Tgp chi khoa hgc trUdng Dgi hgc Quy NhOn Tgp IV, sd 2 ndm 2010
VAN DE TAI NGUYEN N U ^ C MAT 6 BINH DINH
LUONG THI VAN», PHAN THAI Lfe^ NGUYEN THI HUY^N^
l . D A T VANDE
Nffdc Id mpt trong nhffng hdp pbIn ed ban tao ndn van vat, cdnh quan tff nhidn vd mudn loai, la mdt loai tai nguydn thidn nhidn effc ky quan ttpng vd qu^ gid, cbi phdi cd tinh quyd't dinh dd'n mpi boat dpng dan sinh kinh td, phdt trien san xua't eua eon ngffdi, tff vide dffdc sff dung rpng rai ttong sdn xud't ndng nghidp. cdng nghidp-tieu tiiff cdng nghidp, thiiy didn, giao tiidng van tai, du lieh, thuy san. Do vdy, tdi nguydn nffdc dffdc coi nhff mpt loai bang hda ddc bidt vd khong the thay thd'.
Tai nguydn nffdc bao gdm ngudn nffdc mffa, nffdc mat eua sdng sudi-ao ho-dim lly, nffdc dffdi dd't, vd nffdc biin thupe pham vi lanh thd qud^c gia. Theo quy luat, ngudn tdi nguydn nffdc dffdc hinh thdnh va ton tai vinh cffu theo vdng tuln hodn tff nhidn neu nhff khdng cd nhffng tde dpng do tai bid'n eua tff nhidn bode do tac dpng, khai thdc qud mffc cua con ngffdi. Cbinb vi ddc diim nay ma trong mpt thdi gian dai, chffng ta da ngp nhdn cho rang tai nguydn nffdc la vd tan.
Hidn nay, trdn pham vi todn thd' gidi ndi chung va d nffdc ta cung nhff d Binh Dinh ndi ridng, vd'n d l tdi nguydn nffdc dang dffdc ddt ra mpt each hd't sffe cap bach va nghidm tue do sff gia tdng qua nhanh v l ddn sd va sff phat triin vffdt bac eua KT-XH da lam gia tang manh me nhu clu sff dung nffdc, lam suy giam nghidm ttpng dd'n trff Iffdng va cha't Iffdng cffa ngudn tdi nguydn nay, anh hffdng dd'n ydu clu phat trien bin vffng.
2. DAC DIEM v A HIEN TRANG NGUON T A I NGUYEN NUC3C MAT 6 BINH DINH
2.1. Mtfa va dong chay song ngoi
Binh Dinh cd ngudn tdi nguydn nffdc mffa va dong chay sdng sudi kha doi ddo, nhffhg phdn bd khdng dong diu theo khdng gian vd thdi gian.
l.\.\.VeMUa
Tdng Iffdng mffa ti-ung binh nam cua Binh Dinh ldn nhd't khu vtfc duydn hai Nam Trung bp, dat tff 1600 - 3000mm/ndm nhffhg phdn bd khong dong diu giffa cac vffng ttdn dia ban cffa tinh. Nhin chung, d vffng pbia Bac va phia Tay cd Iffdng mffa trung binh ldn hdn vffng pbia Nam vd phia Ddng. O vffng thffdng ngudn sdng Kdn va sdng Lai cd Iffdng mffa tff 2600 - 3000inm/ndm, vffng dong bang ven biin tff 1600 - 1800mm/nam.
Binh Dinh cd bai mffa phdn hda sdu sac la mffa mffa vd mffa kho. Mua mffa ngan, keo ddi tff thang IX-II, chid'm tff 72-78% tdng Iffdng mffa nam; trong do, tap
104 LLfONG THI
VAN,PHAN
THAI L6.NGUYEN THI HUY^N tioing ldn nhd't vdo thdng X vd XI, chidm >50% Iffdng mffa ndm; mffa khd kdo dai tff tiidng I-VIII, nhffhg chi chid'm tff 22 28% tdng Iffdng mffa ndm; ttong do, mffa it nhat vdo tiidng II, III vd thdng IV. mtfa rdi <50mm/tiidng, vCing ven biin thffdng bi khd ban.
2.1.2. vi ddng chdy sdng ngdi
Bdng I: Ddc trUng hinh thdi luu vUc sdng
SdTT 1 2 3 4
Tdn sdng Lai Giang La Tinh Kdn Hd Thanh
DO cao nguIn sdng (m)
825 700 925 800
Chiiu ddi sdng (Km)
85 52 178
58
DO cao TB Itfu vtfc
(m) 277 151 567 179
DO ddc TB Itftf vtfc
(%)
22.0 17 15.8 18.3
M^tdO Itfdi song (Km/Km^
0.65 0.71 0.65 0.92
DiOn tich htfng ntfdc
(Km^) 1.402
780 3.067
539
Ngudn [2.5]
Binh Dinh cd 4 he thdng sdng ldn bdt nguon chff yd'u trong pham vi cua tinh:
sdng Kdn, song Lai, sdng La Tinh vd Ha Thanh. Trong dd, be tiidng sdng Kdn la ldn nhd't, gom nhilu ngdi, sudi nhd vd phu lffu hdp tiidnh, ddng ke la sudi Daksan, sudi Trd Xom, sudi Phff Phong,...
BiiN •< Ht THiNC SANfi SUA TJM BlM IINH
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