RECOMMENDATIONS AND FINAL COMMENTS - POST GCABA, APPLYING ADMINISTRATIVE LAW TO LABOUR CASES

CHAPTER 4: POST GCABA, APPLYING ADMINISTRATIVE LAW TO LABOUR CASES

5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS AND FINAL COMMENTS

Cameron JA’s views expressed along with those of other esteemed judges and the academic arguments set out throughout this research indicate that public sector employees may enjoy protection under the LRA structure, while also enjoying protection under section 33 and PAJA along with the principle of legality, which emanates out of section 1(c) of the Constitution.

Interestingly, it has further been established that decisions made by public employers do not necessary have to be challenged solely by the employee. Where the decision is challenged on behalf of the public interest, rather than advancing employment rights by the employee, the exercise of public powers within labour cases could also be challenged under administrative law. The risk with this route is that employees’ interest would arguably not be advanced but rather the public interests. Employers would further be unable to hide behind the general rule and by preventing administrative law being applied to employment decisions.

Although PAJA and the principle of legality are open to a litigant, it is recommended that public sector employees should approach the route provided under the LRA because of its unique specialised structures providing favourable relief.

The purpose of this dissertation was not to identify possible legislative reform. If the legislatures intention should change in favour of only labour reform, it is recommended that the legislature amends PAJA by including the words ‘public sector employee’ under the exclusions section. The effect would be that decisions relating to public sector employees would no longer qualify as ‘administrative’ for the purposes of section 33 of the Constitution and PAJA.

BIBLIOGRAPHY ANNUAL SURVEYS

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Brand D & Murcott M ‘Administrative Law’ 2013 AS 61-90 Brand D & Murcott M ‘Administrative Law’ 2013 (2) JQR 1-13 Brand D & Murcott M ‘Administrative Law’ 2014 AS 46-74 Brand D & Murcott M ‘Administrative Law’ 2014 (2) JQR 4

Brand D, Murcott M & Van der Westhuizen W ‘Administrative Law’ 2016 (1) JQR 2-3 G

Grogan J ‘Labour Law’ 2014 AS 665-666 Grogan J ‘Labour Law’ 2016 (1) JQR 21-22 Grogan J ‘Labour Law’ 2016 (2) JQR 15-16 M

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BOOKS

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Hoexter C Administrative Law in South Africa 2ed (2012) JUTA Q

Quinot G Administrative Law Cases & Materials (2012) JUTA

Quinot G (ed) Administrative Justice in South Africa: An Introduction (2015) Oxford

CASE LAW

Aberdeen Senior Secondary School v MEC for Department of Education, Eastern Cape Province and Others (2011) 32 ILJ 871 (ECB)

Administrator, Transvaal v Zenzile 1991 (1) SA 21 (A)

Albutt v Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation and Others 2010 (3) SA 293 (CC)

Bato Star Fishing (Pty) Ltd v Minister of Environmental affairs 2004 (4) SA 490 (CC) Besani v Maquassi Hills Local Municipality (2016) 37 ILJ 1386 (LC)

Botha v Matjhabeng Municipality (A78/2009) [2010] ZAFSHC 18 (18 February 2010 Unreported available at: http://www.saflii.org/cgi-

bin/disp.pl?file=za/cases/ZAFSHC/2010/18.html&query=botha%20v%20matjhabeng) C

Cape Metro v MIS 2001 (3) SA 1013 (SCA)

Carephone (Pty) Ltd v Marcus NO and others (1998) 19 ILJ 1425 (LAC) Chirwa v Transnet Ltd 2008 (4) SA 367 (CC)

Dawnlaan Beleggings (Edms) Bpk v Johannesburg Stock Exchange 1983 (3) SA 344

De Lange v Presiding Bishop, Methodist Church of Southern Africa and Another 2015 (1) SA 106 (SCA)

De Lange v Presiding Bishop, Methodist Church of Southern Africa and Another 2016 (2) SA 1 (CC)

Denel (Pty) Ltd v Vorster 2004 (4) SA 481 (SCA)

De Villiers v Head of Department: Education Western Cape (2010) 31 ILJ 1377 (LC) F

Fedlife Assurance Limited v Wolfaardt 2002 (1) SA 49 (SCA)

Fedsure Life Assurance Ltd v Greater Johannesburg Transitional Metropolitan Council 1999 (1) SA 374 (CC)

Fredericks and others v MEC for Education and Training, Eastern Cape and others 2002 (2) SA 693 (CC)

Freedom Under Law v National Director of Public Prosecutions and Others 2014 (1) SA 254 (GNP)

Gcaba v Minister for Safety and Security 2010 (1) SA 238 (CC)

Greys Marine Hout Bay (Pty) Ltd and Others v Minister of Public Works and Others 2005 (6) SA 313 (SCA)

Grootboom v NPA and another (2010) 9 BLLR 949 (LC) Grootboom v NPA and another (2014) 35 ILJ 121 (CC) H

Hendricks v Overstrand Municipality and Another (2015) 36 ILJ 163 (LAC) Hulane and Another v Msunduzi Municipality 2012 (3) SA 121 (KZP) J

Joseph and Others v City of Johannesburg and Others 2010 (4) SA 25 (CC)

Judicial Service Commission and Another v Cape Bar Council and Another 2013 (1) SA 170 (SCA)

Khulong v Minister of Health and Others (59211/2009) [2013] ZAGPPHC 97 (11 April 2013 Unreported available at:http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZAGPPHC/2013/97.html)

Khumalo and Another v Member of the Executive Council for Education: Kwazulu-Natal (2014) 35 ILJ 613 (CC)

Letele v The MEC, Free State Provincial Government, Department of Education [2013]

ZAFSHC 144 (29 August 2013) Unreported available at http://www.saflii.org.za/za/cases/ZAFSHC/2013/144.html)

Logbro Properties CC v Bedderson NO 2003 1 All SA 424 (SCA) M

Majake v Commission for Gender Equality 2010 (1) SA 87 (GSJ)

Makambi v MEC, Department of Education, Eastern Cape 2008 (5) SA 449 (SCA) Makhanya v University of Zululand 2010 (1) SA 62 (SCA)

Mbatha v University of Zululand (2014) ILJ 349 (CC).

MEC for Education, KwaZulu Natal and Others v Pillay 2008 (1) SA 474 (CC)

MEC for the Department of Health, Western Cape v Weder, In Re: MEC for the Department of Health, Western Cape v Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa obo Mangena (2014) 35 ILJ 2131 (LAC)

Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism v George and Others [2006] SCA 57 (RSA) Minister of Health v New Clicks SA (Pty) Ltd 2006 (2) SA 311 (CC)

Mkumatela v Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality and Another 2010 (4) BCLR 347 (SCA)

Mogola and Another v Head of Department: Education N.O. (2012) 6 BLLR 584 (LC) My Vote Counts NPC v Speaker of the National Assembly and Others 2016 (1) SA 132 (CC) N

Nakin v MEC, Department of Education, Eastern Cape (2008) 29 ILJ 1426 (E)

National Director of Public Prosecutions and Others v Freedom Under Law 2014 (4) SA 298 (SCA)

Ngutshane v Arivia Kom (Pty) Ltd t/a Arivia.Kom and Others (JA 59/09) [2010] ZALAC 36 (26 November 2010 Unreported available at: http://www.saflii.org/cgi-

bin/disp.pl?file=za/cases/ZALAC/2010/36.html&query=Ngutshane) Ntshangase v MEC for Finance, KwaZulu-Natal 2010 (3) SA 201 (SCA) P

Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association of SA v President of the RSA 2000 (2) SA 674 (CC)

Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union v Minister of Correctional Services and Others 2006 (3) SA 129 (E)

President of the Republic of South Africa and Others v South African Rugby Football Union and Others 1999 (10) BCLR 1059 (CC)

Provincial Commissioner, Gauteng South African Police Services v Mnguni (2013) 34 ILJ 1107 (SCA)

Public Servants Association of SA obo Van Der Walt v Minister of Public Enterprises and Another (2010) 31 ILJ 420 (LC)

Public Servants Association of South Africa and Another v Minister of Labour and Another (2016) 37 ILJ 185 (LC).

Sidumo v Rustenburg platinum Mines Ltd 2008 (2) SA 24 (CC)

Sewsunker v Durban University of Technology [2013] ZAKZDHC 47 unreported (16 September 2013) available at http://www.saflii.org.za/za/cases/ZAKZDHC/2013/47.html Solidarity and another v The Public Health and Welfare Sectoral Bargaining Council and others (2014) 35 ILJ 2105 (SCA)

South African National Defence Union v Minister of Defence and Others 2007 (8) BCLR 863 (CC)

South African Police Union v National Commissioner of the South African Police Service (2005) 26 ILJ 2403 (LC)

Tlali v Mantsopa Local Municipality (A78/11) [2011] ZAFSHC 195 (1 December 2011 Unreported available at: http://www.saflii.org/cgi-

bin/disp.pl?file=za/cases/ZAFSHC/2011/195.html&query=tlali) Transnet Ltd v Chirwa 2007 (2) SA 198 (SCA)

United National Public Service Association of South Africa v Digomo NO and Others (2005) 26 ILJ 1957 (SCA).

Viking Pony Africa Pumps (Pty) Ltd t/a Tricom Africa v Hidro-Tech Systems (Pty) Ltd and Another 2011 (1) SA 372 (CC)

Weder v MEC for The Department of Health, Western Cape (2013) ILJ 1315 (LC)

Wessels v Minister for Justice and Constitutional Development and Others 2010 (1) SA 128 (GNP)

INTERNET

PAJA Newsletter Special Issue: The Application of Employment Law Disputes

http://www.justice.gov.za/paja/docs/newsletters/Newsletter%20special%20issue_Labour%20 Law%20Sep%2007.pdf [Date of use 11 April 2016]

ACADEMIC JOURNALS

Brassey M ‘Back off But Back Up! Administrative Law Rightly Yields to Labour Law’

(2009) 2 Constitutional Court Review 209.

Cheadle H ‘Deconstructing Chirwa v Transnet’ (2009) 30 Industrial Law Journal 741.

Cohen T ‘Jurisdiction over employment disputes- light at the end of the tunnel?’ (2010) SA MERC LJ 417.

Du Plessis M & Scott S ‘The variable standard of rationality review: Suggestions for improved legality jurisprudence’ (2013) South African Law Journal 597-620.

Grogan J ‘Pandora’s Box: The Con Court’s take on Chirwa’ (2009) Employment Law Journal 4 8.

Grogan J ‘Schizophrenic Courts Does Fredericks Hold, or Chirwa?’ 2008(24)(4) Employment Law Journal 11-19.

Henrico R ‘Re-visiting the rule of law and the principle of legality: Judicial nuisance or Licence?’ (2014) Tydskrif vir die Suid Afrikaanse Reg 742-758.

Hoexter C ‘Clearing the Intersection? Administrative Law and Labour Law in the Constitutional Court.’ (2008) 1 Constitutional Court Review 209-234.

Hoexter C ‘From Chirwa to Gcaba: An Administrative Lawyer’s View’ in M Kidd & S Hoctor (eds) Stella Iuris: Celebrating 100 Years of Teaching Law in Pietermaritzburg 2010 47 at 47-60.

Mupangavanhu Y & Mupangavanhu BM ‘Gcaba v The Minister For Safety and Security:

Concurrent Jurisdiction now settled law? [Discussion of Gcaba v Minister For Safety and Security 2010 (1) SA 238 (CC)]’ (2012) 1 STELL LR.

Ngcukaitobi T and Brickhill J ‘A Difficult Boundary: Public Sector Employment and Administrative Law’ 2007(28)(4) ILJ 769-792.

Ngcukaitobi T ‘Life After Chirwa: Is there Scope for Harmony Between Public Sector Labour Law and Administrative Law?’ 2008(2) ILJ 841-862.

Pfaff R & Schneider H ‘The Promotion of Administrative Justice Act from a German Perspective’ (2001) 17 South African Journal on Human Rights 59 at 70ff.

Stacey R ‘Administrative law in public- sector employment relationships’ (2008) 125 South African Law Journal 307-315.

Van Eck S & Jordaan-Parkin R ‘Administrative, Labour and Constitutional Law – A Jurisdictional Labyrinth’ (2006) 27 Industrial Law Journal 1987.

Van Eck S ‘Labour Dispute Resolution in the Public Service: The Mystifying Complexity Continues. Transnet Ltd & others v Chirwa’ (2006) 27 Industrial Law Journal 2294 (SCA).

Van Rensburg J ‘Don’t belabour the new administrative justice legislation’ (2001) JBL 63.

LEGISLATION

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996

Dalam dokumen Judicial recourse by public sector employees : applying administrative law to labour cases. (Halaman 166-174)