SE-CCC
4.8 Supplementary information
Photosynthesis- and carbohydrate metabolism related ESTs selected for expression analysis. EST identity was established by sequence homology searches with known gene sequences in the National Centre of Biotechnological Information (NCBI) GenBank database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). The Expect (E) value is the statistical indicator of the significance of the match between query and database sequence. Gene categories are classified below.
General classification of gene product function
Gene category
Number of genes under analysis
Cell Wall Biosynthesis A 9
Sugar Sensing and Signaling B 12
Carbon (Starch) Metabolism C 5
Sucrose Metabolism D 23
Glycolysis E 20
Triose-phosphate metabolism F 13
Photosynthesis G 16
Mitochondrial metabolism H 13
Sugar Transport I 17
Putative Identity EC No. Accession
No. Gene
Category Source E Value Protein Definition Aconitate hydratase 4.2.1.3 AU161681 H Oryza sativa 9.00E-22 Aconitase A [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
ADP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase 2.7.7.33 AU172987 C Oryza sativa 4.00E-05 ADP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
ADP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase 2.7.7.27 AU174515 C Oryza sativa 1.00E-20 ADP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.1 AU091741 E Oryza sativa 5.00E-52 alcohol dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.1 AU161221 E Oryza sativa 6.00E-26 alcohol dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.1 AU093048 E Oryza sativa 8.00E-12 alcohol dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.1 AA269289 E Saccharum
officinarum 1.00E-37 alcohol dehydrogenase [Saccharum officinarum]
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.1 CN149616 E Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-86 alcohol dehydrogenases [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Aldolase 4.1.2.13 AU092513 F Oryza sativa 2.00E-41 aldolase C-1 [Oryza sativa]
Aldolase 4.1.2.13 not
published F Saccharum
officinarum n/a n/a
ATP/ADP transporter 2.7.1.40 AU057209 I Oryza sativa 3.00E-81 putative plastidic ATP/ADP transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Beta glycanase 3.1.2.6 BM330896 A Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-52 glucan endo-1,3-beta- glucosidase [Zea mays]
Cellulase 3.2.1.4 CD230179 A Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-36 cellulase [Sorghum bicolor]
Cellulose synthase 2.4.1.12 AI216932 A Saccharum
officinarum 5.00E-52 cellulose synthase [Zea mays].
Cellulose Synthase 2.4.1..12 CN147740 A Sorghum
bicolor 0.14 cellulose synthase [Sorghum bicolor]
Chlorophyll a/b binding
protein 3.6.3.52 CN148954 G Sorghum
bicolor 5.00E-138 chlorophyll a-b binding protein [Zea mays]
Chlorophyll a/b binding
protein 3.6.3.52 CN136692 G Sorghum
bicolor 6.00E-138 chlorophyll a-b binding protein [Zea mays]
Citrate Lyase 4.1.3.6 AU093499 H Oryza sativa 3.00E-42 ATP citrate-lyase beta [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Citrate synthase 2.3.3.1 C25436 H Oryza sativa 1.00E-37 Citrate synthase, glyoxysomal precursor (GCS) [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Citrate synthase 2.3.3.1 BE363510 H Sorghum
bicolor 7.00E-66 citrate synthase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Enolase 4.2.1.11 AA080586 F Saccharum
officinarum 2.00E-52 Enolase 2 (2-phosphoglycerate dehydratase 2) [Zea mays]
Enolase 4.2.1.11 AA080586 F Saccharum
officinarum 2.00E-52 enolase (2-phosphoglycerate dehydratase) [Zea mays]
Enolase 4.2.1.11 CN130620 F Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-147 enolase [Zea mays]
Enolase 4.2.1.11 AU085839 F Oryza sativa 1.20E+00 enolase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Enolase 4.2.1.11 AU063290 F Oryza sativa 2.00E-51 enolase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Fructokinase 2.7.1.4 CN140006 B Sorghum
bicolor 8.00E-99 fructokinase 2 [Zea mays]
Fructose
bisphosphatase 3.1.3.11 AU095636 C Oryza sativa 6.00E-85 sedoheptulose-1,7- bisphosphatase precursor [Oryza sativa (indica cultivar- group)]
Fructose
bisphosphatase 3.1.3.11 J04197 C Rattus
norvegicus 0.0 6-phosphofructo-2- kinase/fructose-2,6- biphosphatase 1 [Rattus norvegicus]
Fructose
bisphosphatase 3.1.3.11 BG159258 C Sorghum
bicolor 6.00E-77 fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Fructose bisphosphate
aldolase 4.1.2.13 AW745533 F Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-31 Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Glucokinase 2.7.1.1 CD427137 B Sorghum
bicolor 1.60E-01 glycosyl hydrolase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Glucose phosphate
adenyltransferase 2.7.7.27 CN133916 A Sorghum
bicolor 7.00E-65 Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase [Triticum aestivum]
Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase
1.2.1.12 AU085851 F Oryza sativa 2.00E-104 NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase
1.2.1.12 PQ0178 F Saccharum
officinarum 1.00E-05 glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase [Zea mays]
Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase
1.2.1.12 BG947834 F Sorghum
bicolor 7.00E-86 NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Hexokinase 2.7.1.1 AU057562 B Oryza sativa 3.00E-55 hexokinase 1 [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Hexokinase 2.7.1.1 AW286992 B Sorghum
bicolor 8.00E-36 hexokinase [Zea mays]
Hexose phosphate
isomerase 5.3.1.9 AU174802 E Oryza sativa 4.00E-51 Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 CD425062 D Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-41 cell wall invertase [Sorghum bicolor]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 CD211376 D Sorghum
bicolor 0.14 beta-fructofuranosidase [Sorghum bicolor]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 CD230086 D Sorghum
bicolor 0.074 vacuolar acid invertase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 BG933362 D Sorghum
bicolor 1.2 soluble acid invertase [Saccharum robustum]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 CN149463 D Sorghum
bicolor 0.63 acid beta-fructofuranosidase [Sorghum bicolor]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 AU063804 D Oryza sativa 5.00E-47 apoplastic invertase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 AU058270 D Oryza sativa 2.00E-72 cell wall invertase 1 [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 D46056 D Oryza sativa 5.00E-06 soluble acid invertase mRNA, partial cds [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Invertase 3.2.1.26 AU056057 D Oryza sativa 9.00E-74 cell wall invertase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Malate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.82 AU093809 H Oryza sativa 8.00E-65 malate dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Malate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.82 AU093830 H Oryza sativa 2.00E-60 cytosolic malate dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Malate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.38 AU091557 H Oryza sativa 1.00E-64 cytosolic malate dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Mitogen-activated
protein kinase 2.7.1.37 BM322441 B Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-75 Mitogen-activated protein kinase [Zea mays]
Mitogen-activated
protein kinase 2.7.1.37 BF588090 B Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-96 mitogen-activated protein kinase [Triticum aestivum]
Mitogen-activated
protein kinase 2.7.1.37 CN132740 B Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-104 mitogen-activated protein kinase [Triticum aestivum]
NADP-dependent malic
enzyme 1.1.1.40 CN136258 G Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-141 NADP-dependent malic enzyme [Sorghum bicolor]
NADP-dependent malic
enzyme 1.1.1.40 CN146318 G Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-128 NADP-dependent malic enzyme [Sorghum bicolor]
Neomycin
phosphotransferase n/a U43611 - - 3.00E-159 neomycin resistance protein
[synthetic construct]
Neutral invertase 3.2.1.26 not
published D Saccharum
officinarum n/a n/a Neutral invertase 3.2.1.26 AJ003114 D Lolium
perenne 0.0 neutral/alkaline invertase [Lolium perenne]
Phenolenolpyruvate
carboxylase 4.1.1.31 AU095289 G Oryza sativa 5.00E-19 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase 4 [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Phenolenolpyruvate
carboxylase 4.1.1.31 AU174895 G Oryza sativa 3.00E-67 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Phenolenolpyruvate
carboxylase 4.1.1.31 AU088696 G Oryza sativa 1.30E-01 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Phenolenolpyruvate
carboxylase 4.1.1.31 CD211795 G Sorghum
bicolor 4.00E-101 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase [Saccharum spp.]
Phenolenolpyruvate
carboxylase 4.1.1.31 BG158755 G Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-57 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Phosphofructokinase 2.7.1.11 D40756 E Oryza sativa 5.00E-51 putative diphosphate-fructose-6- phosphate 1-
phosphotransferase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Phosphofructokinase 2.7.1.11 AU057478 E Oryza sativa 2.00E-74 putative pyrophosphate- dependent phosphofructo-1- kinase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Phosphofructokinase 2.7.1.11 J04197 E Rattus
norvegicus 0.0 6-phosphofructo-2- kinase/fructose-2,6- biphosphatase 1 [Rattus norvegicus]
Phosphoglucokinase 2.7.1.10 AU070573 E Oryza sativa 5.00E-51 glucokinase [Escherichia coli CFT073]
Phosphoglucomutase 5.4.2.2 AU085880 E Oryza sativa 6.00E-57 phosphoglucomutase [Oryza sativa]
Phosphoglucomutase 5.4.2.2 AU091730 E Oryza sativa 1.00E-05 phosphoglucomutase [Oryza sativa]
Phosphoglucomutase 5.4.2.2 CN145013 E Sorghum
bicolor 6.00E-98 phosphoglucomutase [Zea mays]
psbA chloroplast
protein 3.6.3.52 CD212978 G Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-06 choroplastD1:SII Q binding protein (psbA) [Gagea pomeranica]
Pyrophosphate- dependent
phosphofructokinase
2.7.1.90 AU092378 E Oryza sativa 5.00E-84 Pyrophosphate_PFK [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Pyrophosphate-
dependent 2.7.1.90 AU092937 E Oryza sativa 2.00E-10 Pyrophosphate_PFK [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
phosphofructokinase Pyrophosphate- dependent
phosphofructokinase
2.7.1.90 U12337 E Giardia
lamblia 0.0 diphosphate-fructose-6- phosphate 1-
phosphotransferase [Giardia lamblia ATCC 50803]
Pyrophosphate- dependent
phosphofructokinase
2.7.1.90 M67447 E Propionibacter
ium 0.0 PFP [Propionibacterium
freudenreichii subsp.]
Pyrophosphate- dependent
phosphofructokinase
2.7.1.90 not
published E Saccharum
officinarum
Pyruvate carboxylase 6.4.1.1 C97133 H Oryza sativa 5.00E-43 Pyruvate carboxylase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Pyruvate
dehydrogenase 1.2.1.51 AA269174 H Saccharum
officinarum 3.00E-44 pyruvate dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Pyruvate kinase 2.7.1.40 AU092584 H Oryza sativa 7.00E-04 pyruvate kinase [Arabidopsis thaliana]
Pyruvate kinase 2.7.1.40 AU093283 H Oryza sativa 1.00E-76 cytosolic pyruvate kinase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase
2.7.9.1 CF071996 H Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-76 pyruvate phosphate dikinase [Sorghum bicolor]
Rubisco 4.1.1.39 AW678375 G Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-102 RuBisCO large subunit [Saccharum hybrid cultivar SP- 80-3280]
Rubisco 4.1.1.39 CN150664 G Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-85 RuBisCO small subunit [Saccharum sp.]
Rubisco 4.1.1.39 BG556089 G Sorghum
bicolor 7E-65 rubisco small subunit [Avena clauda]
Rubisco 4.1.1.39 BE593723 G Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-140 RuBisCO large subunit [Saccharum sp.]
Rubisco activase 6.3.4.- BM318446 G Sorghum
bicolor 7.00E-92 RuBisCO chloroplast precursor (RuBisCO activase) [Zea mays]
Rubisco transition
peptide n/a CN142383 G Sorghum
bicolor 6.00E-84 ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC) precursor [Zea mays]
Succinate
dehydrogenase 1.3.5.1 AU174356 H Oryza sativa 2.00E-34 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3 [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sucrose phosphate
phosphatase 3.1.3.24 AU095442 D Oryza sativa 1.00E-126 sucrose-phosphate phosphatase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sucrose phosphate
phosphatase 3.1.3.24 CD424766 D Sorghum
bicolor 0.32 sucrose-phosphatase [Medicago truncatula]
Sucrose phosphate
synthase 2.4.1.14 AU094286 D Oryza sativa 2.00E-51 sucrose phosphate synthase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.13 AA080610 D Saccharum
officinarum 2.00E-82 sucrose synthase 3 [Zea mays]
Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.13 AA080610 D Saccharum
officinarum 2.00E-82 sucrose synthase [Zea mays].
Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.13 AA080634 D Saccharum
officinarum 4.00E-29 sucrose synthase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sucrose synthase 2.7.1.40 CD235994 D Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-85 sucrose synthase-2 [Saccharum officinarum].
Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.13 AU094024 D Oryza sativa 5.00E-70 sucrose synthase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.13 AU175062 D Oryza sativa 8.00E-82 sucrose synthase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.13 AU173014 D Oryza sativa 2.00E-82 sucrose synthase 2 (Sucrose- UDP glucosyltransferase 2) [Zea mays]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 AU163425 I Oryza sativa 2.00E-53 sucrose transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 AU094600 I Oryza sativa 4.00E-45 monosaccharide transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 AU163471 I Oryza sativa 3.00E-47 monosaccharide transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 AU093407 I Oryza sativa 7.00E-87 putative alpha-glucosidase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 AU056954 I Oryza sativa 8.00E-44 monosaccharide transporter 3 [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 CD424204 I Sorghum
bicolor 5.00E-45 sucrose transporter [Zea mays]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 CD423751 I Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-130 putative plastidic ATP/ADP transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 CD204613 I Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-41 sugar transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 BG054361 I Sorghum
bicolor 6.00E-67 putative high pI alpha- glucosidase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 CD231617 I Sorghum
bicolor 8.00E-84 monosaccharide transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 AW680302 I Sorghum
bicolor 0.35 sucrose transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sugar transporter 3.2.1.26 BE597399 I Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-63 sugar transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Sugar transporter 2.7.1.40 CF482398 I Sorghum
bicolor 3.00E-04 sucrose transporter [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Trehalose phosphate
phosphatase 3.1.3.12 AU101936 B Oryza sativa 5.00E-64 trehalose phosphate phosphatase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Trehalose phosphate
phosphatase 3.1.3.12 AU166371 B Oryza sativa 3.00E-78 trehalose phosphate phosphatase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Trehalose phosphate
synthase 2.4.1.15 AU092582 B Oryza sativa 1.00E-19 trehalose-6-phosphate synthase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Trehalose phosphate
synthase 2.4.1.15 AF007778 B Saccharum
officinarum 3.00E-28 trehalose phosphate synthase [Arabidopsis thaliana]
Trehalose phosphate
synthase 2.4.1.15 BI643732 B Sorghum
bicolor 1.00E-105 putative trehalose-6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Triose phosphate
isomerase 5.3.1.1 AU164627 F Oryza sativa 5.00E-58 triosephosphate isomerase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
Triose phosphate
isomerase 5.3.1.1 AA577653 F Saccharum
officinarum 2.00E-27 triose phosphate-isomerase [Triticum aestivum]
Triose phosphate
translocator 2.7.1.40 CN149774 I Sorghum
bicolor 4.00E-128 triose phosphate/phosphate translocator [Zea mays]
Triose phosphate
translocator 2.7.1.40 CN149403 I Sorghum
bicolor 2.00E-117 triose phosphate/phosphate translocator [Zea mays]
UDP glucose
dehydrogenase 1.1.1.22 not
published A Saccharum
officinarum UDP-glucose
dehydrogenase 1.1.1.22 D39326 A Oryza sativa 2.00E-32 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
UDP-glucose
dehydrogenase 1.1.1.22 AA525658 A Saccharum
officinarum 1.00E-39 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar- group)]
UDP-glucose
glucosyltransferase 2.4.1.35 AW745467 E Sorghum
bicolor 7.00E-09 UDP-glucose
glucosyltransferase [Sorghum bicolor]
UDP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase 2.7.7.9 AU032651 E Oryza sativa 6.00E-05 UDP-glucose
pyrophosphorylase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
UTP-glucose phosphate uridyltransferase
2.7.7.23 CD220905 A Sorghum
bicolor 5.00E-84 UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase [Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)]
Vacuolar
pyrophosphorylase 2.7.7.27 D13472 D Hordeum
vulgare 0.0 pyrophosphate
pyrophosphatase [Hordeum vulgare]
Chapter 5:
Regulation of photosynthesis by sugars in sugarcane leaves 5.1 Abstract
In sugarcane increased sink demand has previously been shown to result in increased photosynthetic rates that are correlated with a reduction in leaf hexose concentrations.
To establish whether sink-limitation of photosynthesis is a result of sugar accumulation in the leaf, cold-girdling and excision techniques were used to modify leaf sugar concentrations in pot-grown sugarcane. Cold-girdling (5oC) increased sucrose and hexose levels and resulted in a decline of photosynthetic rates over 5 d (48% and 35%
decline in A and ETR, respectively). In excised leaves that were preincubated in darkness for 3 h, sucrose accumulation was reduced but accumulated again upon transfer to the light, while hexose concentrations remained lower than in controls (7.7 mol mg-1 FW vs 18.6 mol mg-1 FW hexose in controls). Furthermore, a 66% and 59%
increase in A and ETR, respectively, was observed compared to controls maintained in the light. Sugar-induced changes in photosynthesis were independent of changes in stomatal conductance. This study demonstrated similarities in the effects on photosynthesis of altered leaf sucrose concentrations and those previously reported for the culm. In addition, this work supports the contention that hexoses, rather than sucrose, are responsible for the modulation of photosynthetic activity.
Keywords: hexose, leaf, photosynthesis, source, sucrose, sugarcane