The major findings are provided below:
• Before the implementation of Economic Structural Adjustment Programme in Zimbabwe the country already had social challenges it faced which made things more problematic for ESAP implementation in the country.
• After the implementation of Economic Structural Adjustment Programme the challenges of the country intensified for example the unemployment level raised.
• The gap between the rich and the poor widened after the implementation of Economic Structural Adjustments Programme.
• The cause of the agricultural downfall was not because of Economic Structural Adjustment Programme only but because of natural disasters such as drought.
• The challenges of development that Zimbabwe faced was not because of Economic Structural Adjustments Programme only but the bad governance of the country also played a role.
• The government of Zimbabwe implemented all the rules that came with Economic Structural Adjustment Programme but they didn't achieve their dream of economic reform.
• The only achievement that Economic Structural Adjustment Programme was able to meet was liberalizing the economy of Zimbabwe.
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• Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes played a role in the downfall of Zimbabwe's economy and the social challenges that the country faced.
• The adoption of Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes in Zimbabwe made life expensive for the inhabitants of the country.
• After the adoption of Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes the inhabitants were unable to acquire their basic needs like food, education and health.
• The government of Zimbabwe invested more in education and health and this was to balance the scale between the rich and the poor, but their plan failed because of lack of funds, as government subsidies were cut after the implementation of ESAP.
Chapter Four: Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion
The African continent has been a play ground where colonial masters have played especially with their economic institutions. Firstly they came with their ships and mirrors then they fought with the African inhabitants to be their slaves. When slavery started to tear up the whole of Africa all the African countries stood against it.
Zimbabwe is one of the African countries that fought against slavery and won against their colonial masters who called the country Rhodesia. After their freedom from their colonial masters they were considered as the bread basket of Africa not knowing that one day the country would be worse than other African countries that were not rich as Zimbabwe. The decade of independence in the Zimbabwean country was also a decade of terror; for example the country was hit by a high rate of unemployment and the gap between the poor and the rich became wider.
The adoption of the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme in Zimbabwe was after the country decided to reform their economy and this was one of the programmes that they opted for in order to make their notion an achievable one.
Nonetheless ESAPs in Zimbabwe did not bring the Zimbabwean dream which was economic reform; rather it made matters worse.
The gap between the rich and poor widen and social sectors such as education and health were also hurt. Matters became worse for the citizens of the country as most of them could not even afford their basic daily needs. ESAPs now known as SAP should not only focus on economic development but should also make human development a key objective in their policies. Economic development does not necessarily mean there will human development.
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PageRecommendations:
• The government of Zimbabwe should have allowed the programme of structural adjustment to operate on its policies and rules.
• The government should have never interfered with the programme so that the programme operated smoothly without any government interference.
• The country of Zimbabwe should have addressed the policies that were inherited from the colonial masters before they opted for Structural Adjustments policies.
• There polices of structural adjustment programmes should have been adjusted because they also played a huge role in the downfall of Zimbabwe.
• Zimbabwe should opt for another economic reform programme from other institutions besides the ones they borrowed in the 1990s.
• The country should have implemented all the policies that came with the economic reform and also made sure that there is sustainability in their country, and secondly they should not have interfered much with the economic reform programme thatthey opted for, for example the export processing zones (EPZs) that were implemented by ESAP from the beginning of the program should have been left alone to operate accordingly.
• The only way that Zimbabwe will come out of the misery they are in is to fully adopt another structural adjustment programme and abide by it until it is sustainable; after they are economically sustainable it is then that they can start to implement their own policies.
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