Demolition of the case study area is occurring in pockets, with a greater concentration on Point Road. To reduce the spread of various forms of visible disease in the area, the South Beach case study area requires an urban renewal intervention.
MOTIVATION
New approaches to urban regeneration ensure that all people have access to good infrastructure, social amenities and services, and a good quality of life. This thesis focuses on the topic of urban regeneration and utilizes the objectives mentioned above, aiming to ensure that sustainability of the case study area is achieved through democratic and transparent planning methods.
AIM OF DISSERTATION
MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION
SUB-QUESTIONS
It gives special attention to the dilapidated, dilapidated and dilapidated parts of South Beach. Thus, this question was used to determine which part of South Beach needs which method of renewal to improve its economic, social and physical development. e) What kind of regeneration intervention will be used for South Beach.
HYPOTHESIS
It was asked to determine the socio-economic status of the residents of South Beach, what their view is about their neighborhood and whether they are satisfied with the environment in which they live. South Beach is degenerating in terms of its physical and social environment, as well as its economy.
CASE STUDY AREA: SOUTH BEACH, DURBAN
CHAPTER OUTLINE
There are numerous steps involved in this process and this chapter provides a description of these steps necessary to conduct the study. Maps showing land use and building condition are discussed in this chapter to analyze the existing situation and provide recommendations for the upcoming chapter.
CONCLUSION
Findings from the interviews and questionnaires will be analyzed to provide recommendations for area renewal. Responses from residents, shop owners, businessmen and various stakeholders will be included in this chapter.
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF SOUTH BEACH
- LAND USE SURVEY
- CONDITION OF BUILDINGS SURVEY
- OBSERVATION STUDIES
A series of observational studies were conducted to determine the factors that gave rise to South Beach blight. These were mapped to determine what South Beach lacks in terms of maintaining the overall appearance and proper functioning of the area.
QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEYS FOR THE RESIDENTS OF SOUTH BEACH 19
Once these aspects were understood, an analysis of the area was carried out to provide recommendations for renewal.
INTERVIEWS
DATA ANALYSIS
Through the use of questionnaires and responses to urban decay, it was determined who wants a renewal plan and who does not (ie residents' basic perceptions and views). Therefore, the causes of the disease were understood through the analysis of the data obtained from this survey.
RECOMMENDATIONS FORMULATION
The information gathered thus helped to formulate recommendations to solve the urban problems of South Beach. A survey of street furniture also indicated forms of blight occurring in South Beach.
CONCLUSION
Suggested maps and information from a series of interviews and questionnaires allowed for further insight into the area and a better understanding of South Beach. Data obtained by conducting research through questionnaires, interviews and maps were then analyzed to propose recommendations for a redevelopment plan for South Beach that will meet the needs of the various stakeholders involved in the area.
INTRODUCTION
CONCEPTS INFORMING STUDY
- URBAN RENEWAL
- BLIGHT AND URBAN DECAy
- SUSTAINABILITY
- COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
This is a result of the decline of the physical environment (building or infrastructure) as sustainability was not considered at the time of planning solely for the purpose of making money (Roberts, 1999). This participatory measure ensures that local members of the local community can help with the plan.
THEORIES GOVERNING URBAN RENEWAL
- COLLABORATIVE PLANNING
- THE POLITICAL ECONOMY
This is how political economy has come into play in the urban renewal process. The Political Economy theory states that powerful individuals use urban renewal as a method to increase their personal profits and personal gains (www.union.edu - April 2, 2002).
NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PRECEDENTS OF URBAN RENEWAL
- NATIONAL PRECEDENT
- INTERNATIONAL PRECEDENTS
This increased the burden and responsibility of the residents of the South Bronx (Wendell Cox Consultancy). The changes implemented by the local government further stimulated the reconstruction by the private sector and the residents of the area.
PREDICAMENTS OF URBAN RENEWAL
Not all parties were represented in the planning process of the United States' post-World War II urban renewal program. The citizens of the area to be regenerated now play a more important role in the planning process and their livelihoods are more valued.
CONCLUSION
Investments have been made in the area to rejuvenate the declining economy of Beach 20th Street, another concept that will be considered for South Beach. Restoration recommendations for South Beach will be influenced by the methods and procedures adopted by Balingen. Policy making for South Beach will be influenced by the principles used by First World countries to ensure a successful redevelopment project.
INTRODUCTION
ORIENTATION TO THE CASE STUDY AREA
- HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF SOUTH BEACH
- SOUTH BEACH TODAy
This will encourage the sustainability of the area and will also be beneficial to the residents of South Beach. This project was chosen to meet the needs of the residents of South Beach. Do you think Renewal (upgrading/renovating/demolishing old buildings to replace them with new ones) should happen in South Beach.
ZONING OF SOUTH BEACH
He had stated that one of the problems was due to the population mix in South Beach. The maintenance of the buildings in South Beach is a problematic issue which contributes to the physical decay of South Beach. Therefore, residents, businesses and patrons of South Beach are responsible for waste in the area.
Do you think renewal (upgrading/renovating/demolishing buildings to erect new ones) should happen in South Beach?
THE EXISTING LAND-USES IN SOUTH BEACH
- THE LAND USE STUDy
- FINDINGS OF THE LAND-USE SURVEy
OBSERVATIONS NOTED OF THE EXISITING SITUATION IN SOUTH
- THE CLUSTERING OF PEOPLE
- STREET FURNITURE
Clusters of people on Prince Street are at the small collection of shops, towards the end of the street, near Bell Street. Clusters of people (during off-peak periods) were noted at the benches and decking on Erskine Terrace facing the beach. This is probably due to the attractive aesthetics of the beach, which therefore has clusters of people at the benches on Erskine Terrace.
CONDITION OF BUILDINGS
The assessment of the condition of buildings in South Beach was carried out by walking through the entire case study area with a schedule to assess the condition of the buildings. These were among the decisive factors on which the condition of the building was assessed. Please refer to Appendix D for a complete list of the criteria used in the condition of building study.
LITTER
In November 2002, the litter observation was carried out on different days and during different time periods. This research found that litter on South Beach is concentrated on Point Road (towards Rutherford Street), near the collection of shops on Prince Street, on Rutherford Street and outside Addington Hospital. On Point Road, the waste is located outside the butcher's shop, near the intersection with Rutherford Street.
- VAGRANCY
- PARKING FACILITIES
- NOISY AREAS
- FORMS OF BLIGHT OCCURRING IN SOUTH BEACH
Litter outside Addington Hospital is once again due to the high volume of people visiting the area. This is due to the high concentration of tourists and visitors of South Beach during the Festival period. South Beach is zoned for general residential 5, and not for the mix of land uses that currently exist in the area.
UNSAFE AREAS
Poorly lit, lonely, quiet and gray areas in the case study area were identified as unsafe areas. Prince Street has been identified as an unsafe area from the responses of businessmen at the collection of these shops, which will be discussed in the next chapter, Chapter Five.
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Therefore, the survey was conducted over a period of seven days, averaging four hours per day. Therefore, the survey was conducted until 19:00 on weekdays as well as on weekends to reach economically active individuals as well as heads of households. In two cases, meetings were held with heads of households to conduct the survey on the weekend, since they were not available during the week.
RESULTS FROM QUESTIONNAIRES WITH RESIDENTS
- SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RESIDENTS IN
- RESIDENTS' OPINIONS ON SOUTH BEACH
The most commonly cited factor that residents in South Beach did not like was the crime in the area. The responses from South Beach residents show that most people like the beach the most and that it is the unique quality of South Beach that must be. Fifty-eight percent of residents said they moved to South Beach because of its affordable rents.
RESULTS FROM QUESTIONNAIRES WITH BUSINESSMEN
However, recently a higher percentage of expenditure from the rates has been earmarked for the maintenance of the area. These businessmen were also relatively new to the area (less than six months), which could be a contributing factor to their poor performance. Therefore, the poor performance of South Beach businesses may be linked to high crime rates, reducing customer confidence and the area's overall retail potential.
RESULTS FROM INTERVIEWS WITH STAKEHOLDERS
- RESPONSES TO THE CAUSE OF URBAN DECAY OF SOUTH
This, he said, was a contributing factor from illegal immigrants to the decay of South Beach. Prange had also stated that poor building maintenance by owners has led to South Beach's decay. Maharaj also believes that South Beach is degenerating due to the high crime rate in the area.
CONCLUSION
This, in turn, has also led to the increase in crime in South Beach. Therefore, the blight and physical decay of South Beach is due to a combination of socio-economic factors. However, there is a positive attitude among a large percentage of residents, which is beneficial to the renewal of South Beach.
INTRODUCTION
RECOMMENDED POLICY FOR THE RENEWAL OF SOUTH BEACH: A
Stakeholders must interact with each other by holding regular meetings to create an alliance between the private and public sectors to ensure effective regeneration of South Beach. In order for South Beach to be renewed in a sustainable and democratic way, a PPP is therefore necessary. It is precisely this role that needs to be implemented in South Beach to attract investment.
CRITERIA FOR PROJECT IDENTIFICATION
In the case of South Beach, the local government ie. eThekwini Municipality, an urban renewal facilitator. If the project will create jobs for local South Beach residents, it should be prioritized as it will help reduce poverty and crime rates in the area. If the project is not harmful to the natural environment of South Beach or if it plans to respect the natural environment, it should be given priority.
COUNCIL-ORIENTATED PROJECTS IDENTIFIED FOR THE RENEWAL
- IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF SOUTH BEACH
- A PARK OR PLAYGROUND
- A PUBLIC PARTICIPATION INITIATIVE
What do you think gave rise to the decay/degeneration/blight of South Beach. Do you think that a public, private or public private partnership should be adopted for the renewal of South Beach. Do you think that recreational facilities for the children of South Beach are sufficient (parks, playgrounds, swimming pools, etc.).
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNER SHIP (PPP) PROJECTS
- ENHANCING THE MAINTENANCE OF SOUTH BEACH
- STREETREVITALISATIONFORERSKINE TERRACE
- BUILDINGS REQUIRING REHABILITATION
- THE CONSERVATION OF SOUTH BEACH
INTRODUCTION
THE DECAY OF SOUTH BEACH
THE RENEWAL OF SOUTH BEACH
The purpose of this Dissertation was to determine the cause of blight in South Beach and thus give recommendations for the renewal of the area. With the proposed restaurant strip on Erskine Terrace, the economy of South Beach will increase as tourists, as well as local residents, will visit this area. Collaboration between all involved and relevant stakeholders from both the private and public sectors is necessary for the renewal of South Beach to be efficient and effective.
LIMITATIONS TO THE STUDY
- ANALYSIS
- RECOMMENDATIONS
SUGGESTIONS TO IMPROVE THE STUDY
CONCLUSION
What do you think are the most important places/areas within South Beach that need renewal? 19. What do you think could be improved in South Beach to meet your needs as a store owner here?
