CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS
4.2 QUANTITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS
4.2.9 Correlation between years of experience in current position and
4.2.9.1 Experience in current position network of support
The results (p= 0.299) showed no statistically significant result that nurse leaders have networks of support where they share their experiences on policy related issues. Refer to table 4.18
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Table 4.18: Experience in current position and network of support (n=78)
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df
Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Exact Sig.
(2-sided)
Exact Sig.
(1-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square .626a 1 .429
Continuity Correctionb .278 1 .598
Likelihood Ratio .628 1 .428
Fisher's Exact Test .599 .299
Linear-by-Linear Association .618 1 .432
N of Valid Cases 78
a. 0 cells (, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 9, 50.
4.2.9.2 Experience in current position in relation to problem identification The p-value= 0.203 shown in the Chi- Square table 4.19 indicates no statistically significant relationship between the years of experience in current position and participation of nurse leaders at problem identification stage.
Table 4.19: Experience in current position and problem identification (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 5.954a 4 .203
Likelihood Ratio 7.144 4 .128
Linear-by-Linear Association .720 1 .396
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 4 cells (40, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1, 48.
4.2.9.3 Experience in current position in relation to policy formulation
Based on the results shown in table 4.20, the p-value=0.171 indicates no significant correlation between years of experience in current position and participation of nurse leaders in policy formulation.
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Table 4.20: Experience in current position and policy formulation (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value df
Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 6.402a 4 .171
Likelihood Ratio 6.554 4 .161
Linear-by-Linear Association .904 1 .342
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 2 cells (20, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3, 46.
4.2.9.4 Experience in current position in relation to policy implementation
The Fisher’s exact test shows that there is a statistically significant association between the years of experience in the current position and policy implementation. The p-value=
0.007 suggesting high correlation between the two variables. Refer to table 4.21
Table 4. 21: Experience in current position and policy implementation (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.177a 4 .007
Likelihood Ratio 16.674 4 .002
Linear-by-Linear Association 3.850 1 .050
N of Valid Cases 78
a. 4 cells (40, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2, 92.
4.2.9.5 4.2.9. 5 Experience in current position in relation to policy evaluation There was no correlation found between years of experience in current position and policy evaluation as illustrated in table 4. 22
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Table 4.22: Experience in current position and policy evaluation (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 6.755a 4 .149
Likelihood Ratio 6.905 4 .141
Linear-by-Linear Association 3.128 1 .077
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 4 cells (40, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1, 97.
4.2.10 Correlation between experience in current position and confidence in participation in policy development.
The participants were asked to rate their confidence levels in policy development activities using a scale from 1 to 5, with 1 being no confidence, 2 below average, 3 average, 4 above average and five indicating total confidence. Participants had to rate their confidence in relation to the following aspects:
Knowledge and skills at all stages of the health policy development process
Experience necessary for active participation in health policy development process
Analysing nursing concerns or health issues that can be addressed through policy intervention or reform
Analyse health policies and/or make recommendations about them to policy- makers
Awareness of role if given an opportunity to actively participate in the policy process
Research and analytical skills to inform research with evidence.
Dissemination of research findings to policy-makers.
A Fisher’s test was done to determine any statistically significant correlation between years of experience in current position and the level of confidence of nurse leaders in different variables. The results showed that there was no correlation between the years of experience in current position and confidence levels.
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4.2.10.1 Current position in relation to confidence in knowledge and skills
The Fisher’s test conducted indicated no statistically significant correlation between the years of experience in current position and the nurse leaders’ confidence in the knowledge and skills required for policy development. Refer to table 4.23
Table 4.23: Current position and confidence in knowledge and skills (n=79) Chi-Square Tests
Value Df
Asymptotic Significance (2- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 1.719a 4 .787
Likelihood Ratio 1.727 4 .786
Linear-by-Linear Association .108 1 .743
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 4 cells (40, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2, 96.
4.2.10.2 Current position in relation to confidence in experience
Table 4.24 shows that, there was no statistically significant correlation between the number of years in current position and confidence in experience necessary for the nurse leaders to participate in health policy development. The p-value =0.586.
Table 4.24: Current position and confidence in experience (n=79) Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 2.836a 4 .586
Likelihood Ratio 2.877 4 .579
Linear-by-Linear Association 1.442 1 .230
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 2 cells (20, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3, 46.
4.2.10.3 Current position in relation to confidence in health policy analysis
The P value of 0.228 illustrated in the Chi-Square table 4.25, shows that there is no association between the number of years in current position and confidence of nurse leaders in analysing policies.
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Table 4.25: Current position and confidence in health policy analysis (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 5.639a 4 .228
Likelihood Ratio 5.777 4 .216
Linear-by-Linear Association 3.125 1 .077
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 2 cells (20, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2, 47.
4.2.10.4 Current position and confidence in awareness of their role in policy
The results showed no correlation between the years of experience in current position and being confident that they were aware of their role in policy development (p=0.466). See table 4.26
Table 4.26: Current position and confidence in awareness role (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 3.576a 4 .466
Likelihood Ratio 3.617 4 .460
Linear-by-Linear Association
3.107 1 .078
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 0 cells (, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5, 43.
4.2.10.5 Current position in relation to confidence in in research analysis
Table 4.27 shows that there was no statistically significant association between the number of years in current position and confidence of nurse leaders in analysing research findings (p=0.123).
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Table 4.27: Current position and confidence in research analysis (n=79)
Chi-Square Tests
Value df
Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7.249a 4 .123
Likelihood Ratio 7.407 4 .116
Linear-by-Linear Association 4.340 1 .037
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 4 cells (40, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2, 47.
4.2.10.6 Current position and confidence in dissemination of research findings The p-value of 0.259 illustrated in table 4.28 shows that there was no correlation
between the number of years in current position and the confidence of nurse leaders in disseminating research findings.
Table 4.28 Confidence in dissemination of research findings (n=79) Chi-Square Tests
Value Df
Asymptotic Significance (2- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 5.287a 4 .259
Likelihood Ratio 5.366 4 .252
Linear-by-Linear Association 2.872 1 .090
N of Valid Cases 79
a. 2 cells (20, 0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3, 46.