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FIELD QUESTIONNAIRE

My name is Sithabile Hlahla. I am currently studying for a MSc in Applied Environmental Science at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. I am carrying out a study to find out how women from urban/peri-urban areas in South Africa are participating in environmental management and in the overall African green economy. The information will be treated as confidential and your participation in my research is greatly appreciated.

Do you consent to participate?  Yes  No BACKGROUND INFORMATION

1. Area………..

2. House number/ GPS co-ordinates:

Longitude………..Latitude……….

3. Age (years)  16-20  21-25  26-30  31-35  36-40 (Please tick)  41-45  46-50  > 50

4. Level of education:

5. Marital status:

A. Never married B. Married C. Widowed D. Divorced E. Living together but not married……….

6. If married, do you live with your spouse?  Yes  No 7. Do you have children?  Yes  No

8. How many dependents do you have?...

9. What are the sources of income in your household?

10. For how many years have you lived in the area………..

11. Where did you live before?...

LEVEL YES NO If yes, did you

complete it?

Primary Secondary

Higher education

12. Why did you move to this area?

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS

13. What is your understanding of the term ‘environment’?

14. Do you think the environment in trouble?  Yes  No 15. If yes, elaborate.

16. Which of the following activities do you think can lead to environmental degradation/

pollution? Please tick ()

ACTIVITY YES NO I DON’T

KNOW

If yes, how?

Deforestation

Cooking with gas, fire or paraffin

Improper waste disposal (litter)

Over-use of electricity Water scarcity

Veld fires

Vehicles e.g public transport

Agriculture: domestic animals

Industry Mining

Population growth

17. Do any of the following environmental problems exist in your area? If yes, how serious are they? (SEE TABLE BELOW)

18. If yes, who do you feel is most responsible for the environmental problems? 1 = Industry 2 = Government 3 =Community 4= I do not know (SEE TABLE BELOW)

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM

YES NO IF YES, HOW SERIOUS?

IF YES,WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?

Very |Moderately Not

Deforestation 1 2 3 4

Air pollution 1 2 3 4

Solid waste pollution/

Improper waste disposal (litter)

1 2 3 4

Water pollution 1 2 3 4

Over-usage of electricity 1 2 3 4

Veld fires 1 2 3 4

19. Are you concerned about the environmental pollution and degradation in your area?

Very concerned Mildly concerned Not concerned

20. Do you feel that these problems are harmful to you and your physical wellbeing/ health?

 Yes  Maybe  No  I haven’t thought about it 21. If yes, how?

22. Who do you feel should be responsible for solving the following environmental problems and why? You can indicate more than one answer.

1=Government 2= Environmental NGOs 3= Industry 4= Community 5= I do not know

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM

WHO IS

RESPONSIBLE?

WHY?

Deforestation

Air pollution

Solid waste pollution/

Improper waste disposal (litter)

Water pollution

Over-use of electricity

Veld fires

23. Is the local government (municipality) taking any action to clean the area or prevent environmental pollution and degradation?

 Yes  No  I don’t know If yes, go to question 24

If no, go to question 26

24. If yes, are they doing enough?  Yes  No

25. If no, what else can they do?

26. If government is not taking any action to clean the environment, what do you think they should do?

27. Before Wildlands Conservation Trust started working in the area, were you doing anything to prevent environmental degradation and clean the environment?

 Yes  No

28. If yes, indicate which ones? (Please put a X)

29. When you shop- what determines your purchase of an item and how important is it?

1- Very important 2= Moderately Important 3= Not important

FACTOR LEVEL OF IMPORTANCE

Price

Quantity of Product Quality of product

Environmental friendliness Availability

ACTIVITY YES NO

Did not litter

Turned off electricity when not using it e.g lights Recycled cans, papers and bottles

Avoided deforestation

Avoided the burning of waste Used water sparingly

Did not cook with fire, gas or paraffin Did not purchase plastic bags from stores Swept the environment. sweeping

Cleaned the environment e.g. picking up litter Promoted environmentally friendly behaviour by encouraging community members to care for the environment

30. If your consumer choices resulted in a reduction in environmental pollution, would you purchase the more, expensive, environmentally friendly goods?

 Yes  No  Not sure

31. Do you agree that environmental pollution will affect the quality of life/well-being of your children and grandchildren in the future?

 Yes  No  Not sure  I have never thought about it 32. If yes, how?

33. Do you feel that you, as a woman, are important for environmental management/protection in South Africa.

 Yes  No 34. Explain your answer.

35. Have you had any form of environmental education?

 Yes  No

If yes, proceed to question 36 If no, proceed to question 38 36. If yes, how much?

 A lot  A moderate amount  A little

37. If yes, who educated you?...

38. Would you like to learn more about the environment?

 Yes  No  Not sure

39. Besides environmental issues, what other problems exist in your area? List them in order of importance, starting with the most important. Include environmental problems in the list.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

PARTICIPATION IN GREEN ECONOMY

Wildlands Conservation Trust is an environmental Non-Governmental Organization in South Africa that has launched ‘green-preneurship’ activities in different communities to help alleviate poverty while preventing further environmental degradation. Their aim is to promote an African Green Economy.

40. What does ‘green-preneurship’ mean to you?

41. Wildlands launched activities aimed at unlocking the ‘green-preneurship’ potential of the impoverished and unemployed. Which activities do you participate in and when in which year did you start participating? Refer to table on next page

Please tick ()

YES NO IF NO, WHY? START

DATE (YR) Food

preneurship Tree

preneurship Waste preneurship

42. What is the main reason behind your participation in these activities?

Financial reasons Environmental reasons  Aesthetics Others, specify

43. Are there some Wildlands’ activities you want to participate in but haven’t been able to?

Yes No

44. If yes, which ones and why?

45. Do you face any challenges in carrying out the ‘green-preneurship’ activities?

Yes No

46. If yes, what kinds of challenges?

47. In launching such activities, Wildlands hoped to alleviate poverty through job creation and simultaneously prevent environmental degradation. From your experience in the program, do you feel that Wildlands has achieved these goals?

Environmental Goals?  Yes  No 48. Explain your answer.

49. Poverty alleviation goals?  Yes  No

50. Explain your answer.

51. Do you think recycling is important?  Yes  No 52. If yes, why?

53. Do you think it is important to plant trees?  Yes  No 54. If yes, why?

55. On average, how much do you earn monthly from these initiatives? ………..

56. Is the income you get from green-preneurship activities a major source of income in your household?  Yes  No

57. What have you done with the income from these projects?

58. Have the green-preneurship activities changed your role in the household?  Yes

 No 59. If yes, how?

60. Have you noticed a change in your environment since the program began?

 Yes  No 61. If yes, explain.

62. Are there some people who want to join the program but have not been able to?

 Yes  No 63. If yes, why?

64. Has anyone quit the program?  Yes  No 65. If yes, why?

66. Do you see yourself participating in the project for the foreseeable future? (e.g in 10yrs time?)

 Yes  No 67. Why?

68. Why is the project important to you?

69. What changes would you like to see in the project? Do you have any ideas to add to the green-preneurship program?

70. Is your understanding of the environment and environmental issues different from before Wildlands came to work in the area?  Yes  No

71. If yes, explain.

72. Do you engage with officials from Wildlands Conservation Trust? Do you have regular meetings to discuss environmental issues?  Yes  No

73. If yes, how often?...

74. Do you find the meetings helpful? Do you learn anything about the environment?

 Yes  No

75. Are you sharing environmental knowledge with your children and those around you?

 Yes  No

Thank-you for participating in this survey.

COMMENTS FROM ENUMERATORS