9. Money for upkeep on campus: 1 for “Not enough”, 2 for “Just enough”, 3 for
5.15 Sexual activities and perception of risky sexual behaviours Research question 1.7.4
Table 5.22 c: Cross tabulation of sexual activities on perception of preventive strategies (ALL)
Variable Perceptions of preventive strategies against HIV infection
Count 2 df Asymp. Sig (2-
sided)
Low Medium High
When did you have sex for the first time? 19.811 10 .031
No response Elementary school High School
First year in University After year in University Never had sex
0 2 9 4 0 14
2 14 61 16 13 18
16 136 556 195 133 257
How many sexual partners since first experience 18.925 10 .041
No response None 1.00 2.00 3.00 More than 3
0 14 5 6 0 4
1 22 40 22 10 30
13 263 424 199 124 273
What is your sexual orientation? 49.520 8 .000
Heterosexual Homosexual Bisexual Celibate
2 22 0 2 4
0 106 4 5 5
3 1146 14 23 75
Do you know the HIV status of your partner(s)? 13.413 6 .037
No response Yes for all of them Yes for some of them No for all of them
2 6 2 12
7 33 15 45
131 370 212 332
When do you best enjoy having sex with your partner(s)? 23.988 8 .002
No response When I am relaxed After an all-night party After a good alcoholic After a shot of drug
3 14 1 1 0
3 78 14 15 4
99 947 64 82 20
Who of the following would you have sex with for money or a favour? 42.323 14 .000 No response
A business man A lecturer
A senator/Minister/Commissioner A banker
A brilliant course mate All of the above None of the above
0 0 1 0 0 2 0 23
0 7 8 3 1 8 19 72
16 41 31 51 26 83 67 974
5.15 Sexual activities and perception of risky sexual behaviours
Research hypothesis 4
Ho: There is no relationship between the students’ sexual activities and their perception of risky sexual behaviour.
5.15.1 Perception of risky sexual behaviour
To address these problems we carried out cross tabulations of each item on sexual activities against the risk assessment of respondents (Section F). The results are presented in Tables 23 a-c.
Significant statistical relationships are observed for UNAD in the following: ‘When did you have sex for the first time?’, ‘How many sexual partners since first experience’, ‘Do you know your own HIV status?’, ‘How often did you use condom in the last three months?’, ‘When do you best enjoy having sex with your partner(s)?’, ‘Who of the following would you have sex with for money or a favour?’. Five of these variables exhibit statistical significance, excluding ‘Do you know your own HIV status?’ for both UNIZULU and ALL. Consequently the null hypothesis is rejected and the six variables could be considered to have significant relationship with perception of risky sexual behaviour.
Results from One-way ANOVA gave essentially the same set of variables as Chi-square tests except that UNIZULU has an additional variable that exhibited statistically significant relationship: ‘Do you discuss HIV with your partners before having sex?’ (F-ratio = 3.455, df = 2, Sig. = 0.032). This result reinforces the conclusions reached with cross tabulation data.
Table 23 a: Cross tabulation of sexual activities (Section B) against risk assessment of students (Section F) UNAD
Variable Risk assessment of students
Count 2 df Asymp. Sig
(2-sided)
Low Medium High
When did you have sex for the first time? 38.669 10 .000
No response Elementary school High School
First year in University After year in University Never had sex
1 0 1 1 1 3
3 50 75 52 31 31
3 36 104 65 49 94
How many sexual partners since first experience 38.918 10 .000
No response None 1.00 2.00 3.00 More than 3
1 3 1 0 1 1
5 30 65 52 30 60
4 90 119 53 31 51
Do you know your own HIV status 9.716 4 .045
No response Yes No
1 4 3
5 143 91
3 230 118
How often did you use condom in the last three months? 19.551 6 .003 No response
Always Sometimes Not at all
1 2 0 2
11 89 88 44
19 124 86 107
When do you best enjoy having sex with your partner(s)? 28.064 8 .000 No response
When I am relaxed After an all-night party After a good alcoholic After a shot of drug
1 2 1 0 0
20 141 23 42 9
38 245 14 28 5
Who of the following would you have sex with for money or a favour? 64.793 14 .000 No response
A business man A lecturer
A senator/Minister/Commissioner A banker
A brilliant course mate All of the above None of the above
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
3 12 10 24 11 19 33 128
7 3 8 20 10 31 18 255
Table 5.23 b: Cross tabulation of sexual activities (Section B) against risk assessment of students (Section F) UNIZULU
Variable Risk assessment of students
Count 2 df Asymp. Sig
(2-sided)
Low Medium High
When did you have sex for the first time? 32.310 10 .000
No response Elementary school High School
First year in University After year in University Never had sex
0 2 6 3 0 1
2 33 141 22 8 46
9 31 299 72 57 114
How many sexual partners since first experience 21.827 10 .016
No response None 1.00 2.00 3.00 More than 3
0 1 7 2 1 2
1 43 76 31 21 82
3 132 201 89 50 111
How often did you use condom in the last three months? 15.228 6 .019 No response
Always Sometimes Not at all
0 5 3 5
10 85 87 50
27 252 136 134
When do you best enjoy having sex with your partner(s)? 35.806 8 .000 No response
When I am relaxed After an all-night party After a good alcoholic After a shot of drug
0 10 1 1 1
13 178 19 19 5
33 463 21 8 4
Who of the following would you have sex with for money or a favour? 62.935 14 .000 No response
A business man A lecturer
A senator/Minister/Commissioner A banker
A brilliant course mate All of the above None of the above
0 2 0 1 0 0 1 5
0 5 13 3 2 22 22 181
4 26 9 6 4 21 12 495
Table 5.23 c: Cross tabulation of sexual activities (Section B) against risk assessment of students (Section F) ALL
Variable Risk assessment of students
Count 2 df Asymp. Sig
(2-sided)
Low Medium High
When did you have sex for the first time? 43.420 10 .000
No response Elementary school High School
First year in University After year in University Never had sex
1 2 7 4 1 4
5 83 216 74 39 77
12 67 403 137 106 208
How many sexual partners since first experience 42.448 10 .000
No response None 1.00 2.00 3.00 More than 3
1 4 8 2 2 3
6 73 141 83 51 142
7 222 320 142 81 162
How often did you use condom in the last three months? 27.065 6 .000 No response
Always Sometimes Not at all
1 7 3 7
21 174 175 94
46 376 222 241
When do you best enjoy having sex with your partner(s)? 62.641 8 .000 No response
When I am relaxed After an all-night party After a good alcoholic After a shot of drug
1 12 2 1 1
33 319 42 61 14
71 708 35 36 9
Who of the following would you have sex with for money or a favour? 95.766 14 .000 No response
A business man A lecturer
A senator/Minister/Commissioner A banker
A brilliant course mate All of the above None of the above
2 2 0 1 0 0 1 10
3 17 23 27 13 41 55 309
11 29 17 26 14 52 30 750
5.16 Factors that drive sexual activities in the two universities