Danh gia
thi/c trang hoat dong dao tao cua cac tru'dng su" pham
6 Viet Nam
Tdm tat
Ndng cao chdt lugng ddo tgo (CLDT) cua cdc trUdng sUphgm cd vai tro dac biet quan trgng gdp phdn bdo dam sff thdnh cdng cua sff nghiep doi mdi gido due dgi hgc (GDDH) d Viet Nam. Tuy nhiin, trong thdi gian gdn ddy, chd't lugng ddo tgo ngdnh suphgm dang cdn nhieu bdt cap. Bdi vie't cung cdp mgt cdi nhin tong quan vi thffc trgng hogt dgng ddo tgo cdc trudng dgi hgc ndi chung vd cdc trudng suphgm ndi rieng d Viet Nam. Trin ca sd dd, bdi vii't da di xudt mgt sd kii'n nghi nham gdp phdn ndng cao hogt dgng ddo tgo cua cdc trudng dgi hgc sU phgm (DHSP) trong thdi gian tdi.
Tii khda: ddo tgo, chdt lugng ddo tgo, irUdng dgi hgc suphgm Smnmary
Improvement of training quality of pedagogical schools has a particularly important role in the success of education renovation. However, the quality of pedagogical training stays inadequate. This paper provides an overview of the current training situalion in universities in general and pedagogical schools in particular in Vielnam. On that basis, it proposes a number of recommendations lo improve training activities of pedagogical schools in the future.
Keywords: training, training quality, pedagogical schools
GIOI THIEU mpt phan rd't quan trong la do cha't Iffdng dpi ngu giao vien cdc ca'p chffa dffdc cai CLDT dai hpe la kdt qua cua qua trinh dao lao d thidn mdt cdeh can ban ve cha'l Iffdng.
bdc dai hpe phan anh d eac dac trffng ve phd'm cha't. So lu'dng giao vien edn thie'u d mpt sd gid tri nhdn cdeh vd gid tri sffc lao dpng hay nang Iffc cd'p hoc, ty le giao vien trdn sinh vidn/
hdnh nghe eua ngffdi tot nghiep tffdng ffng vdi muc hpc sinh cdn cao so vdi nhieu qud'c gia lieu, chffdng trinh dao tao cua eac nganh, nghd cu the eo nen gido due tien tid'n tren the' gidi (Nguydn Thi Qud' Anh, 2017). Ndng cao CLDT cd vai Day la vd'n dd cua ea hd thd'ng giao due tro quan trpng giffp ndng eao vi the vd thffdng hifu song trong dd, cd traeh nhiem ra't ldn cia Clia trffdng dai hoe tren thi trffdng, eung nhff gdp phan cac trffdng dai hoc va cao d^ng sff pham nang cao, phat tndn ngudn nhdn Iffc chat Iffdng eao - ndi dao tao ra cdc "may ca!"choca"he cho da't nffdc. _ thd'ng gido due qudc ddn.
Nhffng ndm gan ddy, gido due Viet Nam da cd
nhffng bffdc phdt trie'n quan trpng vdi sff gia tang vd PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CLTU sd Iffdng trffdng (cdng lap, tff thuc) va sd Iffdng hoc
sinh, smh vidn. Tuy nhien, ehd't Iffdng GDDH Viet Bai viet sff dung cac dff lieu thff cao Nam hien nay cdn chffa dap ffng dffdc yeu cau ciia gdm cac nghidn effu cd hen quan cdc dff ngudn nhan Iffc trong thdi ky hdi nhdp va cdch mang lieu thd'ng kd trong Nien aiiiin Thd'ns kd cdng nghiep. Chd't Iffdng giao due cham dffdc cdi thidn cua Tong cue Thd'ng kd. MV hg u the'nf k"
' Tru'dng Dai hoc Sif pham Ha Iioi 2
Ngay nhan hai: 05/12/2019; Ngdy phdn bien 12/12/2019; Ngdy duyet ddnv 22/12/2019
106
BANG 1: QUY MO TRtfCiNG, SIHH VIEN VA GIANG VIEN 0^^! HQC CONG LAP GIAI DOAN 2010-2017 STT
1
2
3
CbisfTthfiiagkg
Tri^ifng Dai
Sinh vien
Giang viSn
Cong lap Ngoai cong lap
Tfl'ng so' Cong lap Ngoai c6ng lap
Tong sS*
Cong lap Ngoai cong lap
Tong sa' TylfSV/GV(%)
2010-2011 138
50 18S 1.246.400 189.500 1.435.900 43.400 7.600 51.000 28,15
2013-2014 156
58 214 L493.354
176.669 1.670.023 52.500 12.706 65.206 25,61
2014-2015 159
60 219 1.596.754
227.574 1.824.328 52.689 12.975 65.664 27,77
2015-2016 163
60 223 1.520.807 232 367 1.753.174 .55.401 14.190 69.591 25,19
2016-2017 170
65 235 1.523.904 243.975 1.767.879 57.634 15.158 72.792 24,28
tff Bd Giao due va Ddo tao. Cdc thdng tin, dff lieu nay dffdc thu thap bang phffdng phdp nghien cffu tai ban.
KET QUA NGHIEN cOu Thffc trang hoat ddng dao tao cac trifcfng dai hpc cf Viet Nam hien nay
Ket qua thdng kd cua Bd Gido due va Dao tao cho tha'y, ed sff gia tang ve quy md cua cde trffdng dai hoe, cao dang (cdng ldp va ngoai edng lap) trong giai doan 2010-2017.
Bang 1 cho tha'y: so Iffdng sinh vien nam 2017 tang 1,18 lan so vdi nam 2010, sd Iffdng giang vien ndm 2017 tang 1,47 lan sao vdi ndm 2010, ty le sinh vien/giang vien trong khoang tff 24,28- 28.15/1. Ty Id sinh vidn/giang vien la tffdng dd'i eao, ty Id nay d eac nffdc ed nen giao due dai hpe phat tnen tren thd' gidi nam trong khoang 15-20/1.
Ke't qua thd'ng ke nam hpc 2016- 2017 cho thd'y, ed sff ma't can dd'i giffa ty le sinh vien theo hpc tai cac khd'i nganh, sd Iffdng sinh vidn tap trung vao khd'i nganh: Kinh doanh quan ly va phdp ludt (thudc khd'i nganh III) chid'm 30,1% va khdi nganh: Toan va thd'ng ke; Mdy tinh vd edng nghd thdng tin; Cdng nghd ky thudt; Ky thuat; San xua't ehd'bidn; Kid'n tnic va xay dffng; Ndng lam va thuy san; Thii y (thudc khd'i nganh V) chie'm 32,6%). Chi linh rieng tdng 2 khd'i ngdnh HI vd V, thi cd ca'u quy md sinh vidn dai hpc chinh quy da chie'm 62,7% so vdi cac khdi ngdnh con lai (Hinh 1). Dieu ndy cd the ddn dd'n hd luy cho vide sinh vidn ra trffdng khdng cd viec lam trong nhffng nam gan ddy.
HiNH 1: CCJ CAG SINH VIEN D^l HQC THEO K H 6 | NGANH NAM 2016-2017
Mquon Bo jiar> due .a Dao tao va Tonq cue Thong kfe
HiNH 2: SO L d d N G V A P H A N BO CAC TRCTdNG DAI HQC T R E N T O A N Q U O C
100
Viing Tnmg ViingOJng Vung Bic ViingTiy VtingOfing ViingOftng duvimt^n bSngrfng Trung B$vi Nguyin Nam BO bSngs6ng nui phia Bk HSng Duy«nhii Ciru Long
mik Trung
TheoQuyho?ch{37/QD-ng) •TlaHg8/2017 (So lu?ng d^ kiln din nim 2020)
Nguon; Bo Giao due va Dao U
107
S T T
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
BANG 2: CHAT LtiQMG DQI MGd GIANG VIEN DAI HQC GlAl DOAN 2013-20r ChiseT tbong kg
Dai hoc, eao ding
Chuyen khoa cap I + 11
Thac M
Tien sT
Pho giao SLf
Giao sir
Khac
So' lu'ong
%
So iircfng
%
So lu'ong
%
So lu'dng
%
So lire) ng
%
So lifdng
%
So' lu'dng
^c Tong giang vien
2013-2014 21.006
32,21 3 1 9 0,49 34.152 52,3S 9.653 14.80 2 902 4,45 4 8 7 0.75 7 6 0.12 65.206
2014-2015 17.251
26,46 5 6 3 0,86 37 090 56.88 10.424 15,87 3.290 5,01 5 3 6 0,82 3 3 6 0.52 65.664
2015
.--
::^^4 r.:i^
O.'-A-^
40 426 62,00 13.598
!9,54 3-317 4,77 5 5 0 0,79 5 0 0,08 69.591
20'.>-2O17 '^ 12.519
19,20 523 0,80 43,127 66,14 16514 22,69 4.113 5,65 574 0,79 109 0,17 72.792 Nguon DU Iteu c
Ben canh do, tinh trang mat edn dd'i ve cd ca'u giao due tai cdc ed sd GDDH cdng lap cung la mot trong cac nguyen nhdn dan de'n tinh trang thie'u Iffc Iffdng lao ddng cha't Iffdng cao trong hau hd't cde ngdnh khoa hoc - cdng nghe, edng nghe thdng tin vd cdc ngdnh cdng nghiep va la dieu kidn quan trpng quye't dinh phdt trien nhanh va ben vffng d Viet Nam.
Mgt trong nhffng nguyen nhan chu yd'u ddn tdi CLDT edn han ehe'vd cdcd'u nganh nghe ehffa hdp ly, cung nhff chffa ddp ffng dffde nhu cau phuc vu phat trien kinh le' - xd hdi cua da't nffdc la do eae cd sd GDDH vd cao dang cdng lap md ra cdc ngdnh dao tao vdn chu yd'u dffa vao kinh nghidm vd ndng Iffc vd'n ed cua trffdng, dan de'n tinh trang nhffng nganh xa hdi can, thi lai thie'u, ke't qua dao lao sinh vien eua cdc nganh vdn chffa dap ffng dffde ydu eau cua xa hdi.
Ngodi ra, cdc ed sd GDDH va cao ddng cdng lap tap trung ehii ye'u tai cde thanh phd ldn va cac tinh, dae bidt tap trung d Hd Ndi va TP. Ho Chi Minh (Hinh 2). Day la mpt trong nhffng nguyen nhan gay mat cdn dd'i ve dao tao nguon nhdn Iffc eho cdc khu vffe kinh id' - xa hdi cdn khd khan, nhff: Tay Nam Bd. Tdy Nguyen va Tdy Bdc (Nguydn Vdn Phong va Nguydn Thi Kim Ngdn, 2018).
Bang 2 cho thd'y: ty Id giang vidn cd hoe \i thac sy chid'm ty U'ong ldn vd cd xu hffdng tang dan tff 52.389f ndm hge 2013-2014 ldi 66,14% nam hpc 2016-2017;
ty Id giang vien ed trinh dp tie'n sy van chid'm ty trgng thd'p, mdc du cd tdng Hen tuc trong nhffng nam gan ddy, dat 22,67% nam hoe 2016-2017 (trong khi dd, d eac trffdng dai hpe trung binh phffdng Tay khoang 70%
giang vien dai hoc cd trinh do tid'n sy); ty Id giang vien ed hpe ham giao sff, phd gido sff edn ra't thd'p (khoang
a 3 o Gjao due va Dao tao va Tong cue Tiiong ke
6%). Co the tha'y dffdc ed ed'u, ty Id, sd Iffdng va cha'l Iffdng giang vidn tai cdc cd sd GDDH cdng lap vdn chffa dap ffng dffdc yeu cau thffc tien cua xd hdi va trong tffdng lai gan ve dao lao. Dieu nay cd the anh hffdng tdi ke't qua dao tao cua sinh vidn tai ede cd sd GDDH edng lap.
Nguyen Van Phong va Nguydn Thi Kim Ngan (2018) dd chi ra rang, sd Iffdng lao ddng ed liinh do dai hpc that nghiep trong dO tudi lao ddng thdi gian qtia tang cao hdn so vdi so' tdt nghiep va so' cd viec lam. So' lao ddng cd trinh do dai hoc trd ldn khdng cd vide ldm vao nam 2018 khoang 128.100 lao ddng.
Theo eae ehuyen gia giao due, co nhidu nguyen nhdn ddn ldi tinh trang tha't nghiep d sinh vien sau khi td't nghiep tai ede cd sd GDDH va cao dang cdng lap. Trong do. nhffng nguyen nhan chii yeu la: eha'l Iffdng ddo tao tai cac cd sd GDDH va cao dang edng lap cdn chffa cao, nhat Id cac chffdng trinh dao tao sau dai hoe, hen thdng vd lien ke't
^ Ben eanh dd, cdc hoat ddng nghien Cffu khoa hoe, ehuyen g,,o cdng nghe va phyc vu cdng ddn. , on nhilu han che. Mpt s d c d s d G I - . v a cao ding cong lap sau mpt thdi ,,an ho.t ddng van ChUa ed du ede dit' , e n ' n ^ ' chd't Iffdng theo d l dn th;,r.h ,• ' '*° .^^"^
Ben canh dd, vide tham ,.,.„ '"*"^;
nganh, \ a c dinh chi !•• , .^ ^^ = ' ' " "
108
cua cdc cd sd GDDH cdng ldp vin chffa bam sat ydu c^u eua eae nhd tuyen dung, ma ehu yd'u dffa tren nang Iffe cua cde trffdng.
Ngoai ra, ede chinh sdeh vd cd che cua cac ed sd GDDH cdng lap va ngoai cong lap edn nhilu ba't cap khi va'n de Iff chu that sff eho cdc trffdng edn chrfa dffdc thao gd.
Thrfe trang hoat dpng dao tao cua cac trtf&ng srf ph^m
Hien nay, d nffdc ta, cd 63 cd sd dao tao, boi dffdng nha gido va cdn bd quan ly giao due vdi 15 trffdng DHSP vd 48 trffdng dai hpc cd khoa dao tao sff pham.
Cdc trffdng DHSP giff vi tri ddc bidt quan ffong, Id ndi dao tao ra ddi ngu giao vidn, giang vidn iffdng lai cho nen giao due nffdc nha. Tuy nhien, trong thdi gian gan day, ehd't Iffdng GDDH ndi chung va chd^t Iffdng dau ra sinh vien khd'i nganh sff pham ndi ridng dang edn nhieu ba't cdp, Cu the, theo Bd Gido due va Dao tao, sd sinh vien da td't nghiep chffa cd vide lam vadffkie'nra trffdng nam 2018, 2019 ehffa cd vide lam ngay cd the rdi vdo khoang 40.000 ngffdi. Trong dd, khodng 50% van chd cd hdi dd' dffdc vao ngdnh hoac quay lai ldm viee dung nganh nghe ne'u ed cd hdi (Nguydn Thj Kim Phung, 2018). Cd nhieu nhan id cd the anh hffdng tdi cha't Iffdng dau ra sinh vien khd'i ngdnh sff pham, nhff:
chffdng trinh ddo lao, chd't Iffdng dpi ngu can bd giang vidn, nguon Iffe tai chinh, ddc diem hd gia dinh va sinh vidn, chd't Iffdng dau vao eua sinh vien, cd sd vdl chd't, hpc lieu,., (Trffdng Thi Hien, 2017;
Rossi, 2017; Mohamed, 20i8).
Ca nffdc hien nay cd 113 ed sd dao tao gido vien (trffdng sff pham) gom:
15 trffdng DHSP, 48 trffdng dai hpc da nganh ed dao tao sff pham, 30 trffdng cao dang sff pham, 19 trffdng cao dang da nganh cd ddo tao sff pham vd 2 trffdng trung cap sff pham. Cae ed sd dao tao phan bd dan trai d td't ca vung, mien, dia phffdng, vdi sd' Iffcfng ldn cde trffdng DHSP, tap trung d cac thanh phd Idn.
Ngodi ra, ed sff phdn tan trong quan ly^nhd nffdc dd'i vdi cde trffdng sff pham, dieu nay gdn khd khan trong vide quan ly vd ndng eao ehd't Iffdng dao tao cua cac trffdng. Cu the: mpt so'trffdng DHSP trffc thudc Bd Giao due vd Dao lao hoac dai hpc vung (Dai hpc Thdi Nguyen, D?i hpc Hue', Dai hpe Da Nang); mdt s6' trffdng DHSP dae thu trffc thudc ede
bd, nganh khac (vi du: Trffdng DHSP The due the thao, Trffdng DHSP Ky thual, Trffdng DHSP Nghd thuat...); trffdng dai hoc gido due trffe thudc Dai hpc Qud'c gia Ha Ndi, chiu sff quan ly trffe tid'p eua Chinh phu; eac trffdng CDSP trffe thupc Bp Giao due vd Dao tao; trffdng cao dang va trung ca'p khde ed dao tao gido vien trffc thude Bd Lao ddng, Thffdng binh vd Xa hdi hodc trffc thude UBND ede tinh... (Hid'u Nguydn, 2018). Hidn nay, Bd Giao due vd Ddo tao chi chu quan 10 trffdng dao tao cd dao tao sff pham (bang khoang 10% cd sd ddo tao sff pham), nen vide khd'ng ehe' chi tieu sff pham bang bien phdp hdnh ehinh la ra't khd khdn.
Trinh do chuydn mdn, nghiep vu eiia giang vidn giffa cac nganh dao tao va giffa cac trffdng theo vung, mien khdng d6ng deu; nang Iffc ngoai ngff, cdng nghe thdng tin, nghien effu khoa hoc, phat trien chffdng tnnh va ddi mdi phffdng phap giang day ciia da so' giang vidn edn han ehe', nhd't la thie'u cae chuydn gia dau nganh, nhffng giang vidn co't edn cd trinh dp ehuyen mdn vd tay nghe eao. Dpi ngu giang vien eua eac trffdng sff pham ehffa dffde quan tdm bdi dffdng ndng cao ndng Iffc va chffa hinh thanh dffdc Iffe Iffdng nghien cffu sau v l khoa hpe gido due, ndn chffa thffc sff di dau trong vide ddi mdi giao dtrc, thie'u gdn ke't vdi thffc tidn gido diie phd thdng (Nam Phong, 2019).
Ngoai ra, viec chffa hinh thanh dffdc hd thd'ng kd'l nd'i giffa cdc trffdng sff pham vdi nhau vd giffa cae trffdng vdi cae ca'p quan ly gido due dia phffdng, cac cd sd giao due mam non, phd thdng ddn de'n nhieu sinh vidn td't nghiep sff pham ra trffdng khdng cd vide Idm, hodc lam khdng dung nganh nghe, trong khi lai xay ra tinh trang thffa - thid'u giao vien cue bd d nhieu ndi.
Mdt so' trffdng sff pham ed cac khoa ddo tao thffc hidn nhiem vu trung vdi nhidm vu chu chd't eiia trffdng khae, nhff: Trffdng DHSP Hd Ndi ed khoa Nghe thudt, khoa Giao due the cha't trong khi da cd Trffdng DHSP Nghd thual Trung ffdng, Trffdng DHSP The due the thao Ha Ndi. Dang ehu y, tren cung dia ban cd nhieu trffdng sff pham eung ddo tao mdt nganh gdy ndn sff ch6ng cheo. Dien hinh tren dia ban Ha Ndi, cd tdi 8 trffdng dai hpe, cao dang va trung ca'p tuydn sinh, dao lao ngdnh giao vidn mam non. Hoat ddng dao tao gido vidn ciia nhieu trffdng vdn chti yd'u chay theo sd Iffdng, chffa quan tam dung mffe dd'n chd't Iffdng va nhu eau ngudn nhan Iffc eung nhff bam sdt quy hoach dpi ngu eiia nganh gido due, Clia ede dia phffdng. Phan ldn cde trifdng sff pham mdi tap trung vao nhiem vu ddo lao bdi dffdng ngan han, ehffa chii trgng vao nghidn effu (Manh Xuan vd Giang Sdn, 2019).
MOT s d HAM Y CHINH SACH
Trffdc bd'i eanh Vidt Nam hgi nhap qud'c te' va chiu sff tac ddng eiia cudc Cach mang Cdng nghidji 4.6. Nhu eau ngudn nhan Iffe cd cha't Iffdng cao de
109
da^p ffng nhu c^u eiia xa hdi dang la mdt vd'n de dffde Dang vd Chinh phii quan tdm. Dau tff cho giao due, dao tao dffdc Dang va Chinh phii coi Id ye'u Id' then eh^t de thue dd'y phat trien kinh te' nhanh vd ben vffng. Vi vay, thdi gian tdi, can chu y giai quyd't mdt so va'n de sau:
Thff nhdt, Bg Gido due va Dao tao can xdy dffng bp tidu chuan danh gia ehd't Iffdng cde trffdng sff pham de lam ed sd phdn hang chd't Iffdng va quy hoach cae trffdng sff pham nham bao dam chd't Iffdng todn bd he thd'ng. Vidc quy hoaeh dam bao linh kha thi, phdn bd hdp ly, day manh tff ehii dai hpc, day manh xa hdi hda, tdng tinh kd't nd'i trong he thd'ng. Bdn canh do, Bd cung can xay dffng cd chd'phd'i hdp giffa cdc trffdng sff pham, giffa Bp vdi eae dia phffdng...
Thff hai, Bd Gido due vd Dao lao can tang cffdng edng tac drf bao nhu cau nhdn Iffe, khao sat nhu cau xa hdi trong tffng giai doan de eac trffdng xdy dffng phffdng an luyen sinh, ddd tao hdp ly.
Thff ba, Chinh phii can chu trpng dau tff dao tao dpi ngu cdn bd cdng chffc, can bd quan ly giao due, ddo tao va dpi ngii giang vien. Can bd' tri ngudn Irfc dau tff dao tao dpi ngii can bd quan ly vd giang vidn ea ve ehuyen mdn, nghidp vu, sd Iffdng, eha'l Iffdng
\a dao dffe. Bdi, ddy Id bd phan ndng cdt co tde dgng trffc liep vac ehd't Iffdng gido due. Do dd, ede ed sd GDDH, eao ddng can tie'p tuc ddi mdi cd chd' myen, hoan thien chinh sdch ddi ngg, cung nhff tdn vinh dpi ngu giang vien. Dd'i vdi cac trffdng DHSP, can sdm ban hanh bd chuan nghe nghiep giang vien sff pham:
dao tao, bdi dffdng giang vien sff pham chu chd't d cac nffdc phdt trien.
Thff tu, can da dang hod ngudn vd'n dau tff cho cae trffdng srf pham; tdng cffdng dau tff cho eae trffdng
DHSP trgng diem de canh tranh vdi ihi trffdng lao dgng cua ede nrfdc ASEAN;
thay ddi cd ban phffdng thffc hd trd tff ngdn sach nha nffdc, tid'n tdi thffe hi^n phffdng thffc dat hang, giao nhiem vu dao tao gido vidn cho cae trffdng sff pham.
Thff nam, Chinh phii cdn tang cffdng hdn nffa dau tff cd sd vat chat cho he thd'ng giao due. Trong nhffng ndm gan ddy. Dang vd Chinh phu eiing tap trung dau tff ed sd vdt cha't ky thudt cho giao due, nhffng ed sd vdt cha't ciia cde cd sd GDDH van edn ra^t thd'p so vdi cdc nffdc trong khu vffe va trdn the' gidi. Mae dii, quy md hgc sinh, sinh vien, cung nhff ede ed sd trffdng dai hge, cao dang tang idn nhanh chdng trong nhffng nam gin day, nhffng cha't Iffdng cd sd vat cha't khdng dffde tang len tffdng xffng. Hien trang nay anh hffdng tdi cha'l Irfdng hpc lap vd dao lao.
Thff sdu, cd ehd' lai chinh cho cac cd sd GDDH can drfdc ddi radi theo hffdng tang quyen tff chii, iff quye't vd iff chiu trdch nhidm. Han ehd' phffdng thffe tinh binh qudn mdt mffc ehi eho td't ca cde cd sd GDDH, eao dang cdng lap cho cdc nganh hpc va cac nghe dao tao.
Dong thdi, Chinh phu etn cd gidi phap huy ddng ngudn Iffe tff xa hdi va doanh nghiep dd phat tnen va ndng cao ehd't Iffdng gido due, dao tao, long kd't danh gid va tiep tue day manh xa hgi hda iTnh vffe giao due va ddo tao.Q
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyin Thi Que'Anh (2017), Ndng eao cha't Iffdng giao due dai hpc trong Hoc vien Chinh tri khu vffe I - Hoc vien Chinh tri Qude gia Hd Chi Minh, Nghien cffu ihffc tiin gido due, i40, 84-88 ' 2. Trffdng Thi Hien (2017). Qudn ty tdi chinh lgi cdc trudng dgi hgc cong lap true thuoc Bg Gido due vd Ddo tgo tren dia bdn TP. Ho Chi Minh trong diiu kiin tu chu, Ludn an tie'n sy kinh id' Hoe vien Tai chinh
3. Nguydn Van Phong. Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan (2018). Thffe trang dpi ngQ giang vien eac trffdng dai hge cdng lap d VietNam, Tgp chi To chffc nhd nudc, ngay ddng 20/11/2018°
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