This will be further understood through an investigation into the complex and difficult lives of the street dwellers in Durban's CBD, and how this creatively contributes to the design of a nurturing multi-functional dream centre, as a solution to the needs of street life and a conceptualization of taking care of the inner city environment. The result is the conceptualization of an inner-city environment from which a set of principles and guidelines are established to support the design of a new multi-functional inner-city dream center – the Durban CBD.
BACKGROUND
This challenge is explored in the context of the interrelationship between the prevailing street lifestyle, the needs of pavement dwellers and the inner city environment. The guidelines for the location and installation schedule for the "Multipurpose Dream Center" are derived from an analytical interpretation of case studies of Durban's response to the needs of pavement dwellers and precedent studies.
MOTIVATION/JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Definition of the Problem
This leads to the city center environment being experienced as something strange or hostile towards the people, especially the pavement dwellers, who live in it.
Aims
Objectives
SETTING OUT THE SCOPE
- Delimitation of Research Problem
- Definition of Terms
- Stating the Assumptions
- Research Questions
- Key Question
- Secondary Questions
- Hypothesis
It is then these "architectural" structures that will form part of the nurturing inner city environment. Unless an analysis of the needs of pavement dwellers is taken into account, a nourishing inner city environment cannot be conceptualized and this will be detrimental to the city.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
- Introduction
- Theory of Living
- Complexity Theory
- Critical Regionalism
In this thesis, 'the essence of the Theory of Life' is that the energies, passions, joys and sorrows of life affect the built environment and are affected by the built environment (Pallasmaa, 2009). The importance of the insight that life and life precede architecture is that architecture must be at the service of life, at the service of people's lives, to create a more nurturing stage for life.
THEORETICAL DISCUSSION
Frankl notes that there can never be a perfect chess move, because such a move depends on the state of the particular game and the known qualities and preferences of the opponents. Likewise, in architecture there is no abstract perfect design or idea, but rather a nurturing design or idea for a given situation.
RESEARCH METHODS AND MATERIALS
Introduction
Primary Research Methods
- Case studies
- Semi-structured In-depth interviews
- Focus groups
- Survey questionnaire
- Observations
- Photographs and Sketches
The focus groups had up to ten members and provided an opportunity for exploration of the different and contested meanings and feelings of the pavement dwellers. Personal observation was used to study the daily lives and routines of pavement dwellers.
Secondary Research
- Library studies
- Precedent studies
Observations were carried out at each of the shelter sites as well as on Anton Lembede Street and the intersecting side streets. The sidewalk dwellers' lifestyles, the nature of their livelihoods, and their existing living conditions were documented in photographs and sketches as a means of gathering data.
CONCLUSION: CHAPTER ONE
CHAPTER TWO | LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
THE INNER CITY ENVIRONMENT
I Dwell in the City, and the City Dwells in Me
Understanding that architecture reflects the human spirit and that the spirit reflects architecture is critical to understanding inner-city life. This interaction reflects the complex relationship between city residents and their surrounding inner-city environment.
The Relationship between History of the City and Livelihoods
Mumford portrays the medieval city in terms that reflect the lives of its inhabitants: “The central position of the church. The western industrial city perhaps continued the erosion of individuals' values and crafts that had begun in the Baroque cities.
Exponential Population Growth and the Creation of the Dual City
30 | P a g e An understanding of the history of the western city gives insight into the current rapid economic growth, population explosion and rapid urbanization in the world. The example of Dhaka as a dual city outlines the real challenges faced by pavement dwellers who find themselves in the urban category of the poorest of the poor.
Unplanned Space: The Neglected Space of Plans
These unplanned spaces can be used and converted to temporarily and partially meet the needs of the urban poor, such as informal shelters, informal trade, informal health care or informal recreation. Cities are historically dynamic and unplanned spaces of the past take on new meanings from the perspective of the urban poor.
Towards a City and Architecture of Life: Nurturing People Where They Are
37 | Page abstractions emphasize the visual appearance of the building, rather than taking into account those who will occupy the building. A nurturing environment is one in which architecture creates social opportunities, using creative buildings to meet the holistic needs of the inner city resident.
City Orientation: Emotional Security Builds a Nurturing Inner City Environment
The design and shape of a district in the inner city environment affects people's understanding of location in the urban environment and gives the individual a greater sense of place/destination. Responding to this need for emotional security by using these elements is essential if one is to conceptualize a nurturing inner city environment.
STREET LIVING AND LIVELIHOODS IN THE CITY
Street Livelihood in the World Today
Currently, planning tends to consider one part of the dual city – the haves – while ignoring the other part – the have-nots. Yet the starting point of life allows one to observe that even formal planning, if it does not concern itself with the lives of the wealthy, is an inadequate plan.
Homelessness and Pavement Dwellers
- Social Exclusion
- Structural vs. Individual Causes of Homelessness
- Constitutional Rights to Housing
Architect Dobson, reflecting on the fact that traders choose to continue sleeping on the pavement rather than pay for accommodation, felt that "The Cart Lift lost that aspect" (Dobson, 2007). The surrounding context includes parking lots, the interstate highway, a school, a printing plant, a vacant warehouse, and the Farmers Market (observed in Google Earth, 2013). The Bridge complex covers a block of 3.4 hectares and is centered towards the northern and eastern boundaries of the site to allow for expansion.
Livelihood as a Means to Life
- Street Livelihood in its Context
- Living Needs
- Resources for Street Living
- Vulnerability of the Pavement Dweller
CONCLUSION: CHAPTER TWO
In the beginning it focused on two parts, namely the inner city environment and the city street life and livelihood. The purpose of interrogating the relevant texts was to create a better understanding of a nurturing inner city and how to begin conceptualizing a nurturing environmental architecture.
CHAPTER THREE | FIELDWORK
INTRODUCTION
CASE STUDY: ANTON LEMBEDE DISTRICT
- Introduction
- Background on Durban
- Geographical Location
- Spatial Location of the Study
- Survey Logistics
- The Durban Inner City Pavement Dwellers
- Street Living and Livelihoods in Anton Lembede District
- Anton Lembede Discussion
The residents of the pavement tend to live, eat, work, play and sleep in the same clothes. Street peddling: The results showed that a majority of 55% of the sample of Anton Lembede district pavement dwellers earned from street peddling.
CASE STUDIES: DURBAN'S RESPONSE TO THE NEEDS OF THE
Introduction
In general, there is a lack of architectural support for the identified needs of pavement dwellers. The Durban Beach Shelter provides such a service to boarders who use the facility.
Strollers Overnight Facility
- Background
- Description and Analysis of the Building Environment
Durban Beach Shelter
- Background
- Description and Analysis of the Building Environment
The building for the Durban Beach Shelter was originally designed to be a hotel and this hotel is unsuitable for an educational shelter. As the building for the Durban Beach Shelter was originally designed to be a hotel, the interior spaces are unsuitable for current users.
CONCLUSION: CHAPTER THREE
95 | P a g e These five groups of sidewalk dwellers provide insight into the grouping of individuals, without detracting from their value, to conceptualize the types of categories a nurturing architecture must speak to.
CHAPTER FOUR | PRECEDENT STUDIES: MOVING IN THE DIRECTION
INTRODUCTION
PRECEDENT STUDY: BUD CLARK COMMONS
Background
The Commons offers three main programs: housing, day center and housing, which are located vertically in the eight-story building (http://www.huduser.org). Commons has a humanistic vision, which aims to reorient the vulnerable individual in life and is committed to helping homeless individuals to meet their basic needs (Otte.
Description of the Building Environment
- Location
- The Building Design
Through a critical regional approach, the Commons contributes to the social and physical context of the city core. The Commons is one of the most efficient buildings in America (http://www.aia.org).
Analysis of the Building Environment
The Commons' three main programs, housing, day center and shelter, provide a number of human-scale nursing facilities to support and equip the lives of boarders. This allows programs to create specific care for each category of needs of sidewalk residents, as well as associated staff.
PRECEDENT STUDY: THE BRIDGE HOMELESS ASSISTANCE CENTRE .104
- Location
- The Building Design
- Programmes
- Analysis of the Building Environment
The bridge is organized to meet the needs of pavement dwellers in one place. The complexity of pavement dwellers' needs is met by integrated programs from the Bridge that support the pavement dwellers' journey.
CONCLUSION: CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
INTRODUCTION
STREET LIVING AND LIVELIHOODS IN DURBAN'S DUAL CITY
Street Living in Anton Lembede District
The pavement dwellers often find the Durban shelters too expensive and are pushed into the unplanned spaces of the city. Sleeping in the streets between spaces: Sidewalk dwellers have been observed sleeping in groups in spaces considered safe.
Street Livelihood in Anton Lembede District
A micro-analysis of pavement dwellers in the literature review showed that the chosen responses follow economic principles. Pavement dwellers use human capital (skills and knowledge), social capital (social networking) and physical capital (occupancy of spaces) in search of survival.
CONCEPTUALIZING A NURTURING INNER CITY ENVIRONMENT
- Location
- Analysis of the Buildings' External Environments
- Analysis of the Buildings' Internal Environments
- Food schemes and social care
- Training programmes
- Pavement Dwellers' Categories
The success of Bridge and the Commons has influenced the type of social engagement with sidewalk residents in the United States. Supplementary guidelines: The building must correspond to the width of the different levels of sidewalk residents who will use the facility.
CONCLUSION: CHAPTER FIVE
It is equipped to enable a sidewalk dweller to enhance his skills through various training programs to become a participating citizen of the city. This framework is outlined in the guidelines above, including location, building environment, food and social care schemes, training programs and different categories of pavement dwellers.
CHAPTER SIX | CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
INTRODUCTION
129 | Page course for an architectural intervention of a nurturing inner-city environment for the street living needs of sidewalk residents.
CONCLUSION
This analysis of the case studies revealed that the shelter design solutions were inadequate for the needs of the pavement dwellers in the Durban CBD. Within the framework of the theories and the literature review, the needs of the pavement dwellers in the Anton Lembede district case study were investigated.
RECOMMENDED SITE AND SCHEDULE
Schedule Accommodation Guidelines
Health Care Guidelines: Spaces for the spiritual and physical healing of the pavement dwellers are needed. The spaces for creativity can cater for the arts, music (singing, choir, instruments - flutes, guitars, tambourine), drama workshops (mime, plays, acting, stick throwing) and theater (connection with the general public).
Site Selection Guidelines
Food and water: The vast majority, 92% of respondents, said they needed food and water. Conceptualizing a Nurturing Inner City Environment Based on Street Livelihood Needs Analysis: Towards a Multipurpose Dream Center for Durban CBD Pavement Dwellers.
