The generation of waste and the lack of landfills in the city caused. Durban is a city in the center of EThekwini Municipality in the KwaZulu-Natal region of South Africa.
Need for the study
Objectives of the study
Research approach
Limitations of the study
The structure of the research
Literature Review
Introduction
The literature review also covered Total Quality Management (TQM) aspects, as recycling requires a lot of administration. The concept of supply chain was explored in this literature review so that its contribution could be clearly identified.
Defining recycling
According to Gids et al. as cited in Kit Fai Pun et al. 2006, p. 35) “Cleaner production is a process in which recycling and remanufacturing work in parallel. Recycling requires the disposal of the waste product, the separation of materials according to their group or class and then these materials must be processed”. as cited in Kit Fai Pun et al., 2006, p. 41) states that “recycling needs a design that focuses less on the component and more on the overall product design”.
Environmental Management System
Total Quality Management (TQM)
Data-driven decision making refers to the method where tools and techniques are used in combination with relevant information in the problem-solving process to create improvements;-. All of these TQM practices are important as they can give direction to recycling and can easily help identify bottlenecks in process areas that need improvement.
Supply Chain
According to Chopra & Meindl (2001, p.115) "transportation to the point of collection involves time and additional costs. According to Lamming & Hampson (as cited in Beamon, 1999) "the ultimate goal of extending the traditional supply chain is to allow consideration of the total immediate and eventual environmental effects of all processes (known respectively as product and process management)".
Recycling competences
In conclusion, knowing the supply chain is important for Cato Crest primary collectors as it speaks to many issues that are part of successful recycling. In these situations, raising awareness, promoting the availability of resources and simplifying the recycling process is important (Barr & Shaw, 2006).
Community involvement in recycling
The recycling ad touches on the issue of economics, as successful recycling may need funding to be sustainable. Practical short-term and long-term goals, resources and budgets must be established along with assessment goals.
The global context of recycling
The Conference of Parties is the gathering of parties in the United Nations to discuss issues related to the Climate Convention framework, waste reduction and recycling, and how members can help in the fight against global warming. The objectives of the Kyoto Protocol are to achieve sustainability of the production of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which can reduce the interference already experienced with the climate system. The objectives must be achieved within a specified time frame to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to ensure economic development is sustainable (Tickell & Rowe 2009 ).
Waste minimization in the ecosystem is an important factor in maintaining an environment for economic wealth. For all recyclers and manufacturers there are no financial rewards in the existing recycling scheme and there is a provision for recycling changes and new designs to be implemented. The increased recycling of used materials results in the long run in lower handling costs and this results in higher added value.
It is highly recommended to maximize the share of added value in order to sustain, economic.
The role of government in implementing and sustaining recycling
The eThekwini municipality's directive on waste management is based on the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act section 24 of chapter 2, Integrated Development Plan GOP) and the Polokwane Declaration and the South African Waste Management Bill. The purpose of the summit was to develop a waste management plan that would contribute to a measurable improvement and sustainable development in the quality of life of the people of South Africa by involving all South Africans in the effective reduction of waste. The aim of the summit was to reduce waste generation and disposal by fifty percent and twenty five percent respectively by 2012 and to implement a zero waste plan by 2022 by committing to the principles of waste minimisation, reuse and recycling control in order to maintain commitment to the Integrated Pollution and Waste Management Policy, the National Waste Management Strategy.
The parties committed to the following actions: Prioritization of waste management, implementation of the National Waste Management Strategy (NSMS), promulgation of a legislative and regulatory framework to promote waste minimization and recycling, provision of collection and disposal resources, setting the 2012 target for achieving the defined reduction targets, disseminating information on the status quo of reduction reduction programs in the country, The overall objective is to minimize the consumption of natural resources and achieve integrated waste management reporting and planning. Previous studies suggest that, in some countries, control measures and financial availability from the government are important to restore logistics facilitation, however, in other countries such as Hong Kong, "the government did not play an important role in promoting activities and no encouragement to the contrary. logistics were offered" (Jahre, 1995, p. 39).
The above suggests that government non-participation does not accelerate or sustain waste management or recycling activities.
Economic and political issues around recycling
The eThekwini municipality can further experiment with what was done and what succeeded in other counties. This does not mean that we deny ourselves the use of non-renewable resources such as oil and gas, but we must ensure that we use them efficiently and that alternatives are developed to replace them over time. Renewable resources, such as water, should be used in ways that do not endanger the resource or cause serious damage or pollution” (Pun, 2006, p. 104).
Sustainable development involves thinking broadly about the goals and effects of what we do, and also thinking about the overall costs and rewards on a larger scale, rather than separating things into economic, environmental and social parts” (Pun, 2006, p. 104). ).
Conclusion
Research Methodology
- Introduction
- Descriptive study
- Data Collection
- Data analysis
- Validity and reliability
- Summary
Strauss & Corbin (as cited in Ghauri & Gronhaug, 2002, p.86) state that “qualitative methods guide understanding by using the interviewee's observations in a natural setting. Sampling involves the desired individuals selected from the population for the purpose of the study” (Sekaran, 2003, p. 265). Gillham (2000, p. 10) states: "the success and positive feature of the interview is the rich content and comprehensible content of the material that emerges".
In the Cato Crest attitudes and perceptions study, qualitative data was collected by conducting interviews with local primary collectors who are members of the community. Primary data refers to "the data that is relevant to a specific study and research problem and is more in line with the research question and research objectives and its disadvantage is that it can take a long time and cost a lot to collect" (Ghauri. & Gronhaug, 2002, p 82). According to Ghauri & Gronhaug (2002, p. 181) "triangulation is the combination of strategies used to collect data in a particular study of the same topic".
In the Cato Crest study, data collected from interviews was validated through the collection of secondary data.
Results and discussion
- Introduction
- Age analysis of primary collectors
- Initiative
- Planning and motivation for recycling
- Self-control and community commitment
- Networking
- Empowerment
- Results of waste tonnages collected from Bisasar landfill from Cato Crest
- Summary
- Conclusion
In this topic, "'the aim is to identify, plan and organize future activities so that the intended actions result in a desired movement. The perception of recycling at Cato Crest was not based on fully understood concepts and goals of recycling. According to Boyatzis (1998, p. 105) “the goal is to control personal desires, greed for the sake of the goals of the organization, group or family.
This meant that there was no sustainability in the recycling efforts in Cato Crest, although there was a positive attitude towards recycling. Nothing remarkable was done by eThekwini Municipality in Cato Crest from the date the declaration was signed to 2012. Empowerment involves “The intention is to motivate individuals or a group of people to develop their abilities or improve their performance towards a goal” (Boyatzis, 1998, p. 107).
The idea was to validate what was discussed with the focus group and from what emerged from the interview about the effectiveness of recycling in Cato Crest. The results showed that recycling was not working in Cato Crest and that more needed to be done to reduce waste to landfill. The discussion of the results above showed that recycling in Cato Crest has the potential to be successful as the attitude towards recycling was positive.
Conclusion and recommendations
- Introduction
- Study objectives
- Recommendations for improving recycling in Cato Crest
- Recommendations for further research
In summary, the motive for recycling in Cato Crest is to generate revenue and this has resulted in the need to improve recycling operations. The second objective was to identify improved methods for implementing recycling activities in Cato Crest. Improving recycling activities in Cato Crest requires the participation of all stakeholders, government, business and civil society in establishing a waste minimization policy in the area, capitalizing on the positive attitude towards recycling that would help implement the improved recycling practices in the area. .
The third objective was to identify any limitations in the waste disposal system of the eThekwini Municipality. Recycling containers should be placed in Cato Crest to encourage full community participation. Waste analysis of Cato Crest, to determine how much of each type of waste is generated in the area.
A recommendation for a recycling tonnage monitoring system, which determines the amount of recyclables collected in Cato Crest, will help measure the effectiveness of the program and will help determine an improved recycling plan.
- Waste Tonnage Record from Cato Crest to Bisasar Landfill site
- Interview Questions
- Informed Consent Form
- Ethical Clearance
Social marketing, recycling and promotion, Journal of Marketing and Logistics, Bradford, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Research Methods for Business, 5th edition, John Wiley and sons, New York: CPI Antony Rowe. Do you know any interested parties or government officials in your area who you can contact if you need help or more information.
If so, how often do you meet and if not, what are the reasons for not meeting? You can refuse to participate in the project or withdraw from the project at any time without negative consequences. The confidentiality and anonymity of the data identifying you as a participant is maintained by the Graduate School of Business and Leadership, UKZN.
If you have any questions or concerns about participating in this study, you may contact me or my supervisor at the numbers listed above.
