Many of the essayists make use of Wikipedia as part of their work: scholars, teachers, librarians, journalists and activists. Many of the essayists are also multilingual, and not all of them write in their mother tongue.
Introduction: Connections
For example, they linked to articles about the Christian rite of communion, in which the "body and blood of Christ" are consumed, from the article about "Cannibals". Wikipedia has even become "the most important laboratory for social science and computer science research in history," as one pair of contributors points out.
I Hindsight
The death of Wikipedia has been predicted many times over the past 20 years through four periods of severe predictions. Wikipedia's death claims are not included in its "List of Premature Obituaries," but the topic has a stub.
1 The Many (Reported) Deaths of Wikipedia
Despite similar lists surviving, "Failed Predictions" was removed from the English language version of Wikipedia in 2007 - the focus of this essay. This interaction is a legendary part of Wikipedia's history, and in subsequent years Cunningham was often asked about Wikipedia and its prediction.
2 From Anarchy to Wikiality, Glaring Bias to Good Cop
Media coverage of Wikipedia has changed radically over the past two decades: once cast as an intellectual frivolity, it is now hailed as the "last bastion of shared reality". Is Wikipedia "rude" as the New York Times claimed in 2008 or rather a "ray of light" as the Guardian suggested in 2018? 2 Is there a logical progression in how the press has described Wikipedia over the past two decades, or does each reporter seem to have a dramatically different opinion.
Press Coverage of Wikipedia’s First Two Decades
What caused Wikipedia's press coverage to turn from criticizing the encyclopedia as "the man" to recognizing Wikipedia's importance as the good cop. But note how Strickland's press coverage did not challenge Wikipedia's basic premise of community-led knowledge production.
3 From Utopia to Practice and Back
The second way in which the promise of Wikipedia and CBPP fell short of the ideal was in the dimension of freedom from hierarchy. Yochai Benkler, "Coase's Penguin, or, Linux and 'The Nature of the Firm,'" The Yale Law Journal 112, no.
4 An Encyclopedia with Breaking News
To understand how Wikipedia's "ITN" template and its broader culture of breaking news collaboration came about, we need to return to the immediate aftermath of the attacks on September 11, 2001. Amid the debates in 2002 about what to do with September 11 memorial content, the WP:NIE policy was extended to claim that Wikipedia is not. Breaking news collaborations likely play an important role in the viability of the broader Wikipedia project by engaging editors in challenging experiences.
Keegan, “A History of Newswork on Wikipedia,” in Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Open Collaboration (OpenSym, 2013). Structure and Dynamics of Wikipedia's Breaking News Collaborations,” in Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration (WikiSym, 2012).
5 Paid with Interest: COI Editing and Its Discontents
This is why one of the project's earliest warnings against COI editing was called the "Vanity guidelines."4 The signature event of this era was the public embarrassment of Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia's famous co-founder, for editing his own biography in late 2005.5 This experience undoubtedly shaped Wales' views on and against, which he very soon expressed, would last through the following era. A new "COI bulletin board" helped identify suspicious editing patterns, although actual policy change remained elusive.7 The period ends with the failure of an attempt to ban paid editing after a long debate in the summer of 2009. These included the discoveries of damaging editing for unsavory clients by the since-closed London PR firm Bell Pottinger and the "Gibraltarpedia" scandal, in which prominent editors manipulated website processes to benefit their client, the Gibraltar Tourist Board.9 Another dispute happened to focus on my work, and which I argue were positive developments the first two crises led to explain. its outspoken support for the idea that, while COI contributors should not edit articles directly, they should be able to ask for help and receive it, and the second is the development of new community procedures to facilitate and monitor this practice.
For most, their engagement with Wikipedia ends in failure, and that's the end of it. Michael Snow, "Account Used to Create Paid Company Posts Shut Down," The Signpost, October 9, 2006, https:// en.
II Connection
Wikipedia is urging the venerable librarian field to recognize a lesson of the twenty-first century: to make knowledge accessible to all, Wikipedians, librarians, academics, and citizens must work together in collaboration and community. And despite their different cultures and the nascent nature of Wikipedia, today there are hundreds of collaborations between librarians and Wikipedians to build the future of open knowledge. In each of these areas, both institutions and individual librarians have already done tremendous work and have a role to play in the future.
Nor is it a one-way street: the aspirations, idealistic values and joy of the Wikipedia project can also help make the old librarianship better, even as we criticize and improve Wikipedia. It's about libraries and Wikipedia, about what it's like to be the author of an encyclopedia and about being part of a community, and for me the three things are inseparable.
6 Wikipedia and Libraries
While this is at the heart of our work, helping others research information is only one of the many missions of libraries. And ironically, most Wikipedia editors – stewards of the single most widely read source of information in the world – do not have access to these research sources either. Libraries tend to collect in the languages of their constituents, leaving out published works from the rest of the world.
This can help increase the diversity and ultimately the sustainability of the Wikipedia editor base. On the face of it, Wikipedia, like most Internet companies and websites, seems like a spur-of-the-moment project.
7 Three Links: Be Bold, Assume Good Faith, and There Are No Firm Rules
You'll start the class discussion by saying, "I'm just a broadcast major..." and then follow that up with a perfectly accurate analysis of the piece we've been discussing." Her point is that I'm good enough to be here. Further, I fully acknowledge the fact that it's easier—and better—for me to be bold in collaboration with others. Students love "real-world writing"—and I love their unwavering view of Wikipedia as “true.” Students realize that their contributions to Wikipedia will reach far more readers than anything else they might publish.
However, like everything else in life with the semblance of stability, it was only a matter of time before my assumptions were challenged - and eventually turned upside down. About a month after the end of the school year, when I realized that students were using the website as a place to get information rather than going to the library at my request, I reprinted my syllabus with the addition of this line: "WIKIPEDIA IS NOT A VALID SOURCE." And yes, it was capitalized and bold.
8 How Wikipedia Drove Professors Crazy, Made Me Sane, and Almost Saved the Internet
However, I knew that when I managed to log into Wikipedia as "Ocaasi" (a pseudonym based on my middle name Isaac), the debates felt tangible and the progression of creating articles and resolving disputes felt rigorous and concrete. Short for 1 librarian, 1 reference — the viral initiative of my colleague Alex Stinson and I — the campaign asked every librarian in the world to add one citation to Wikipedia as a gift to improve its credibility. As we like to say, "discovery happens on Wikipedia." The traffic from 1.5 billion unique devices visiting Wikipedia fifteen billion times a month with more than six thousand page views per second is astounding.
Jake Orlowitz, “The Wikipedia Library: The Largest Encyclopedia Needs a Digital Library, and We're Building It,” in Leveraging Wikipedia, ed. William Beutler, "Everything I Needed to Know I Learned Editing Wikipedia," Wikipedian, July 12, 2016, http:// thewikipedian.
9 The First Twenty Years of Teaching with Wikipedia
Wikipedia conflates the faculty roles of teaching, research, and service by challenging traditional notions of faculty expertise, but a more integrated approach to these roles is also possible. I also want Wikipedia to be a place where I roam freely and learn lots and lots of information. Reading Wikipedia, contributing to Wikipedia, and certainly teaching with Wikipedia, mix and reconfigure the faculty identities of teacher and researcher because they recontextualize our relationships with expertise itself.
In this essay, I want to explore the traditional roles of teachers and how they define teacher involvement in Wikipedia. I will argue for a more integrated vision of the faculty roles of education and research.
From Faculty Enemy to Faculty Enabler
But typically when we think of the roles of a faculty member, we think of someone who balances teaching, research, and service functions. And in teaching, the faculty's relationship to expertise is also central – but never fixed and always redefined by the context of the classroom they address. I am not suggesting that we faculty are always vulnerable when we walk in the freshman's shoes.
Many professors who banned Wikipedia from their classrooms also used it in their offices. With the widespread development of the "World Wide Web" in the 1990s, online publishers were able to shift responsibility for the content they published to the publishing public.
10 Wikipedia as a Role- Playing Game, or Why Some Academics Do Not Like Wikipedia
Ti pannakaawat ti Wikipedia a kas maysa nga RPG ket mangilawlawag pay ti panagkedked ti marfil a torre a makipaset. Eduard Aibar, Josep Lladós-Masllorens, Antoni Meseguer-Artola, Julia Minguillon ken Maura Lerga, "Wikipedia idiay Unibersidad: Ania ti Pampanunoten ken Aramiden ti Fakulta Maipapan iti daytoy". Hilary Bradbury (Siribu nga Oaks, CA: . Sage, 2015); Piotr Konieczny, "Wikipedia: Tignay ti Komunidad wenno Sosial?" Interface: Maysa a pagiwarnak para ken maipapan kadagiti sosial a tignay 1, no.
Reagle, "'Be Nice': Wikipedia Norms for Supportive Communication," New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia 16, no. This essay addresses these questions and considers some of the key directions Wikipedia research might take in the future.
11 The Most Important Laboratory for Social Scientific and Computing Research in History
In less than twenty years, Wikipedia has become one of the most well-studied organizations of any kind. This data has now led to a large number of encyclopedia viewership surveys. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (New York: ACM, 2019), https://doi.
Kraut, "Harnessing the Wisdom of Crowds in Wikipedia: Quality Through Coordination," in CSCW '09: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (New York: ACM https:// doi. Morgan, Benjamin Mako Hill, and Aaron Shaw, "The Wikipedia User Adventure: Field Evaluation of the New Prosc1): Field Evaluation of the New Prosc1. 017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Work and Social Computing (New York: ACM https:// doi.
12 Collaborating on the Sum of All Knowledge Across Languages
Wikidata was developed in the spirit of Wikipedia's increasing effort to add structure to Wikipedia's articles. But the content of the given sentence nevertheless appears in many of the different language articles about Marie Curie, usually in the first paragraph. The technical details of the Abstract Wikipedia proposal are presented elsewhere.9 But the technical architecture is only half the story.
The Abstract Wikipedia proposal does not require any of the individual language editions to use it. Denny Vrandečić, "Towards a Multilingual Wikipedia", in Proceedings of the 31st International Workshop on Description Logics (DL 2018), ed.
13 Rise of the Underdog
