GISTEXT USER GROUPS
D) PROCESSES
3. KPA 2: BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
3.4 Water and Sanitation .1 Water Supplies
(i) Water Resource Profile
The Amatola Water Resource System supplies the urban and rural areas of Buffalo City. Water is sourced from the Bridle Drift (main source), Rooikrantz, Nahoon, Laing and Sandile Dams and the Peddie Scheme.
The Wriggleswade Dam provides storage backup for the system. The system is complex and is made up primarily of surface water resources, with limited groundwater resources suitable for only a few localised schemes.
Based on the high-growth water requirement scenario, measures to reduce the requirement or to increase the System yield would have to be implemented by 2020.
FigureB16: below shows the current high- and-low-growth water requirement scenarios against supply available from the System.
Figure B16: Amatole Water Supply System: Water Balance 2011
The following conclusions can be drawn from figure 1 above:
Integrated system operation, including the transferring of water to the lower dams in the System when Wriggleswade Dam is spilling, is an imperative for short- to medium-term reconciliation.
The effective and sustained implementation of WC/WDM interventions remains a pre-requisite for the supply reconciliation the AWSS, in that WC/WDM is the most cost effective reconciliation intervention; and WC/WDM projects have short implementation lead periods (i.e.
provide greater reconciliation implementation flexibility).
The failure to effectively operate the System and/or to implement WC/WDM is likely to result in supply shortfalls in the short-to medium-term. These supply short falls will need to be met by way of water re-use and/or supply curtailment (restrictions);
In light of the above, the following recommendations are made:
To plan and implement WC/WDM projects, which should seek to achieve a requirement savings of at least 1.2 million m3/per year for 8 years, as from 2012;
Implement potential water re-use schemes, which should seek to deliver an additional yield of 2.9 million m3/per year over 5 years.
Existing System Yield
70 80 90 100 110 120 130
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 2027 2029 2031 2033 2035 2037 2039 2041 Annual Requirements (million m3/a)
Year (Ending 31 June)
AMATOLE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Historical Water Requirement
High growth scenario & GKLM
High growth scenario
Low growth scenario & GKLM
3.4.2 Water Infrastructure
The two main towns within BCMM (East London and King Williams Town and their surrounding areas) are experiencing growth at present and yet further growth is anticipated into the future. In addition, the low income housing programme being implemented by the Human Settlement Department will have great impact on the water supply infrastructure, requiring additional capacity to support this development.
In the light of the current operational constraints faced by King Williamstown and Gonubie, it is vital to ensure that sufficient resources are located towards the upgrading of the Water Treatment Works (WTW) capacity and bulk infrastructure conveyance.
In the consideration the current constraints in All Saints area of KWT and Gonubie an immediate intervention is required to address the issue.
The Water treatment Plants serving BCMM are operated at near capacity for the entire municipality and that is the alarming challenge and table below illustrate that further:
Table B18: Water Treatment Plants Water treatment Plant
(WTP)
Current Flows Peak Flows (Mℓ/d)
Design Capacity (Mℓ/d)
ProposedCapacity (Mℓ/d)
KWT 12.8 13 13
Laing 27 33 40
Nahoon 28 34 86
Umzonyana 111 120 120
Kei Road (new for KWT) - - 38
The total required funding to address the issue of bulk water conveyance and treatment works is detailed in the table below:
Table B19
PROJECT SHORT TERM
(0-5YRS)
MEDIUM-TERM (5-10YRS)
LONG-TERM (10+YRS)
West Bank Bulk R 56 317 648 R 118 221 668 R 66 596 618
Umzonyana Gravity R 134 276 430 R 162 676 759 R 13 898 756
Mdantsane and Dawn Bulk R 32 601 720 R 119 278 294 R 45 871 321
KWT- Bulk R 186 503 916 R 64 786 403 R 112 558 255
Nahoon Dam supply augmentation R 120 000 000 - R 220 000 000
TOTAL R 529 699 714 R 464 963 124 R 458 924 950 3.4.3 Water Demand Management
The City has had a relatively large incidence of ‘water loss’ or non-revenue water. This occurs either through physical losses (leaks etc.), billing inaccuracies, users who are not on the database, communal standpipes, ablution blocks, under registering water meters due to the age, frequent pipe bursts due to the ageing infrastructure, illegal connections. The result is an unnecessary demand on water resources, wastage of water and loss of income.
A comprehensive water loss study had been undertaken and the recommendations emanating from this study are being implemented, according to the available resources.
The Department of Water Affairs has provided a total funding of R15 million for water conservation and water demand management to address the following critical water conservation and water demand management issues within the next three years, starting from 2011/2012 financial year.
Installation of bulk water meters on all reservoir supply zones Installation of zonal/district water meters
Metering of all communal standpipes and ablution blocks Metering of all flat rated properties
Replacement of the ageing water meters and water mains Replacement of conversional standpipes
Indigent plumbing repair program Relocation of mid blocks water mains
This allocation is apportioned at R5 million per year for a period of three years. The current allocation(i.e.
2011/2012 financial year) of R5 million is planned to be spent for the installation of new water meters, indigent plumbing repairs and relocation of mid blocks water mains in Dimbaza, Phola Park, Reeston, Scenery Park, Sweetwaters, Phakamisa, Mdantsane, Duncan Village, Nompumelelo.
3.4.4 Bulk Sewerage Systems & Sanitation Backlog
Sewerage systems in the City are well beyond their design lives, are in poor condition and are operating at capacity. The effect of this situation is that expansion of the city and the housing programme is now severely constrained and the environment is under threat from sewage spills and leakages.
To alleviate some of the current constraints within the system the municipality has allocated funding on the current METF to the project indicated in the table below:
Table B20: Sanitation Projects
Water
The latest information from the Water and Sanitation Master Plan Studies are as follows:
Table B21: Community Survey 2007: Household Access to Basic Services WATER
(access to piped water in dwelling/ yard or within 200m)
SANITATION
(flush toilet, septic tank, chemical toilet, VIP) (Based on Census 2001)
No of Households 204 151 141 535
Project Name Total (R)
Rural Sanitation Backlog 63 854 000.00
Diversion of Wilsonia and Amalinda Sewage to Reeston WWTW (Phase 1)
140 000 000.00 Reeston WwTW Phase 1 upgrade to 10Ml/day(Bulk Sewers) 93 000 000.00 KWT: Upgrade of Zwelitsha WWTW to 17,5 Mℓ/d 111 000 000.00
Gonubie-Treatment Works to 18 Mℓ/d 50 000 000.00
Mdantsane East-Replace pitch fibre sewers and upgrade of interceptors
22 000 000.00
Bufferstrip Sanitation – Mdantsane 16 108 250.00
The water backlogs for greenfields work amounts to R26,26 million and that of remedial work to R35,04 million. The backlog areas include Needs Camp, Ncera, Mount Coke, Potsdam and some rural areas in the King William’s Town District. Needs Camp, Ncera and Mount Coke are being addressed by a three year Capital Project which is already underway. The other areas are awaiting funding but some in-roads have been made by addressing supplies to areas handed over by DWA.
The key findings of the Rural Sanitation Master Plan investigations in terms of rural basic sanitation backlogs are summarized as follows:
Outside urban edge (i.e. rural)
Greenfields : 51 192
Remedial / refurbishment : 885
Sub total 52 077 households Inside urban edge but rural of nature (i.e. peri-urban)
Greenfields : 20 637
Remedial / refurbishment : 1 162
Sub total 21 799 households
Total 73 876 households (approximated)
Funding required to address the backlog: R456 785 175 given the extent of the backlogs and the requirement to eradicate these sanitation backlogs by 2011, expenditure of approximately R100 million per annum will be required. Applications have been submitted for funding to address these backlogs within the national timeframe.