BAI BAB KHOA HOC
XAC OINH NHU CAU THE DUC THE THAO KHU DAN ClT THjXA Tir S0N,TiNH BAG NINH
NguySn Tiiu Hifang*
Dao Thj Thanh Hi"
Tom tat: ^ ^ Su dung cac Phu'O'ng phap nghien ciJu khoa hpc thuong quy, chiing toi ffa lira chon flu^c 3
tiSu chi xae djnh nhu cau TDTT khu dan cu Thj xa Tir Son, Tinh Bac Ninh. Tren oo sa do, xae dinh nhu cju TDTT l<hu dan cu tCf goc dp sir dyng tong sSn pham tr§n dia ban Bac Ninh (GRDP), til tiem nang sil dung cac c6ng trinh th4 thao va l<y vpng cua ngu'O'i tap TDTT va hoat dgng trong giir nhan doi.
Tip lihoa: Nhu cau TDTT, l(hu dSn cu", Thj xa Tii' Son, Tinh Bac Ninh...
Determining the demand for physical training and sports in Tu Son town, Bac Ninh province Summary:
Using the usual scientific research methods, we have selected three criteria to determine the demand for sport in the residential area of Tu Son town, Bac Ninh province. On that basis, the de- mand for sport and physical training in the residential area from the point of view of using gross products in Bac Ninh, the potential use of sports facilities and the expectations of sport and physical training practitioners during their free time.
Keywords: Demand for sport, residential area, Tu Son town, Bac Ninh province ... . flAT VAN DE
Nhu ciu TDTT va tieu dung TDTT la vin dS Idiac biet rat quan trpng giira quan iy TDTT theo CO che cii va theo co che moi - co che quan iy Icinh te Ice hoach tap tnmg, bao c&p va co che quan iy kinh te thi trucmg. Nhu cku TDTT va tieu dung TDTT dong thai con phan anh idia nang phat triSn TDTT nuac ta. Nhu ciu TDTT
PNKITNG PHAP NGHIEN ClIU
Qua trinh nghien cuu su dung cac phuong phap nghien cihi: Phuang phap tham Idiao tai iieu, phuang phap phong van, phuang phap dieu tta xa hoi hpc va phucmg phap toan hpc th6ng Ice.
Khao sat duae tien hanh tren 12 xa, phuang ten dia ban Thi xa Tit San, Tinh B4c Ninh. S6 lupng mto: 342 nguoi dan (h-ong do c6 198 nam Ion, tieu dung TDTT Ion phan anh su phat triln va 144 nir).
TDTT manh me. Phuang phap danh gia T5ng san phim tren Mac du cong cupc d6i mai dit nude da thuc dia ban (GRDP):
hien tir nam 1986, tren co chS quan ly TDTT T6ng san pham tren dia ban (GRDP) duoc ciing da dupe chuySn doi theo cong cupc d5i xae dinh theo 3 phuong phap:
moi dat nuoc, nhung cho toi nay phin Ion cac (1). Xet vS goc dp sir dung (nhu ciu tieu vin de ve nhu ciu va tieu dung TDTT vin chua diing): GRDP la tdng ciu cua nSn Idnh ti tinh.
dupe chu trpng.
Xae dinh chinh xae nhu ciu TDTT tai cac khu diin cu ia dieu kien cSn thigt dl xae dinh tieu
thanh pho bao gom: Tieu dung cu6i cimg eua hg gia dinh, tieu dung cuoi cung eua Chinh quyk dia phucmg, tieh luy tai san (tich luy tai san c6 dung TDTT tai dia ban. Chinh vi vay, chiing toi dinh, tich luy tai san Imi dpng va tich luy tai san tien hanh: Xae dinh nhu eau TDTT khu dan cu quy hiem) va chenh lech xuit nhap khiu hang Thi xa Tii Son, Tinh Bac Ninh. hoa va dich vu.
*TS, Truong Bai hoc TDTT BJc Ninh 5 6 **ThS, Truong Dai hoc Da Nang
(2). Xet ve gdc dp thu nhap, GRDP gdm: Thu nhap cua ngudi lao ddng, thu^ san xuat, khau hao tai san cd dinh dung cho san xuat va gia tri thang du san xuat trong ky;
(3). Xet ve gdc dp san xuit: GRDP bang gia tri san xuat trir di chi phi trung gian cdng thue san xuat trii trp cap san xuat (neu cd).
Trong bai nay tdi xae dinh theo phuang phap thii nhat - Xet ve gdc dp sir dung turc la nhu cau tieu dung cua GRDP. GRDP cang Idn thi tieu diuig cudi cung cua hd gia dinh cang Idn. O day, neu tieu dimg cua hd gia dinh cang Idn thi trong dd phan anh mdt phan nhu can tieu diing cho TDTT va giai tri ciing cang Idn. Ta thay GRDP lien quan nhieu tai nhu cau tieu dung TDTT va giai tri, dieu nay da dupe minh ehung d mpi qudc gia tien tien, cd nen cdng nghiep phat trien.
Danh gia kha nang can phuc vu ciing liic cua cdng trinh TDTT
Dinh nghia: kha nang dap ling sd lupng ngudi tap theo tieu chuan cung liic ciia tat ca cac cdng trinh TDTT eho tdng sd ngudi dan (tinh tir 3 tudi trd len).
M\ic dich: chi sd ve sd ngudi can dap ling nhu cau tap luyen TDTT ciia cdng trinh TDTT, chi sd so sanh vdi kha nang dap ling thvrc te ciia cac cdng trinh TDTT hien cd.
Phuofng phap tinh: bang tich cua tdng dan sd vdi 0.182 (ty le ma cdng hinh TDTT cin dap ling vdi sd lupng tieu chuan la 10.000 ngudi)
Du lieu yeu cau: tieu chuan do Nha nude ban hanh ve sd ngudi tap cung liic cua tiing loai cdng trinh TDTT (thudng gdm 3 loai: san tap, nha tap, be boi) theo phan doan dan eu (3 - 6 tudi, hpc sinh, sinh vien cao dang va trung cap, sinh vien dai hpc, ngudi lao ddng).
Cdng thiic tinh: E - C > = E n = C x 1.820/10.000-0x0,182
E: La kha nang can phuc vu cung liic ciia cac cdng trinh TDTT (ngudi).
C: La tdng sd dan cua viing, mien, khu vuc (ngudi).
En: La chuan kha nang phuc vii cung liic ciia cac cdng trinh TDTT (1-820 ngudi/10.000 dan)
Kf T QUA NGHIEN C(fU U BAN LUAN 1. Lira chon tieu chi xae djnh nhu cau the due the thao khu dan cu* Thj xa TIP Svn tinh Bac Ninh
fiMTUIMIUJyilLIIYBIiTIETHAO SOOAC BIET/2018 Ket qua phan tich va tdng hpp cac tai lieu cd lien quan cho thay, tac dpng cua cac yeu td khae den nhu cau TDTT bao gdm: Thu nhap; Thj hieu va cac ky vpng; Sd lupng ngudi tieu dung; Gia cua hang hda lien quan.
De dam bao tinh khach quan khi lua chpn cac tieu chi, chiing tdi tien hanh phdng van 35 can bp quan ly, chuyen gia, giang viSn bang phieu hdi. Ket qua da lua chpn dupe 3 tieu chi danh gia gdm:
Ve nhu cau TDTT tii gdc dp sir dung GRDP.
Ve sd lupng ngudi cd nhu cau tiem nang sii dung cac cdng trinh TDTT
Ve ky vpng cua ngudi tap TDTT va boat ddng trong gid nhan ddi.
2. Danh gia nhu ciu t h i dgc the thao tip goc dp SLP dung GRDP
Khao sat tdng san pham (GRDP) cua tinh Bac Ninh va Thi xa Tu Son theo sd lieu thdng ke cua Cue thdng ke tinh Bac Ninh. Ket qua dupe trinh bay tai bang 1.
Qua bang 1 va bieu dd 1 cho thay: Chi sd GRDP binh quan dau ngudi cua ca tinh Bac
Bang 1. Tong san phim (GRDP) cua tinh Bac Ninh va Thj xa TIP So'n
giai doan 2010-2015
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Nam
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
GRDP binh quan dau ngirol (USD/nam) Tinh Bac Ninh
1.800 2.884 3.211 4.864 4.523 5.192
Thi xa Tu- Son 2.695 3.312 3.349 3.756 4.773 5.680
Nguon so lieu: Cue thSng k§ tinh Bic Ninh
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Bieu do 1. Dien bien GRDP cua tinh BSC Ninh va Thi xa TIP Sen giai doan 2010-2015
BAI BAO KHOA HOC
Bang 2. Danh gia lihi nang can phjic vu cung liic cua c6ng trinh the dye the thao
theo dan s6 thwi diem nam 2014 Ninh noi ehung va cua Thi xa Tir Son n6i rieng
dSu tang hi nam 2010 dSn 2015. Trong do, cua tmh Bic Ninh, giai doan 2010 -2011 va 2012 - 2013 la c6 su tang trucmg dang ke, dSn nam 2014 va 2015 la eham lai. D6i vdi Thi xa Tu Son, GRDP binh quan diu ngucri nam 2015 tang gip hai lin so voi nam 2010. DiSu nay chiing to nhu ciu tieu ding TDTT va giai tti cua nguai dan Thi xa Tir Son tang manh ttong 5 nam, hi 2010 den 2015.
3. So lu'O'ng ngu'O'i c6 nhu cau tiem nang sir dung c6ng trinh TDTT cua Thi xa TIP So'n iTng dung cong thue vS danh gia kha nang cin phiic vu eiing lue eua cong trinh TDTT theo dan s6, chiing toi da ti8n hanh thu thap so Ueu v^ dan s6 va kk qua tinh toan nhu trinh bay a bang 2.
KSt thu duge a bang 2 cho thiy: BI dap img
Bang 3. Cac khu, cym cong nghiep va lang nghe Thj xa Tip San TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
X3 phirvng RCh§u Kh6 P.Binh Bang P.Oong Ky P.Dong Ngiin P.Dong Nguyen
P.TSn H6ng P.Trang Hg X.HlFong Mac
X.Phu Chin X.PhCl Khe X.Tam Son X-Tu-ang Giang
Tong so
Dllns6 (ngifd'i) 17.248 18.853 17.455 10.16 16 452 12.506 6.001 17.10 9.479 13.274 13.292 11.731 163.551
TJI$
1.820/10.000 3.139 3.431 3.177 1.849 2.994 2.276 1.092 3.112 1.725 2.416 2.419 2.135 29.765
TT 1 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 II 1
2
3 III
Huy^n/Xa phira-ng
RChSu Khe
P.Dinh BSng P.Dong Ky P.Dong Ngan P.Dong Nguyen
P.Tan Hong P.Trang Ha X.Hifong Mac
X.PhCi Chan X.PhCi KhS X.Tam Son X Tuong Giang
H.Tien Du P.Dong Nguyen P.Dong Nguyen P.Trang Ha
H.Tlen Du X.Phu Chan
Cum va khu cdng nghiep TSn goi
Cum cdng nghiep CCN Chau Khe CCN Chau Kh6 md rong CCN Dinh BSng 1 (L6 Sung)
CCN Ma Ong (Dinh BSng)
CCN Doc Sgt CCN lang nghe Huong Mgc
CCN Cong ngh# cao Tam Son CCN iang nghi Tirong Giang
Khu cdng nghiep KCN TISn Son
KCN KANAKA
KCN VISiP Ldng nghi Tong so (l-HI*lll)
S6 lu-ong 8 2
2
18 29
Di^n tich (ha) 87.06
13.5 9.59 9.65 5.05
9.25 27.88
13.49 8.3
410
74
700
CSTT LK
3
2
1
6 KLK
4 1
1
6
fllo'TAollliiWANUIYByTHETHAO SO'BAG B I E T / 2 0 1 8 kha nang can phuc vu cung luc cua cdng trinh
TDTT d muc 36.4% dan sd trong nam, thi cac cdng trinh TDTT cua Thi xa Tu Scm c k phai dap ling la 29.765 ngudi.
Tuy nhien, viec xae djnh sd lugng ngudi tieu dung TDTT tiem nang ngoai y6u td la ngudi dan dia phuang can tinh toan den sd luong lao dpng tir nai khae den. De xae dinh yeu td lien quan nay ehung tdi tiep tuc tien hanh xae dinh dac thu khu dan cu Thi xa Tu Son va su phan bd cdng trinh TDTT. Ket qua thu dugc nhu trinh bay d bang 3.
Ket qua thu dugc d bang 3 cho thay: Thi xa Tir Son cd so lugng rat Idn cac cum cdng nghiep va khu cdng nghiep, vdi tdng sd 8 cum cdng nghif p, 3 khu cdng nghiep va 18 lang nghe tren tdng sd 12 xa phudng la tuong ung ty le 2.4 CCN/xa phudng.
Cd the ndi cac KCN, CCN va lang nghe cd vai trd rat to Idn trong phat trien kinh te d Thi xa Tir Son nhu: Ddng gdp Idn vao gia tri cdng nghiep tinh Bac Ninh; nang cao gia tri kim ngach xuat khau; giai quyet viec lam, nang cao thu nhap, ddi sdng va trinh dp ngudi lao dong;
tang thu ngan sach dia phucmg; thiic day cac loai
Bang 4. Ket qua phdng van ky vong tham gia hoat dong TDTT a Thj xa Tu' San (n=342) hinh dich vu phuc vu phat trien cdng nghiep.
Dae biet la thiic day nhanh tdc dp hda khu dan cu, trong dd cd cdng trinh TDTT ndi ehung va sd ngudi tham gia tap luyen TDTT.
Neu xem xet nhu cau tap luyen TDTT thdng qua sd lugng cac ca sd kinh doanh dich vu TDTT (cac dich vu phai tra phi) cho thay su phat trien tuong ddi tdt. Cu the:
Sd lugng co sd kinh doanh dich vu the thao phan dhu giua xa phudng cd KCN, CCN {chiem ty le 50.0%).
Chi cd 6 xa phudng chua cd co sd the thao nao kinh doanh dich vu the thao gdm: P.Chau Khe, P.Ddng Ky, P.Tan Hdng, X.Huang Mac, X.Phu Chan, X.Tuong Giang.
4. Ky vong cua ngu'O'i tap the due the thao va hoat dong trong gid> nhan doi
Trong nam 2014-2015, chiing tdi tien hanh nghien ciiu ky vpng tham gia TDTT tai Thi xa Tir Son, tinh Bac Ninh. Chiing tdi da to ehuc thu nhan y kien va phan tich y kien cua cac tang lap xa hdi khae nhau tren dia ban Thi xa Tu Son, tinh Bac Ninh.
Ket qua thu dugc nhu trinh bay d bang 4.
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Muc dich Muon CO sue !(ho6
D l c6 mot ngoai hinh cSn doi De giai tri
Yeu thfch giao tiep/iam quen vd'i ngiroi khae Don gian chi id s\jf t h i hi#n ban than Nang cao thanh tich the thao VS cac muc dich kh^c
Nam(n=198) m.
70 78 17 11 14 5 3
35.40
%
39.40 8.60 5.60 7.10 2,50 1.50
Nir (n=144) m i 24 94 25 0 0 1 0
16.70
%
65.30 17.40 0 0 0.0 0.70 0.0
Ket qua bang 4 cho thay: Tap luyen de tang cudng siic khoe, de cd mdt the hinh phat trien can ddi, de giai tri da trd thanh muc dich chinh, mang tinh chii dao. Nhung miic do ddi hdi cua nhimg nhu cau tren lai khae nhau giua nam va nii. Neu nam gidi vdi muc dich tap luyen the thao de tang cudng siic khoe (35.4%) ddng thdi hoan thien va giii gin the hinh can ddi, cudng trang (39.4%), thi d nu gidi muc dich tap luyen the thao de hoan thien va giu cho ca th§ can ddi, ggi cam chiSm tdi 65.3%.
Nhu vay, muc dich tap luyen thi thao d6 tang cudng siic khoe ddi vdi nu gidi chi chiem vi tri
thii 3 (16.7%), muc dich giai tri diing thii 2 (17.4%). Ddi vdi nam gidi tap luyen the thao vdi muc dich giai tri diing thii 3 (gan 8.6%) cua nhu cau tap luyen. Mac du nhung muc dieh (nhu cau) khae khdng cd y nghia Idn lam, nhung tren CO sd nghien ciiu va tinh den cac nhu cau dd se cd y nghia nhat dinh trong viec xay dung mdi trudng canh tranh, va kha nang canh tranh ciia thi trudng dich vu the thao, nghia la xay dung mdi trudng dich vu the thao phii hgp va dap ling dugc mgi nhu cau cua khach hang. Trude tien, dd la su phii hgp, su cd the chap nhan dugc cua dich vu.
BAI BAO KHOA HOC
Bang 5. Ket qua phong van ve iru tien sir dung thai gian nhin roi cho c^c hoat dong u'a thich cua ngu'O'i dan a Thj xa TCr Son (n=668)
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
U'a tien sir dgng thd'i gian nhim roi cho cac ho^t dpng ya thich
Xem trien iam, nha hat Vao cac quan bar Xem vd tuyen Choi trd choi dien tu' Tham hdi bgn be Tap luyfn TDTT Nhirng vi§c khae
Kit q u i mr
12 162 153 43 150 142 6
1.80
%
24.30 22.90 6.40 22.50 21.30 0.90
Xep h^ng 6 1 2 5 3 4 7
De gop phan lam ro va xae dinh phirong thirc pho cap nhat ciia ngucri dan trong Thi xa Tir Son su dung thoi gian ranh r6i. Kk qua thu dugfc nhu trinh bay a bang 5.
Qua bang 5 eho thay: Tap luyen TDTT khong phai la tru tien so mpt cua ngucri dan Thi xa Tir Son khi su dung thoi gian ranh r5i, do la ket qua ma ehung toi nhan duoc. K^t qua tren cang tro nen ro rang khi chiing ta co them dit lieu nhu sau: phu nir, thanh nien - chu yeu la nhung nguai eo mire thu nhap cao la lire luong can ban trong nhimg nguoi co nhu ciiu sir dung eae dich vu TDTT.
Nam gioi thich tu minh tap luyen th6 thao
KETlUAN
Ket qua nghien ciiu cho thay: Nhu ciu TDTT eua dan eu Thi xa Tir Son tuong d6i Idn thi hi?n a cac diem sau:
Nhu eau TDTT va giai tri tir goc do sir diing GRDP diu ngucri ciia Thi xa Tir Son nam 2015 tang gip doi nam 2010 (dat 5.680 USD/diu ngucri).
So luong ngucri co nhu eau tiem nang sir dung cong trinh TDTT cung lue chiSm toi 31%
dan so Thi xa Tir Son, chua k8 s6 nguoi tra phi tham gia dich vu tap luyen TDTT 6 khu eong nghiep, lang nghd.
..;.,. So nguoi eo ky vpng tham gia hoat dong troiig dieu kien o nha. Tom lai, tap luyen TDTT TDTT dS eo siie khoe hoac ngoai hinh dep chiSm chiem V, hi thvt_4 trong vi h-1 uu tien su dung s6 luong kha Ion, dat qua nira dan s5 Thi xa Til thoi gian raiih roi. Vao eae quan bar giii vi tri Scm, mae du ttr ky vong djn hanh vi tap luyen eon mpt khoang each; Nhu cSu hoat dong TDTT thii nhat, dieu do eho thay, ti6m nang eila thi
trucmg dieh vu TDTT hong Thi xa Tir Son chua dupe van dung va khai thac triet dl. Di mo rpng thi phan, khai thae triet dl tilm nang ciia thi mrcmg dieh vu TDTT, theo ehung toi ein thilt phai xay dung, tuyen huyin, quang ba l6i sing manh khoe, lanh manh, su dung hieu qua, hiiu ich thoi gian ranh r6i a m6i nguoi dan Thi xa Tir Son, BSe Ninh.
Theo ket qua nghien eiiu neu tren, ta th4y ky vong ciia nguoi dan Thi xa Tir Son tham gia TDTT chu ylu muln eo siie khoe (35,4% o nam va 16,7 % o nii), muln co ngoai hinh can dii (39,4% 6 nam va 65,3 % cr nii). Ky vpng chfaih la nhu eau khat khao, la dpng lire dSn din tham gia TDTT dii phai tta phi. Nhu ciu hoat dpng TDTT xep thii 4 ttong cae loai boat dpng cua ngucri dan Thi xa Tir Son dl sir dung thai gian nhan dii.
ttong thai gian nhan dii cua ngucri dan Thi xa Tir Son diing thii 4 ttong nhiing nhu c4u giai tti.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Chung A, Nguyin Dinh Tin (1997), Nghien cuu xa hoi hoc, Nxb Chinh tri QuIe gia.
Ha Npi.
2. Luong Kim Chung, Trin Hilu, Duong Nghiep Chi (2011), Kinh ti hoc TDTT, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi.
3. Nguyin Quang Dong (2006), Bdi gidng kinh te luong, Nxb Thing ke. Ha Npi.
4. Ngp Trang Hung (2013), "Xae dinh tai san TDTT a mot sl tinh thanh phia bjc dl phue v\i quan ly TDTT o nuoc ta", Luan dn tien si khoa hoc gido due.
5. Trin Ngpc Phac, Trkn Thi Kim Thu (2006), Gido trinh ly thuyet thong ke, Nxb Thong ke. Ha Npi.
^u- . u ' ^ . * ' " ' P " 8 * ' " " ' ^ O I S , Phan bien ngay 12/11/2018, duy?t in ngay 28/11/2018 Chiu trach nhiem chinh: Nguyen Thu Hu'O'ng, Email: [email protected])
