Tiiu ban Khoa hgc vdt lieu ISBN: 978-604-913-011-3
VAT LIEU QUANG XUC TAC TREN CO SO OXIT TITAN NANO - KET QUA VA DINH
H U O N GPHAT TRIEN CUA VIEN VAT LY
I T N GDUNG VA THIET BI KHOA HOC
PHOTOCATALYST BASED ON NANO TIO2 - RESULTS AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE INSTITUTE OF APPLIED PHYSICS AND
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
Nguyen Trong Tinh. Nguyen Thi Mai Huong, Tran Thj Dux Vien Vat ly iing dung va Thiet hi khoa hgc
18 - Hoang Qudc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Ngi Email: nttinh(a'.capsi.vast.ac.vn Tom tat:
Viin vgt ly ung dung vd Thiit bi khgg hgc dong tiip luc nghiin cim, chi tgo cdc logi chdt phii bi mat cd tinh chdt quang xiic tdc dua trin nin tdng Titanium Oxide cdu true nano (Ti02). Dudi tdc ddng cita dnh sdng, trin bi mat Ti02 se sinh ra cdc tde nhdn cd khd ndng dxi hda mgnh cd khd ndng phdn huy nhiiu loai chdt hihi ca d nhiim, diet vi khudn ...vv. Nano TiO2 cd thi phii lin bi mdt di mang nhu hat silicagel, vdi than cha cdc ung dung xu ly nude, khdng khi Mdng mdng ngngegmposit Ti02/Si02 trong sudt phu trin cdc bi mat vdt liiu xdy dung nhu kinh, ggch, tudng hoac nhua di trd thdnh nhiing vdt lieu ed tinh chdt siiu ua nude. Id ca sd cua Men tugng tu ldm sgch bi mat Vdt lieu Ti02/Hydraxylapatite dang dugc viin tiin hdnh nghiin cuu. TiO^/Hydraxylapatite Id vdt lieu Id hgp da chite ndng cd khd ndng phdn hiiy cdc chat ddc hiiu ca, diet virut, vi khudn ...vv phiic vii cho muc dich ldm sgch mdi trudng. Dung dich dgng san
Ti02/HydroxylapalUe thich hgp di sit dung irong ndi thdt nhu san quang xiic tdc di diet khudn, kbit miii ciing nhu cdc tdc dung ldm sgch mdi trudng khdc.
Abstract:
The Institute of Applied Physics and Scientific Instruments (lAPSI) succeed in developing the stable photoeatalyst coaling agents based on nano Ti02. The UV illumination of tUanium dioxide coalings leads to the formation of powerful agents with the ability to oxidize and decompose many types of organic pollutants and bacteria. Titanium dioxide can be fixed on adsorbents such as silicagel beads or charcoal cloths for water and air treatment. Transparent TiO2 thin films can be coated on the surface of building materials such as glass, tiles, walls or plastics for self-cleaning materials. We developed g multifunctional composite material
with a titanium dioxide surface covered by HydroxylapatUe. This composite has a function to absorb and decompose bacterial and various other toxic materials for
application in air purification and as an antimicrobial, antifungal, and ant ifoul ing coating.
I. GI61 THIEU
Ti02 la chat quang xiic tac manh, cd thi sir dung dl phan buy cac chdt dgc hai hihi ca, khir miii, diet khuan ...w ea trong mdi tnrdng nude va khdng khi [1-6]. Nguyen ly quang xiic tac cua Ti02 dugc cho la dudi tac ddng ciia anh sang thich hgp, tren b l mat hat ban dan se sinh ra tac nhan oxy boa manh. Cac tac nhan nay tham gia vao phan img lam phan huy hdu hit cac
Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky- niim 35 ndm Viin KH&CNVN - Hd Ngi -10/2010
chdt hiiu ca hdp phu len bl mat Ti02. Mang TiOi dugc phu len bl mat cac loai de mang, ngoai kha nang cd boat tinh quang xiic tac cdn cd kha nang sieu ua nude (superHydrophilic).
Hieu ling sieu ua nude ciia mang Ti02 la ca sd de tao ra cac vat lieu dac biet cho cdng nghe lam sach mdi trudng nhu gach diet khudn-chdng reu mdc, kinh tu sach- khdng bi md nude (self-cleaning and anti-fogging) be tdng lam sach khdng khi ...w. Nhimg nghien ciiu gan day ciia chiing tdi tap trung vao vdn de khac phuc nhiing ban che vdn cd ciia chat ban dan Ti02 nham nang cao hieu qua tinh chdt quang xiic tac, tao ra kha nang iing dung ciia chiing. Mdt sd hudng cu the da dat dugc nhiing ket qua kha quan ed the ke den:
1/ Ket hgp Ti02 vdi mgt hgp chat vd co khac de tao vat lieu td hgp cau tnic Nano (nanocomposite) 'vira cd tinh nang quang xiic tac manh cua Ti02 'vira cd tinh chat hira ich khac. De tang cudng hieu iing sieu ua nude chiing tdi da td hgp nanocomposite Si02/Ti02. De tang cudng kha nang hap phu cac chat ddc hai len be mat hat nano Ti02 chiing tdi da tao ra td hgp Nanocomposit Ti02/Hydroxylapatite. Td hgp Ti02/Hydroxylapatite ngoai kha nang bat giir cac phan tir can phan huy tai be mat hat Ti02 (do dd tang hieu qua qua trinh quang xiic tac cua Ti02) cdn cd tac dung la tac nhan thich img trong qua trinh sir dung dung mdi hiiu ca ciing Ti02 de tao ra san pham son quang xiic tac.
2/ Thiet ke phuang an iimg dung tinh chat quang xiic tac ciia vat lieu td hgp Nanocomposite tren nen tang Ti02. Chiing tdi tap trung vao thiet ke phuong an img dung lgc khi va khir miii.
Ket qua da cho ra nhiing mau may (prototype) lgc khi va khir miii nhu may khir miii, may lgc khi chdng khuan H5N1, may lgc khi NOx...'w. Ket qua nghien ciiu da dugc cdng nhan dgc quyen giai phap bun ich filter lgc khi 3D iing dung trong may lgc khi diet khuan.
II. VAT LIEU TO HOP NANOCOMPOSIT Ti02/Si02 TANG CLTOfNG HIEU iTNG SIEU U A N U d C (SUPERHYDROPHILIC)
Mang mdng nanocomposite Si02/Ti02 dugc che tao bang phuang phap sol-gel.
Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), ethanol, nude va axit clohydric dugc pha vao nhau theo ty le 1: 14:1:0,3 moi. Hdn hgp nay dugc khuay ky 3 gid d 80°C de tetraethylorthosilicate thiiy phan mdt phan va dugc dung lam dung dich precursor TEOS. Titanium Isopropoxit (TPOT), 2- propanol, nude va axit clohydric dugc pha vao nhau theo ty le 1:20:1:0,5 moi va diing lam dung dich precursor TPOT. Sau dd TEOS va cac lugng khac nhau cua dung dich precursor TPOT dugc pha vao nhau. Thanh phan {% moi) ciia Si02 dugc thay ddi tir 0,10,20,30, 40 va 50%). Sol Ti02 va hdn hgp sol Ti02/Si02 dugc phii len dl thiiy tinh, gach men,... Sau khi dl khd d nhiet do phdng, mang gel dugc ii nhiet trong mdi trudng khdng khi den 500°C hoac 800°C (tiiy loai dl) trong 1 gid.
Hinh I; (a); Mdng TiOi u 800°C, (b) mdng Ti02/Si02 it 800°C
Tiiu ban Khoa hoc vdt lieu ISBN: 978-604-913 011-3
(a) silic (b) TiO: (c) TiOVSiO.
Hinh 2; Hiiu ung hydrophilic ciia Ti02 nano (b) vd nanocomposU Ti02/Si02 chita 20 % moi Si02 (c)
Tren hinh 1 la anh SEM mang Ti02 (a) va mang Ti02/Si02 (b) ciing ii d nhiet do 800''C.
Su khac biet de dang dugc nhan thay la kich tbudc hat d mang Ti02 (30-60nni) Idn ban rat nhilu so vdi kich tbudc hat cua mang Ti02/Si02 (10-15nm). Pha ciia Ti02 don thuan chuyen tir anatase sang rutine khi ii d nhiet do 800°C cdn Ti02/Si02 van giir nguyen pha anatase. Nhu vay uu diem ciia viec dua them Si02 vao la se khdng lam tang kich thude hat khi ii d nhiet do cao.
Be mat ciia vat lieu dudi tac dung cua anh sang tir ngoai cd tinh chat sieu ua nude (hydrophilic), tu lam sach. Tren hinh 2 la anh chup hinh dang cac gigt nude dugc nhd gigt len be mat de silic (a), de silic phii mang Ti02 nano (b) va de silic phii mang nanocomposit Ti02/Si02. Thay cho gigt nude tren phien silic (H.2a), gigt nude loang rgng tren be mat silic cd phii mang mdng Ti02 (H.2b) va Ti02/Si02 (H.2e). So sanh ta thay hieu ung hydrophilic ciia mang nanocomposit Ti02/Si02 manh ban mang Ti02. Ket qua thir nghiem cdn cho thay, ngoai kha nang lam giam gdc tiep xuc ciia nude, nanocomposit Ti02/Si02 cdn cd kha nang duy tri tinh chat hydrophilic lau ban trong tdi so vdi mang Ti02 don thuan.
III. VAT LIEU TO HOP NANOCOMPOSIT Ti02/Hydroxylapatite TANG CUOTVG TINH NANG H A P PHU VA CHE TAO DUNG DICH DANG SON QUANG XUC TAC
C :^Li5EFiCaT=*^vh'-'\DUC-A262.ROW DUC-02&2 (CT Z 4 - e 0 3 3 1 C«5lP0-1 ) 3 ( 0 H ) M a i r o - y l a p a l i l e (' 2 ; - : 2 7 2 • T i C 2 nf**.* = e . s ^ n U J L ' : . 5 4 3 6 A O
^ l - : ; - : ! • ~>02 R . . 1 1 1 - , s.*n (Ml. 1 •;4f)bt:.r.)
5ie6=.3 TC
Hinh 3; Gidn dd nhiiu xg tia X mdu Ti02/apatite, (x); vgch nhiiu xg cita apatite
Bgt Ti02 thuong pham (P25 - ciia hang Degussa - Dire) dugc ngam vao trong dung dich PBS (Pseudo Body Solution) d nhiet do 37''C. PH = 7.4. Qua trinh hinh thanh apatite (hydroxylapatite: Ca5(P04).3(0H)) dugc tdi uu de dat dugc pha Apatite bao bgc len tren bl
Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky- niim 35 ndm I 'iin KH&CNVN - Hd Noi •10/2010
mat Ti02 mdt each rd rang (xudt hien phase apaptite tren gian dd nhieu xa tia X) va thdi gian tao pha la ngdn nhdt.
Hinh 3 la gian dd nhieu xa tia X ciia mau Ti02/apatite, vach dugc danh ddu (x) tren hinh la vach nhieu xa ciia tinh thi apatite. Nhu \'ay sau thdi gian dugc ngam trong dung dich PBS tren bl mat hat nano Ti02 da hinh thanh tinh the apatite.
Vat Lieu Ti02/apatite dugc diing de che tao dung dich dang son vdi thanh phan cac chat tham gia nhu sau: Ti02/Apatite (chat nen cd tinh nang quang xiic tac) ; Keo Acrylic (chat ket dinh); Nudc(dung mdi) va phu gia. Ket qua thir nghiem cho thay son quang xiie tac che tao tir vat lieu td hgp Nanocomposit Ti02/Apatite khdng bi anh sang lam hdng chat ket dinh acrylic nhu da timg xay ra ddi vdi son lam tir Ti02 anatase.
Khd ndng phan huy chat mau Methyl blue vd diet khuan cua san Ti02/Hydroxylapatite.
Mang son Ti02/apatite dugc thu nghiem phan buy chat mau hiiu ca methyl blue. Day la quy trinh thu nghiem danh gia kha nang quang xuc tac eiia vat lieu da dugc cdng ddng nghien cim quang xiic tac cdng nhan va xay dung thanh ISO. Mau dugc de trong tdi 1 gid de danh gia kha nang hap phu trudc khi chieu sang dudi den UV cd vimg budc sdng 365nm (UV-A). Lay mau de xac dinh ndng do dung dich theo timg thdi gian trong tdi 30 phiit, 60 phiit va khi chieu sang 15 phut, 30 phut, 60 phut, 90 phut, 120 phut.
Ket qua cho thay: mau ddi chiing (khdng cd Ti02, chi cd dung dich methyl blue), dudi tac dung ciia anh sang gan nhu khdng hi phan buy. Trong khi dd vdi mau phan buy bang son Ti02/Apatite thu dugc ket qua nhu trong hinh 4(a). Sau 60 phiit trong tdi, ndng do methyl blue giam tir lOppm xudng cdn 6,3ppm. Ket qua nay chimg td rang son Ti02/Apatite cd kha nang hap phu tdt (cac phan tir Methyl Blue dugc giir tren be mat ciia bgt Ti02/Apatite) ngay ca trong dieu kien khdng cd anh sang.Khi dugc chieu sang, ndng do methyl blue giam nhanh gan nhu bet hoan toan sau 120 phiit. Chung td mau bgt Ti02/Apatite che tao dugc van cd tinh quang xuc tac tdt.
Tropo to! Chieu sana
— • — doi chung
— • —SiSnTiO /apatite
- | — ' — r
BO 40 20 0 20 40 60
Vi khuan bi diet hoan toan sau Sgio
100 120
Thcfi gian (phCit) (o) (b)
Hinh 4; Su phdn huy Methyl Blue(a) vd khd ndng diet khudn cita san TiO2/Apatite(b)
Cac vi sinh \'at sir dung trong phep thir kha nang diet khudn cua \'at lieu td hgp Nanocomposit TiO^/Apatite bao gdm: true khudn Escherichia coli. tu cdu khudn Staphylocoecus aureus, fxxxc khuan mu xanh Pseiidomonas aeruginosa, va ndm Candida albicans. Mau dugc chieu sang dudi den huynh quang 18W, tai cac thdi diem idy mau, danh gia lugng vi sinh vat cdn sdng sdt tren mau.
Tieu ban Khoa hoc vdt lieu ISBN: 978-604-913-011-3
Ket qua thu dugc cho thdy mau ddi chiing (bl mat khdng phii Ti02/apatite) sau 1 gid lugng vi khuan ya nam van cdn d mirc 100%. Sau thdi gian 3h dudi dieu kien chieu sang va mdi trudng dieu hda cd do am thap nen cac vi sinh vat ciing chet 1 each tu nhien. Sau 9h so vi khuan va nam cdn lai tren cac mdu ddi chimg la 42%o va 45%o. Trong khi dd, tren cac mau cd phii son Ti02/apatite lugng vi khudn giam nhanh xudng cdn 44%o va nam cdn 37%o sau lb va khir bet vi khuan va nam sau 3 gid. (hinh 4b)
IV. GIAI PHAP VA PHUONG AN MAU MAY (PROTOTYPE) LOC KHONG KHI Slf DUNG VAT LIEU QUANG XUC TAC GOC Tib2
Hinh 3a la hinh md ta ca che hoat dgng ciia bd lgc khdng khi quang xiic tac. Hai bg p h ^ chinh cua bg lgc khdng khi quang xuc tac la mang lgc phii Ti02 hoac vat lieu td hgp tir gdc Ti02 cd tinh chat quang xiic tac va den UV. Chiic nang chii yeu ciia mang lgc quang xuc tac Ti02 la hap phu cac chat ban hiru ca va vd co, ddng thdi dudi tac dung ciia anh sang UV, hoi nude va oxy trong khdng khi, phan ung quang xiic tac phan buy nude thanh gdc tu do hydroxyl cd boat tinh manh, cd kha nang diet khuan va phan buy cac hgp chat hiiu ca de bay hod (VOCs) thanh cac chat vd hai nhu H2O va CO2.
San pham lgc khi ciia chiing tdi sir dung mang lgc lam tir vat lieu Ti02/bdng thach anh. Sgi bdng thach anh cd kich tbudc micromet nen dien tich tiep xiic ciia phin lgc vdi khdng khi rat Idn, hieu qua ciia qua trinh quang xiic tac cao.
UiCTBONICUNEABPROPUlSIBNIUDSnATIOM ^^^^^^•^^^^•B
_ • 1
UVUtMT«eUMC
(a) CUCK FOR LARGER IMAGE (b)
Hinh 5.' Cha chi hogt ddng bd lgc khdng khi quang xiic tdc (a) Bdng ddc quyin gidi phdp him ich chg Thiit bi lgc khi (b)
Vien Vat ly iing dung va Thiet bj khoa hgc da che tao thanh cdng thilt bi lgc khdng khi quang xiic tac va dugc cap bang Dgc quyen Giai phap hiin ich cua Cue sd him tri tue cho san pham nay.
V. KET LUAN
Tren ca sd nghien ciiu cd he thdng vat lieu quang xiic tac cd gdc Ti02, Vien Vat ly iing dung va Thiet bi khoa hgc da dat dugc nhimg ket qua kha quan trong viec phat triln cac he vat lieu td hgp Nanocomposit. Nhirng he vat lieu td hgp khdng nhiing cd tinh chdt quang xiic tac tdt ma cdn cd nhirng tinh chat dac thii khac. Viec thir nghiem iing dung nhiing tinh chdt ciia cac he \'at lieu td hgp nay trong dieu kien phdng thi nghiem cho ket qua tdt. Vien cung da
Hoi nghi Khoa hgc ky- niim 35 ndm Viin KH&CNVN - Hd Ngi -10/2010
