NGHIEN CQU - T R A O D O I
y XAC DINH QUAN HE GIO'A VAN T 6 C Dl CHUYEN XE
c a Sd v a i VAN T 6 C CAT V A C H I ^ U DAY PHOI CAT
CClATHi§T B! CONG TAC Ki^U XiCH DAO
DETERMINING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHAIN TRENCHER'S MOVING VELOCITY, CUTTING RATE AND THE SOIL CUT THICKNESS
OF THE DIGGING MECHANISM
ThS. Doan D'mh Diep', TS. Nguyen Viet Tan^
^TrUdng Dai hgc Kien trflc
^Hge vien Ky thuit Quin sfl
Bdi bdo trinh bdy cd sd khoa hgc xac dink moi quan he gii^a van toe chuyen dong tinh tien cm xe cd sd vdi van tdc cat vd chiiu ddy phoi cat d dieu kien cdn bang lUc keo. Tii do, cho pliep xde dinh dUdc qui ludt ciia moi quan hi ndy khi khai thdc mdy ddo cd thiet bi cong tdc kieu xich ddo.
Tfl khoa: Van toe cat, chiiu day phoi cat, thiit bi cong tdc kieu xich ddo.
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this article was to determine the scientific relationship between moving velocity ofchaine trencher and the cutting rate or volume excavation rate and the thickness of soil cut This relationship for understanding the mechanics of regulating parameters on the use of chain trenchers.
Keywords: Cutting rate, thickness of soil cut, digging chain.
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHI VIET NAM. Sd 4 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN CU'U-TRAO OOl
l . D A T V A N D E
Thiet bi cdng tae (TBCT) kieu xich dao l i d^ng thilt bi cat dat cfla m i y d i o nhieu gau.
Khi dao dat, TBCT dUde dat nghiing so vdi mat phang nam ngang va ehuyln ddng tinh tien theo phUdng n i m ngang cung xe cd sd, dong thdi xich dao cd gan cac r i n g cat va tam gat chuyen ddng theo vdng xich thUc hiln cat dat v i v ^ chuyen dat da dugc cat den vi tri dd tai (gudng xa dat). Nhu viy, r i n g eit ddng thdi thUc h i l n cat dit theo phUdng nghieng cua TBTC va dich chuyen tinh tien theo chuyin dgng cfla xe ed sd.
Qua trinh cat dat duge d i e trUng bang van tdc cat dit v i chilu diy phoi cat.
Khi cho trflde thdng sd kit cau cua TBCT v i nang Ifldng d i n ddng xich dao, van tdc cat v i chilu day phoi eat phu thuge dong thdi v i o cap d i t va e h i do l i m vile (vin tde di chuyin cua xe ed sd). N l u bilt trflde cap dit, thi cd t b I Ifla chgn hdp ly v^n tde di chuyen eua xe ed sd hoae cd t b I dieu chinh nang Ifldng dan dgng xich d i o de cd van tde eat v i ehilu day phoi cat dat Idn nhat nham tang nang suit va hilu q u i d i o dit.
Do vay, pham vi bai bao se trinh b i y mdi tfldng quan gifla van tdc di ehuyln xe ed sd vdi van tdc cat va chilu day phoi cat eua TBCT kieu xich dio.
2. X A Y DUNG MO H I N H TINH T O A N TBCT K I E U X f C H D A O
a) Mo hinh v^t ly TBCT k i l u xich dao TBCT kieu xich d i o dflgc lap t r i n cac xe ed sd banh ldp (hinh 1) hoae xieh. Cau tao TBCT kieu xich d i o cho nhU hinh 2.
De dao dUde dat, true dan ddng 1 nhan nang lUgng tfl ddng ca dot trong va truyin nang lugng lim quay dia xich, Iam xieh 2 chuyen ddng d i n dgng gia xieh ed gan cac rang eat 4, 8 cat dat v i cic tam gat 7 van chuyin dat den vi tri x i dit. Dao eat 6 quay quanh chdt 5 thUc hien sfla thanh ham. Ting xich 7 dieu ehinh do vdng eua xieh.
Hinh 2. Cdu tao TBCT kieu xich ddo b) Md hinh tinh toan TBCT k i l u xich dao
Mdt sd gia thilt d l xay dflng md hinh tinh toan: Dieu kiln khao sit d i m bao can bang lUc keo; Xe cd sd khdng trUgt; TBCT khdng tich mat vdi b l mat cat dit; Khdng gap phai ehudng ngai trong qua trinh eat dat.
Xac dinh van tdc cat:
Theo [1], md hinh tUdng tic cua TBCT kilu xieh dao vdi dat cho theo hinh 3, TBCT dugc dit nghiing mdt gdc (p^, iBa xieh quay vdi van toe gdc 0)^. Xet diem A bat ky tren ring eat (hinh 4) cd van tdc cat v^^ hgp vdi true nam ngang gdc (p^, va dUdc dugc xae dinh nhfl sau:
Htnh 1. TBCT kieu xich ddo cda mdy PZM-2 Hmh 3. Sd do tinh todn TBCT hiu xich ddo
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHI C O KHI VIET NAM, Sd 4 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO B 6 I
V = v + v , W Trong do: v la van toe cuon xich (m/s);
V la van toe chuyen dpng tinh tien tuong d6i ciia xe co sd.
v„,=v.,.(l-5)
Tit do ta co: v__,^ = v„. (1 - 5)c,j (5) Vdi:
c = J l + 2a^ft,j COS PI + a'k^^ la he so toe d6 cat dat; o, = - ^ la he so ban kinh; A,, = —
( 1 - ^ ) be sd ty so truyin.
Xic dinh chieu day phoi cat:
Hinh 4. Sd do bieu diin cdc vie td vdn toe Theo hinh 4, ta cd:
V = , / v ' + 2 v V ,COS(v ,v„,,) + v ; .
Hay V^^ = Vv^+2v,/„„COS(^,)H (2)
Theo [11, v i n tdc V ., v i v d d i v d i x e c d
I J ' • m i l ^
sd binh ldp la:
•'., = v . , a - ' 5 ) ; v , = ^ (3)
Trong do: 6 la he so trugt quay eua banh xe chu dong; v^la van toe chuyen dong tinh tien ly thuyet cua xe cO sd (m/s), neu xe co sd dang banh lop. chuyen dpng lan, khdng xay ra trupt.
theo [3]. v^. dilpc xac dinh nhil sau:
Thdi gian t, (giay) de hang rang cat d vi tri thap nhat di chuyen tdi be mat dat vdi mot quang diidng L (chieu dai phan xich tham gia dao dat) la:
(, = — (6)
' " I
Chieu dai PM (theo hinh 3) dupc xac dinh nhii sau:
PM =v_\\-S)t,=v„,(\-a)- (7)
7r.n^.r^
(4)
Vdi: n^ la tdc do quay cua ddng ca cua xe ed sd (vdng/pbut); r^ la b i n kinh banh xe chfl ddng (m); r^^^ l i ban kinh banh sao dan ddng xich dao (m); i^^la ti sd truyen tfl ddng ca din binh xe chu ddng d sd truyin i, i = 1,2,...
Do cic rang cit bd tri trin xich d i o (hinh 2) theo budc lap, nen chieu d i y cat dat tmng binh cfla eac rang eat dat duge bd tri trin mpt hang rang eat dit (trin mgt tam gat eua xich did) dflde xae dinh nhfl sau:
A,47K-0siii(*^-^j[^+l] = ^sin(^-^,)«. (8) Vdi: t^ l i bflde phan bd cac hang rang cat (m); Ujj l i tdng sd hang rang cat dat t r i n chilu dai phan cat dat efla xieh dao; A. l i ti so tdc dd ddii^
bd; P la gdc lech gifla vec td van tdc v^. va v .
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, Sd 4 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO OOl
Theo [1] d va p_ diipc xac dinh nhii sau:
J "« o sine), , ,
v„,(l-5) d. +cosip,
3. MOT SO KET QUA TlNH TOANa) Xac dinh quan he cac van t6c v i chieu day phoi cat theo t6c do dong cd;
So Ueu ban dau (chpn theo may dao hao PZM-2); n^=800-1400vg/ph; r^=0,67m;
r. =0.16m; 6=0; ip =0,69rad; i =28.44; i, =65,4;
DS ' T 1 ' ' Xl del
L=l,2m; t^=0,025m; %=16. Kit qua tinh toin nhu sau:
d i o bi han ehe theo dieu kien dd tii, vi the phi^
thudc vao tinh chat cua mdi trUdng dat dao.
b) Xac dinh quan h i cac v ^ tdc va chieu day phoi cat theo toe do dgng cd va gdc nghiing cua TBCT:
Sd lieu ban dau (chgn theo m i y dao h i d PZM-2): n^=800-1400vg/ph; r^=0,67m;
r^^=0,16m; 6=0; 9^, = 0,523rad; (p^^= 0,785rad;
<p^3=l,07rad; i^,=28,44; 1^,1=65,4; L=l,2m;
t^=0,025m; nj^=16. Kit qua tinh toan nhfl sau:
Hmh 5. Do thi quan he v=f(nj
fiep/g/ph!
Hmh 7. D6 thi quan he v_ =f(n^ <pj
Htnh 6. DS thi quan he v^^ =f(v„J
Hinh 8. Do thf quan he h -f( (p ) Nhdn xet: O dilu kien khio sit ein bang lUc keo, khi thay ddi gdc cp^ v i n^, van tde v^^ tang theo cac qui luat khac nhau, ehilu diy phoi tang khi tang 9^. Trong thfle tl, de dam bao dieu kien Nhdn xet: O dieu kiln khao sit ein bang cin bang Ifle keo vdi lUc ein dao, gde 9 dflgc lUc keo v i TBCT dat nghieng gdc 9, eho trUde, lUa chgn theo cap dat, khi tang cap dat thi gdc 9^
khi tdc do dgng ed tang, eac van tdc v^^^,, v^ va v^^ giam. Nhu vay, ehieu day phoi cat thay ddi theo tang theo cie qui luit khic nhau. Khi van tdc v^^, cap dat, khi cap dat tang thi chilu diy phoi cat
tang, v^, cung tang theo. Tuy nhiln, van toe xich giam. "^
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHI CO KHI VI$T NAM, Sd 4 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN CU'U-TRAODOI
4. KET LUAN
Tfl eac kit q u i v i n h i n xet d tren cho thay, d dilu kien can bang Iflc keo, van tdc tinh tiin efla xe cd sd cd anh hfldng d i n van tdc cat nhflng khdng i n h hfldng d i n chieu day phoi cit, chieu day phoi eat phu thudc vao cap dit (gdc nghieng cua TBCT). Nhfl vay, khi bilt trUdc cip dat, can Ifla chgn gde 9^ v i v£ln tde tinh tien efla xe ed sd hgp ly de dam bao dieu kiln ein bang lUe keo v i hieu qua eat dat l i tdt nhit.*>
Ngiy nhan bii: 12/02/2016 Ngiy phin biln: 14/3/2016
Tai lilu tham khao:
[1]. Pham Dang Ninh; Nghien ciiu xac djnh chi do ldm viec hdp ly cua mdy ddo hdo cd thiit bi cdng tdc dang xich, Luan an Tien si khoa hoc, 2008.
[2]. Vu Cong Ngfi; Cdhoc ddt, NXB. Khoa hoc va Ky thuat, 1995
[3]. TapxoB A. VI., Au^eynoB A. B, Tpvi^ T. B. MameMamu^ecKaa uodenb MexauunecKOU. cucmeMu MHozoKoemoeozo SKCKaeamopa. B KH: flwHaMMKa cTpOHxejibHWX H nopoacHbix MaiuHH, .apxnasnh, 1991.
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 4 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn
