Vietnam Joumal of Physiology 13(2). 8/2009 ISSN: 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
SUMMARY
Research in cardiovascular functions of Vietnam military pilots
as perform flying activities
We study on 90 Vietnam military pilots, they were divided into 3 groups:
simple task in a simulated flying chamber (60 pilots), complicated task on the simulated chamber (30 pilots) and field task
(30 pilots) groups. The result showed that:
heart rate, arterial blood pressure and systolic volume all increased, showing the differences between before, during and after flying. However, the differences were insignificant (p>0.05). Whereas the blood flow per minute increased of 32.46%, and 26.95%, in the simulated flying tasks and field tasks, respectively (p<0,001).
NGHIEN CLPU A N H HLT^NG C O A LUYEN TAP AEROBIC LEN MOT S 6 CHl S 6 SINH HOC d PHU NO" THLTA C A N , BEO PHJ, DO TU6l 40-50
TAI T H A N H P H 6 V I N H
Hoang Thj Ai Khue DH Vinh.
Nghien ciru dwgc tien hdnh vdi muc tidu ddnh gia tde dung cua luyen tap aerobic ddi vdi sire khoe ngwdi thira can-beo phi. Doi twgng nghien cuv Id 34 phu nir dg tuoi 40-50 bi thira edn - bdo phi dang tdp luydn aerobic. Ket qua nghien ciru cho thiy: a tr^ng thdi ydn tinh, thdi diem sau 6 thang, cdc ehi so hinh thdi nhw edn ndng, BMI, vdng bung, vdng mdng, vdng ngwc, vdng dOi vd cdc chi s6 sinh ly nhw tan sd tim, tan so thd, huyet dp deu giam ed y nghia vdi p<0.00; dung tich song tang vdi p<0,01; ham luxyng triglycerid, cholesterol, LDL- C, glucose giam; cdn HDL-C tang, vdip<,001.
I.OATVANOe
ThCra can - beo phi chCra dyng nhieu nguy ca dan tdi c i e benh man tinh d ngudi Idn, nhu tieu dudng, cao huyet i p , cac benh vetim, nao, va khdp... NhCrng lo?ii benh nay thudng xuat hipn ciing mpt luc va lim tang nguy ca giam tuoi thp cua ngudi benh [3], [4], [5].
Nhieu t i c gia da khing djnh rang, mdt che dp an uong hgp ly kit hgp vdi t i p luyen the dye t h i thao (TDTT) khoa hpc khdng nhii-ng cd t i c dyng giam can doi vdi ngudi thira cin. beo phi m i cdn cd t i c dyng phdng v i chira cie benh
ve tim mpch. hd hip, tieu dLrdng, than kinh [3], [5], [6], [7], [8].
Aerobic la bai tap cd tinh chat u-a khi, vdi nhieu dpng tic; nhu cau oxy dugc dip Crng va ca the tieu hao nang lugng chu yeu tCr ma d cac mo ma [8]. Chinh vi vay chung tdi tiin hinh nghien eCru niy vdi muc tieu danh gia t i c dung cua luyen tap aerobe doi vdi sue khoe cua ngudi thCra can-beo phi.
2 . 0 6 l TLTONG VA PHLPONG P H A P NGHIEN CLFU
2.1. Ddi tu'gng nghien cu'u
Vietnam Joumal of Physiology 13(2), 8/2009 ISSN: 1859-2376
Gom 34 nu-, dp tudi 40-50 dugc i p dung ehi dp i n uong cho ngudi muon giam ein v i hien khdng su- dyng cac thuoc giam can.
2.2. Phuvng phap nghien ciru
- Xic djnh eic chf so hinh thai; can nang (kg), chf so BMI, vdng byng (cm), vdng mdng (cm), WHR, vdng ngyc (cm), vdng dui (cm), vdng canh tay (cm) bang phuang phap nhin trie hpc.
- Xic (Jnh tan so tim bang each bk mach quay d vung co tay. Dan vj; nhip/phCit
- Do huyet ap bing huyet i p ke thuy ngan theo phuang phap Korotkov (mmHg).
- Dim tan so thd: cim tay doi tugng rdi dat len ngyc ngudi dugc do. Dan vj: nhjp/phCit.
Do dung tich song: tren may Autospiropal Dan vi tinh l i lit
- Phuong phip hoi sinh; Xac dinh ham lugng glucose bang phuang phip enzym GOD- POD, ham lugng cac kaai lipKi miu bang phuang phip enzym do mau. Don vi; mmol/l.
2.3. Thiit k l nghien cu'u
Ddi tugng dugc tip luyen aerobic vdi thdi gian tang dan tCr 30 phut/buoi tap d thing dau (tin sd mach 110-120nhjp/phut), din 45 phut/buoi tip d thing tu- 2 (tan so mach 130- 140 nhjp/phut), 60 phut/buoi tap d cac thing tiip theo (tan s6 mach 140-150nhip/phCit). Tip vao luc 17h30- 18h30, tuin tap 5 buoi. Theo doi cie ehf so nghien cu-u d thdi diem tardc va sau 6 thing.
3. K^T QUA NGHIEN COU
Kit qua nghien eCru ve tic dyng ciia tap luyen aerobb doi vdi mot so chf so hinh thii, sinh ly v i hoi sinh miu dugc the hien d bang 1+3.
Bang 1. Tic dung cua luyen tip aerobic len mpt so ehf so hinh thii d phy nO thira can, beo phi
Mdt so ehl so Cin ning (kg) BMI (kg/m^) Vdng byng (em) Vdng mdng (cm) WHR
Vdng ngyc (em) Vdng diii (em) Vdng canh tay (cm)
Trude tip (1) 65,56 ±4,36 28,95 ±3,33 98,28 ±4,75 94,92 ±3,81 1,04 ±0.21 98.53 ±4,60 51,03 ±5,12 30,70 ± 3,46
Sau 6 thing tap (2) 58,77 ± 4,21 26,95 ± 2,98 91,11 ±4,55 89,37 ±4,10 1,00 ±0,17 94,52 ± 3,84 48,20 ± 5,00 28,68 ± 3,55
Thay doi sau 6 thing t i p Giam 6,79 Giam 2,00 Giam 7,17 Giam 5,55 Giam 0,04 Giam 4.01 Giam 2.83 Giam 2,02
Pl.2
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
>0.05
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001 So lieu d bang 1 cho thiy sau 6 thing khdng dang ki). Trong dd chf so vdng eo tip luyen aerobic, cie ehf so hinh thai dugc giam nhiiu nhit, vdng ngyc v i vdng mdng nghien eCru deu giam ed y nghTa vdi giam vdi mCi-c tuang duang nhau, giam it p<0.001 (trCr ehi so WHR sau 6 thing giam nhit l i vdng cinh tay.
Vietnam Joumal of Physiology 13(2). 8/2009 ISSN: 1859 -2376
Bang 2. T i c dung cua luyen tip aerobic len mOt so chf so sinh ly d phu nir thCra cin. beo phi
Mdt s6 chi s6 Tin s6 tim {nhjp/phut)
Huyit i p tam thu (mmHg) Huyit i p tim truang (mmHg) Tan so thd (nhjp/phiif) Dung tich song (lit)
Tnrdctpp 77.18 ±5,75 129,43 ± 9,67
77,36 ±4,50 18,57 ±2,62 3,15 ±0.40
Sau 6 thing tap 71.22 ±5.04 124,81 ± 8,88 73,14 ± 4,44 16,49 ±2,50
3,59 ±0,38
P
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.01 Kit qua thu dugc d bang 2 cho thay thd deu giam cd y nghTa vdi p<0.001 con sau 6 thing, tin so tim, huyet ap, tan so dung tich song ting cdy nghTa vdi p<0.01.
Bang 3. Tie dyng cua luydn tip aerobic len mpt so chf so lipid miu d ngudi thCra cin, beo phi
Mdt s6 chf so
Glucose (mmol/l) Triglycerid (mmol/l) Cholesterol (mmol/l)
HDL- C (mmol/l) LDL -C (mmol/l)
Trude 6 thing 5,84 ± 0,53 3,33 ±0,59 7,02 ±1,25 0,81 ±0,30 4,65 ± 0,62
Sau 6 thing 4,93 ± 0,48 2,19 ±0,51 4,96 ±1,26 1,22 ±0.18 3,38 ± 0.50
P
<0.001
So lidu d bang 3 eho thiy sau 6 thing tip luypn, ham lugng glucose, triglycerid, cholesterol, LDL-C diu giam so vdi tardc 6 thing (p<0.001), him lugng HDL-C tang vdi p<0.001. Tuy nhidn gii tri eic chf so glucose, triglycerid, cholesterol, LDL-C van cao han muc binh thudng vdi p<0.001.
4. BAN LUAN
Aerobic l i bai tap cd tinh chat ua khi, vdi eae dpng tic da dang, nhjp didu, so lugng ea bap tham gia hoat ddng nhieu, nhu ciu ning lugng tuang doi Idn v i nhu cau oxy dugc dap ung.
Ning lugng cung cap tir dudng, ma din den giam trpng lugng ca thi [5], [6], [8]. Dieu niy
thiy ro trong nghien CLPU cua chung tdi, sau 6 thing trpng lugng ca thi giam 5.79 kg va chf s i BMI giam vdi p<0.001. Sy giam vong byng, ngyc, mdng, diii v i cinh tay cho thay sy tieu hao ma de cung cip nang lugng ua khi chu yeu tir cie md ma (bang 1). Tuy nhien md d viing byng tieu hao nhiiu nhat nen vdng byng giam mpnh nhat (giam 7,17 cm) sau 6 thing tip.
Tap luyen aerobe trong thdi gian dii, nhjp tim CO xu hudng giam xuong, dieu niy dugc xem li bieu hien cua tinh tiit kiem trong hoat ddng cua tim. Giam tan so tim lim keo dai thdi gian tim tmong, giam nhu cau su- dyng oxy cua ca tim v i giam boat dpng cua tim [6], [8]. Kit qua nghien
Vietnam Joumal of Physiology 13(2). 8/2009 ISSN: 1859-2376
CCPU cua ehung tdi cho thiy sau 6 thing, tin so tim giam tCr 77,18 nhjp/phCit xudng 71,22 nhjp/phut vdi p<0.001. Ciing vdi gem tin so tim sau 6 tiling tap luyen aerobic, huyit ip cung giam, p<0,001, trong do HATT giam nhieu hon HATTr. Nhieu tie gia thiy rang, d nhijng ngudi tham gia tap luyen sCre ben, huyit i p dpng mach khi yen tTnh cd xu hudng giam. Giam huyet ap trong trang thii yen tTnh dugc xem la biiu hien cua phan Cmg thich nghi sinh ly, ma nguyen nhin l i do giam sCrc can ngoai bien (ting tinh dan hoi cua thinh mach). Nghien cCru cua Boyadjjev (1996) [8] cho thiy, nhiing ngudi thudng xuyen tap luyen earobic, khi yen tTnh nhu cau oxy cung cap cho ca it han nen lugng miu dugc tim bam den eae ea quan tixang ca tiie it han, diiu niy dugc the hien d giam thi tich phCit khi yen tTnh.
Tap luyen earobic va cac mdn sCrc ben, ngoai tie dung cai then chCre ning tuin hoin cdn cd tie dung cai thien ehCrc nang ho hip nhu tang thdng khi phoi, ting dung tich song, giam tan so thd [6], [8]. Kit qua niy eung thu dugc ti^ong kit qua nghien eCru eua ehung tdi (bang 2). Sau 6 thing tip luyen aerobk:, tan so thd cua ngLrdi thCra cin - beo phi giam v i dung tich song ting cd y nghTa vdi p<0.01 •*• 0.001.
Theo nghien eCru eua Paul Lazar [3], Nguyen Thj Bich Ha [1], nhiing ngudi thira can- beo phi thudng ed roi loan bao doi lipid, tiie hien d ting ham lugng triglycerid, cholesterol mau va tang huyet ip, ngoii ra ty Ip so nguai bj ting dudng huyit trong so nhiing ngudi tiiCra cin - beo phi cung gip 5 lin so vdi ngudi binh thudng. Kit qua nghien eCru eua ehung tdi tiiu dugc cung tuong ty. Theo nhiiu tic gia, hoat dpng SLPC bin
cd tic dung giam dudng huyet v i tang cudng sy trao doi md trong ca thi, giam cholesterol, giam ham lugng LDL-C va ting HDL-C.
Lipoprotein HDL - C cd tie dung lien kit vdi cholesterol trong mau v i van chuyin ve gan de XLP ly, do vay ting him lugng HDL dong nghTa vdi vide giam cholesterol miu v i giam xa vira dpng mach [2], [3], [7], [8]. Nhung muon dat dugc dieu do phai tap luyen keo dii hang nim [8]. Dieu niy cung thi hien ti"ong nghien cuu cua chung tdi, sau 6 thing tap luyen, him lugng glucose, cholesterol, triglycerid. LDL miu diu giam cd y nghTa vdi p<0.001. cdn him lupng HDL lai tang din cd y nghTa vdi p<0.001 so vdi ttidi diem trwdc nghien eCru. Tuy nhien sau 6 tiling luyen tap eae ehf sd cholesterol, triglycerid, LDL-C cdn cao hon mCre binh ttiudng. Do do muon giam ham lupng tiiglycerid, cholesterol, LDL-C ve muc binh thudng cin phai tip luydn tiiudng xuyen, keo dii, tang cudng dp hoic tiiay doi hinh tiiCrc tap luyen v i kem theo che dp i n uong phu hgp. Kit qua nghien cuu cua chung tdi ve him lugng triglycerid, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C tuong ty kit qua nghien eCru cua Boyadjjev-N [8]. Chung tdi cho rang sy giam cholesterol, triglycerid trong tip luyen aerobic sau 6 thing i i do tip luyen aerobe cd tic dyng cai thien tot chuc nang tim-mach, hd hip, miu v i he ca, do do ed anh hudng din trao doi chit v i tiao doi nang lupng d t i bio. Do dd d ngudi cd thdi gian tap luyen cing liu thi nang lupng cung cap cho hoat dpng ca cang liy nhieu ti>
ma; ddng ttidi sy tang him lugng HDL - C cung l i nguyen nhin lam cho ham lugng cholesterol miu giam.
S.KtTLUAN
Vietnam Joumal of Physiology 13(2), 8/2009 ISSN: 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
Tip luydn aerobic deu dan trong 6 thing cd t i c dyng;
Tieu hao ma dy tiii' d cac md md, eic chi so can nang, BMI, vdng bung, vdng mdng, vdng dui sau 6 thing t i p giam ro vdi p<0.001.
- Chuc ning tuan hoin, hd hip dugc cai tiiien.
Sau 6 tiling tip, t i n s6 tim, t i n so thd, huyet ap deu giam cdn dung tich song tang vdi p<0.01 + 0.001.
Giam lipid miu, cy the l i sau 6 thing tip, tiiglycerid, cholesterol, LDL-C giam ro vdi p<0.001 v i edn HDL-C tang vdi p<0.001.
l A l UEU THAM K H A O
1. Nguyin Thj Bich Ha (1994), Gdp phan nghien cCru cac rii to^n lipid m i u bong benh vCra xa dpng mgch frdn cie thdng so hoa sinh, Luin i n Phd tien sTY Dugc.
2. Hoang Thj Ai Khue (2007), "Nghien eCru t i c dyng cua di bp sue khoe doi vdi nhung ngudi ttiCra cin - bdo phi d dp tuoi 5060". Tap ehi Khoa hpc t h i ttiao. ti- 71-74.
3. Paul Lazar (2003). C i m nang phdng ngua v i chiia tri bpnh beo phi. Ngudi ben djch; Ding Thj Ngpc Tram. NXB Thanh nien.
4. Paul Lazar (2003), C i m nang phdng ngCra v i chCra tri bpnh tieu dudng, Ngudi djch: Dang Thj Ngpc Trim, NXB TTianh nidn.
5. Dr. Miriam Spoppard (2005), Giam can lanh mpnh, Saigonbook djch, NXB phy nir.
6. Le Quy Phuv'ng, Dang Qudc Bao (2003), Sue khoe ngudi cd tuoi v i van de t i p luyen TDTT. NXB TDTT.
7. Le Quy Phuvng, Dang Qudc Bao (2002), Ca sd y sinh hpc cua luyen t i p TDTT vi sue khoe, NXB TDTT.
8. Boyadjjev-N (1996), "The effect of aenDbics training on some indexes bbbgy of body". J AppI Physkjiogy, 38(1): p 49-59.
SUMMARY
The effect of aerobics training for overweight, obese women at the age of 40-50 in Vinh city
evaluated by some biological indexes 34 ovenfi/eight otiese women at tlie age of 40 - 50 who were in aerottcs tmining were included in this study. The result sflowed that measured h the resting state, after 6 nxmttis of trahing, physical indexes as weight, BMI, waist size, buttock size, chest size, thigh size, anv size, and physbbgieal indexes as heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure all decreased signfcantly (pO.001); VC increased (pO.001); the levels of triglyceride, cholestenoi, LDL - C, glucose decreased; whereas HDL-C increased.
NGHIEN CLPU DAC O l t M c A c N H 6 M M A U TRONG HE ABO CCiA NGU-QI T A Y VA NGLPai KINH tf HUYEN MANG GIANG, T I N H GIA LAI
Dao Mai L u y i n Khoa Y. DH. Tay Nguyen
Nghidn ciru dde diem cdc nhdm mdu trong hg ABO cua 400 ngwdi Tdy va 402 ngwdi Kinh d xd Ayun huygn Mang Giang, tinh Gia Lai bang phwong phdp Beth - Vincent cho thiy: Tin suit cdc nhdm mdu trong hd ABO eua ngwdi Tay vd ngwdi Kinh khdng khac nhau
