ve va bk mat thdng tin, an toan dQ lieu, an toan mSy tfnh va an toan mang [1].
Theo ISO 17799/27001 [6], ATTT la kha nang bao ve ddi vdi mdi tradng thong tin kinh td xd hpi, d^m b^o cho vide hinh thanh, sd dung va phdt trien vi lgi fch cua mpi cdng ddn, mgi td chdc va cDa qufic gia. Thdng qua cac ehinh sach ve ATTT, lanh dgo t h i hien y chi va nang lUc ciia minh trong vide quan 1^ HTTT. ATTT dUiJc xay dung trdn nen tang mgt hd thdng cac chfnh sach, quy tac, quy trinh va cac gi^
phap ky thugt nh^m muc dfch dam bio an toan tai nguyen thdng tin ma td chQc dd sfl hQu cung nhU cac tdi nguyen thdng tin ciia cac ddi tac, cac khach hang trong mpt moi tradng thdng tin toan cdu.
An toan thong tin la sa duy tri tfnh hko mat, tfnh todn vgn va tfnh san sang cOa thdng tin; ngoai ra cdn cd the bao ham m6t
NGHIEN c a u - TRAO DOI i tfnh chdt khac nhU tfnh xdc thUc, kilm
at dUdc, khdng tQ chdi va tin cay [3].
2.2. Cac muc tieu cd bin cua an toan ong tin trong thU vien 0i$n tit
Nhu Chung ta deu bidt. ddi vdi cac co lan TT-TV, thdng tin/dQ lidu ddng mdt vai ) hdt sQc quan trpng, chung anh hudng /c tiep tdi su tdn tgi va phat trien cua cac U vien. Vi vay, vide bao mgt nhOng thdng I vd dQ lieu la didu vd cung can thiet, nhat trong bdi canh hien nay khi cac HTTT U vien ngay cang dUdc md rgng ve quy 6 va kha ndng truy cap.
Khi phan tfch mot he thdng bao mat, lung ta can xuat phat td nhQng tfnh ehdt J ban cda ATTT. Cd vung dQ lieu yeu cdu ih bao mitcua thdng tin, cd vung dQ lieu in tfnh toan ven, tat ca cac dQ lidu dd deu iai dupc dap Qng khi yeu cau dd Id tinh in sang cda he thdng. Trong dd:
- Tfnh bao mat (confidentiality): dam
\o thdng tin chi dUdc truy cgp bdi ngudi jng hdp phap. Gl^m thilu tdi da mgi hanh an cap, khai thac thong tin bdt hdp phap.
- Tfnh san sang (availability): dam bao lOng ngUdi dung hop phap mdi dupe truy ip cac thdng tin vd tai sdn lidn quan khi ) yeu cau. Hd thdng can dUdc san sang luc vu va dQng vQng trudc mgi rdi ro lach quan vd chu quan [7].
- Tfnh toan ven (integrity): bdo ve tfnh linh xac, day dij cua thdng tin cung nhU ic phUdng phap xd ly. Ngan ngda cdc inh vi sda ddi, gia mgo thdng tin
2.2.1. Tfnh bao mat
DQ lieu trong HTTT cda tha vidn dien td t da dgng, chung khac nhau vd ndi dung.
muc dfch va ddi tUdng sddung. Xet ve khfa cgnh ATTT, cac thdng tin trdn cdn dupc phan cap theo mQc do bao mat, nhU: thdng tin dung ehung (public), cac thdng tin dung ridng cho mgt sd ddi tupng (private) va thdng tin mat (secret)- nhQng thdng tin, hd sd chua dupe bach hda.
D I dam bao tfnh bao mat cda thdng tin, ngoai vide phdn cap bao mat thdng tin, ngadi ta sd dung cac hd thdng mat ma ddi xdng va bat ddi xUng d l ma hda thdng tin. Tuy theo mdc dp mat va mdi trudng sd dung thdng tin, ta cd the sd dung cdc thugt toan mat ma phu hpp. Hien nay trong cae he dieu hanh, nhU: WINDOWS, LINUX cd tfch hpp san cac cdng ey mat ma nhU:
DES, 3DES, RSA.... Ngodi ra, ta cung cd the xay dQng cac phan mem mat ma dung rieng, phue vu nhu edu cda tdng thU vidn.
Tfnh mat cua thdng tin dugc dai didn bdi quydn READ (dpe).
2.2.2. Tfnh san sang
Kha nang ddp Qng thdng tin la dieu rat quan trgng, dieu ndy t h i hien tfnh san sang phuc vu cua cac djch vu. Kha nang dap Qng eua hd thdng chju anh hadng bdi kha nhieu thanh phdn nhU phan cdng, phdn mdm hay hd thdng Backup.
Kha nang dap dng eda he thdng can dagc tinh den daa trdn sd ngUdi truy cap va mdc dg quan trong cua dQ lieu.
2.2.3. Tfnh Toan ven
Tfnh toan ven dQ lieu trade hdt lidn quan den an ninh vat ly. Neu cdc thidt bi vdt ly nay bj hu hdng thi tfnh toan ven cua tha vidn didn td se bj phd hdy. Tidp theo la viec dam bao an toan phdn mem, ta bidt rang hogt dpng cda HTTT thU vien deu dupc xay
NGHIEN cufu - TRAO DOI
dUng tren cac phan mem hg thdng, ndu hd thdng bj nhiem virus, tai lieu bj phd hdy thi tinh toan ven cua HTTT thU vidn didn td cung bj phd huy. Bdn canh dd, can quan tam tdi cac vdn dd phdng chdng sU pha hogi cda cac hacker ddi vdi he thdng va trong bai vidt ndy, tae gia eh? de cap tdi vide chdng lai su phd hoai cda cdc hacker ddi vdi cac dQ lidu trong tha vien dien td.
Tfnh toan ven la mgt thugc tfnh rat quan trpng doi vdi cdc HTTT ndi chung vd HTTT thu vidn ndi ridng. Nd ddm bao tfnh chfnh xac, khdng thay ddi cda dQ lieu trong mpi tinh hudng.
Tinh toan ven c^a thdng tin dugc dai dign dgc trUng bdi quydn sda ddi. Vd nhU da ndi d phdn trdn, d l dam bio tfnh todn ven phUPng phap dUdc sd dyng phd bidn nhat dd la sd dyng cac md hinh mat ma mdt chieu (One Way Hash cripto system) d l tfnh MD cua van bdn.
3. Ham bam va dng dung 3.1. Khai niem ham bam
Ham bam (Hash) la thuat toan dung d l
"tdm tat" (bam) tai lidu, ban tin hogc thdng diep va cho kdt qua la mot gia tri "bam"
cd kfeh thude cd djnh. Gia tri bam nay cdn dUde ggi la "dai dien tai lieu", "dai didn ban tin" hay "dai dien thdng digp" [6].
Ham bam la ham mgt chieu ma ndu dua mpt lupng dQ lieu bat ky qua ham nay se cho ra mgt ehu6i cd dp dai cd djnh d ddu ra.
3.2. Tinh chat cd bin cija ham bam
• Tinh mot chiSu: khdng t h i suy ra dQ lieu ban dau tU ket qud, didu nay taong tu nhu viec ban khdng the chi
dQa vao mdt ddu van tay Ig ma suy ra ai la chD cua nd dapc.
• Tinh duy nhat xac suat d l cd mpt vu va chgm (hash collision), tdc la hai thdng diep khdc nhau cd cung mgt ket qua hash Id cyc ky nhd.
3.3. Cac Ong dung cOa ham bam
' Xac thuc mat khiu: Mat khau thadng khdng dUde lUu dadi dgng van b^n ro (clear text), md d dang tdm tat. D l xdc thuc mpt ngudi dung, mat khiu do ngudi dd nhap vdo dUdc bam ra bang ham Hash va so sanh vdi ket qua bam dUdc luu trQ.
• Xac thdc thong diep (Message authentication-Thdng diep torn tat- message digests): G'la tri ddu vao (tin nhdn, dQ lidu...) bj thay doi taong dng gia trj bam cung bj thay ddi. Do vdy, neu mdt ke tdn cdng phd hoai, ch?nh sda dd lieu thi server cd the biet ngay lap tdc.
• Bio v$ tfnh toan ven cOa tap tin, thong di§p duac gOi qua m^ng: Ham bam mat ma cd tfnh chat la hdm mdt chieu. TQ khdi dQ lieu hay gid tri dau vao chl ed t h i dUa ra mgt gid tri bam duy nhdt. NhU chdng ta da bidt ddi vdi tfnh chat eua ham mgt chieu, mdt ngUdi nao dd du bat dapc gia trj bam hg cung khdng the suy ngUpc Igi gid tri, dogn tin nhan bam khdi diem. Vi du, vide xdc djnh xem mdt file hay mdt thdng diep cd bi sda doi hay khdng cd the thuc hidn bang each so sdnh tdm tat dUdc tfnh trUdc va sau khi gdi (hoae mgt su kidn bdt ky nao dd), hogc cd the dung tdm tat thdng 14| THONG TIN V A T U LIEU-6/2017
NGHIEN ClJU - TRAO DOI digp lam mdt phUdng tien ddng tin
cay cho vide nhdn dgng file. Ham bam thudng dupc dung trong bang bam nham giam chi phi tfnh toan khi tim mgt khdi dO lidu trong mdt tdp hpp. Giatrj bam ddng vai trd gan nhU mdt khda d l phdn biet cac khdi dQ lidu.
• Tao ehiykydi§nta(Digital signatures):
ChQ ky sd cd dugc bang each dem ma hoa ban tdm tat cua thdng diep bang khoa bf mdt cija ngadi ky.
Neu kdt qua bam gidng nhau, Thdng diep dupc xac thac. Tai sao? Vi ndu bat ky BIT nao cua M hay SIG bj thay ddi, ket qud bam se khac.
3.4. Ufng dyng ham bam dim bio toan ven dif lieu trong hoat ddng cac thavi$n di$n ta
Thu vign the ky XXI khdng chT la mdt trung tam tri thdc, ma cdn trd thanh mot trung tam thdng tin, d dd khdng chi cd sach, bao, tap chf in trdn giay ma cdn cd cdc xuat ban phim dudi dang dien td. Vi vay, hinh thdc td chUe va phUdng phap hoat ddng cua cac thu vign cung cd nhidu thay ddi;
trong dd viec sd dyng may tfnh d l tUu giQ, khai thae thdng tin va xay dUng cae bg sUu tap sd la xu hudng quan trong nhat trong viec phat trien tU ddng hoa cac thu vien.
Khdng nhQng the, d l dap Qng tdt nhdt nhu cdu ngay mot eao cda ngUdi dung, cac thU vidn da sd dung mang Internet va "md kdt ndi" nham tao dieu kidn tdi da cho ngudi sd dung cd t h i truy cgp tQ xa tdi cac ngudn dQ ligu nay.
NhQng thay ddi trong phUPng thQc phuc vu tren dem lai rat nhieu lpi fch cho ngUdi
sd dyng cQng nha nang cao vj thd cua thU vien trong mat ngadi dung va xa hpi. Tuy nhidn, viec md rgng kha nang truy cdp tdi cac ngudn tai nguyen dd lai dem tdi nhieu rdi ro cho cac thu vien, nha: tang kha nang bj hacker tan cdng, dd dan tdi mat mat dQ lieu,... dac bidt cdc doi tupng xau cd t h i ldi dung thu vien lam ndi d l thUe hi$n cac am muu den tdi eua minh.
Dam bao toan ven dQ lieu trong cac thU vien dien td bao gom rat nhieu cdng vide khac nhau, dd la dam bao toan vgn trong vide van hanh he thdng qu^n ly thU vien, dam bdo vide lUu trQ mat khau, thdng tin he thdng ddu dupc giQ bf mat vd dam bao cac tai lieu dien td trong cac bd sUu tap sd ludn ludn toan ven trong khi lUu trQ va truyen tren mang Internet.
Vdi vigc sd dung ham bam, cdc thU vien cd t h i xac djnh xem mdt file hay mgt thdng didp cd bj sda ddi hay khdng va thuc hien bang each so sanh tdm tat dUdc tfnh trUde va sau khi gdi (hoae mdt sU kign bat ky nao dd). Hodc cd t h i dung tdm tat thdng didp lam mpt phUpng tidn ddng tin cay cho vigc nhan dang file. Mdt Qng dung nQa cac thu vien cd the dp dung la kiem tra mat khiu nhu da trinh bay d phan tren. Cac ham bam cd t h i dUdc dung de tao cdc bit gia ngau nhidn (pseudorandom) cd the ke tdi nha:SHA-1, MD5,...
3.4.1. Ong dung trong ldu trQ mit khiu cac tai khoin trong he thong thu vien
Hau hdt cac phan mem quan ly thU vidn ngay nay deu cd chdng thue ngudi sd dyng. NghTa la d l sd dung dng dung, ngUdi sd dung phai qua mot cO che chdng thuc username va mat khdu, va tQ do dQdc cung cap cae quyen sCf dung tQdng THONG TIN VATU LIEU-6/2017 |15
NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO DOI
Qng da dagc thU vidn cung cap. Do dd, vdn de bdo mat mat khau la van de vd cung quan trgng ddi vdi ede thU vidn didn td.
Mdt khiu ngUdi sd dyng thudng gdm cac chQ cdi thudng va hoa, edng thdm cdc chd sd. Gia sd mat khiu dupc luu trQ dUdi dang thudng, khdng ma hda trdn mdy chd, trong mpt file dQ lieu hay trong he quan trj thu vien tfch hdp. NhU vay, se xuat hidn mpt nguy cd la cd mgt ngudi khac, hoae Id ngadi qudn tri (administrator), hoae Id hacker, cd the md dupc file dO lidu hogc cP sd dQ lieu, va xem trpm dUdc mat khau. Do vay, mat khau khdng the dupe giQ bf mat tuyet ddi.
Mpt phUdng phap de bao ve mat khiu la dung ma hda, chUdng trinh phdn mdm se dung mdt khda bi mat d l ma hda mat khiu trade khi lUu mat khau xuong file hay cd sd dQ lieu. Do dd, trdnh dapc van de xem trpm mat khau. Tuy nhidn, phUdng phap nay cd nhupc dilm la lal phai lo bao v# khda bi mdt nay. Ndu khda bf mdt bj Id thi vigc ma hda khdng cdn y nghTa.
PhUPng phdp bao vd mdt khiu hidu qua nhdt Id dung ham bdm. Khi ngudi sd dyng dang ky mgt khau, gia trj bSm cda mat khau dupe tfnh bang mgt ham bam nao dd (MDS hay SHA-1,...). Gia trj bdm dUpc lUu trO vao file hay cd sd dQ lieu. Vi hdm bam la mgt chieu, nen du bidt dupc gia trj bam va loai ham bam, hacker cung khdng t h i suy ra dupc mdt khiu. Khi ngudi sd dyng dang nhap, mat khiu dang nhap dUdc tfnh gia tri bam va so sanh vdi gia tri bam dang dUdc lUu trQ. Do tfnh chdng trung, chi cd mpt mat khiu duy nhat cd gid trj bam tadng dng, nen khdng ai khac ngoai ngadi sd dung cd mat khiu dd mdi cd the dang
nhdp dng dung.
3.4.2. Ling dung ham bam dS kiem tra su toan ven cua dQ iieu ldu trQ trong cic bo sdu tap s6
Hien nay, cac thU vien dang xay dung cho minh cac bg sUu tap sd va cung cap kha nang truy cap tQ xa tdi cac bd sUu tap nay cho ngudi sd dung. Tuy nhidn, cau hdi dat ra Id lam each nao thu vien cd the kilm tra dugc rang, cae tdi lieu sd do minh lau trQ va cung cap cho ngudi sd dung cd bj thay ddi ndi dung hay khdng? Ddy that sd la mgt bai toan khd ddi vdi cae thUvidn didn td. Mdt sd cdch cac thu vien hign nay dang thQc hien dd la: dgt mat khiu cho cac tai lieu dien td, de tai lieu d chd dp chi xem,...
Tuy nhien, tat ca cdc each trdn ddu ton tai nhupc dilm vd cung rat de d l hacker cd t h i phd bd hogc tim ra mgt khau cda cae tap tin dd.
Mot cdch ddn gian d l cac thQ vien cd t h i dam b^o dupc tfnh toan ven ddi vdi cac dQ lieu sd cda minh do Id sd dung ham bam. Nhu ta da biet, hai van ban du chl khac nhau mpt ky ty thi cung cho ta hai gia trj bam khac nhau, do dd, trudc khi lUu trQ hoae gdi dQ ligu cho ngQdi sd dyng, can bp thu vidn se tien hanh qua trinh bam va gan gia trj bam tim duoc vao tai ligu, ngudi sd dung sau khi nhgn dupc tdi lieu se dung mdt phan mem bat ky d l kiem tra gia tri bdm ta tai lieu nhgn dapc, so sanh hai gia trj nay, neu trung khdp thi tai lieu khdng thay ddi, ngupc lai, ndu khdng trung khdp tdc la tai lidu da bj thay ddi so vdi ndi dung ban dau.
16| THONG TIN VATU LIEU-6/2017
NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI
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Tao ra gid tri SHA - 1 v&ipiidn mem Mutifiasfier
Ket luan
Md rpng khd nang truy cgp tQ xa ddn thQ vign ndi chung, den cdc bd sQu tap sd vd dich vu thu vign ndi ridng la xu the tat yeu trong hogt ddng cda cac thU vign ngay nay. Day la vide lam can thidt ddi vdi cac tha vidn vdi mong mudn ngay mot ddp Qng tdt hon nhu edu cCia ngUdi sd dyng. Tuy nhidn, d l ddm bao hogt ddng tha vien ludn dupe dn djnh va xuydn sudt, cac thu vidn nen cd lp trinh thuc hidn cu the va cd nhQng budc chuan bj ky cang cd ve trinh dp cda cdn bp thu vidn, cd sd vdt chdt cung nhU eae giai phap cdng nghd vd an toan bao mat. cac giai phap ndn bdt dau td viee xdy dung chfnh sdch an toan bao mat, tdi viec trang bi ve may mdc, trang thidt bj va cudi cung la cac giai phap edng nghe. Viec sd dyng ham bam la mdt gidi phdp tdi Uu eho cac thd vidn trong viec xdy dung cac giai phap cdng nghd nham dam bao an toan, toan ven dQ lieu cho hogt ddng cda minh.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practices, 4*^ Edition - William Stallings- Prentice Hall - 2005.
2. Nguyen Dinh Vinh (2011). Giao trinh cd sd an toan thong tin. H. Ban Cd yeu chfnh phij.
Hoc vi$n Ky thuat Mdt ma, 2011.
3. Phan Dinh Didu (2002). Ly thuyet mit ma &
An toin thdng tin, Dai hoc quoc gia Ha Ndi, Hd Ndi, 2002.
4. Trdn Minh Van (2008). Giio trinh An toan vi bio m$t thong tin, Dai hpc Nha Trang, Nha Trang.
5. Trjnh Nhdt Tidn (2008). Giio trinh An toan dOlidu, NXB DHQGHN. H. 2008.
6. Truy cdp td: http://vnexperts.net/bai-viet- ky-thuat/security/661 -chun-bo-mt-iso-17799- toan-tp.html(ngay 24/10/2016)
(Ngay Tda soan nhin dddc bai: 4-5-2017;
Ngay phin bi$n danh gta: 12-10-2017; Ngay chap nhan ding: 20-10-2017).
THONG TIN VA TU LIEU - 6/2017 |17
