T A P CHI H 6 A HOC T. 50(4)476-481 THANG 8 N A M 201^
XAC DINH CAC THONG S6 H 6 A LY CUA V A T L I | U H A P PHU TREN c a sdy Fe(OH)3, SiOz, S A T K I M L O A I VA K H A N A N G U'NG DyNG Di
X(y LY 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUEN NHieWI TRONG H\f6C
Nguyen Hodi Nam'', Tran Vfin Chung\ D 5 Nggc KhuS' ' Vien Khoa hgc Vgt li^u. Vi^n Khoa hgc vd Cdng ngh^ Viet Nam
'Vi?n Hda hgc Vgt lieu. Vien Khoa hgc vd Ccmg nghe Qudn su H'HVJ Cdng nghe mdi. Vien Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghe Qudn su
Den Tdasogn 16-4-2012
Abstract
The adsorbents based on Fe(OH)j using for water Ircatment were prepared. The physic-chemical characterizationof these adsorbents was performed by advanced techniques such as SEM, IR, and BET. The clement compositicHi of adsorbent was analysed by EDX. The examination of morphology by RXD and SEM showed that all materials were amorphous. The EDX and IR results confirmed the presence of Si on the 2TPI0 and 3TP10 samples. The surface area measured by BET technique showed that samples were mesoporous materials. The average pore size of all samples was less than 10 nm. The specific surafe area of ITP, 2TP10 and 3TP10 samples was 240, 270 and 350 mVg. respectively.
Tlie effectiveness in 2,4,6-Trinitrototuen (TNT) removal of 3TPI0 sample was more than 95% and remained TNT concentration in the solution after treatment was low. Based on the achieved results, it can be concluded thai 3TP10 material is a promised material that can be used to remove dissolved TNT in contaminated water.
Keywords: Adsorbent, Fe(0H)3, SiO;, ZVl, TNT, contaminaed water.
l.GlOlTHieU
Hang ndm, mdt khoi lugng Idn thuoc nd nitro thom trong do cd 2,4,6-trinitrotoluen (TNT) dugc sir dung cho cac hoat dgng sdn xuat qudc phdng va dan su [1]. Day chinh la nguon tgo ra nude thai bj nhilm TNT. Tiiy thugc vao nong dg TNT cd trong nude thai ma chiing dugc phdn logi thdnh nude thdi dd, vang vd hdng [2]. Nude thdi chua TNT neu khdng dugc xu ly sg gdy d nhilm cho ddt vd ngudn nude ngdm, sau dd se anh hudng tdi sire khde cua con ngudi vd gay nen mgt sd tdc dgng xau tdi mdi trudng. TNT thudng phdt hi?n thay trong nude ngam tgi cac no! co nha mdy chi biln, kho ddng gdi va luu giu thuoc nd [3J. TNT la chat dgc cd the gdy ung thu vd Id chdt ben va khd phdn hiiy trong mdi trudng tg nhien.
D I loai bd TNT vd cdc chit dgc hihi co khdc trong nude thai, cd the dp dyng mgt sd phuong phdp nhu hdp phy bdng than hogt tinh [4, 5], chiel tdch [6]
oxi h6a xue tac va oxi hda ndng cao sir dyng tia UV va hydro peroxit [7, 8J, phdn hiiy sinh hgc [9J vd khii bdng sdt hodc kem kim logi [lOJ. Hi?n nay, phuong phdp xu ly TNT dugc dp dyng pho biln nhIt Id hap phy bdng than hogt tinh. Tuy nhien khi xir ly bdng than hogt tinh thi gia thdnh dau tu ban ddu ldn vd
vi?c hodn nguyen than dd qua su dyng rat phiic tap [7J. Neu su dyng phuong phdp khii bdng sdt kim lofii thi hi^u qud xir ly phy thugc vdo dien tich be m^
tiep xiic cua sdt md dign tich be mdt rieng ciia sat kim logi lgi rlt nhd [1IJ. Do dd v i ^ tim kiem cac phuong phdp vd v§t li?u thay the khdc cd gid thanh r£ vd sir dyng cdc logi v^t h^u sin de xii ly logi bo TNT nhilm trong nude Id hit sire cin thiet
Bdi bdo ndy gidi thif u ket qud n^ien cira xie djnh cdc thdng s6 hda ly co ban ciia vdt li^u tren co sd Fe(0H)3 vd m^t sd phy gia do chiing tdi che tgo or dilu ki?n trong nude vd ddnh gid khd ndng dp dung de xir ly TNT nhiem trong nude ciia vgt li?u nay.
2. THgCNGHl$M 2.1. Hda chat
D I che tgo vdt li?u hap phy, dd sii dyng dung djch FeCla n6ng dO 0,1 M dugc pha tir FeCl3.6H20 (PA). Chit kilm ddng dl kit tua mu6i sdt Id dung djch NH^OH 25% (PA). Ngu6n silic dugc lay tir dung djch natri silicat 200 g/L pha tir Na2SiO3.9H20 bgt (PA) (ty 1$ NaiO/SiOj = 11,03±0,03%) vasfl kim logi dgng bOt ciia Trung Quoc. Todn bg cdc nil nghi?m deu sii dyng nude khu khodng (Dl).
TCHH.T. 50(4), 2012 2.2. Thilt bi
Trong nghien cuu ndy dd sir dyng m^t s6 thilt bj bao gom:
Thilt bi nhilu xg tia X logi D8 Advance Bruker AXS thuOc phdng thi nghi?m trgng dilm ciia Vi^n Hoa hoc Cdng nghiep Vi§t Nam.
Kinh hiln vi difn tir qu^t (SEM) phan gidi cao Hitachi S-4800 thu^c phdng thi nghi?m cua Vi?n V§
sinh Dich tl Hd NOi vd kinh hiln vi dign tir JEOL - JMS 6490 ddt tgi Trung tdm Ddnh gid Hu hdng V§t lieu cua Vien Khoa hgc Vdt Ii?u, Vi^n Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Vi?t Nam.
Thilt bj Micromeritics Accusorb 2010 surface area analyzer ciia khoa Hda hgc, Trudng Dgi hgc Su phgm Ha NOi.
2.3. Phirong phdp
Thanh phin pha ciia cdc mdu thi nghifm dugc phdn tich b^ng thiet bj nhilu xg tia X.
Anh SEM dugc quan sdt tren dnh hien vi dien tir quel phdn gidi cao.
Thdnh phdn hda hgc cua vgt liOu dugc phdn tich bdng ky thugt EDX.
Dien tich be m$t dugc do bdng su hap phy nito d 77 K tlieo phuong phdp BET.
Che tao vat li^u: Qui trinh chi tao vat lieu hdp phu dua tren nguyen ly ciia phucmg phap do Schwertmann va Cornell [I2J de xuat. Qui trinh tiln hanh nhu sau: diing pipet ldy mgt lugng nhdt djnh dung dich natri silicat 200 g/L cho vdo cdc nhga (ddi vdi mau can cd them phy gia la Si02), lay mdt the tich da dinh NR|OH vd trOn vao dung dich natri silicat Can 27 g FeCl3.6H20 pha vao nude vd chinh thdnh 1 lit sau dd cho tir tir dung djch silicat kilm da chudn bi tir trudc vdo, vira cho vao vira khudy. Sau khi kit thuc viec cho silicat kilm thi tilp tuc khudy hdn hgp phdn ung them 1 gid n&a rdi dk yen hdn hgp phan dng trong binh phdn irng de gid hda. Sau khi gia hda, diing nude Dl dl riia gan ket tiia cho tdi khi hit vlt c r . Lgc thu lly kit tua sau dd thSm bOt sdt kim loai vdo (ddi vdi mlu cdn cd them phu gia la sat kim loai) rdi tiln hdnh tgo hgt vd ldm khd.
Cac mdu vgt li?u hap phu trSn co sd Fe(0H)3 dd dugc che tao trong phdng thi nghi$m de phuc vy cho nghien cuu nay gdm cd:
' Vdt lieu hip phy Fe(0H)3 khdng cd phu gia (k^
hieu ITP).
Vat lifu hip phu tren co sd Fe(0H)3 cd chiia phu gia Id 10% slOi (ky hif u 2TPI0).
Vat li$u hip phy trgn co sd Fe(0H)3 cd chiia phu gia Id 10% Si02 cimg vdi 10% sdt kim logi (k^hi6u3TP10).
Qui trinh ddnh gid khd ndng xir ly TNT cua vdt li^u nhu sau: cho 100 mL dung dich TNT ndng dO khodng 50 mg/L dd chlnh pH - 7 vdo binh ndn 125
Nguyen Hoai Nam vd cgng su mL, cho vdo moi binh 1 g vgt li?u sau dd dgt ISn mdy ldc vd ldc d t6c dO 150 vdng/phiit trong 12 gid.
Sau dd lay mdu phdn tich ndng dO TNT cdn Igi trong dung djch.
3. KET QUA VA T H A O L U A N
3.1. Ket qud ddnh gid cdc thdng so hda ly ciia vdt lifu
3.1.1. Kit qud do phd nhieu xg tia X
Cdc mlu vgt lieu cd ty I? Si02/Fe(OH)3 khdc nhau lir 0% din 20% khoi lugng vdi miic dg thay doi Id 5% da dugc thgc hi?n d6ng thdi vdi ciing cac dieu ki^n thi nghiem nhu nhau. Ket qud phan tich nhilu xg tia X (hinh 1) cho thay m$c dii cd su khac nhau vl t^' 1$ Si02/Fe(OH)3 nhung hinh thdi hgc ciia cdc vdt li§u hodn todn khdng khdc nhau. Tit cd cac mdu dIu Id dgng vd djnh hinh vd khdng mdu nao xuat hifn dinh pho thi hi?n sg cd mdt cac dang tinh thi ciia Fe(0H)3.
II (a)
(b)
Hinh 1: Ket qua do pho nhieu xg tia X cua mau (a)lTPva(b)2TP10
Ket qud phan tich phd nhieu xg tia X ciia cdc mdu md trong thanh phan cd them bdt sat kim logi vdi ty le tir 0% den 10% khdi lugng cho thay hinh thdi hgc ciia vgt lieu van la dgng vd djnh hinh. Mgc dii ty le sdt kim logi trong cac mdu cd khdc nhau nhung anh phd thu dugc khdng cd su khdc biet.
3.1.2. Kit qud do dnh hiin vi dien tii quit (SEM) Cdc mlu vgt li$u cd ty le thdnh phin vd phu gia khdc nhau da dugc chup anh cdu triic bl mat b4ng hien vi di?n tir quet do phan giai cao. Tren hinh 2 Id dnh SEM ciia 3 mlu vat lieu vdi ty 1? thdiih phdn khac nhau. Qua dnh SEM thu dugc thdy rdng vdi thdnh phan khdc nhau ciia cac mdu vdt li?u thi cau triic xop cua chiing ciing hodn toan khac nhau.
Tir dnh SEM ciia mlu ITP cho thdy cac hgt rlt nhd kit khdi vdi nhau, ddng thdi cd cac khe trdng nhd giOa cdc khdi. Trong khi dd, mlu 2TP10 lgi cd hinh dnh khac hdn vdi cdc tinh thi dgng hiiih cdu to hon vd cung kit khdi vdi nhau tgo ra mgt bS mat Idi 15m CLing vdi cac khe trdng ldn gi&a cdc khdi. Hinh dnh ciia mlu 3TP10 thdy rlt rd cac tiiih thi ldn kit lgi vdi nhau tgo nen bl mat Idi lorn ddng thdi ciing tgo ra cac khe nhd giira cdc tinh thi. Trong ca 3 hinh dnh dIu cho thdy cdc khe trdng khdng ddng nhdt tuy nhien mdu 3TP10 cd nhilu khe tr6ng hon cd.
TCHH, T. 50(4), 2012 Xdc dinh cdc thdng sd hda i
2TP10
ITinh 2. Anh SI-^M cita cac mlu v^t li?u dd che Igo
3TPI0
3 13 Xdc dinh thdnh phdn vdi lieu bang ky thugt EDX
Ty 1? ciia cdc hgp phan trong vyi ll?u dd dugc tinh loan theo ly Ihuyll trudc khi thgc hi^n chc tgo vat li?u. Tuy nhien de khdng djnh sg cd mjil cua cdc nguyen lo cd irong vgt li^u Ihl sdn phim dd dugc phdn tich \ac djnh lgi thdnh phan bdng phuong phdp do EDX tren thiet bj hien vi dign lir quiit. Do so li?u kcl qud phdn tich EDX ciia cdc mau thudng rat nhicu vi vgy trong khudn khd ciia bdi bdo nay chiing toi chi trich dan tdm tit ket qud phdn tich I£DX ciia mau 3TP10(hinh3).
Kel qua phdn Ifch pho IR cita cdc mau thi nghiem
dugc irinh bdy trfin hinh 4 vd 5. ,|
Khi so sdnh pho IR ciia mau ITP vdi ph^ chum ciia fcrrihydrit trong cdng bo ctia Cornell [14J thiyf ring tin higu pho tuong doi giong nhau. Cd 2 dnh pl^
dcu xuli hi?n tin hi?u pho mgnh d viing 1400 cm vi 1600-1700 cm''. Ngodi ra, tren dnh pho ciia mlu Fe(0H)3 thi nghiem cd thay xual hi?n tin hi?u pho mgnh vd viing pic rgng d khodng 3100-3450 cm''.
Hinh 3: Pho EDX ciia mdu 3TPI0 Tir ket qua phan tich thanh phdn hda hgc ciia cac mlu vat li?u bing EDX dd xdc nhgn dugc sg cd mjt ciia cac nguyen td nhu Fe, O, Si. Ngodi ra, trong mgt sd mau c6n phat hien thIy cac tgp chat khdc nhu Al hay CI. Sg cd mdt ciia cdc tap chit ndy cd thi do sg nhiem tgp vd tinh trong qua trinh chi tgo nhu vdi CI Id do qua trinh rira chua hodn loan tri?t dl.
Thong thudng phuong phdp EDX dugc sir dyng de xac_ djnh ban djnh lugng thdnh phan nguyen to cua mau chit rin va cung nhdm xdc djnh sg cd m$t hay khong ciia cac nguyen to trong mdU: Do dd trong nghieii cuu nay chiing tdi sii dyng phuong phdp nay nhdm khdng djnh lgi thanh phdn nguyen to ciia cac mau dd chi tao.
3.1.4. Kit qud phdn tich phd IR
Cac mlu nghien ciru sau dd dugc phdn tich pho IR de so sdnh vdi ph6 chudn ciia cdc dgng Fe(OH)j.
Vy ^
3600 3100 2600 2100 160O 1100 600
Hinh 4. Anh phd IR ciia mlu ITP Cdc tin hi?u phd mgnh thu dugc d budc song 3450 cm" vd 1620 cm"' la ciia phdn tii nude. Sued m^t ciia nude trong mdu mgt phan la do bdn than vat li?u dd hap phy nude ben trong nd, mat khac la do dnh hudng tir phuong phdp do IR vi kj thuat n^y thudng sir dyng KBr ma chat ndy rat dl hip phy nude tir khdng khi. Cdc ket qua ndy cung phu hgp vdi cdc kit qud md Jambor [13J vd Cornell [14J dfi cdng bd.
Ket qua do phd IR cua cdc mdu cd thanh phan khac nhau dugc dan tren hinh 5. Cung tucrng tu nhir mau 1 thanh phdn, ket qua pho IR thu dugc ciia cac mlu 2 vd 3 thdnh phin cung cd cdc tin hi?u mgnh b vimg 1400-1600 cm"' vd 3100-3500 cm'.
r\^
• • * . . • • . > * •ZTPIO 3TP10
3600 3100 2600 2100 1600 1100 W
Hinh 5. Anh ph6 IR ciia cdc mlu vgt li^u cd thdnh phin Si02 khdc nhau 4"^
TCHH.T. 50(4), 2012
Ngoai ra, tin hiOu mgnh d viing 800-1000 cm'' cdn thi hi^n sg cd m$t cda silic trong cdc mau dd phdn tich. Tr6n kit qud phan tich vgch phd thu dirge cd the nh§n thay ty If Si02 cdng cao thi tin hi?u phd cdng mgnh d6ng thdi cdc dinh pho cung cd xu hudng djch chuyln vl viing budc sdng ldn hon. Cdc kit qua thu dugc hodn todn phii hgp vdi cdc cdng bd ciia Jambo vd cdc tdc gid khac [13, 15]. Tuy nhien so vdi phd chuan cua Si02 tinh khiet {X = 1080 cm"') thi cdc vgch phd nay cd budc sdng hip phy thap hon, dilu ndy dugc ly gidi Id do cd sg dnh hudng cua nguyen t l Fe trong vgt lifu va kit qud ndy cung phii hgp vdi cdc kit qua dd cdng b6 cua mgt s6 tdc gid [13,14,16J.
3.1.5. Xdc djnh diin tich be mgt rieng bdng phuong phdp BET
DiSn tich bl m^t vd kich thudc mao qudn trung binh ciia cdc mlu th( nghiem dd dugc xdc djnh bdng phuong phdp BET. Cdc kit qud do di§n tich bl m§t BET va sg phdn b6 kich thudc mao qudn cua cdc mlu dugc trinh bdy tren hinh 6, 7 vd bdng 1.
Nguyen Hodi Nam vd cgng su hi§u img thdt niit cd chai giiia kich thudc vi mao qudn vd mao qudn trung binh. Ddng nhiet hap phy ciia mdu 2TP10 cd khodng tri khdng Idn nhu ciia 3TP10 dilu ndy chiing td rdng mdu 3TP10 cd nhilu mao quan nhd hon. Dogn dudng cong ddng kfn ciia dudng gidi hip phy khdng ddc nhilu chiing td mire dp ddng nhIt vl dudng kinh ciia cdc mao qudn khdng cao vd dilu ndy cung dugc tdi khing dinh trong do thj do sg phan b6 kich thudc mao qudn d hinh 8 dudi ddy.
Sg phdn b6 kich thudc mao qudn ciia cac mlu ITP vd 2TP10 (hinh 7) khd gilng nhau va trai rgng trong viing kich thudc nhd ciia logi xdp trung binh.
Tuy nhien, khdc vdi 2 mlu cdn lai, sg phan bo dudng kfnh mao qudn ciia mlu 3TP10 thi lgi tgp trung trong mgt khodng kfch thudc h?p hon. Dieu ndy cung da dugc thi hif n rlt rd tren dnh SEM ciia cdc mlu d hinh 2. Nhu vay kfch thudc mao quan ciia mdu ITP cung ldn hon so vdi mau 2TP10 vd 3TP10. Ket qua phan tich cua cdc mlu thi nghi?m thu dugc ciing phu hgp vdi cdc cdng bl ciia cdc tdc gid khdc [I7-20J.
Bdng 1: Di?n tich bl mdt vd kich thudc mao quan ciia vgt lieu cd thanh phan khdc nhau 400
350 •
£ 300 V:
^ 250
•h E 2O0
| , 5 0
• | - 100 1 50
i "
*^^^^
) 0 2 0.4 0.6 . 0 8 1 1 - Ap saai urmg 4di (p/p°)
Hinh 6: Dd thi hdp phy Nj bdng phuong phap BET ciia vdt lieu 3TP10
0_1 T
| 0 0 8
S 006
}oM
- 2rpio
— — 3TP10
Birang klnb tningbUib (nm) Hmh 7: Do thi phdn bo kich thudc mao qudn ciia
cdc mdu cd thanh phdn khdc nhau Tit cd cdc mdu thi nghiem dlu o dgng ddng nhi$t hap phu kilu IV vdi mOt khoang tri trong ddng nhiet hdp phu. D^c dilm ndy ciia cdc chdt d dgng mao quan trung binh cho thay sg ngung ty mao qudn cd
Loai mau
ITP 2TP10 3TP10 Ferrihydrit
ri6,171 Oxit sat (III) 118]
Hydroxit sSt (111) dans hat 119]
Di?n tich hi m§t
BET, mVg 242 270 350 100-700 140-186 200-300
The tich mao quan, cmVg 0,319 0,227 0,569
Kich thuac mao quan trung binh, nm
5,2 3,0 3,5
2,9-5,3 3.2. Ket qua t h i nghiem danh gia kha nang ijrng dyng vat li§u tren cof sir Fe(OH)3 d^ xir ly nir*c nhiem TNT
D8 dinh gid kha ning ling dung ciia vat liSu chS t?o duoc cho vi§c xii ly TNT trong mdi truimg nuoc, dS tiSn hanh th^c nghijm xii ly 100 mL dung djch TNT n6ng dp khoang 50 mg/L o pH - 7 theo nhu qui trinh da nSu trong phSn phuang phap. Tren hinh 8 va 9 dual dSy trinh biy ket qua so sanh va danh gid hiSu qua xii ly TNT nhilm trong nuoc bang 3 lo?i vat lieu hap phu duoc khao sat.
KSt qua thvc nghi?m cho thjy kha nang xii ly ctia vjt liSu 3TP10 cao hem han doi vol v$t lieu ITP va 2TP10. H4m lucmg TNT trong dung djch sau xir ly bang vat li?u ITP va 2TP10 con rlt cao; trong khi d6 sau khi xii ly bang vjt lieu 3TP10 thi n6ng,do
479
T C H H . T . 50(4), 2012 T N T trong dung djch c6n rat thap.
MSug^c
Hinh 8. N ^ n g d o T N T trong d u n g djch sau khi xCr ly bang v5t li;u h i p phvi: ITP, 2 T P I 0 v4 3TP10 Hinh 9: So sanh hi^u suat xir ly T N T nhiem trong
l
nude ciia 3 logi vgt li?u h i p phy tren nen F e ( 0 H ) 3
Hi?u sudt xii ly T N T ciia cdc loai vdt li?u h i p phy cd thdnh phdn khdc nhau d u g c trinh bdy tren hinh 9. Qua ket qud thi nghi?m I h l y rdng hi?u s u i t xir ly T N T ciia vgt lieu 3TP10 c a o h o n ddng k l so vdi vat lieu I T P vd 2TP10. Hi?u s u i t xir ly "TNT CLia vgt Ii?u I T P chi dgt d u g c miic Id 3 % , cdn 2TP10 la 6%; trong khi d o vdi vgt li?u 3 T P I 0 cd the dgt dugc hi?u s u i t xii ly ldn hon 9 5 % .
Tir cdc k i t qud khdo sdt b u d c d l u ndy cd t h i nhdn thay vdt li^u h i p phy tren c o sd F e ( 0 H ) 3 d u g c bd sung cdc phy gia Id Si02 vd sdt kim logi Id mgt logi vat lieu h i p phy cd t i l m ndng d l img dyng cho viec xir ly logi bd T N T bj nhiem trong cac nguon nude.
4. KET LUAN
Da che tgo d u g c cdc logi vgt li^u hap phy tr6n c o s o Fe(0H)3 cd chira phy gia Id S i 0 2 vd sdt kim logi, ddng thdi xac dinh d u g c mgt s6 thdng sd hda ly c o bdn ciia chiing.
_ K i t qua phdn tich cho thdy hinh thdi hgc ciia cdc m l u vat li?u vdi thdnh phdn phy gia khac nhau d l u gidng nhau va la dgng vd djnh hinh.
Cau triic m a o qudn cua cdc mau vdt lifu d u g c t h i hi?n r l t rd tren cdc anh SEM, trong so dd vgt li§u hap phy 3 thanh phan la v§t li§u m a o qudn n h I t vd cdc Id mao qudn dong d l u h o n cd.
Xdc djnh cdc thdng so hda ly...
S g cd m$t ciia cdc nguyfin t6 trong v§t li§u bao g6m Fe, Si vd O d u g c khitng djnh q u a k i t qud kilm tra thdnh p h i n nguyfin t6 bdng E D X . D ^ n g thdi kit qud ndy cQng d u g c k i l m c h d n g vd t h 6 n g nhIt vdi ph6 IR.
Di^n tich b l m j t rifing ciia cdc m l u khd ldn. Tal cd cdc m l u d l u cd di§n tich > 240 mVg, trong d6 m l u 3 T P I 0 cd di§n tich b l m$t riSng ldn h o n cd, kit qud ndy cQng phii h g p vdi cdc c d n g b6 cda cdc tdc gid khdc- S g phdn b6 kich t h u d c l5 x6p vd t h i tfch i l x6p cho t h I y cdc m l u v§t li§u d dgng cd miic dO xop trung binh.
K i t qud ddnh gid khd ndng xir IJ log! bd TNT cua v§t li§u dd c h i tgo c h o t h I y logi vgt li^u ba thdnh p h i n ( 3 T P 1 0 ) cd u u t h i v u g t trOi v l khd ndng xir \^
T N T n h i l m trong mdi t r u d n g n u d e .
Ldi c d m o n : Cdc tdc gid Iran trgng cdm an sttt hd trg cua QuS> phdt triin khoa hgc vd cdng nghe quSc gia (NAFOSTED).
TAI L1$U T H A M K H A O
1 Kaidar, D.H. Eric, C. Michel, B. Alain. Applicadon of advanced oxidation processes for TNT removal: A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 178, 10-28 (2010).
2. Q. L. Zhao, Z. F. Ye, M. H. Zhang. Treatment of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) red water by vacuum distillation. Chemosphere, 80, 947-950 (2010).
3 D. Bruns-Nagel, O. Drzyzga, K. Sleinbach, T. C.
Schmidt. E. VonLow, T. Gorontzy. K. H Blotevogcl, D. Gemsa. Anaerobic/aerobic composting of 2.4,6- trinitrotoluene-contaminated soU in a reactor system, Environmental Science and Technology, 32(11), 1676-1679(1998).
4. Rajagopal, J. C. Kapoor. Development ofadsorptive removal process for treatment of explosives contaminated wastewater using actuated carbon.
Joumal of Hazardous Materials, B87, 73-98 (2001).
5. V. Marinovic, M. Ristic, M. Dostanic. Dynamic adsorption of trinitrotoluene on granular activated carbon. Joumal of Hazardous Materials B117, 12!- 128(2005).
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Lien he: Nguyen Hoai N a m Vien Khoa hgc Vgt li^u,
Vi?n Khoa hgc vd C d n g ngh^ Vi$t N a m 18 Hoang Q u d c Viet, Cdu Gidy, Ha Ngi Email: n a m n h @ i m s . v a s t ac.vn.
