OANG LANH DAO CdNG cudc Ddi Mdi
XAY DUNG VA CUNG cti KHtil DOAN KET CAC DAN TOC O TAY NGUYEN
TRONG THOI KY Otil MOI
PGS, TS TRUONG MINH DUC*
T
rong thdi ky ddi mdi, cMnh saeh dan tdc ctia Dang va Nha nude ta nham tap trung phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, cung cd, xay dyng khdi doan ket cae dan tgc thieu sd (DTTS) d Tay Nguyen dugc dat trong bdi canh chung cua qua trinh thyc Men cMnh sach dan tdc trong ea nude. Quan triet chinh sach dan tdc cua Ding va Nha nude ta, cac dang bd tren dia ban Tay Nguyen da ban hanh nMeu ehi thj, de ra cac ke hoach cu the vdi budc di phu hgp thyc tien dja phuang, gdp phan xay dyng khdi doan ket cac DTTS tren dia bin Tay Nguyen. Ket qua the hien tren mdt sd llnh vyc sau:Tap trung hodn thdnh cong tdc dinh canh, djnh cw (DCDC), on djnh vd phdt trien sdn xuat, tiing bu&c cdi thien ddi song dong bdo cdc dan toe
Quan triet Nghi quyit 22, ngay 27-11-1989 ciia Bd Chinh tri va Quyet djnh 72, ngay 13-3-
1990 " v l mdt sd chu tinong ehinh sleh ldn ve phat triln kinh te - xa hgi mien nui" cua Hdi ddng Bd tnidng (nay la Chinh phu), cIc dang
' Hoc vien CT-HC Khu \irc I
bd tren dia ban Tay Nguyen da gan chat cudc van ddng DCDC vdi td chirc lai san xuat, thyc Men giao dat giao rimg, phat trien nganh nghe, cham lo cdng tie giao due, y te, thuc day phat trien kinh t e - x a hdi.
Trong eae nam 2000-2005, ngan saeh Nha nude da dau tu hon 195 ty ddng de thyc hien cIc dy In DCDC viing ddng bao cac DTTS Tay Nguyen. Trong dd, ngudn vdn Trung uong bd tri 42 ty ddng phuc vy xay dyng ket cau ha tang thudc cac dy an DCDC, cdn lai la ngan sich ctia cIc tinh.
Den nam 2005, toan vimg Tay Nguyen cd 160.440 hd vdi 913.185 nhan khau da ca ban hoan thanh DCDC, chiem 82,7% sd hd ddng bao DTTS tai ehd thudc dien DCDC; chiem 71,3% tdng sd hd DTTS tai ehd. Tinh Kon Tum dat 83%i sd hd ddng bao dan tdc DCDC;
Gia Lai dat 85%; Die Lie dat 76,8%; Lam Ddng ea ban hoan thanh cdng tac DCDC.
Trong dd cd 51,5%i sd hd da DCDC vung chac; san xuat va ddi sdng cua ddng bao DCDC cd nhung mat tien bg dang ke, sd hd nsheo neav cans eiam.
TAP CHi UCH Sir OANG-Sd 12/2008 33
DANG LANH DAO CdNG cudc Odi Mdi
Nghi quyit 22 cua Bd CMnh tri, NQTLf 7 (Khoa IX), Nghi quyit 10 eiia Bd CMnh hi (ngay 18-1-2002) Ve phdt triin kinh te- xd hgi vd ddm bdo quoc phong, an ninh viing Tdy Nguyen thai ky 2001- 2010 da djnh rd: nMeu cMnh sach uu tien dau tii phat tiien kinh te-xa hdi miin nui, vung ddng bao cIc DTTS d Tay Nguyen nhim timg budc mang lai eho ddng bao nhiing lgi ich tMet thyc ve kinh te - xa hdi, gdp phin xay dyng khdi doan ket cac dan tdc ngay cang ben vQng.
Thdng qua Chuong tiinh 135 va mdt sd chuong trinh Idng ghep khac, Nha nude da dau til 750 ty dong cho 163 xa va hang tiam budn die biet khd khan d Tay Nguyen, hnh hung binh dat 2,5 ty ddng/1 xa, giiip cae xa nay xay dyng ha ting kinh te - xa hdi. Den nay, cae tinh Tay Nguyen da xay dyng dugc 278 hang muc giao thdng ndng thdn, 202 cdng trinh thiiy lgi, 141 cdng trinh dien ha the, 345 trudng hgc vdi 1.271 phdng hgc...
Ngudn vdn dau tii tir Trung uong va dia phuang thdng qua Chuong trinh xoa ddi giam ngheo ngay cing tang: ngan sach Trung uong dau til 350 ty ddng; cae tinh Tay Nguyen dau tii til ngan sach dia phuong 210 ty ddng; bd tri Idng ghep til cac chuong trinh, dy an huy ddng cdng ddng 120 ty. Ngudn vdn tin dyng da huy ddng them khoang 300 ty ddng, tap trung eho cdng tac xoa ddi giam ngheo vimg sau, viing xa, -vung DTTS tai ehd. Hang nam, Trung uong can ddi til 40 - 45 ty ddng de thyc Men ehinh sich trg gia, trg cudc van chuyen mot sd mat hang tMet yeu. Hd trg ddi sdng trung binh 500.000 ddng/hd, cho vay san xuat trung binh 1 trieu ddng^g. Nhd do, da cd 1,05 trieu lugt hd
dugc cap phat mien pM nMeu mat hang (vai, dau hoa, thuoc chua benh, sach vd, tien dien);
853.000 lugt hd dugc hd trg khuyin ndng va cap gidng san xuat.
Thyc Men Quyit dinh 168/2001/QD-TTg ngay 30-10-2001 va Quyit dinh so 132/2002/(^
TTg ngay 15-10-2002 eiia Thu tiidng CMnh phu, den 2005 toan vimg Tay Nguyen da giao dugc 19.615 ha dit san xuat cho 43.890 hp dong bao DTTS, dat 51,4% vl dien tich va 52,8% vl so hp; giao 486.000 ha rimg va dat lam ngMep eho 26.000 hd, binh quan 18,6 ha/hd, hong dd 60% so hd la ddng bao DTTS;
tao viee lam mdi cho 93.810 lao ddng/nam, hong dd 15% la DTTS, bing cac ngudn vdn vay til quy hd hg viec lam.
Nhd dd, ty le hg ddi ngheo ngay cang giam.
Nam 2001 la 21,11%, nam 2005 giam xudng cdn 8,67% (theo tieu cM cu); nam 2005 tir 28,52% (theo tieu cM mdi) xudng cdn 22,85%
nam 2006, rieng viing DTTS til 58,8% cdn 51%. Tinh Gia Lai giam tir 22,4% nam 2001 xudng cdn 15,52%) nam 2003^; tinh DSk Lik nam 2001 so hg ddi ngheo la 94.477 hd, cMem ty le 25,55%) sd hd toan tinh, den cudi nam 2003 da giam 40.688 hd, cdn 53.789 hd, cMlm ty le 14,6%. Binh quan mdi nIm giam dugc 3,65%) sd hd ddi ngheo^.
NMeu hd ddng bao DTTS da timih tiiii sy tiiong tig giiip da eua Dang, Nha nude diu tir md rdng san xuat, bd tri lai miia vu va cay tiong hgp ly, manh dan chuyen sang san xuat hang hoa, Mnh thanh cac hang hai vdi dien tich tir 5 - 10 ha, ed hang hai tdi 50 ha. Nhd dd, thu nhap cua ddng bao DTTS ngay mot cao. Xa Ea Phe, huyen Krdng Pac (Dak Lak) cd 1.160 hp, hong
DANG LANH DAO CdNG cudc Ddl MOI
dd cd 768 hd ddng bao san xuit gidi, thu nhap hang nam tir 12 tiieu dong tid len, cd hd thu nhap fren 100 tiieu ddng/nam til VAC. N M I U hd tidng ca phe dat 3 - 4 tin/ha, lam liia dat 8 - 10 tin/ha.
Giai quyet van de xoa ddi, giam ngheo d Tay Nguyen khdng chi cd y ngMa kinh tl - xa hgi ma cdn la van de cMnh tri, van de eiing cd Mem tin ciia nhan dan ddi vdi Dang, Nha nude, qua dd gdp phan tang cudng xay dyng khdi dai doan ket eae dan tdc ngay cang vQng manh.
Chii trgng phdt trien vdn hoa, gido due, y te viing dong bdo ddn toe thieu so, ndng cao ddi song tinh thdn cho nhdn dan
Thyc Men chu truong cua Dang, cac tinh quan tam dau tu cho sy ngMep van hda, giao due, y te, cham lo ddi sdng ddng bao cac DTTS viing sau, 'viing xa.
CIc hoat ddng van hda, thdng tin, phat thanh, truyen Mnh, bao chi dugc tang cudng da gdp phan quan ti-gng dua dudng ldi, chu ti-uong chinh sach ciia Dang va Nha nude den vdi nhan dan, die biet II viing ddng bao dan tdc, vung sau vung xa, •vimg can cir khang cMen cu.
Nglnh giao dye Tay Nguyen da dau hr 52,4 ty ddng xay dyng co sd vat chat cho cac tin-dng phd tiidng dan tdc ngi tiii, diu tii kien toan he tiidng cac trudng, lap ban tiii den cym xa, tao ngudn cho cac tiudng tinng hgc chuyen ngMep va dai hgc de dao tao can bd cho cac dan tgc. He tiidng hudng dan tdc ndi tiii d Tay Nguyen da Mnh thanh deu khap cac tinh va huyen; tiong sd do cd 65% tiudng phd thdng dan tdc ndi tiii dugc xay dyng tiiong ddi kien cd, cd nha d, Idp hgc khang trang. Nhd vay, tiong nhung nam gan day, tmh Mnh giao dye - dao tao vung DTTS d
Tay Nguyen da cd nhiing budc chuyen bien rd ret. Nam hgc 2005 - 2006, toan vung Tay Nguyen cd 2.331 tiudng, 37.487 phdng hgc, 46.334 Idp va 1.417.296 hgc sinh; tiong dd cd 491.663 hgc smh DTTS, cMlm 34,07%; so hgc sinh tiong cac tiudng dan tdc ndi tiii 11 7.900 em. So vdi nam 2001 - 2002, sd hgc sinh DTTS da tang 39%), tiong dd trung hgc co sd tang cao nhit (56%). Trong 5 nam (2001 - 2005), toan vimg da xay dyng, sira chQa 6.800 phdng hgc tiong vimg DTTS, tiong dd 1.300 phdng tiiudc chuong tiinh 159; hang nam ca ban dip img dii sach gilo khoa cho hgc sinh DTTS.
Cdng tac dao tao ngudn nhan lye tiong ddng bao DTTS cQng dugc chii tigng. Trudng Dai hgc Tay Nguyen va Dai hgc Da Lat da trd thanh nhung trung tam dio tao ldn ciia khu vyc Tay Nguyen. Den nam 2002, Dai hgc Tay Nguyen da dao tao dugc 5.589 sinh vien tdt nghiep ra tiordng (gdm 2.070 bac si, 2.436 ky su ndng lam, 833 cir nhan su pham, 250 cu nhan kinh te), tiong sd dd cd 688 sinh vien ngudi DTTS, cMem 12%. Sd sinh vien DTTS nay da bd tri cdng tae dat 98%). Hang nam cae tinh deu thyc Men chinh saeh cir tuyen ddi vdi con em cIc DTTS. CM tinh rieng d tinh Dak Lak, nam hgc 2003-2004 da cir tuyen dugc 2.861 em vao hgc cac tiudng dai hgc, eao dang, tinng hgc chuyen nghiep''.
Sy ngMep phat tiien y te, cham sdc sire khoe eho ddng bao cae DTTS cd nMeu tien bd. Den nay, cIc tinh Tay Nguyen co ban da xoa xa tiing ve y te tiong vimg DTTS, vdi 70%) sd xa cd blc si, 11.000 can bg y te phye vy cac xa vimg 3; dieu tii va phdng chdng cd Meu qua mdt sd benh xa hdi, benh phong, budu ed. Benh sdt ret giam
TAP CHl UCH Sir D A N G - S O 12/2008 35
DANG LANH DAO CdNG cudc DOI Mdi
80%, benh budu cd giam 92% so vdi 5 nam frudc. Chuong tiinh tiem chimg md rdng phdng cac benh nguy hiem d tie em da dugc nganh y te td chii'c den tan budn, lang, xa xa xdi heo lanh.
Trong 5 nam (2000-2004) da cap khdng tiiu tien thude chQa benh cho cac ddi tugng chinh sach, hg ddng bao cac DTTS la 7,84 t>' ddng; 1.187.000 ddng bao cac DTTS d ndng tiidn duge su dung nude saeh, chiem 31,5%) dan sd ndng thdn.
Quan tdm ddo tao, xdy dung dpi ngd edn bg ddn tgc thieu so vdng manh
Trudc yeu cau cua thdi ky ddi mdi, dang bd cac tinh Tay Nguyen die biet quan tam chii y xay dyng ddi ngQ can bd ngudi dan tdc cac cap ed du nang lye va pham chat dap img yeu cau nhiem vy.
Nam 2001, Tay Nguyen cd 11.433 can bd xa, phudng, thj tran la ngudi DTTS. 0 cap huyen, mac du dan sd cae DTTS d Tay Nguyen chiem khoang 30 - 35% dan sd toan Tay Nguyen, nhung ddi ngQ can bg lanh dao, quan ly cap huyen la ngudi DTTS chiem khoang 26% tdng sd can bd cap huyen toan vung\ Den nam 2005, ddi ngQ can bd la ngudi DTTS d cap CO sd cd 14.400 ngudi, chiem 35,07%) tdng sd can bd cdng chue cap xa, tang them 2.967 ngudi SO vdi nam 2001.
Cung vdi viec bd tri, sir dung, cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng can bp la ngudi DTTS cQng duge quan tam hon. Tinh rieng d tinh DIk Lak, tu nam 1999 den nay, khdng ke can bd DTTS theo hgc cac nganh hgc khae, toan tinh cd 336 can bg hgc chuong trinh chinh tri til trung cip trd len. Nam 2004, tinh Dlk Lik cung da td chuc md dugc 8 Idp bdi dudng can bg cip ca so cho 10 xa dac biet khd khan thudc cac
huyen: Krdng Bdng, M'Drac, Lie, EaH'leo vdi 316 lugt ngudi tham gia. = 1! - ;
Timg bif&e ldm thdt bai am miru phd hoai, gdy ehia re khoi dai dodn liit ddn toe eua edc the luc thil dieh, giir vimg an ninh chinh trj, eung eo niim tin eua dong bdo eae ddn tgc thieu so vdo su nghiep ddi m&i
Trong qua tiinh thyc Men dudng ldi ddi mdi.
Dang va Nha nude ta da ed nMeu chu tiuong, ehinh sach nham xay dyng khdi dai doan ket cac dan tgc d Tay Nguyen ngay cang vung manh.
Song ti-en tiiyc te, viec dua cac chii tiuong, chinh sach eua Dang va Nha nude vao thyc tien d Tay Nguyen cdn nMeu han che, bat cap. Lgi dyng nhiing so hd, tM'lu sdt dd, cac tiie lye tiiu dich tix)ng nude cau ket vdi bgn phan ddng luu vong d nude ngoai ra sue truyen tiuyen, xuyen tac, rang ngudi Kinh cMem dat; ehuih quyen dan Ip, bat giQ, bd tii ngudi DTTS, nham gay cMa re, phi hoai khdi doan ket cae dan tpc d Tay Nguyen. Chung da gay ra cudc bao ddng chinh tii nam 2001 va nam 2004, ldi cudn hang trsm ngudi, da sd la ddng bao cac DTTS tiiam gia. Chung cdn td chirc cho hang tiim, den hang ngMn ngudi vugt bien tiai phep, vdi sd lugng ldn (nam 2001 ed gan 2.000 ngudi, nIm 2003 la 238 ngudi)^.
Ngay sau cac vy bao dgng chinh tri, dang bg va chinh quyen cac tinh Tay Nguyen da thyc Men nhieu bien phap giup ddng bao cae DTTS dn dinh cupe sdng. Ddng thdi, thudng xuyen truyen truyen, giao due, van ddng ddng bao cac DTTS phat huy tinh than doan ket, khdng nghe theo ldi xui giyc ciia ke xau; kien quyet tran ap bgn phan dpng, ngan chan vugt bien trii phep;
tap trung giai quyet cd hieu qua cac vy viec hire xue tron2 done bao cac DTTS.
DANG LANH DAO CONG cuoc DOI M01
Tu nam 2001 den 2005, chung ta da bdc gd vd hieu hoa, bat tam giQ, xet xu tmdc phap luat, kiem diem tiude dan, giao cho cac budn, lang quan ly, giao due tren 2.800 ddi tiigng, lam tan ra nhieu td chuc phin ddng. Nam 2003, chung ta da phat Men va bdc gd 824 ca sd ngam, Uong dd, tinh Dak Lik: 349 co sd; tinh Gia Lai: 363 ea sd.
Kon Tum: 65 co sd. Lam Ddng 47 co sd. Nam 2004, chiing ta tiep tiic bdc gd 421 ddi tugng, tiong dd, tinh Dak Lak: 100 ddi tiigng; tinh Gia Lai: 90 ddi tiigng, tinh Dak Ndng: 231 ddi higng.
Chinh quyen dia phuang da td chue dua 1.000 ddng bao DTTS vugt Men trai phep tid ve, giup hg dn dinh cudc sdng .
NhQng ket qua dat duge tren day da gdp phan lam cho tinh hinh an ninh chinh tri d Tay Nguyen da dan trd lai dn dinh.
Tuy nhien, van cdn khdng it nhQng han ehe, thieu sdt can phai khac phuc, dd la:
Chinh sach quan ly va su dung dat dai chua thoa dang, dan den tinh hinh tranh chap dat dai giQa ddng bao cac dan tdc vdi mdt sd ndng, lam trudng qude doanh; giQa ddng bao di kinh te mdi vdi ddng bao tai ehd...
Viec trien khai thyc hien cac chuong trinh DCDC tMeu sy phdi hgp chat che giQa cac nganh, cIc cap; chua Idng ghep tdt giQa cac chuong trinh vdi nhau.
Cdng tie xay dyng dang ve ehinh tri, tu tudng ehua duge quan tam diing muc; tinh chien dau chua cao, tinh trang mat doan ket ndi bd cdn xay ra trong mdt sd td chirc eo sd dang.
Cac cap uy dang, ehinh quyen. Mat tran va doan the d co sd chua sat dan, gan dan, chua hieu dugc tam tu, nguyen vgng cua dan. Ddi ngQ can bd ngudi DTTS cdn yeu ca ve trinh do
vl nang lye chuyen mdn; tam ly ty ty, thu ddng trong cdng viec, y lai vao cap tren van cdn tdn tai kha phd Men.
Ket qua thyc hien cac chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang va Nha nude tren llnh varc kinh te - xa hdi, nang cao ddi sdng vat chat cua ddng bao DTTS chua thyc sy vQng chac.
Hien tai van cdn 60.496 hd DTTS tai ehd trong dien ddi ngheo, chiem 26,9%) hd DTTS.
Toan vung Tay Nguyen cd 58,08%o sd hd ddng bao DTTS thudc dien ddi ngheo, trong dd, tinh Dik Lik cd 59,9%; tinh Gia Lai cd 78,9%; tinh Lam Ddng cd 48,8%; tinh Kon Tum tren 80%.
Cdng tac tiuyen tinyen, giao dye, van ddng ddng bio dan tdc d nhieu noi, nMeu luc cdn budng Idng va xem nhe, nang ve Mnh tiiuc, ehu yeu mdi dung lai d can bd, dang vien ml chua den duge vdi ddng dao ddng bao cac DTTS. Vi tiie, van cdn mdt bd phan khdng nhd ddng bao DTTS mo hd, ca tin vao nhQng ldi du dd cua ke xau.
Tu- nhQng ket qua dat duge va nhQng han che, thieu sdt tiong qua trinh xay dyng khdi dai doan ket cac dan tdc d Tay Nguyen thdi ky ddi mdi, cd the nit ra mdt sd kinh nghiem chu yeu sau day:
Thie nhdt, ndng cao nhdn thitc ve vai tro ciia khoi dgi dodn ket ddn toe trong su nghiep cdch mgng vd to chuc thuc hien cua cdc cdp uy Ddng, chinh quyen
Xay dyng khdi dai doan ket cac dan tdc vQng manh la mdt ehu truong Idn, mdt trong nhung ndi dung ca ban, cdt ldi trong chinh sach dan tdc ciia Dang va Nha nude ta. Tren co sd chu truong, dudng ldi chung cua Dang, cac dang bd d Tay Nguyen phai bam sit vao dac diem, dieu kien eu the va yeu cau cua mdi dia phuong de de ra cac chinh saeh, giai phap phii hgp. Mdt dac
TAP CHl UCH Sir D A N G - S O 12/2008
37
DANG LANH DAO CONG cudc Ddl Mdi
dilm cua qua tiinh xay dyng khdi dai doan ket cac dan tgc d Tay Nguyen la phai ludn gan lien vdi viec thue Men cMnh sach tdn giao eua Dang, giQ gtii sy doan ket luong - giao; tdn tigng quyen ty do tin ngudng va tii do khdng tm ngudng.
Thie hai, chu truang, chinh sdch ve phdt trien kinh te, vdn hoa, xd hgi phdi xudt phdt til thirc den khdch quan, phii hgp v&i ddc diem Tdy Nguyen, ddp ung nguyen vgng cua dong bdo cdc ddn tgc thieu so
Nhd cd cMnh saeh dan tdc dung dan cua Dang va Nha nude ta, bd mat kinh te - xa hdi
•vung ddng bio cae DTTS d Tay Nguyen da cd nhiing thay ddi rd ret, dang tilng budc thu hep khoang each phat trien ve mgi mat, qua dd xay dyng khdi doin ket cac dan tpc hen nguyen tac binh dang, tuong tig va giup dd lan nhau.
Thu ba, xdy dung khoi dgi dodn ket cdc ddn tgc Id nhiem vu vd trdch nhiem cua cd he thong chinh tri, cita todn ddn
Mgi chinh sach phat hien eua cae nganh, cac cap deu cd nMem vu thyc Men doan ket dan tdc; va xay dyng khdi dai doan ket dan tdc phai dugc the Men qua hoat dgng cua cac nganh, cac llnh vyc. Dieu quan ti-gng la phai ludn bam sat ea sd, bam sat quan chiing, chim lo ddi song vat chat va tinh than cho ddng bao cac dan tdc, nhat la vimg sau, vimg xa, -vung can cir each mang dang cdn nMeu khd khan.
De tao them sue manh cho he thong cM'nh hi d CO sd, dn dinh tinh Mnh, vl lau dai, cin phai tao dyng lye lugng cMnh tri hong •vung ddng bao cac DTTS, dl hg ty dam nhan cdng viec tai ca sd. De lam dugc dilu nay, ein phai tiep tiic kien toan va nang cao vai trd hoat dgng ciia he thdng cMnh tii d ca sd, tiude hit phai
xoa di nhung diem trang dang vien hong cac thdn, budn ddng bao cac DTTS; tang cudng dao tao, sir dung can bd ngudi dan tgc.
Thu tu, tranh thit su hap tdc vd img hg cita gid lang, tru&ng bdn
Theo md hinh truyen thdng a vung ddng bao DTTS, mdi budn lang cd mpt hpi ddng gia lang do tap the dan lang bau ra de quan ly nhung cdng viec cua lang. Gia lang cd vi tri quan trpng trong ddi sdng xa hdi d cac budn lang ciia ddng bao DTTS. Ngay nay moi tiudng sdng ciia ddng bao dan tdc tMeu sd co sy thay ddi. Kha nang va xu hudng phat hien van hoa, xa hdi cua cac tgc ngudi dugc md rdng. Cac tgc ngudi cu tni dan xen tao nen sy giao luu, anh hudng lan nhau ve phong tue, tap quan, van hoa, vai trd tuyet ddi ciia gia lang huyen thdng dugc thay the bang md hinh mdi
"tap the quan ly, ca nhan phu trach".
Do tac ddng eua cac dieu kien mdi, vai tid va uy tin ciia gia lang, trudng ban so vdi tiude day tuy cd giam, nhung anh hudng ciia hg cdn rat dam net tiong vimg ddng bao DTTS. Vi vay, phai hanh tiiu sy iing hd ciia gia lang, ldi cudn hg tham gia ti'ch cue vao viec xay dyng va cung cd khdi doan ket cac dan tgc d Tay Nguyen.
Thie ndm, gidi quyet dirt diem nhdng vdn de gdy bice xue trong dong bdo edc ddn tgc thieu so, dgc biet Id vdn de ddt dai vd tdi nguyen rimg
Dat dai va rimg la nhung tii lieu san xuat, ngudn lgi sdng da gan bd lau ddi vdi ddng bao cac DTTS tai cho d Tay Nguyen. TMeu dat san xuat va ngudn lgi sdng til rimg, cho du bat ngudn til sy bat binh dang trong qua khii hay do dat dai va rung ngay cang khan Mim bdi nMeu
DANG LANH DAO CdNG cudc Ddl Mdi
ly do khac nhau, deu tae ddng sau rdng den an ninh ndng thdn vung DTTS d Tay Nguyen, gay mat doan ket giua cac dan tdc. Thyc tl dd chimg td, viee giai quyet dut diem nhung van de buc xue ve dat dai va rimg ddi vdi dong bio cac DTTS tai ehd cd y ngMa quan hgng, khdng chi giam bdt cac xung dot, tranh dugc nguy ca tiem an ve cac cudc gay rdi, bieu tinh, bao loan - m l cdn tao ra co hdi xoa ddi giam ngheo ben vung trong ddng bao DTTS.
Thu sdu, phdi thuc hien dodn ket trong ngi bg moi ddn tgc; dodn ket gida cdc ddn tgc thieu so v&i nhau; dodn ket gida ddn tgc bdn dia v&i ddn tgc m&i chuyen den; dodn kit gida ddn tgc Kinh v&i cdc ddn tgc thieu so; trong do dodn ket trong dgi ngU cdn bg, ddng vien cdc ddn tgc la nong cot, hat nhdn
Tay Nguyen la dia bin eu tni cua cu dan 46 tdc ngudi, trong dd ed 20 tpc ngudi la cu dan ban dia cu tni tir lau ddi. Thanh phan cu dan tuong ddi da dang, vi cd nguyen quan til hau het cIc tinh, thanh phd trong cl nude. CIc dan tdc cu tni dan xen nhau. Trong qua trinh dau tranh giai phdng dan tdc, cac dan tdc da ke vai sit canh, doan ket, tiiong tig lan nhau de bao ve dgc lap dan tdc, giii phdng que huong. Trong sy ngMep xay dyng CNXH va bio ve Td qude XHCN Men nay, ddng bao cac dan tdc da thyc Men doan ket, tiiong tig, giup dd lan nhau de xoa bd ngheo nan, lac hau, xay dyng cudc sdng mdi am no, hanh phuc. Tuy nMen, ti-ong nen kinh te thi trudng, sy phan hda giau ngheo ngay mdt sau sic, tinh trang di dan tii do, tranh chap dat dai, nhung yeu kem trong viec van dung va thyc Men cMnh sach dan tdc... tie ddng tieu eye den khdi doan ket cae dan tdc. Kinh ngMem
thyc tien cho thay, cimg vdi viee cham lo phat tiien kinh te, phai quan tam den viec cung cd vl tang cudng khdi dai doan ket dan tdc: doan ket, giup dd giua dan tdc Kinh vdi cac DTTS; giua cac DTTS tai ehd va cac DTTS mdi chuyen den; doan ket hong ndi bd tilng tdc ngudi.
Nhan td de thyc Men dai doin ket dan tdc II ddi ngQ can bd. Do dd, phai xay dyng ddi ngQ can bd DTTS cd pham chat cMnh tii vQng vang, cd tiinh do chuyen mdn ngMep vy, du nang lye td chirc thue Men nMem vu cMnh tri d dia phuong, ket hgp giua can bg ngudi Kinh va can bd cac DTTS vi muc tieu xay dyng cudc sdng eae dan tdc am no, hanh phuc va ngiy cang phat trien.
Thu bdy, chii trgng cong tdc truyen truyen, gido due, van dgng dong bdo tham gia xdy dimg khoi dodn kit cdc ddn tgc thieu so
Cdng tic tiuyen tiuyen, gilo dye, van ddng ddng bao cie DTTS can phai quan triet va thyc hien cae yeu cau sau:
Phai lam nhieu hon ndi, lam phai ed Meu qua tMet thyc; ndi phai dung dieu ddng bao can nghe, khdng ndi sudng, hira sudng. Bdi vi hau het ddng bio DTTS vdn ed tinh that tha. Ddi vdi hg, eai gi da hua la phii lam, chua lam dugc tM khdng nen hua; da hua ma khdng lam rat de lam cho ddng bao ngM ngd, mat Idng tin.
Ma mdi kM da mat Idng tin tM rat khd thuyet phuc, van ddng ddng bao.
Phii Met lang nghe tam tu, nguyen vgng cua ddng bao, thyc Men 4 cung: cimg In, cung d, cung lam, cung ndi tieng dan tdc va phuong cham 3 tryc tiep: tryc tiep den tan nha dan, true tiep nghe dan ndi va ndi cho dan nghe, tryc tiep lam de dan tin. Cd nhu vay mdi cam hoa, van
TAP CHl LICH S U D A N G - S O 12/2008 39
DANG LANH DAO CdNG cudc Ddl Mdl
ddng dugc ddng dao ddng bao cac DTTS tham gia vio xay dung khdi doan ket cac dan tdc.
Qua trinh xay dyng khdi dai doan ket cae dan tdc d Tay Nguyen cQng chinh la qua trinh kien quyet dau tranh chdng lai mgi hanh vi gay chia re dan tdc, pha hoai khdi doan ket dan tdc; ngan ngua tu tudng dan tdc ldn, tu tiidng dan tdc hep hdi, eye doan, cue bd, dja phuang chu nghia.
1. Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen: Tu lieu vi lu nhien, kinh le. vdn hoa, xd hpi vd mpt sP vdn de lien quan den vimg dPng bdo ddn tpc thieu sP Tdy Nguyen.
thang 5 - 2005, tr. 54 - 60. Cac so lieu khong chu thich trong cong trinh nay dirge sir dung tir tu lieu nay.
2. Tinh uy Gia Lai: Bdo cdo long kei cong ldc xdy dimg. cimg CO cdc tp chite Irong he ihPng chinh tri ca sa xa, phudng. thi trdn tit khi xdy ra su kien chinh Iri- xd hpi ddu 2001 din nay, 3-2004, tr.6.
3. UBND tinh Dak Lik: Bdo cdo linh hinh cPng ldc ddn lpc ndm 2004- Phuang hudng, nhiem vu cPng tdc ddn van ndm 2005, tr.7
4. UBND tinh Dlk Lak: Bdo cdo long kit cPng ldc ddn lpc ndm 2004- Plniang hudng, nhiem vu cPng ldc ddn lpc ndm 2005, tr. 11
5. Thuc ircmg dpi ngii cdn bp lanh dgo chit choi cdp huyen id nguoi DTTS a Tdy Nguyen, Ky ylu khoa hgc, Hgc vien Chinh tri khu vuc Dl, tr.31
6. Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen: Bdo cdo vi ihuc hien Nghi quyit 10-NQ/TW ngdy 18 - 1 - 2002 ciia Bp Chinh tri "Veplidt trien kinh ti-xd hpi vd quPc phong, an ninh Tdy Nguyen ihoi ky 2001 - 2010, tr.7
7. Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen: Bdo cdo vi thuc hien Nghi quyil 10-NQ/TW ngdy 18 - 1 - 2002 ciia BP Chinh iri "Ve plidt nien kinh ti-xd hpi vd quPcphong an ninh Tdy Ngii}'en thai ky 2001 - 2010, tr.l - 9.
TIM HIEU Tl/Tl/ONG HO CHI MINH...
(Tie'p theo trang 22)
Van dung va phat trien sang tao tu tudng Ho CM Minh v6 tin ngudng tdn giao ndi chung, doan ket luang giao ndi rieng, Dai hdi X tiep tuc khang dinh quan diem, cMnh sach tdn giao ciia Dang la:
"Ddng bao cdc ton gido la mdt bd phan quan Ugng eiia khdi dai doan ket dan tdc. Thuc Men nhat quan chinh sach tdn trgng va bao dam quygn tu do tin ngudng, theo hoae khdng theo tdn giao cua cdng dan, quyen sinh hoat tdn gilo binh thudng theo phap luat. Doan kei ddng bao theo cac tdn giao khac nhau, ddng bao theo tdn giao va ddng bao khdng theo tdn giao. Phat huy nhirng gia tri van hoa, dao due tdt dep ciia cac tdn giao.
Ddng vien, giiip do ddng bao theo dao va cac chirc sic tdn giao sdng "tdt ddi, dep dao". Cac to chire tdn giao hgp phap hoat ddng theo phap luat va dugc phap luat bao hd. Thyc Men tdt cac chuong binh phat trien kinh te- xa hdi, nang cao ddi sdng vat chat, van hoa cua ddng bao cac tdn giao"". Dd cM'nh II quan diem nhat quan, diing din ciia Dang, Nha nude ta ddi vdi tdn giao dudi anh sang tu tudng Hd CM Minh.
I. Ho Chi Minh Todn lap, CTQG, H, 1995, T3, tr.431
2.5'^d,T.6,tr.225 ' '"
3,8,9.5^rf,T.5,trl97,44,422 4,5.Sd'rf,T.7,trl97,438 6.5(/d, T i l , tr.314 7,10. Sdd, T4, tr. 7-9,420
II. Dang Cpng san Viet Nam: Vdn kien Dgi hdi Dgi bieii lodn quoc ldn thit X CTQG, H, 2006, tr.122-123.
