NGHIEN CVV - TRAO DOI
VE Stir DUNG MANG MAY TINH,
MANG V I £ N T H O N G , PHUONG TIEN DIEN TUT THUC HIEN HANH VI CHIEM DOAT TAI SAN
NGUYEN QUY KHUYEN*
Bang nhimg vi du cy thi, tic gia di phin ti'ch, lam ro hanh vi khich quan cua T6i sfr dung mang may tinh, mgng vien thdng, phu-tfng ti|n difn tw thyc hifn hanh vi chilm doat tai san; dong thdi, chi ra cac die diim dl phin bift giira t§i nay vdi Toi tr§m cip tii sin v i Toi lira dio chilm dogt tii sin.
Tie khoa: Toi phgm cong nghe cao; chiem doat tdi sdn; Dieu 290 Bo ludt Hinh su ndm 2015.
..Uh^n.PAEPJ/?/i919j.]n§J}JM^^^ dmi i>di: 07/4/2020 Theo quy djnh tai khoin I Didu 290 Bd
luit Hinh sy nam 2015, sua ddi, bd sung nam 2017 (gpi tat Ii BLHS nam 2015), Tdi sir dung mang may tinh, mang vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn tii thyc hidn hanh vi chidm dogt tii san ed 05 nhdm hinh vi khich quan sau diy:
Thit nhdt, sir (hmg thdng tin vd tii khoan, the ngin hang cua co quan, td chiic, ci nhan dd chidm doat tai sin eiia chu the, chu tai khoin hoac thanh toan djch vu, mua hing hda (didm a khoan 1 Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015).
Khi cd thdng tin tai khoin, the ngan hang cua nan nhan, ngudi pham tdi se sir dyng tii khoan, the ngin hang dd dd chidm doat tii sin ciia chu tii khoan, chii the nhu; Riit tien, chuydn tidn sang tii khoin khic hogc the ngin hang khic hoae thanh toan dich vu, mua hang hda mi ngudi phatn tdi sir dung hoae mua.
Dd cd dugc thdng tin tai khoin, thd ngan hang cua nan nhin, ngudi pham tdi cd till ty bidt, ttdm cap thdng tin, mua hoac cd dugc thdng tin tii nhung ngudi ban, cung cap bit hgp phip. Vi du: H da ttdm cap 01 the ATM Shinhan Bank ciia chj O (d ciing phdng ttg). Do bidt dugc mat khiu the ATM la phuong tien thanh toin didn tir cua chj O, H da dimg the ATM ttdm cap dugc den eiy ATM de rut tidn. H da nit dugc sd tidn 2.250.000 ddng vi chidm dogt sd tidn nay. Nhu viy, H da cd hanh vi sir dung the va mat khau the ATM dd chiem doat sd tidn ttong tii khoan ngin hang ciia nan nhin.
Hiiih vi cua H bj Toi an kdt in vd Tdi su dung mang miy tinh, mang vien thdng, phuong tidn didn tu thyc hidn hinh vi chidm doat tii san theo diem a khoan I
Th^c sl, Trirang Bai hoc Kiem sat Ha Noi.
Tap chi _KIEM SAT I 3 7
^kdj)^ tnUCng. JC^ mem 130 ndm QlgAg Unk @hu uen ifVd mu j/iinn (19/5/1890 19/5/2020)
Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015^
Thu hai, lam, tang Iru, mua ban, sii dyng, luu hinh thd ngan hang gii nhim chidm dogt tai san eiia chii tii Idioin, ehu the hogc thanh toan hang hda, dich vy (didm b khoin I Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015).
The ngin hang la phuang tidn thanh toin do td chirc phit hinh the phit hinh dd thyc hidn giao dich the theo cie didu kidn vi didu khoin dugc eae ben thoa tiiuin. The ngin hing bao gdm: The ghi np, thd tin dyng, the tti trudc... The ngan hing gii Ii the khdng do td chirc phit hinh the phat hanh nhung ed chiia eae thdng tin ciia the thgt, chu thd thgt^. Nhdm hinh vi khich quan nay gdm cie hinh vi sau:
- Lam the ngan hing gii Ii hinh vi cd y cua ngudi khdng cd tham quydn phit hanh the nhung da sir dung mgng miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn tir dd thye hidn hinh vi chidm doat tai san bing vi$c sin xuit, phat hinh the ngan hang cd chiia cae thdng tin cua the that, chii the that. Thii dogn san xuit the gii thudng Ii ngudi phgm tgi mua hoac danh cap thdng tin vd the ngan hang ciia ngudi khic, sau do dung phuong tidn didn hi chuyen dung dl ghi thdng tm the ngin hing vio dai bang tir cua phdi the ngan hang tring. Nhu viy, ngudi pham tdi da lim ra dugc the ngin hang gia. Vi dy: Nam 2011, Looi HawShyan va A Phong ngudi Malaysia ddn Viet Nam Iam the ngan hang gii. Sau khi nhan phdi the, Looi HawShyan dung phuong tidn dien tir in dir Ueu vio thd (du lieu do A Phong giri vao email cua Looi HawShyan). Kdt cpia Looi HawShyan da
1. Ban an so 59/2017/HSST ngay 28/9/2017 cua T6a an nhan dSn huyln Binh Xuyen, tinh Vuih Phiic.
2. Khoan 9 Di6u 3 Thong tit s6 19/2016/TT-NHNN ngay 30/6/2016 cua Th6ng d6c Ngan hang Nha nu6c Vi|t Nam quy dinh v^ ho^t d^ng the ngan hang.
lam dugc 175 the ngan hang gii, ttong do cd 60 the gii loai ATM, 115 tiie gii logi Visa vi Master. A Phong thda thuin chia cho Looi HawShyan hudng 5% sd tidn chidm doat dugc vi Looi HawShyan giao the cho eie ddi tugng eiia A Phong dd thyc hidn cie giao dich nit tidn vi thanh toan hang hda, djch vu hang ttam trieu ddng. Hinh vi ciia Looi HawShyan Ii hinh vi Iam the ngin hang gii.
- Tang trii, mua bin, sir dung, lira hinh the ngan hang gii nham chidm dogt tai sin la hanh vi eiia ngudi bidt ro Ii the ngan hing gia nhung vin cd y ting trii, mua bin, sir dung, luu hinh nhim chidm dogt tii sin ciia ngudi khie. Vi du: Hai ddi tugng Tan Wei Hong va Choi qudc tich Malaysia da dugc mdt ngudi qudc tich Singapore cung cip cho 13 the tin dung gii dd sir dung. Theo thda thuan ndu su dung the ngan hing gii, cie ddi tugng niy se dugc hudng 30% gii tri tidn theo hoa don mua hang. Hai ddi tugng nay da sir dyng the tin dung gii ttdn dl mua sim hing hda, thanh toan ve may bay, an, d ttong khich sgn Mettopol tgi thinh phd H trudc khi bi bat giii. Hanh vi cua Tan Wei Hong vi Choi la hinh vi sur dung the ngin hing gia.
Thu ba, tmy cap bit hgp phip vao tii khoin ciia co quan, td chirc, ei nhin nhim chidm dogt tii sin (didm c khoan I Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015).
Tai khoan cua co quan, td chiie, ei nhan bao gdm: Tii khoan ngin hing; tii khoan cie mgng xi hdi nhu facebook, zalo, email...; tai khoan su dung eie website ed tiiu phi nhu:
Thuvienphapluat.vn, co sd dii Ueu phap luit trye tuy&i Heinonline, tai khoin edng thanh toan, tii Idioan choi game onUne...
Hinh vi tray cap bit hgp phip vao tai khoan cua co quan, td chtic, ci nhan nhim chidm doat tai sin la hinh vi vugt qua cinh I Tap chi
3 8 I KIEM SAT_
NGHIEN CUV-TRAO D^I
bio, mi truy cap, tudng ilia, su dung quydn quan trj eua ngudi khic hoae cie phuang thiie khae ttuy eip bit hgp phip vio tii khoin eiia CO quan, td ehiie, ca nhin nhim chilm dogt tai sin cua ngudi khic. Mue dich cd thd Ii truy cap bit hpp phip vio tai khoan ngin hing ciia nan nhin dd nit tidn, chuydn tidn sang tii khoin khae; sii dung tii khoin dl lira dio chidm dogt tidn cua ngudi khic; su dung cie website cd thu phi ma khdng phii tri tidn.
Vi du: H da gui tiidng tin gii dl chj L cung cip tii khoan facebook cua mmh. Sau dd, H truy cap vao tii khoan facebook cua chi L, ddi mat khiu dd chidm quydn sir dung tii khoan facebook hay. H sii dung tii khoin facebook cua chj L giri tin nhan cho cie tii khoin facebook ttong danh sich ban be ciia chj L vdi ndi dung dang thilu tidn, cin nhd mua tiid didn thoai d$ giii quydt cdng vide. Tudng Ii tin nhan cua chi L, mdt sd ngudi bgn cua chj da mua cae the cio didn thoai di ddng cua cie nhi mgng, cag mi the, chyp anh ma thd va sd seri the giri qua facebook cho H. Sau khi nhan dupe ma thd cao didn thoai giri ddn, H da chidm dogt vi ngp vao tai khoan game eua nunh dd choi bii Rlkvip. Tdng sd tidn H chidm dogt cua 03 ngn nhan la trdn 3,5 trieu ddng. Nhu vgy, hinh vi ciia H da phgm vio diim c khoan 1 Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015 khi tray cap trii phep vio tai khoan facebook eua chj L, sau dd sii dimg tai khoin nay dd chiem dogt tii san cua ngudi khac.
Thu tu, lira dio ttong thuong mai didn td, thanh toan didn tii, kinh doanh tidn td, huy ddng vdn, kinh doanh da cip hoae giao djch chiing khoan qua mgng nhim chidm dogt tai sin (didm d khoin 1 Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015).
Trong nhdm hanh vi niy, ngudi phgm tgi sur dung mang miy tinh, mang vidn thdng, phuong tidn di?n tir dd lira dio nham chidm
doat tii san cua ngudi khic thude mdt ttong 05 Imh vyc sau:
- Lira dio ttong lmh vuc thuong mai dien tu: Hoat ddng thuong mai didn tir la vide tidn hinh mdt phan hoac toan bd quy trinh cua boat ddng thuang mai bang phuang tidn didn tii cd ket ndi vdi mang intemet, mang vidn thdng di ddng hoac cie mgng md khac^. Loi dung die didm ciia thuang mai dien tu Ii ngudi mua vi ngudi ban khdng trye tidp gap nhau va ngudi mua phai tra tidn trudc, ngudi ban tiiudng chao hang khdng dimg vdi hang dugc giao vd sd lugng, chit lugng, miu ma, ehiing logi... hoae Ididng giao hang sau khi da nhin tidn. Sau khi nhin dugc tidn, chiing nhanh chdng nit tidn va cat dirt Udn lac tiiidc khi bj phat hidn. Vi du: B da cd hanh vi lira dio qua mang intemet bang hinh thiic dang quang eao ttdn mang va rao ban dd gia dung.
Khi cd khach hing mua, B ydu ciu dat cgc nhung sau dd khdng giao hang, khdng tta lai tidn, cat dut lidn Igc dd chidm doat tai san cua bj hai. Vdi thii dogn nay, B da lira dio 03 ngudi, chidm doat hon 170 trieu dong. Hanh vi eiia B la hinh vi sir dung mang may tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn hi de lira dao ttong thuong mai didn tir.
- Lira dao ttong thanh toan didn tii: Theo cich hidu ehung, thanh toin didn tii la thanh toin tidn thdng qua cie thdng diep didn tir thay cho vide dimg tidn mat hoac sec trye tidp hoac qua dudng bun didn khi mua hing hda hogc sir dung djch vu. Cac hinh thirc thanh toin didn txi hidn dang dugc sir dung phd bidn nhu: Thanh toan bang the tin dung, the ghi np vi the mua hing; thanh toan true tuydn; thanh toan bang vi didn tu; thanh toan bang thiit bj di ddng thdng nunh; thanh toin
3. Khoan 1 Dieu 3 Nghj dinh so 52/2013/ND-CP ngay 16/5/2013 ciia Chioh phu quy duih v'e, thucmg mai di^n tir.
Tap chi So 09/2020 ^ K I E M SAT I 3 9
&taa nuleng. X^ niim 130 nam QlgMy. tinh &iu (19/5/1890-19/5/2020)
itcn. auo- vf^iL ^njuiw*.
qua chuydn khoin n g i n hang...
Thii dogn pham tdi thudng I i dua ra thdng tin gian ddi dd ngn nhin tin Ii that m i cung c i p thdng tin v l cie edng eu thanh tOEm didn tu nhu: Tdn dang nhip, mat khau tiny eip, mat Idiiu giao dich (OTP). Sau do ngudi pham tgi sii dung cie thdng tin ttdn tmy cap v i o tii khoin cua cae edng ey thanh toin dd chidm dogt tii sin ciia nan nhin bang each rut tidn, chuydn tidn sang tai khoin khic h o ^ thanh toan cac hang hda, dich vy ma ngudi pham tdi da mua, su dyng.
Vi d y D tn^' c ^ vao web ht^:/Avww.vianettcom de dang ky tm nhin midn phi cd ma vimg nude ngoai rdi nhan tin v i o sd didn thogi cua ngudi bi hai vdi ndi dung "tii khoin eua ban da nhin dupe tidn tii mdt tai khoin d nude ngoii chuydn ddn"; ddng thdi cung eip mdt dudng link do D l i p dd ngudi bj hgi truy eip, didn cie thdng tin tai Idioin ngin hang dd nhan tidn (nhiing thdng tin nay tiiue chit se dupe chuydn vd cho D). D sir dyng cie thdng tin tii khoin ngin hang ciia nan nh&i dd tray cip vao tii khoin, chuydn tidn d&i tii khoan vi didn tir eua D. Sau do, D tidp tuc trd chuydn vdi ngn nhin ydu ciu nhip ma OTP giri vd didn thogi eua chu tii khoin (nan nhin) de hoan tit vide chuydn tidn. Sau khi ed ma OTP eiia nan nhin, D nhip ma va hoin t i t chuyen tidn tir tai khoan eua nan nhan sang tii khoin eua D. Vdi tiiu dogn nay, D da chidm dogt tai s i n cua 03 ngn nhan vdi tdng sd tidn Ii 274 trieu ddng.
H i n h vi cua D I i hanh vi su dyng cdng nghd thdng tui liia dao ttong thanh toin didn tir.
- Liia d i o ttong Iihh vyc kinh doanh tidn td, huy ddng vdn: Thdng qua mgng m i y tinh, mang vidn thdng, phuang tidn didn tu, bang thu dogn dua ra thdng tin gian ddi ttong kinh doanh tidn td, huy ddng vdn nhu hiia hen lai suit eao, Igi nhuan Idn... dd
khach hang tin tudng giao tai san, nop tidn cho minh, sau dd chi&n doat cae tii san dd.
Vi dy: T v i V ban bgc thdng nhit vdi nhau lap website ao, van ddng nhiiu ngudi tham gia dau tu tii chinh ed lai suit eao dd Iiia d i o chidm dogt tidn. Hai ddi tugng da dua ra thdng tin website nay ed tiii sd hogt dpng tgi Campuehia, chuydn kinh doanh ITnh vyc sdng bai, vu tmdng, du lich... cin huy d^ng vdn Idn, Igi nhugn cao. Nhidu ngudi da tin tudng v i gui tidn gdp vdn eho 02 ddi tugng trdn vdi sd tidn la 7,1 ty ddng. Hai ddi tugng da chi&n doat sd tidn ttdn ciia cae nan nhin.
Nhu viy, cie ddi tugng da lap ra trang web g i i dd huy ddng vdn d i u tu, sau do chidm doat sd vdn gdp ciia ngudi bj hai.
- Lira d i o ttong kinh doanh da cap:
Ngudi pham tgi sir dyng edng nghd thdng tin, mang vidn thdng dd thye hidn hanh vi gian ddi ttong vide tuydn ngudi v i o hd thdng ban hang da cip, b i n hing h o i theo md hinh da c i p hoac t r i thudng... vdi Idi hiia se dugc hudng hoa hdng, tiln thudng hoac lai suit cao. Sau Idii ngudi tham gia mang ludi b i n hing da cip ndp tidn, mua hing dd tham gia he thdng, ddi tugng se chidm dogt tai s i n do. Vi du: H da lip ra 03 website giao djch thuang mgi di?n tir gdm:
giaodichtraetuyen.com.vn, vionline.eom.vn v i nhadattaythanh.com.vn dd ban cie gian h i n g thuong mai dien hi, kinh doanh bit ddng san v i hogt ddng kinh doanh da eip khdng cd giiy phep. Mac du khdng cd gian h i n g hda dd b i n nhung H da dua ra thdng tin sai v l h i n g h o i v i k h i nang sinh Igi cao va e i e p h i n thudng cd g i i tri dd tao nidm tin cho ngudi bj hgi ddng tien tham gia. Vdi md hinh b i n hang da c i p , H da b i n cho khoing 1.800 ngudi ttdn 20 tinh, t h i n h phd ttong c i nude, vdi sd tidn ttdn 50 ty ddng. Qua do, chidm dogt cua 245
Tap chi
KIEM SAT_ So 09/2020
NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI
ngudi bj hgi sd tidn hon 05 ty ddng.
- Lira dao ttong giao djch chiing khoin;
Sir dyng mgng miy tinh, mang vidn thdng, phuang tidn didn td lira dio ttong giao djch chiing khoan Ii hinh vi sir dung mang miy tinh, mang vidn tiidng, phuong tidn dien td thye hifn vi$c lira dio ttong vide mua bin hoae thanh toan eie ehiing khoan. Thii doan pham tdi thudng la su dung mgng miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tifn didn td lim ra chimg khoin gia dd ban hoae hiia tri loi nhuan cao dd huy ddng vdn diu tu ehung Idioin sau do chiem dogt vdn'^; hogc du ngudi mua ed phieu chuydn tien den tii Idioan ngin hang ti:ung gian rdi chuydn cho cdng ty chimg khoin nhung thyc chit Ii tai Idioin eiia ddi tugng lua dio vi cie ddi tugng da chidm dogt sd tidn ttdn...
Thu ndm, thidt lip, cung cip ttii phep djch vu vidn thdng, intemet nhim chilm doat tii sin (diim d khoin 1 Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015).
Day Ii hinh vi sii dung mgng may tinh, mgng viln thdng, phuong tidn didn tir dd thidt lip, eung eip djch vu vidn thdng, intemet nhung khdng dugc phep hogc khdng dung giiy phep do co quan nhi nude ed thim quydn cip nhim chidm doat tii sin. Thuc td da xiy ra nhidu tradng hgp nhu vay, nhung BLHS nam 1999 ehua cd quy djnh eu till, do do, cdn nhidu quan diim khic nhau. Vide quy dinh hinh vi niy ttong Dilu 290 eua BLHS nam 2015 da giai quyit dugc nhiing vudng mic trong thyc tidn xir Iy hinh sy hinh vi niy. Hanh vi phgm tdi cd thd dugc thye hi?n bing mgt ttong hai thii dogn sau:
Mot Id, ngudi pham tdi sir dung ky thugt
4. Nhat Minh, "Hai chieu lira pho bien tren thi trucmg chimg khodn ", https://viiexpress.net/kinh-doanh/2-chieu- l u a - p h o - b i e n - t r e n - t h i - t r u o n g - c h u n g - k h o a n 2715571.htnil, tmy cap ngiy 25/2/2019.
VSAT (thidt bi diu eudi khiu do nhd - very smaU aperture terminaU) chidm doat cudc vien tiidng. Ngudi phan tdi sir dung thidt bi thu phit tin hidu qua vd tinh dd chuydn cudc ggi ra nude ngoai bit hgp phip. Vdi thiet bj la mdt ang-ten Parabol vi mdt Ihidt bj xir ly tin hidu chuydn ddi, cie cudc dam thoai qudc tl thanh cugc gpi ndi hat, do dd, ngudi pham tdi chi phai tii cudc phi ndi hgt re hon tiiay vi phai tta cudc phi qudc td. Trade day, ngudi phgm tdi hay sir diing thu doan niy, nhung do dd bi phit hidn ndn hidn nay it sir dimg.
Hai Id, sir dung bit hgp phap dudng tmyin mtemet dl chiem doat cudc vien thdng. Thdng thudng, cie cudc ggi qudc td dugc traydn qua mang intemet vd Mdt Nam se dugc Cdng ty vien thdng qudc td Vidt Nam (VTI) dimg thidt bj ghep ndi kdnh PHS dd kdt ndi vdi eie miy dien thogi cd djnh hoae tiie SIM dien thogi di ddng ttong nude vi ngugc lai. Ngudi ggi phii tti cudc vidn thdng tinh tiieo cudc gpi, thdi gian gpi, tiiudng la mit nhidu tidn. Ngudi sii diing ciing cd thd lip mgng vidn thdng ndi bd bing cich thud kdnh ridng cua cie nhi cung cip ha ting mang, lip ra mang ndi bd dl Uen lac vdi nhau. Ngudi sir dung clii phii tti phi intemet theo gdi du Ueu nen re hon nhiiu so vdi cudc vidn thdng. Tuy nhidn, ngudi su dung chi dugc phep Udn lac vdi nhau ttong phgm vi mgng ndi bd, khdng dupe kit ndi vdi mang didn thogi cdng cdng. Thii doan ngudi phan tdi sir dung Ii thud mpt kdnh ndi bd, sau dd bi mit sir dung bit hgp phip thiit bj didn tii ghep ndi kdnh PHS dd hdn Igc true tidp vdi mgng di$n tiioai cdng cdng bing didn thoai cd djnh hogc the SIM didn thoai di ddng. Khi ggi di?n thoai qudc td, thay vi phii tii cudc vien thdng qude td cd chi phi cao, ddi tugng ehi phii tti tiln thud kdnh ngi bd ed phi mtemet re. Qua do, Tap chi _KIEMSAT I
^kd» mUtng JCg niem 130 ndm Qftg.d^ sink ^ka uen dvi^ ^mt jiutui - . _ (19/5/1890 19/5/2020) ^^ ^ ngudi phgm tdi chidm doat dugc khoan tidn
cudc phi vidn tiidng qude td. Thii doan nay hidn nay dang dugc su dyng phd bidn ban ky tiiuit VSAT, vi khd phit hidn.
Theo quy djnh tai khoan 1 Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015, cie hinh vi trdn chi dupe xic dinh Ii Tdi sir dung mang miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuang tidn didn tir thye hidn hanh vi chidm doat tai sin ndu "khdng thupc tiirdng hgp quy djnh tgi Didu 173 vi Dilu 174" eua BLHS nam 2015. Do dd, ein phan bidt rd hanh vi sir dung mgng miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn tu thyc hidn hanh vi chidm doat tii san vdi hinh vi trdm cap tii sin vi hinh vi lua dio chidm doat tai sin quy djnh tai Dilu 173 vi Dilu 174 BLHS nam 2015. Theo nguydn tie djnh tpi, tradng hgp vira thda man diu hidu ciu thanh tdi pham ciia tdi pham cd tinh chit ehung, vira thoi man cau thanh tdi phgm cua tdi phgm cd tinh chit ridng, chimg ta se dinh tdi theo tdi pham cd tinh chit ridng. Do do, ngoai diu hidu tdi phgm ehung Ii mue dich phgm tgi dd chidm dogt tii sin, cin phan bidt ro diu hieu pham tdi die tnmg ttong hinh vi sir dung mang miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuang tidn di?n tir dd chilm doat tai sin vdi hinh vi ttdm cap tii san vi hinh vi lua dio chilm doat tai sin quy djnh tgi Didu 173 va Didu 174 BLHS nam 2015. Nhu vay, ehi khi thda man eie dae didm rieng eua Tdi sir dung mang miy tinh, mang vidn thdng, phuang tidn didn tii thye hidn hanh vi chidm dogt tii san (Didu 290) chiing ta mdi djnh tdi niy.
Cac die diim ridng dd djnh tpi niy nhu sau:
Mot Id, ngudi pham tgi "sii dung mang may tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tien didn tii" dl chidm doat tii sin. Tradng hgp Ididng su dung mgng miy thih, mgng vidn thdng, phuang tidn didn tir dd chidm dogt tai sin thi khdng thoa man die diem niy. Tuy nhidn, cd
hudng hgp ngudi pham tdi ciing sir dung mang miy tinh, mang vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn tii nhung cie phuong tien niy khdng cd y nghta ttong vide chidm doat tai sin, mi chi la phuong tidn Udn lac, trao ddi, luu giii sd U?u... tiii ciing khdng thoi man die diem nay. Vi du: Ngudi pham tgi nhin tin didn thogi dd liia nan nhin dem tien ddn dua eho ddi tugng khac (gii lam ngudi quen nhinhd). Tradng hgp niy mac dii cd sic dung mgng vidn thdng nhung chi Ii phuong tidn Udn lac vdi nan nhan, chii khdng phm Ii phuong tidn chidm doat tii sin.
Hai la, ngudi phgm tdi sir dung mang miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn tu dd chidm doat tii sin thdng qua mdt ttong nam logi hanh vi dugc quy dinh tgi didm a, b, c, d vi d khoin I Dilu 290 BLHS nam 2015 da trinh biy d ttdn. Trudng hgp, ngudi pham t^i ciing sir dung mang may tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuong tidn didn td dd chiem doat tii sin nhung khdng thude mdt ttong 05 ttudng hgp tgi khoin 1 Dieu 290 thi ciing khdng thd djnh tdi nay. Khi dd, ndu thoa min ciu thanh tdi pham cua Tdi ttdm cap tii san ^Oidu 173) hogc Tdi liia dio chiem dogt tii sin (Dieu 174) thi se djnh tdi vd tdi do.
Nhu viy, dd xic dinh hanh vi khich quan eua Tdi sii dyng mang miy tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuang tidn didn tu thyc hidn hanh vi chidm doat tii san ^idu 290) can xic dugc cac ydu td: (1) Cdng cu, phuong tien ma ngudi pham tdi sir dung dd chidm dogt tai san Ii mang miy tinh, mang vidn tiidng, phuang tidn didn tir; (2) Ngudi pham tdi sii dung mgng may tinh, mgng vidn thdng, phuang tidn dien tii thyc hidn chidm dogt tii sin thdng qua mdt ttong nam nhdm hanh vi quy dinh tai khoin 1 Didu 290 BLHS nam 2015.0 Tap chi
4 2 I KIEM S A T ^ 5509/2020
