APPENDICES - A study of rain attenuation on terrestrial paths at millimetric wavelengths in Sou

TableALl Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate the specific rainattenuation forLadysmith

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical POlarization

10 2.63 2.19

20 8.97 6.06

30 12.81 11.57

40 15.59 13.07

50 18.74 14.51

- - ^_._-~- ^m

'm 01

001

0lD1 -+-ZOl 001

-ZOl

Ell J() Cl

QlD1j.<.-~'-+-~"-'-t~~-+---'---~---r--~

Ell o

10 Cl

0llll1j..:...~-'--+~~--tl---,....----,----r-_--I

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

Fig. Al.2 Specific rain attenuation for horizontal and vertical polarization in Newcastle;

taking rain rate exceeded for 0.01^% of the time

Appendices

Table Al.2 Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate thespecific rain attenuation for Newcastle

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

10 3.51 2.91

20 10.29 7.91

30 16.65 13.2

40 20.10 16.83

50 21.25 18.58

11) 11) - -

-=

001

4l 8J :D 11

0CD1 ...~"--+-'~--"-t~~+--~_~ _ _..,.-_---j

o 4l 8J

:D 11

OllDlj..:.-~'-+--'~--"-t~~.l,---r----,---r---<

~(Gtl

Horizontal Polarization

~Gtl

Vertical Polarization

Fig. A1.3 Specific rain attenuation for horizontal and verticalpolarization in Vryheid;

taking rain rate exceeded for 0.01^%of the time

Table A1.3 Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate thespecific rain attenuation for Vryheid

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

10 1.98 1.65

20 6.00 4.64

30 9.85 7.84

40 12.07 10.13

50 12.91 11.30

-<lID • ID

~(Gtl

Vertical Polarization

1) ID

- - - - - ^-

-<lID +m

3l 1)

01 1)

Horizontaf'TJlmlMation

111

001

QlIDIJ-.-~-r-o~"""---+~...J:"'--~-~ _ _~_---J

Fig.AlASpecific rain attenuation for horizontal and vertical polarizationin Pietermaritzburg; taking rain rate exceeded for 0.01^% of the time

Appendices

Table AI.4 Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate thespecific rain attenuation for Pietermaritzburg

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

10 3.58 2.97

20 10.32 7.90

30 16.55 13.09

40 19.80 16.57

50 20.80 14.17

100 - -

-2llJ

-2llJ -:.Dl1

DOl

DIDI ...= ^DOl

!Il Bl 41 10 3l

DIDI+--~'--t-"~--'-t~~+--~_~ _ _- r - _ - - - j

JU Bl 3l 41

DaD1+--~"-t-~-'-I~~+--~ _ _~_--.-_---1

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

Fig. A1.5 Specific rain attenuation for horizontal and verticalpolarization in U1undi; taking rain rate exceeded for 0.01^% of the time

Table A1.5 Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate the specific rain attenuation for U1undi

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

10 3.13 2.60

20 9.09 6.98

30 14.63 11.58

40 17.57 14.71

50 18.49 16.17

ID - - - ---~---,-- , - - - , - -

- u l - -

01 .3ll1

001

-+-JIlI

oan --- --- .. --- ^Q01

ID it) J) Cl

oantJ---"-+-'~...~~-+-_-.-_ _.--_....,....__

it) 0

~ Cl

00D1J.!---"-+-,~"""""~~+----,---r--_~_~

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

Fig. A1.6 Specific rain attenuation for horizontal and vertical polarization in East London;

taking rain rate exceeded for 0.01% of the time

Appendices

Table A1.6 Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate the specific rain attenuation for East London

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

10 3.24 2.69

20 9.72 7.50

30 15.87 12.61

40 19.34 16.23

50 20.62 18.04

1lD

01 ... m

001 ... m

4l III Jl 1)

QQl1l-L--~'--t--"~...~~-+-_-.,...._---._ _..,..-_...

ID o

~ 4l

Ollll1J.--...-~'-+--'~""""'~~+---.,....---,~_...,....-_-i

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

Fig. A1.7 Specific rain attenuation for horizontal and vertical polarization in Bloemfontein;

taking rain rate exceeded for 0.01 % of the time

Table AI.7 Values by which the ITU-R under-estimate the specific rain attenuation for Bloemfontein

Frequency (GHz) ITU-R Under-estimate Values (dB/km)

Horizontal Polarization Vertical Polarization

]0 2.38 1.98

20 7.13 5.5]

30 11.66 9.27

40 14.23 9.40

50 15.16 13.27

Appendices

Appendix B: Estimation of Path Attenuation Using Different Existing Models on the Available

Local Rain Data

The plots of the three existing models using the actual local measurements recorded for each geographical location situated at different frequencies for the estimation of the path attenuation exceeded at 0.01 % oftime not shown in chapter five of this work are shown in the figures below.

: B l , - - - , - - - " - - - _

15 1)

ol----~--~--~--~-~

2tGHz 15

RlhlBtlh(lnl

O l ! - - - + - - - + - - - r - - - - r - - - - o

~(Inl

30GHz

Fig B2.t Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Richards Bay for frequencies 20 GHz and 30 GHz

l l l , - - - , . . - - - -

14ly---,

·1

ol---+---i----~---~--~

20GHz

ol----+----~--~---~--~

o ~ ~ ~

RlIllsVh(ln)

30 GHz

Fig. B2.2 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Cape Town for frequencies 20 GHz and 30 GHz

1 I l r = = = = = = ; - - -

-+-mJRMxIj

14l¹y---,.-

E i=

'O1ll

C~ ... MJ.Po,m Mxti

;;lIlf---~/1:

..,~

~EI) ill

.!!~4)_~

---.. --- ---i

I

ol----r---.---~---~---~

o ~ ~ ~

RlIllsVh(ln)

20GHz

Ol+----~--~---~---_,_--~

o ~ ~ ~

RlIlilrgh(ln)

30GHz

Fig. B2.3 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Brandvlei for frequencies 20 GHz and 30 GHz

Appendices

25 10 15

O!---~---~--~---~--___1

JIl..---.--- ---J

10 15

ol---~---;---~_--~--~

:mF""=~~====-r--

RlhlB'gh(lnl

20 GHz 30 GHz

Fig. B2.4 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Pretoria for frequencies 20 GHz and 30 GHz

: m . , - - - . , - - - - 2 I l 1 , - - - , - - - -

10 15

RlhlBgh(lnJ

ol---;.---~---~--~---~

o'l---+---~---_--__r_--~

20GHz 30 GHz

Fig. B2.5 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Durban for frequencies 20 GHz and 30 GHz

8l,....---r---~--, 3 D , - - - . , , - - - , Ii

...~

Ol+----.---,---~---~----,

0 1 ) 1 5 25

25 1) 15

Ol+---,---~---~---_r_--____,

fljhlBltt(lnl

10 GHz

RlhlBltt(lnl

20GHz

~19)

"^~

. ~

w~ cmc

,"

_«s>~

_, ~. ¹mE

:!!

I,§

Ic~3D't_---~--___:1f_~

2Il'~r-~~---1 ^3D

.... flURMxtj

~3D

.,E c

C~fi)If---..J_~

;;c 1l"8_~^1CD

w co

~s>

1) 15

RlhLJrgh(lnl

40GHz

OJ---,---~---__r---~--~

25 o

1) 15

RlhLJrgh(lnl

30GHz

O+---r---r---r----~---,

Fig. B2.6 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Ladysmith for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz

Appendices

16 :Ill

-nuRMlI1!I

~1BJ .... a.noGcDl_

~ .... 1Itr.fIa,m- 'l;

~em

'll..,

5^III

.

wc 0 .~

.

li^oll

z 0

0 15 :ID

o1---+---,----~---~--~

1 l l . = = = = = = = = ; - - - -

in:2

• ....1Itr.fIa,mMxI!l

~1Ilj----~----'

10 GHz 20GHz

3 D f = - ' = = = = = = ; - :BJ...---,---

3D in:2

~2D'0 f---,,---'

"

^~_~m

15 10 15

o+---~c---~---~---~---__1

ol---f----~---~---~---~

30GHz 40GHz

Fig. B2.7 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Newcastle for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz

( i J , . . - - - , - - - - 1 B l , . - - - , ; - - - -

---1 I

---1I

i

~4)

'0 cm

~3l+_---'

i!:

oci

~~3l

i

~10

10 15

O~---r__--_---~---~---~

15 20 10

o~--_---~---~---~--~

10 GHz 20GHz

Z I l I l " " " " " - - - , , - - - - - -

ZIlIr======;

-I I

.... oa-eOdBMnl ---

Ol+_---r__--_---~---__r---~

~:m

'0c:

e'dl'I---~,.--J

;;1l o

8^1D

ill

O + _ - - - r _ _ - -_ _--~---~---~

30GHz 40GHz

Fig. B2.8 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Vryheid for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz

Appendices

l I l . , = = = = = = = , - - - - -- - - , ZD,---,---~---____,

:i5

- ---I

40GHz

RlhLtrgl1(1n1

20GHz

JIIl

-+-1TURMrl!l

:m iDE

j2!l)

"0 c~ u

~3:D

0.;

~~S

jm

!Il

:i5 0

10 15

RlhlBUh(ln)

IOGHz

JIIl

-+-nuRMrl!l

~ .... OcreCJctd M:I:b

~:;m"0

~~D

0.;

~:1SJ

1

¹⁰⁰

«~

!Il

0 10 15

R<hLtrgl1(1n1

30GHz

Fig. B2.9 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sightlinks for Pietermaritzburg for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHzand 40 GHz

: -;--1

^'^,^,^,^,_, ^,^,^,^,^,_,

, ,

----.----.--~.- ---1---··---

, : I

, I

i I

-_~ -1

o1----~--_:---___;.----..;...---__i

3D --

-1

I I

-,I

10 15

Rlhls11t(ln)

ol---:----~--_r_---~-

1 0 , - - - . . , - - - ;

IOGHz 20GHz

10 15

1lIlhl.frgh(ln)

- ^-~

:Ill

-+-nuRMnl

:m ... Q;reQdDMnl

iD~

~2SJ'0

.

c^u

&3D

0ci

i:~s

w '~100c lj~

'"

^lD

21 ⁰

10 15

IlIlhlBltt(ln)

ol---+---i---~---~--___, o

:m,,===~==~=,--

30GHz 40GHz

Fig. B2.10 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for Ulundi for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz

Appendices

:m.---,---~

ai :!!1IIl

'"E

~~1lDI----...---'

o.,;

i:..,

~81

m Co

.;;:,

~C4)

-r1

i /

.--_...-----_.-- - -...._. _.~_.---- -----

~.-r

4 ) 1 - - - ;

11),---,

ol---I----;---+---+---~

ol---;---~---~---~--~

0 1 ) 1 5 25

-lJrUh(lnl

10 GHz 20GHz

-+-ruRMUl

---_...,

ai2IJ -+-Q:reOdljMxII :!!

i=E -+-Mljj:unlMxll

2m

8~ c

~fi)..,

"llm

W1D~ Cc

li!ll

lD 25 0

0 1) 15

RlhLsgh(lnj

40GHz

ot---I----;I---~---~---~

30GHz

-+-ffiJRMxII

3D-.=======~~---

Fig. B2.11 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrialline-of-sight links for East London for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz

l I l ' r - - - r - - - - 'Bllr======~---I

1l 20GiIz

fVlIBllh(Inl

o1---;---t---~---__r_--_,

I ---,---,--- ---j

I jjj

:!!!Il

i=E

~4)~---'

;;3)1:

.,;

~§;o

~o_~

~1lc

foGHz ¹⁵

~(Inl

40GHz

jjj2ll :!!

~~mc

..

1lQ

~15)-g

-:

"'100_c

~_c

:is)

0 0 15 25

ol---+----~--~---~--__,

2 I l 1 r - - - ,

Rlhls'gh(Inl

30GHz

~'BlIl---,---':/

;;.,;

.".,

1

^{100 -}

illc

~_~

~S)c

Fig. B2.12 Rain attenuation prediction models for terrestrial line-of-sight links for B1oemfontein for frequencies 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz

Dalam dokumen A study of rain attenuation on terrestrial paths at millimetric wavelengths in South Africa. (Halaman 114-132)