NGHIEN CirU CHU NiGHIA MAC - LENIN VA Tl/Tl/ONG HO CHi MINH
Tl/ Tl/OfNG HO CHI MINH
;5VE CAN BO VA CONG TAC CAN BQ
TS LAI Q U d c KHANH'*'
T
U tuong ve cdn bo va cong tac can bp la mot bo phan cau thanh quan trong trong he thong tu tuong chinh tri ciia Chu tich H6 Chi Minh. Sinh thoi, Chu tjch H6 Chi Minh luon dac biet coi trong vai tro cua dpi ngu can bo, luon dat cong tac can bo len vi tri hang dau troAg cac cong tdc cua Dang va Nha nuoc. Tu tuong Ho Chi Minh ve can bp va cong tac can bp co gia tri ly lu$n va thuc tien to Ion boi trong do da ket tinh tinh hoa cua triet hpc chinh tri phuong Dong va phuong Tay, cua triet hpc chinh tri Mac - Lenin, dac biet la sir due ket tu chinh qua trinh Nguoi phat hien, dao tao, su dung dpi ngu can bp trong each m ^ g Vi|t Nani.H6 Chi Minh xac dinh "Can bp la nhung nguoi dem chinh sach ciia Dang, cua Chinh phii giai thich cho dan chiing hieu ro va thi hanh. D6ng thoi dem tinh hinh ciia dan chiing bao cao cho Dang, cho Chinh phu hiiu ro, de dat chinh sach cho diing" (Ho
'*^ Dai hoc Khoa hpc Xa hpi v^ NhSn vSn, Dai hpc Qu6c gia Ha Npi.
Chi Minh: Toan tap, t.5, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia. Ha Npi, 1995, tr.269). Nhu vay, can bp la cau n6i giGa Dang, Nhd nudDc voi nhan dan, Id nguoi truySn dat vd t6 diuc nhan dan th\rc thi chu truong, duong 16i, chinh sdch ciia Dang vd Nhd nuoc, d6ng thdi nam bat vd phdn hoi thong tin tir phia nhan dan de Ddng vd Nhd nuoc co can cu hoach dinh, dieu chinh chu truong, duong loi, chinh sdch. Vai tro cua dpi ngu can bp Id v6 ciing quan trpng trong todn bp sir van hdnh cua mpt xa hpi. Vi vay. Ho Chi Minh khang dinh "cdn bp la cai goc cua mpi cong vi$c" (Sdd, tr.269), vd "huan luy?n can bp Id cong vi?c gdc ciia Ddng" (Sdd, tr.269).
De ldm tot vai tro cau noi ndy, co hai yeu cau doi voi can bp Id thong hieu duong loi chinh sach ciia Ddng vd Nhd nuoc vd biet ldng nghe y kien cua dan. Do cung Id hai t6 chat khong the thieu vd can bp can phdi ren luyen mod co.
De hodn thdnh tot vai tro cua minh, dpi ngu can b6 cdn c6 day dii nhung phdm chdt can thiet. Pham chdt ciia dpi ngii cdn bp
LY LUAN CHINH TRI, SO 4-2012
dupe H6 Chi Minh de c^p den tren hai phia: md Ddng, Nhd nu6c vd nhan dan giao ph6.
chinh di?n vd phdn di?n. Dgo due each mgng lam nen sue mgnh. D6 Tu phia chinh di?n, Ngudi dd chi ra 1^ "^^t^tu tudrng quan trpng cua H6 Chi nhihig phdm ch^t cin c6 ciia dpi ngQ cdn bO: ^ ' " ^ ^^ ^^" ^9 vd cong tdc cdn bO.
Thii nhdt, cdn bO Id nhihig ngudi c6 d^o Thic hai, cdn bO Id nhttng ngudi "trung due cdch m^g, la Nhan, NghTa, Tri, Dung, thdnh vd hdng hdi trong cong vi?c. trong luc Liem. Nhdn Id "th^t thd thuong yeu, hit ^^^ ^ranh" (Sdd, tr.275); c6 tinh than trach long giiip dd d6ng chi vd d6ng bdo"; Nghia "^^^"^ ^rudc Ddng, Nhd nude vd nhan ddn.
Id "ngay thing, khong c6 tu tam, khong ldm Thu ba, cdn bO Id nhttng ngudi c6 du vifc bay, khong c6 vifc gi phdi gidu Ddng"; ndng l\rc ddm duong cong vifc dii trong bat Tri Id "khong c6 vifc tu tiii n6 ldm mu cur hodn cdnh ndo. De c6 du ndng lire ddm qudng, cho nen dau 6c trong s^ch, sdng suot. duong cong vifc, trudc het phdi c6 y thuc De hiiu ly lu^. De tim phuong hudng. trdch nhifm. Ngudi c6 y thuc trdch nhifm Id Biet xem ngudi. Bilt xet vifc"; Dung Id ngudi ddm nghT, ddm ldm, ddm noi, dam
"dQng cdm, gan g6c, gdp vifc phdi c6 gan phe binh, ddm thira nhdn vd sua chtta khuyet lam. Thay khuyet diem co gan sua chtta. dilm, v.v.. Ngudi c6 y thuc trach nhifm con Cvic kho kho khan, co gan chiu d\mg. C6 Id ngudi khdng sp kho khdn, khong sp that gan chdng lai nhttng sir vinh hoa, phii quy b?ii, khdng sp phe binh, khdng sp hy sinh, khdng chinh dang. NIU cdn, thi co gan hy v.v.. Dao due cdch m ^ g chinh Id gdc re tao sinh cd tinh mfnh cho Ddng, cho Td qudc, nen y thuc trdch nhifm cua can bp. Y^ co du khdng bao gid r\it re, nhiit nhdt"; Liem Id ndng Ivrc ddm duong cdng vifc, can bp con
"khdng tham dia vi. Khdng tham tien tdi. phdi co sdng kiln. Theo Ho Chi Minh: "bdt Khdng tham sung sudng. Khdng ham ky vifc to vifc nhd, hi them dieu l(ri. trie ngudi tdng bdc minh. Vi v|iy md quang diiu hgi cho qudn chung. gitip qudn chung minh chinh dai, khdng bao gid hii hod. Chi gidi quyit vdn di kho khdn. tdng kit qud cua cd mpt thur ham Id ham hpc, ham ldm, ham vi$c ldm, tdng sue sdn xudt cua xd hgi. ddnh tien bp" (Sdd, tr.252). do sue dp hue eua qudn thii. do diu la sdng
Dao due cdch mang Id d?io due ciia ^^''" (S<Jd, tr.244). Bat ky ai, neu c6 quylt nhttng ngudi ddu tranh quen minh vi lpi ich ^am lam ich lpi cho nhan dan, 1^ chiu hpc, chung cua Dang, ciia dan tpc, ciia lodi ngudi. ^^i" ^di nhan dan, 6c chju .kho nghT, tay Do Id phdm chat quan trpng hdng ddu cua ^^^ ^^ ^ ^ . thi nhat djnh c6 sdng kiln, cdn bp, ddng vien trong chl dp xd hOi mdi. "^^t djnh ldm dupe nhttng vifc co ich cho Theo quan dilm cua Hd Chi Minh, d^o dure ^ ^ ^^•
cdch mang dupe hinh thdnh ttt chinh th\rc Mpt nhan to khde cung tac dpng rdt tien dau tranh cdch mang, tu qud trinh tyr tu m^nh din ndng l\rc cdng tac cua can bp, do duong, ren luyf n bin bi cua cdn bp, ddng Id trinh dp nhan thuc, ly lu$n. Hd Chi Minh vien, ddng thdi Id cpi ngudn sue manh giiip rat coi trpng cdng tac ddo tao, huan luyf n can bp, ddng vien vupt qua mudn vdn thir dl nang cao trinh dp nhdn thiic, ly luan cho thach, khd khdn, hodn thdnh tdt nhifm vy cdn bp, ddng vien. Ngudi dd neu len 3 dilu
L t LUAN CHINH TRI. S6' 4-2012
te hai lien quan din trinh dp nhdn thiic, ly luan ciia can bp la kem ly ludn, khinh ly ludn yk ly ludn sudng. Day diu Id nhihig bieu hifn nang lire cdng tdc kem ciia can bp, Id nhttng nguyen nhdn dua tdi thdt bai trong cdng tdc. De khde phuc nhimg dilu tf h?ii tren thi can phdi tudn thii nguyen tdc "thdng nhat gitta ly ludn vd thuc tl" Npi dung ciia nguyen tac dy Id: "Ly l u ^ cdt de dp d\ing vdo thuc te. Ly ludn md khdng dp d\mg vdo thuc tl Id ly ludn sudng" (Sdd, tr.234).
Thic tu, can bp Id nhihig ngudi ludn ludn gitt dling ky lu$t, tdn trpng vd nghiem chinh thirc thi phdp luat. Theo tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, ky lu$t ldm nen sue m ^ h cua to chuc. Tuy nhien, vai trd cua ky ludt chi dupe phdt huy khi moi thdnh vien t\r gidc chap hdnh ky ludt. Neu cdn bd, ddng vien khdng tu gidc tudn thu ky luat vd phdp ludt, thi dii ky ludt vd phdp ludt c6 nghiem minh den mdy. nhihig "mfnh Ifnh ben ngodi" dy ciing khdng the chuyin hda thdnh nhihig
"mfnh Ifnh ben trong", khdng thi tao nen ddng lire thiic day cdn bd, ddng vien tan tuy vi cdng vifc.
Tu phia phdn dien, Hd Chi Minh da chi ra nhttng cdn bf nh md cdn bd can phdi de phdng, khde phuc:
Trong tdc phdm Sita doi loi lam vi$c. Ho Chi Minh neu len nhilu cdn bfnh c6 the xudt hifn trong dpi ngu cdn bd nhu: bfnh chii quan, bfnh hep hdi, bfnh ba hoa, bfnh xa qudn chiing, bfnh hinh thiic, bfnh nl nang, bfnh tham lam, bfnh ludi bieng, bfnh kieu ngao, bfnh hieu danh, dc dia phuong, 6c lanh tu, bfnh ti nanh, bfnh xu ninh, v.v.. Hd Chi Minh gpi chung dd Id chu nghia cd nhdn.
v l nguyen nhdn ciia tat bfnh, Ho Chi Minh cho rdng, Ddng vd Nhd nude ta, can bp vd ddng vien ta xuat than ttt trong xd hpi md ra, cho nen kh6 trdnh khdi mpt bp p h ^ b} cdi xau trong xd hpi nhiem vdo. Dieu quan trpng Id phdi quylt tdm nhdn thttc vd
t t ^
sua chtta. Phuong thuoc hay nhat, theo Hd Chi Minh, la phe binh va t\c phe binh (Sdd, tr.267). Ty: phe binh vd phe binh khdng chi Id v^ch rd khuylt dilm md cdn Id neu len uu dilm ciia minh vd dong chi minh, thdng qua hpc hdi lan nhau, phdt huy uu dilm, tung budc khde ph\ic khuylt dilm. Dau tranh vdi cdi phdn difn Id con dudng tdt nhat dl hinh thdnh nen cai chinh difn. Tu dudng, ren luyfn cho cdi chinh difn ndy nd, phat trien, do Id cdch tdt nhdt de ddu tranh, ddy liii cdi phdn difn. Do Id bifn chiing trong su trudng thdnh cua moi con ngudi, moi td chuc. Bifn chung khdch quan dy dd dupe Hd Chi Minh nhdn thuc vd the hifn trong quan diem cua Ngudi ve phdm chat cua cdn bd.
Ve cong tdc cdn bp, Hd Chi Minh neu len nhihig npi dung co bdn Id bilt cdn bd, diing cdn bd, cat nhac cdn bd, thuong yeu cdn bp vd phe binh cdn bp.
"Biet cdn bp" tuc Id ddnh gid diing pham chdt vd ndng l\ic ciia cdn bp. Cdng tdc ddnh gid cdn bp c6 vai trd rat quan trpng. Ddnh gid dling cdn bp Id cdn cu dl su dung cdn bp cd hif u qud. Ddnh gid cdn bp cdn Id cdn ctt cho cdng tdc ddo t^o, hudn luyf n cdn bp.
Ddnh gid diing cdn bp khdng chi nhdm phdt hifn cdi hay cua hp de khuyin khich, phdt huy, md cdn nhdm thay cdi dd ciia hp dk tim each giiip dd, khde phye. Hd Chi Minh ndi: "Ngudi d ddi, ai ciing cd chd tdt vd cho xdu. Ta phdi kheo ndng cao cho tdt,
LY LUAN CHINH TRI, S 6 4-2012
kheo sua chtta cho xdu cho hp" (Sdd, tr.279). E)l danh gid diing cdn bp. Ho Chi Minh yeu cau phdi co quan dilm bifn chiing. Quan dilm bifn chirng khdng djnh mpi sir vat, hifn tupng deu khdng ngimg bien doi. Cdn bp cung nhu vdy, "co ngudi khi trudc theo cdch mang md nay lai phdn cdch mang. Cd ngudi khi trudc khdng cdch mang ma nay lai tham gia each m^ng.
Tham chi c6 ngudi nay dang theo cdch mang, nhung sau ndy c6 the phdn cdch mang"; "Qud khu, hifn t^i vd tuong lai cua mpi ngudi khdng phdi ludn giong nhau"
(Sdd, tr.278). Vi thi, khi xem x^t, ddnh gid cdn bd, "quyet khdng nen chap nhat" md phdi c6 cai nhin toan difn. Vifc danh gid cdn bp khdng the chi can cii vdo nhihig bieu hien ben ngodi ciia hp, md phdi di sdu tim hieu bdn chat cua hp; khdng the chi dua vdo mdt viec lam ciia hp, ma phdi tim hieu tat cd cdc cdng viec md hp da thuc hien;
khdng the chi xem xet can bd trong mpt thdi diem, md phdi thay ro lich su cua hp.
C6 cdi nhin todn dien nhu vdy, ta mdi c6 the ddnh gid can bd mdt each diing ddn, khach quan.
Hd Chi Minh sdm thdy rd, c6 khdng it tat bfnh da xuat hifn khi tien hdnh ddnh gid cdn bp, chang han bfnh ua ngudi ta ninh minh, bfnh dem mpt cdi khudn khd nhat dinh, chat h?p md ldp vdo tdt cd mpi ngudi khde nhau, v.v.. Ddy deu Id nhihig cdn bfnh xudt hifn trong nhttng ngudi ldm cdng tdc cdn bd. Vi thi, dl cdng tdc ddnh gid cdn bp dupe dling ddn vd khdch quan, trudc het chinh nhihig ngudi ldm cdng tdc cdn bp phdi thudng xuyen tu ddnh gid lai minh, tyr bilt su phdi trdi cua minh, ttt dd tim cdch khac phuc nhihig sai lam, khuyet diem ciia
chinh minh. Minh cdng trong sdng, "cdng it khuylt diem thi cdch xem x6t cdn bp cdng dling" (Sdd, tr.278). Bilt minh Id khd, song khdng bilt minh thi khdng thi bilt ngudi.
"Tri ky" dl "tri nhdn" Id mpt quan dilm co bdn trong trilt hpc chinh tri, vdn hod chinh tri phuong Ddng truyin thong, dd kit tinh trong tu tudng Ho Chi Minh ve cdng tdc cdn bp trong thdi dai mdi.
"Dling can bp" tuc Id dyng nhdn. Id su dyng can bp. Yeu cau ciia diing cdn bp rdt don gidn Id "tuy tdi md diing ngudi" - giao cho cdn bp nhttng cdng vifc phu hpp vdi ndng luc ciia hp. Biet tiiy tdi md dung ngudi thi se phdt huy dupe ngudi tdi, do do ma cdng vifc thdnh cdng. Biet tiiy tdi md dimg ngudi khdng nhttng trdnh ldng phi ngudi tdi, md cdn c6 tdc dyng tich cue, lam cho ngudi tai ngdy cdng nhieu them, bdi dung ngudi diing ndng luc, sd trudng se phdt huy dupe cdi hay cua mdi ngudi, do dd md cdi dd ngdy cdng bi day lui, tdi ndng cua cdn bp ngdy cdng dupe ren luyen, phdt trien. Hd Chi Minh vilt: "Ndng lire cua ngudi khdng phdi hodn todn do tu nhien ma c6, md mpt phdn ldn do cdng tdc, do tap luyf n md cd. Ldnh d^o kheo, tdi nhd cd thi hod ra tdi to. Lanh dao khdng kheo, tdi to cung hod ra tdi nhd" (Sdd, tr.280).
Yeu cdu cua diing cdn bp tuy rdt don gidn, song trong thyc tl cd khdng it trudng hpp, vifc su dyng cdn bp lai bi chi phdi bdi nhttng cdn bfnh nhu ham diing nhttng ngudi bd con, than quen, ham dung ngirdi ninh hdt, v.v.. Nhttng can bfnh dy khdng chi gay hsii cho Ddng, Nhd nude, md cdn gay hai cho chinh nhttng ngudi khdng c6 ndng luc nhung lai dupe su dyng, bdi khi dupe dung tiing, cdi xdu trong hp se cdng
LY L U A N CHiNH TRI. s 6 4-2012
CO dilu kifn phdt triln, ldm cho cdi tot them hdng hdi. Nhu thi, cdng vifc nhat trong hp kho cd dilu kien phdt huy. djnh chay" (Sdd, tr.281). Nhu vdy, vifc cit
Hd Chi Minh yeu cdu nhttng ngudi lam "^^^ can bp phdi xuat phdt ttt hifu qud cdng tdc cdn bd phdi c6 long "dp lupng vT ^°^S. t^c thyc tl cua cdn bp, tu pham chat dai" thi mdi c6 thi ddnh gid vd su dyng cdn ^^ " ^ 8 ^V^ cua cdn bp, vd phdi c6 tac dyng bd mdt cdch chi cdng vd tu; Phdi c6 "tinh khuyin khich cdc cdn bp khde phin dau thdn rpng rai" thi mdi cd thi su dyng nhttng "^^^ l^n.
ngudi minh khdng ua; Phdi cd "tinh chju Hd Chi Minh luu y phdi cd cdch cat kho day bdo" thi mdi cd thi ndng dd nhttng nhdc cdn bp cho diing. Ngudi vilt: Cat nhdc dong chi cdn kem, giiip cho hp tiln bp; cdn bp, khdng nen ldm nhu "gid gao" (Sdd, Phdi "sdng sudt" thi mdi khdi bi bpn vu vo tr.282): Trudc khi cdt nhdc thi khdng xem bao vay, ma cdch xa cdn bp tot; Phdi cd x6t ky. Khi dd cat nhdc thi khdng giiip dd.
"thdi dp vui ve, than mat" thi cdc ddng chi Khi cdn bp mdc sai ldm thi ha cap, chd liic mdi vui long gdn gyi minh; Phdi xde dinh hp ldm khd, lai cat nhdc len. "Mpt cdn bp bi rd myc dich ciia su dyng cdn bp Id "dl thyc nhdc len thd xudng ba lan nhu thi la hdng hdnh day dii chinh sdch ciia Ddng vd Chinh cd ddi" (Sdd, tr.282). Theo Ho Chi Minh, phii" (Sdd, tr.279). cdch cdt nhdc cdn bd cung nhu cdch ddnh Da "tiiy tdi md dung ngudi", cdn phdi gia hifu qud cdng tdc cua cdn bp cd tdc tao dilu kifn dl cdn bp phdt huy nang lyc ^ipng trye tilp din "long ty tin, ty trpng"
ciia hp. Bk cd dupe dilu d6, Hd Chi Minh cua cdn bd. Ddi vdi moi ngudi, long ty tin, cho rdng, \ J6C hit phdi tao mdi trudng dan tu trpng c6 vai trd rat quan trpng. Vi thi, chu dk "cdn bd cd gan noi, cd gan di ra y ngudi lanh dao phdi bilt "tdn trpng", "vun kiin" (Sdd, tr.280). Ngudi lanh dao khdng trdng" long ty tin, tu trpng cua cdn bp.
dupe ty cao tu dai, md phdi nghe, phdi hdi Trong cdng tdc cat nhdc cdn bp, thdi dp do y kien cua cap dudi. Mdi trudng ddn chu se the hifn d vifc ddnh gid diing cdn bd, giao tao nen ddng luc tich cue thiic ddy can bp cdng vifc phii hpp vdi pham chdt vd ndng c6 sdng kien vd hang hdi ldm vifc. Ben lyc cdn bp, thudng xuyen quan tdm, dpng canh do, phdi manh dan trao quyen, giao vien, giiip do vd kip thdi nhdc nhd, udn ndn viec cho cdn bd. Trudc khi giao vifc cho sai lam vd khuyet didm cua edn b^. Khdng can bd, cdn hudng ddn ty my nhihig vdn dl nen de den khi sai lam vd khuylt dilm da CO bdn, rdi tao dieu kifn de cdn bp tich cyc, trd nen ndng ne mdi dem ra "chinh" mpt chu ddng thyc hifn cdng vifc. Khi dd trao lan. Nhu thi Id "dap" cdn bp. Cdn bp bi quyen, giao vifc, phdi cd niem tin ddi vdi "dap", mat di sy ty tin, thi ngudi hang hdi cdn bd. Tin tudng vd giao vifc vua Id mpt cung hod thdnh nan chi, ttt ndn chi md trd each ddo tao can bd, vua Id each tao dpng nen vd dyng.
lyc hdnh ddng cho cdn bd. Vl "Yeu thuong cdn bp", Hd Chi Minh Ve "cdt nhdc cdn bd". Ho Chi Minh cho neu quan dilm: Ddng "phdi thuong yeu cdn rdng, vifc "Cdt nhdc cdn bp, phdi vi edng bp". Day Id quan dilm thi hifn tinh nhan tdc, tdi ndng, vi cd ddng cho ddng chi khde vdn sau sdc trong tu tudng Hd Chi Minh vl
LY LUAN CHINH TRI, SO 4-2012
cdng tdc can bp. Tinh nhdn vdn ay dupe khuylt dilm, md Id nhChig ngudi cd khd hinh thdnh ttt chinh thyc te tien hdnh cdng ndng nh^n thuc dupe sai lam, khuyet diem tdc cdn bp trong sy nghifp ddu tranh cdch ciia minh, tim ra nguyen nhdn vd cdch khde mang. Ngudi chi rd: "Khdng phdi vdi ba phye nhttng sai lam, khuylt dilm ay.
thdng, ho^c vdi ba ndm, md ddo t^o dupe £)^j ^^-^ ^g^^j i^^^ jao, H 6 Chi Minh mpt ngudi cdn bp t6t. Nhung c4n phdi cdng yg^ ^x^ p^^i ^^^ 4j„h rd: 'Tru nhttng tdc, tranh dau, huin luyfn Idu ndm^mdi ^^^^- ^^ ^ ^^^ ^^^-^ „go^i ^^ ^ 5 „ g ^. ^x ^ dupe. Trdi l^i, trong liic tranh dau, rat dl ^^. j . ^ ^ ^^. , . ^ j ^ ^j ^ - ^ ^ ^..^^ ^ . ^ ^ mat mpt ngudi cdn bp" (Sdd, tr.282). ^.^.^„ ^g^^^ ^^ 283). Vi vdy, ddi vdi cdn bp
^ Nhung thuong yeu cdn bp khdng phdi Id msc sai lam, phdi tim cdch dl cho hp tu vd vl, nudng chilu, phd mdc. Theo Hd Chi nh$n rd sai lam dd, ldm cho hp vui long, ty Minh, thuong yeu cdn bp "Id giiip hp hpc ^guy^n sua d6i. Tuyf t d6i trdnh thdi dp quy tap them, tiln bp them. Ld giiip hp gidi ^.^yp^ cdng kich.
quylt nhung vin dl khd khdn sinh ho^t, ^ i ^ ngdy thudng thi dilu kifn dl chiu, khi dau ]^' "]^'^"' ^' '"' ' ^ ' ^ ^ "° ' ^ " ^ ' ° ^ '
dm dupe chdm nom, gia dinh hp khdi kh6n "^''" '^^P ^^' "*^° "^" " ° ^^' ^ ' " ^ ^^°
qudn, v.v.." (Sdd, tr.283). Thuong yeu cdn ' ^ ^ phdi su dyng mpt cdch hpp ly cdch giai bd cdn Id ludn ludn chii y din cdng tdc ciia ^^'""^ ^^"^^t phye, cdm hod, day bdo vd cdch hp. Hi thdy khuylt dilm thi giiip hp sua ^^ P^^^: "hodn todn khdng dung xu phat la chua ngay. He thiy uu dilm thi dpng vien, ^ ° " 8 <*""g- ^ ^ ^^"t gi cung dung din xu khuyin khich hp. P^^t cung khdng diing" (Sdd, tr.284).
"Phe binh cdn bd" tuc Id thdi dp iing xu ^^°^& tu tudng Ho Chi Minh vl cdn bf ddi vdi cdn bd khi hp cd sai lam, khuylt ^^ ^^ng tdc cdn bp, ta thdy sy thdng nhat dilm. Quan dilm nin tdng cua Hd Chi g^^^ tinh khoa hgc, tinh ngh^ thudt, \ai\ugi Minh d day Id "Ngudi ddi ai ciing ed 1^" tren tdt cd Id tinh nhdn vdn sdu sdc.
khuylt dilm. Cd ldm vifc thi cd sai lam" Cdng tdc cdn bp Id vifc ldm hf trpng va (Sdd, tr.283). Chinh vi thi, ngudi edn bp tinh tl, vi thi phdi dupe suy tu vd thyc hifn khdng cd gi phdi sp sai lim vd khuylt dilm. tren co sd tdn trpng nhdn cdch con ngudi va
' ^ Y f t
Vdn de Id d eho hp cd n h ^ ra vd cd gdng theo hudng khoi d|iy, phdt huy m$t tich cyc, sua chtta sai ldm, khuylt dilm khdng, vd m$t thifn dl ddy liii m$t tieu cyc, m^t dc ngudi ldnh dao cd tim ra cdch giiip cdn bp trong moi con ngudi. Cdng tdc cdn bp trong sua chtta sai lam, kiiuylt dilm khdng. chl dp xa hpi cua chiing ta dya tren vd the Ddi vdi cdn bp c6 sai lam, khuylt dilm, hifn ldng yeu thuong vd quy trpng cdn bf Hd Chi Minh so sdnh hp vdi nhttng ngudi sau sdc. Chinh quan dilm dd ldm nen gid tri c6 bfnh trong minh. Muon khdi bfnh thi vd sue sdng ciia tu tudng Ho Chi Minh vl phdi cd gan n6i ra bfnh ciia minh vdi bdc sT cdn bp vd edng tdc can bO. Hpc tap tu vd cd gdng chtta bfnh cho ky hit. Mpt tudng Hd Chi Minh vl cdn bp va cdng tac ngudi cdn bp chan chinh cdch mang khdng cdn bp thi trudc hit cdn phai tilp thu gid trj phdi Id ngudi khdng bao gid c6 sai lim, nhdn van sau sdc iy.a
8 LY L U A N CHINH TRI. S 6 ' 4-201B
