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OLIVER TAMBO A U. N.

IND IAN CE T E ARY

PICTURE FEATURE-

P ages 4 and 5

e

Last weekablackflal::flewoverthe condemnedJohannesbullt Indian HighSchool, orderedtomoveto theIndian~hettoat Lenz, and studentswore blackann bands asasil:(llof their protest.

'lm6~ ~~~K1~~~~t~~Iq,AH~EJii~~AiJgE1~tii~Dif~ F~~~~~~~::a:m

LABOURERS TO WORK ON THE SUGAR PLANTAT IONS

OF NATAL.

In all centresthe Indian community areobserving the event in a spirit ofdedicationandsolemnity. At many functions in variousparts of the country, thousands oftheirfellow-citizensof all raceswilljoin with them in honouringthose first pioneers who laidthe foundations of SouthAfrica's450,000-strongIndian community.

Conveyingamessage on behalfofthe ColouredPeople'sCongress atthe Indiancentenary celebrationsatthe GandhiHall, Johannesburg, lastSunday.Mr. LionelMorrison expressed the generalfeeling of the varioussections of theCongress movement whenhe said:

"Inthe past 100years the Indian peopleof SouthAfrica haveby sheer hard work,determination andsacrifice overcome

obstacles which at times appearedinsurmountable. In spiteof ~~~~~~~~~

accusations from reactionaries that they areforeigners,theyr - - - - have proved to be true sons and daughters ofSouthAfrica."

More than 600 Indian men,paignof 1952asunique inthehis- women and children crowdedthetory of South Africa forin this GandhiHallto celebratetheir hun-Campaign for the first time "all dredyearsin SouthAfrica.Maulvinational groups participated in a Saloojee,Presidentof theTransvaal strugglein defence of liberty in our

~~~i~s:~~i~~h~t ~h~n:~~ia~~e~e~l~ cO~ ~~~~ealed

to the Indian people had played animportantrolein theto standfirmwith the rest ofthe development ofSouthAfrica. peopleinthestruggle for liberation.

He dealtat length with tbestrug- In this lively celebration the gleof the Indian peoplein this speecheswere short and c~n.c~se,

country andcit~the DefianceCam-;i~~i~~at~~d bbea~~i¥~[a~a~i~;ltl~;^THE South African United

young girls. Front delegation at the

MESSAGES United Nations, led by Mr.

me~~g1f~~mUtht:r~~~~;va~10R~~~o~

Oliver Tambo,one-time vice- oftheLiberal Party.Messages werepresident ofthe now banned alsor~~~~~~I::~:nth;a~r~~ressive Afric~n Na~ional ~ongress, ^is .,---- - - ---.:..- - ---.::---=----IpressmgforInternational eeono- - - - -- - .,Imic sanctions against Sooth

Africa.

The othermember of thedelega- tion isMr.Vus'umzi Make, oneof the156treasontrialists arrestedin 1956 and acquitted a year later.

Makewasthen deportedfrom Eva- tonbutescapedfromexile to make hisway toAddis Ababa, laterto join upwith membersof the South African United Frontabroad.

BothMr.Tamboand Mr. Make havebeen havingtalks withthe heads ofUN delegations.

Mr.Tamboaddressedameeting ofthe 26·membergroup of Africar states at the UnitedNations, and1 due any day to address the wbole the Afro-Asiangroup at thisye~

UNsession.

Afterthiswillfollow talks the Latin Americanand Scand viancountries.

TheSovietandEastl~uropear Socialist delegations have already indicated their supportfor the cause of the South Africanfreedom lobby.

GOODRESPONSE Ofthe Africanstates' delegations Mr.Tamboreports: "The response is very good.If not enough is achieveditwill not beforlack of trying on the part ofthese delega- tions."

N ewAge Interviews Canyileon W ay 10 E xile

p

JOHANNESBURG. Mr.Ganyile was arrested bythe

T

^{HE PONDO} BOYCOTT OF policeinthestreetsofBizana onI MINE LABOUR. TAXESMonday,~ovem ber7, as he~as .' AND SHOPS IN THETOWNSsellingcopiesof New Age carrying WILL CONTINUE INDEFINITE- thelatestnews ofthe Pondoland LY. SAID MR. ANDERSON struggle.

KHUMANI GANYILE, EXILED T~e order served onhim was PONDO LEADER. INTER· earnedout that very hour. He was VIEWED BY NEW AGE ON notallowed to gohome,to say KRUGERSDORP STA TION~oodbye to familyor friends, to WHILE BEING RUSHED BY pack his belongings,to windU!Jhis TRAIN TO MAFEKING affairs. He was taken intocustody Mr.Ganyile, aformer Fortrrare

~~:rs~~ ~i~o ~~~et~~O~hwK~.?;~~

studentwho hasplayed a .prommentdid he have a chance tobuyhim- part m..the.struggleagainstBantu self oneblanket and an overcoat AuthoritiesInPondoland,hasbeenfroma store.

banishedto Frenchdale,near Mafe- From Kokstad policestation Gan- king, underthe1927NativeAd- yile was removed to Pieterrnaritz-

mirnstrati onAct. burg.There he wasput onthetrain

He toldNe~Agethatthe boycott to Johannesburg. On Wednesday startedIn Bizana Will spread tonight, November 9, he wasput othercentresmPondoland andth~n aboard the train forMafeking, through the wholeoftheTranskei, New Age chased the train after

Hedenies emphaticallypressreoithadleftthe Johannesburg station, ports thatthePondos wanta returnandcaughtup withitatKrugers- tothe oldBunga,"PONDOLANDdorpstation.whereourpicturewas WILL BE SATISFIEDWITHNO- taken.

THING SHORT OF SENDING TwoAfrican constables escorted REPRESENTATIVES TO PAR· Mr.Ganyile into exile.

LIAMENT,"HE SAID. (Continued onpage8)

NEW AGE, TH URSDAY,NOVBMBER 17,1960

COUNCIL CIRCULAR

Everyone will beatthe NEWAGE XMAS EVE DANCE A circular letter to employers from the Johmnesbura Council's Non-Euro pean Affairs Depar tment reveals that the Councilishaving theutmost difficultvcollecting rents fromAfricans in thetownships.

Theletterintro duces a newvolun- tarvscheme totrvtogetemployers tohelpreduce"theveryheavy rent arrears inthetownshins,"and to avoid keeping African workers awayfrom work to attendatthe office ofthesuperintendent or in thecourts.

Emnlovers are notified of the amountof rent arrears oftheir em- ployeesand are asked todeduct this amountfrom the workers' weekly wagepacket.

The circular virtually admits- and the heavy amount of rent arr ears in all the African townships oroves-thatAfricanworkerslivi~

below the breadline cannot pay the heavy rents of houses in the town- ships.

RENTS PROTES AT MOFOLO

Residents W onl ANew Sup~rinlendenl

An indignantwoman residentofMofoloarguesthat it is a rotten systemthat ejectspeople from their homesbecause they are too poor to pay tbeir rents, and are giventoo little timetodoso.

Sekou'To~.

JOHAN NESBUR G. second month.

H~~::s?Sm~~ a:~ :~:~

^to

~:til:~~: a~ti~~;i~f°t~~i:~p~~i~~

2athered around theMofolo Town- tendentbyexplainingthat he was forcesstillpresent in manyStates.ship office last Satu rdayto demand onlycarr yingout Councilregula- orbytheAfricanbourgeoisie. the immediate dismissal of the tions. He said Meadowland s and

"That iswhy theattempts at superintendent. Roodepoort tenants were being the Icnu to sabotage trade Theytold the senior officialofejected fromtheirhomeswhenthey.

unionunity inAfricawill fail,just the Council'sNEADwho addressed failedtopaytheirrentsbeforethe as political and military plots themthatIf the superintendentwas7th of each month.TheJohannes- ha vefailed. not removed there would begrave burg Council was owed over

"But we are sure that theaimconsequencesintheMofolo village, £14.000inrentarrears. "Weare of creating an anti-imperialist .ThepeopleareuP.in armsat the trying not to benasty," hesaid, tradeunion movementinAfrica ejections from their homes and"butwewantyouto berespons- which will be independent butsUll!mo~sesto thep.olicestationsfor iblc."

opentoco-operation with other fallingIIIarrears with their rent. WENT AWAY

~n~e~~:t~a~t~ ~?~epr~;~~~si:een~~~~ Formerl~E~e:O~~~they

^were

lea~~of~~ ~~~t1n~.pd~~ep~flf~~~dh~~

grammewill be achieved, over- summonsed to the police station cometodefendthe superintend ent, coming splitting tactics, because it only 'When their rents were three theycalledout. they wouldgoto hasthe support of thegreatmass months in arrears.Now there areseetheNEAD Manager. "Wedon't of the Africanworkers ..." casesof families being summonsed wantto be lecturedlikechildren.

T~ebirdof~i2uiri,the

srrn

bol and ejectedwhentheir rentsare wewan ttobe treatedlikehuman :~~b~r~fri~~~tnues^{to Dymtbe}ovs~~~g~~~s o~;e~~i~~'^{served on} beings."

(Concluded) tenants in the first week of the Other members of the crowd called them back to the meeting.

The NEAD official took the namesof peopleejected from their homesforrent arrears,and those served with summonses andpro - misedan investigation.

MONEYSPINN ERS

ByRoger Clain Conakry,on Africansoil. that the And there youhave itagain.the'first '!10!1un,;ent "tot~emart yrsof phrase thathaunts youfromthe colonialism wasbuilt. . minute you arrivein Conakry. Overandabovenational differ-

Humaninvestmen t.. .Every ences..class.0pPosltlOns and_dlve~- Saturday. every Sunday. from one ~en!vlewpoJ!"'ts..theql;lalltyof this endof thecountry to theother Afr.lcan solidarity displayed by these two newly-coined words Guinea commands therespect of awaken and assemblethe popula- all.

tion. It is this solidarity which is

You will seea processionof furthering thecurrent of African men. women oryoungsterspassing unity,whichis makinghe~dway.in with tools over their shoulders spite of the mistakes,difficulties singing tothebeat ofatom-tom -:lnd traps whichwe;an see arising Itis"human investment". 1\1the sto ry of Africa.

Ayoungmanburstsi!1tothe This solidari ty isproviding a housewhere youarestayingand healthy counter-balancetoernerg- asksyour host. "Lendmeyour ent African nationalism.Fromit is spade and pick, the neighbours increasing andsoreadincthe feel- have 'brought theirbricks... It's inzofinterna tionalsolidarity of fortheBoussoula District Com- whichwesaw most vivid testi- mittee school ...""Human invest- mony.

ment"again.. . "Africanunity." saIdPresident1-o.._ _ Two mag~c w~rds which fall Sekou Toure,"cannotbe under:

fro":!lau~hlll~ lips. A human stood aswioinsoutdifferences of reality whichgivesyouthekey t.o structure or 'the production of thepresent.and thefutur: ;ItI,~ identical national programmes.

~hetranslationof the wo!'dwork Africanunitymustbebasedon a JOthelanguag eofAfn ~anfree- correctassessmentofthecenerrl dom.ItISAfricancollective work, and particular features of the voluntaryand_{f~ee .}recalledfrom Africanpeonies. Halso means former ages of liberty and devoted united action'bvtheseneonlesfor toItSpnm,ary aim-agoodlife theevtabli-hrnentofa- svstern of fortheAfr~cansthemselves and a comnlete lib erIy throuzhout

moder n.G umea. _ _ Afr.ca . . . -

I!r~I~~~rttht~ e:o;~et~:ro~~Ii~~ "Behindthe slogan of African from thescaleof humanvalues, unityliesthedeterminationof .the distortedbycolonialexploitation. Afrlc~n peoples to firht against Itisa sourceof releasedenerav exploiters and oppressors ... whichthetradeunions must co= "Differencesin sodal andecono- ordinate. eanaliseandl:!uide into mic conditions canin no case paths of greatereffectiveness. preventunited actionby the Afri- canpeoples. Thisunity will be achieved over and above these differences,butmustovercome all formsofchau vlnlnn,regionalism and sectarianism:it mustbeulaced on a !Jarwithan awareness-ofan

Africa which wishestouL':yits~IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1111III11111111lllili

fullJ;mrt in building ane~world§ §

~:~!~e

^{theotherpeoplesof the}

~ INDIAN CENTENARY A ~

"And what prospects do you~ ~

~f~1,:;:! fO~:::ion

^unitvin

i CAUSE FOR CELEBRATION i

"Every qualityhas itsdefects

~

^THIS week New Age is

~~ :e~t.~~n~i~~1~sal~h~~~~~ ~

and every defect has itsquali-== celebrating the centen- they will be welcomed. ==

ties.The'bestpartof thepresent - ary ofthearrival of the And whileyou are selling ~ momentintheAfricanpolitical IndiancommunityinSouth thepaper,you can make the ==

situat ionis theurgent awareness Africawitha oictorial sur- point that the extra blocks ~

~~0~~~mne~1 i~odes~~~~e~~~. Ptl~~caa~

^{vey of the}whole one hun-

~~ll~c~os~ ali~~I~o~o~~~hr;a~~ ~

hy thisthatthe nationalliberat ion dred years. coverthisexfracost! § strucule dominatesall others. Itisindeed acauseforcele- SEND IN YOUR DONA- §

"Thedrawbackto this positive brat ion,forthe Indiancommu- TIONSWITHOUT DELAY!! ~ aspectis the factthat right from nityhascontributedmuch to Last Week'sDonations: § the moment whenthe indepen- SouthAfricaineveryconceiv-' Port Elizabeth: § dence slogan wasput forward. ablefield-thatofpoliticaland Party£16.17.3, Friend £1.10.§ many politicalandtradeunionor' trade> union organisation and Cape Town: § ganisations wereledto relegate the: struggle, culturaldevelopment, November 7th £3.13, B.C. § strugglefor theemancipationof commercial and professional (Per D) £4,DesmondB.£3.15, § theexploited classes to a second- enterprise.Andallthis in the Johnson (jumble) £4.19, R.F. § ary place. Socialdemands were face oftremendous opposition, 19s.Anniversary17s., Ship £I, §

muted. not only from the Nationalist MissW 5s.,N £3, Bernard §

"But todaythe processofde- Government,but also from the £1.10,LK. £I,I&H £15,Ru- § colonisatio n in Africa bas reached United Party Governments be- bar£7, Wyndoc £5, Bob £I, § suchastage of developmentthat fore it. S.R. lOs.,A&G 19s.,David § thesolutions the workerswant to Wefeel that every South M(Baragwanath)5s. § see to theirsocialand economic§ African interested in the his- Johannesburg: § demands cannot be!lut off any~ toryof one of the country's Iu m b I e sale £143.10.6, ~

Ionl!er. == component peopleswill want Friends£20, Monthly £25,B. ==

I

h)'=:::::::~~~~=:::::::~~~

"Wearesure,therefore,th~twe~ to keepthe>issuesof the paper £5,In memory ofMinnie £1.1, ~ are at thebeginningof a phase of§ inwhichthesurveyappears. In memoryof Lionel £1.1, In § development of workers'stru~gles ^§ no~~IIY ~~:INe:h1g/~ho~?J ~em~I

l!/

Li~el£llj

tli

^{rk- §}

~imed a.ttranShfOrming indepen-§ beinterestedinthishistory,so ~~'i

£2:

A~e;~s~;o,Gain:~c~ § el1ce mto torou~h reform.§ wehope there will bemore holiday £85.16. Robin £1.1. §

:~:~~:sll~i11 ~no~ le:~~i:~r~lve~~ ~

^{sellersof thepaperthanever} Grand Total:£3928s. 9d.

~

exploited, eitherbythe colonial:;;)1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111IIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII~ ~~~~~~~~~~~

Somemonev-spinnersbegan by laughing attheidea.Thev were wrong.Judgeforvourself. Inone 'Year thehuman investmentcam- nail!'1has given the peopleof Guinea5.000 milesofroads(as many asduringthe whole 60-vear colonial period).335 classrooms.

672bridges.28clinics. 7.700yards ofdvke. 227 collective shoos. 3 snorts grounds. 2,440 collective fields and 30,700 re-afforestation schemes.

But the nationalnrosnectsof Guineacannot be discussed with- outtouchingon those ofthewhole oftheAfricancontinent.fighting, freeingitself, sufferingand going forward,fromAlgiers toGuinea withoutsayingalsothat itbelongs toAfrica.

Africansolidarity. deen,alivc.

nurtured through suffering and struggle andhopesshared.closely linksthe neooleof Guinea with theother neoolesofAfrica.This is not iusta .dinlornatic linkbe- tweenone State- andanother:it

~aooliticalandmorallink be- -een theworkingneonleof Gui-

"\and thelives and anti-t:olonial- andanti-imperia liststrugglesof workers and peasants of ica. Bythisvery fact, avictory 1~iudeoendenceanda stride for-

ward;r.~de in GuineaisalsoII

victorv for thewhole of the Afri- 'ca npeople.

Evervone understands on this point that theheroicsacrifk~of

onemake oos~ible the oeaceful

victl'lrY oftheother. Thesufferinl!~

ofthenet1!lle of Algeria.orof South AfricaOrtheCongo are painfullyfeltbvGuinea. Everv event in theCon gohas itsun'·

happyechoes in Guinea.Itwasin

• The Positive side is that the national Liberation struggLe dominates all others.

• .The Negative side'is that the struggLe lor

t~e

emancipation 0 / the expLoited

- ~

classes has been made secondarv. But the sociaLdemands 0/ A/rica's workers can no . Longer be pu t off.

Sekou Toure declares :

Guinea's ' "Human Investment"

B uild To Beat Of Tom-Toms

NEWAGE

XMASEVE DANCE

Watch fordetails!

$fMFl i P~/,L )'OSEC!

r"

T rue S ons o nd Doughters 01 South Africa

E HLE SPE S M AS U E TS

Barbed Wire B etween T hem

The Not So Artful Dodger.

AN ~

w"o

l<.NowrttOV"

GRAiEf Ul.'(\\fYAR,E, The firstfive daysthetwowent hungry astheyhadno pots, plates, dishes Or spoons. Ramafoko only hadonesmallpot and plateand only enough food forhimselfasthe exiles are given only£1 lOs.a month in foodand lOs. cash. The twoZulu'shadto buy kitchenuten- silsinsteadof foodwith the£2 given to themwhen theyleftNon- goma.

Driefonteinis so deepin the desert that when youare sick you cannot get a doctor, and you cannot gotoVrybu~wheneveryou wish (ormedical attention without first 2etting permission.

TRANSKEI TROUBLES ThethreefromtheTranskei are Vincent Vumisa Mbabama, aged 76, and WilliamTyab ash e,aged 66.

bothfrom St. Cuthbert'sin Tsolo, and Chief MagadeVelelo,aged 63, from Nomalalocationin Tsolo.

The trouble there started with thieving anddrinking among.the young peoplewho organised them-

~~~~~s :;~ ~i~~~·g. ~~ne~~~eli;~~ ST~~~t~~~da~a~e°'?o~oC:~~~~ef~~ I &a~~E~E~~~

sponsible.So the people started to IImeetingaddressedby-Basutoland TheBiggestand Brightest organise themselvesto preventthe Congress Partyleaders and at last Ever!

thievesfrommessing around with the meeting was held- despite theirlives and property. steady opposition put up by the

Thisstartedasfarback as1950,Collegeauthorities.

butit became worse in 1956.There The Collegeline was: Communists weretwo opposinggroups,theone cannotbe allowedto poison the

led bythethreewhoweredefending mindsof the students. 1lJ5:~~~~~~~~

thepeopleagainst the thieves and But one day this month the news drunkards. On April24.1960, they reached thecamnus:theBCP lead- burned down Chief Velelo'shut. Oners have come.-

~~:~~d

³⁰

d~~~t.herT~~C~i:f w;~~

Students rushed tothe boundary annoyedandreportedthematterto of thecollegegroun~sto greetthe the police. Congress car,andWithbarbedwire The fighting broke upbeforethebetwee nthestudents on the one policecame and, thoughthe chiefSIde and the BCP speakersand sl}P- pointed to thosewhom heknew to portersonthe other,themeeting

be culprits,there were no arrests. started. (Continued frompagel)

~::~age~~t~~i~~a~~i:~n~ci~.o~hoe~~ S3:it::~~~t~r~t~~h:~fe ~~ ~:~:~ ~~r~~re~~dor~m~a~s~uth

^African

of thethievesordrunkardswere ke bao bua! (Here areyour child- Delivering the CODmessage Mrs.

arTh~dth~e~e~~:~d.^{taken bytheren,}Father Mokhehle,Speakl) P.Levy saidthat although the In- policeto Umtataand then sent by CHURCH FIGHT ~~a~h:e~:;:lo~~en~O~Yi~~i~e~o~nUt~~

train toVryburg. Mr.Mokhehledealt with recent theyhad receiveda slap in the face .LIK~A.FURNACE events in Africa. Hedescribed howrnreturn. . Driefontein IS the hottes~ <i;nd the Catholic Church had always Dr.W.Z.Conco, speakingon be- driest_plac~in the Vryburgdistrict,fought Patrice Lumumba in the half of the Africanpeople, com- especiallytnthesummer,when evenCongo.InBasutoland,he said, the mendedthe Indianpeopleforthe thenightsarehot.One.cannot find Catholicswereagainstthe BCP be-contributiontheyhad madem this rain water evenin therainy~easo?s, causetheysaiditwasled by non- country.The wayaheadwastough.

andthe people rely OnwindmillsCatholics. Butinthe CongoLu- Everyonemust unite tofight for

an~~~:'~2tob;e~y~f~e~r

^{on horse-}

C~thgltc C~sur:h T~l~~~~\i~~t ~~ ~i~~stbe:td~~,alltMri~~n~~r,,}~er ~~

back is an ordeal and one is burned showedthecatholicChurch was are all Africansnow." . bythe sun before one Eets to the reallyfighting theliberation move- Dr. Concoreceiveddeafening ap- end of the journey. The sand,three mentagainstoppression. piause whenhe. saidthis.

~~ s~~~l~h~:so::e:a=ott~afi:°.:a~~

^Pointingatthe.College buildings,

bu~gr~~%;e~ta~i:hOf ~g~o{o~~~~:~

foot. Mr.Mokhehle said that the freedom Committeeappealedto all parents roJ::e: xg;s

b~;be~n ~~~d~~~Ss~~er~ fr~~eth~~~~fu.people

had to come

~~~ ~~~~:~li~rt~~ S~i~l~g~~h~~ln:~

on a cement floor, winter and The studentsapplauded vigour- Lenasia.

summer. ously asMr.Mokhehle ended his Afilmshowwillbe stagedat the Whatcan we do? theyask.What speech with the cry: 'Africa must Gandhi Hallduringthe week as part

is Our future? befree!' oftheceleb rat ions.

IRST ONFERE CE T I LAB

ITTEES

Delegates Scored To Talk T o Press

From Fred Carneson

CAPE TOWN.

~~t:{;~i:~1 ~~~l:o;lti~e°anc~i:~~k~~

T:e~abt:u~h;f ~:~ :t~~~ ~~Iih~fRA}~i;aa~ ~o~~~~t,ee:ith~rb~~

conferenceof Regional Native ~i~~~tofwages or generalcondi- LabourCommittees endedhere Among the itemsappearingonthe on Thursdaylast with the pro- ag~.nda wer~ ~h.efollowing:.

dalucti0stn 'Iofta very small and

agit~~ers ~c~~I~~erarjtis~tt~~~~iS~:

mo Slen mouse. tions'"

Afte! threedays ofsecr~tsession "Wha t protection canbeafforded thebriefpressst~tementIssued by to Regional Committee members Governmentofficialsmerelystated when contactingworkers.(Identifi- that "a report ontheView., ex· cation.)"

pressedat theconferenceWIll be (Theagendadidnotspecifywhe- submitted to the MInister of ther the protection was to be

La~~r~:tes, interviewe~

^{bv New}

~~li~~~)d

against bosses,workersor Age, were almostassilentasthe "Use of 'Bantu' periodical."(To offielalconununi~ue.Timidasmice,propagate theAct.) they..wereobvio usly fearful and Only one item appearedunder the SUSPICI~USofeach other."!he fewheadingof"General"-"Whencon-

~hodiddrop a_erum~of mf.orma. tactingworkers the importanceof

~kn o~er:::e~y:h~~~:~gs~o::~~~~~~:::es:~, productivity to be ove~their .shoulders, andelammina The delegates all returnedhome upimmediatelysomeoneelsecame immediatelytheconference(thefirst

near.AfewIacts-s-andFEW FACTSa copy ofthei

_

..

n;;;;;n~in:;;;;e~ ye:;;;;ar:;;;;S);;e;;nd;;ed;; . ;;;;;;;;;;;;;_~"_;;;;;;;;;;~

- . .

~--P;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;';;;;;iiiiiiiiii-':""'

iiiiiiiiiii_ _

"';;;;;;;;~1

~~~;~~.agenda-did, how e v e r HoWAN'fONCwt'\oKNOWS"

ro~th~~~~o~~i~~; ~eJeXf~f~a~r~::~~ ~OW

^{MlJCtlW€All.EDOING}

unions. To this,Governmentofficials ~O~THEPON Do, replied tbat theyrealised that recog-

nition wouldhaveto come butthat

"the time wasnotyetripe."

• Proper discussion on wages was short-circuited by thechairman on the pretext that "the matterwas receiving Government attention."

• Membersofthe Regional Com- mitteesare notsatisfiedwith the£1 they receive for attendanceatCom- mittee meetings.

• The active workonRegional Committees isdonebyGovernment officials. Appointed African mem bers are onlycalled on to dosome- thing whena strikebreaksout, Their jobthenis toexplain the Act totheworkers andtry topersuade them togoback to work.

NO EXAMPLES Althoughpressedto doso, none of theRegionalCommitteemembers

"What Is Our Future ?"

NEW AGE,THURSDAY,NOVEMBER11, 1960

5 EXILES ROT IN DRIEFO TE IN CAMP

From JoeMorolong Zulu's to Driefontein. A Durban VRY BUR G. attorneywas consultedto defend THER E are still about five them,.but. he wasbanned from men exiledinDriefontein, aaPt~a:tnt~~n ~~~g~~~.^{by alocal} cemetery for thedead alivein magistrateat theirhomesand served theYryburgdistrict, Two are with notices ordering.themto leave from !'latal and

t~ree

^from

~~n~5,mi9Jg)e f~~I1~~;~fo~~rn.(~h~;

TsoloIDthe Transkel, did notgo as orderedand so they The two Zulubrothersare Phi- werearrested,putinjail and taken kinganeZulu.aged 56.and Nelson awayfromNongornaon January Mthabeleni Zulu,aged 41. They27.

weredeported from Nongorna,near Theirwives broughtthemcloth- Vryheid, inJanuary1960. ing,blankets andpillows.butthey It was during the upheavalsin had no kitchenware. They were Natal when the peoplewereprotest-guarded bytheNcngornapoliceup ingagainstthelimitationoftheir toVryburgand the Vryburg BAD stock and fields. The fieldsof oneCommissioner's police were on man weredividedupamongst many guard up to Driefontein.

and fenceswereputup whenthere ISOLATED wasenoughlandforthe people in When they arrived they found thearea.Thiswasdoneunder the only the old manMr. Ramafoko so-calledBettermentScheme. fromRustenburg and Mr. Matlala DISPUTES fromPietersburg. Thetwospoke Thepeopleconsultedlawyersto Zulu,sotheywereable to converse defendtheir right tothelandand together. but the peopleinthe livestock and thisled to disputes.neighbourhood speakTswana and Some wereputin jailand others so they cannot communicate deported to variousplaces,thetwo together.

NEWAGE, THURSD AY, NOVEMB ER17.1960

~ The Indianskept their partot the hal gain. but Smuts did not and 3,000 Indian s, constituting one third of the total India n urban populationofth e Transvaal(prac- trcally every adult male) burnt their passes intrad itionalAfrican three-legged pots, and resumed their struggleata gathering in Pretoria.

dians. Severa l hundred werede- ported to lndia, and agroup ot such deporte esareshowninthe picture above. Thestr ugglewas in- terrupted for a brief perrod when Smuts calledGandhifrom priso n and offered to repea lthe Actif all Indians voluntarily registered themselves,

Passive Besista ce CalDpaig n egins

W\~~r, th~heen\r~~SV~~1~ B~~~

placed under the jurisdicti on of the British administra tio n. Faced withsome White public agita tion against Indians, the Governm ent sought to restrictthe sizeof the Indian population in that colon y and brought inameasure to stop all future Indian immigra tion to the Transvaal. Indians alrea dyset- tledhad to registerthem selves and carry passes which bore whole handprints as identificat io n. The Indians, led by Gandhi, launched a passive resist anc e struggle against the Act in 1907 .

Thi sled to the arres tand im- prisonment of hundred s of In·

an d t he F ormation of Congressll1

prolonged his sta y to fight it. fo rmed in 1894. In 190 2, the seen standing outsidehishut at during the Sta te of Emergency.

The India n people,who in the Tra nsvaal Indian-Britis h Associa - Phoen ix Settl em ent, durin g the Phoenix became once more a cen- past hadsought legal assista nce to tio n wa sformed. Ga ndh iwasthe course of the firstPassiv eResist tre of politica l insp iration when protect theirrigh ts when attacked, firstsecretar y of both organisa- ance struggle initiated in 1906 to Mrs.Sushila Gand hi,the daugh- now learntthe stre ng th of politi- tio ns. protest againstraci al discrimin a- ter-in-law of the Mahatma.went cal unityand organ isat ion . Tele- TheDisfranchiseme ntBill,how- tio nagainst Indians .Phoen ix.to- on a five-day fast anddaily hun- grams ofprotest and a petition ever, passedtheAssem bly.Indians gether with the Tolsto yfarm in dreds of Afric an s and Indians bea ri ng 10,000 Indian signa tures were disfranchised in.Natal in Joha nnesb urg. a donat ion from gathered inprayer forthe end of were sent to the Natal andBritish 1894.They lost tho municipalvote Mr. Kallenbach , a European the emergencyandapartheid.The Govern m ents ,followed br perso- in tha t Province in 1924. . They Gandhiancompatriot, beca me the last day wasclimaxedby a mass na l representa n o ns by Indiandele- havenever had the vote In the centres for passive resrsters. The meetmg ofthou sa nds of India ns gates. Th e first Indianpolitical Tra nsva aland the Free Sta te.In first Indian newspa per , Indian and Africans.some ofwhom had organisatio n,in deedthefirst Don- the Ca pe abou t 1,000 Indians exer- Opinion,establishedin 1903, was kept a night-lo ngvigilin the hut, ,WhIte political orgamsatio n,the else theMunicipalvote. publishedfrom Phoenix . before WhIChGandhistands in this Natal Indian Congress, was Inthepicture above, Gandhi is Recen tly on May 31, 1960, picture.

NEW AG E , THURSDAY,NOVBMB ER 17.1 960

Enlry Inlo III Colftme..ce

INc~~~~~~? Ig~~~~s ~ar~~~

gardening. ha wking and fishing (see picture onright) , and in all these enterprises tro d a litt le on the toesof whi te competitors.It was,however, withthearrival of passenger Indians, wh en Indians set up shopsalongsideWhite sho p- keepersandbeganto enterindus- try and commer ce. thatanti-Ind ia n agitation becameacute.While in- dustr y could not do witho ut Indian indentu red labour, the small whi te traders wantedIndia ns to be segrega ted to their own areas or return ed to India onthe expiryof their indenture.

SomeInd ian swent toth e Tra ns- vaaland asa resultof apetition by the burgers to the Volksraad a law was passed in 18&5restrict- ing Ind ian residenceto specified areas on gro u nds of sanita tion . The law, however. wa snever clear and despitethe subseq u entpassing ofthe Gold Lawin the ea rly 20th Century restric ting Ind ian land ownership on the goldfields , In- dians succeeded in expandin gcorn- mercially in theTransvaa l until the pass ingoftheTrans vaal In- dia n Asiatic Act during World " -- - - '- War 11and more recently the Group Areas Act.

S ome Relurned H ome, M osl

Siayed O n

A

FfER 10 yearsso me Indians , taking advantage of the free passage , returned ho me(se e pic- ture on left). Themajorityreo mainedin the newco unt ry, too asha m edto face theirho me village as fai lur es. Thousands applied for thefreeland gift inlieuofa pas- sage.Lesstha n ahundr ed receive d it.Theybeganto leaseland, seek- ing a fortune in thetillingofth e soil.In the hearts of manythere dwel ttheho pe of an eventualre- turn,butthe hope fadedwith the years asmeagre incomes shattered the dream s oflandlessserfsre- turning home as minorzamindars, Today the Indians are South Africans,fiveor six gene ra tio ns in the countryand the mostindige- nous section ofthe populationin Natal. Mo re India nsare born and naturalised inthatPro vinc etha n any oth er section of its pop ul a- tion .

Enslav ed in Na tal, and pre - Klipt own . Themagist rat ehadno vented fro m bettering their own

~he~~tscoa~~f;in\~~~~~ui~fne~hi~~ living conditio ns, the firstgroup was tha t women on the mines. ofreturnin g Indianslodged the ir complainin gof beingunwell. were co m pla ints of bruta l cond itions

~:S~ei~~e~~i~fa~ea;~s~:' tI%o~~~h:;

^{before the Indian} Gov ernmen t wasfined for breaking the law whichthereaf ter refused tocon -

~hi~~ ::;a~eg~~~~e~~~fl~rd~o~~~~ ^{tinue with the} inde ntur esyste m

plaints. untilsome reformmeasure swere

Ramsamy,in Mooi River, was undertaken.

nailedtoa wall andwhipped, then tied totherafters of a roof and

~!!

~v~:e:a~nt~o~:d~.ac~h::Snf:~r~~ G dh ·

escaped with his wife and child to

an I

complainto the Prot ecto r ofIn- dian Immigrants. His employer go t

~~a~~~p::::.e~~~h.bd~~e~~io~~:~~ INH;89:0~~nd~id~:;;eat~ ~;~~~i

:::fJ

y::~le~~P:~:~i~~te.^{and hIS} p~ejud~ce ^against th~ .In.dia ns.

Med ica l attention wasscant y- Licensing officers discrim inated many employers procrastinatedto against them and th eraising of avoid the meagre hosp italisation the educatio na l standa rd required

~~~p~t~~tli~ye;~d ~:~ededo~oa~~~lr~ ^of immigr a nts prevente~^alarge

pretsicknessastru a ncy,fining the number of passenger India nsfrom wor ker s a sixpence or ashilli nga enteringthe country. The intro- day for absence fromwork. duction of the first anti-I ndia n

wa~h:reS:~~~o~~e h~~,t~4~:

Bill in the Natal Legislature co- higher than in India at tbe time. incide dwithGandhi's visitand he

M°J;;.tl~;edh~nInt~i:n~a:eerfie:~;

(see pic tureon lef t)- so me on the tea planta ti ons-someontherail- waysand themines in Northe rn Nata l. Instea d of thestipulate d9 hours .they were made to work for II. Quarters were inferior . pa r ticula r lyontheteaplantatio ns where the Umhlatu zana and Urn- bilo Rivers were pro ne to burst their banksandfloodoutthearea.

In 1905,a major tra ged y occurred with hund redsof wo rke rslosing theirlives.

No sanita tio n and no latr ines were pro vided and med ical officers of healt h continuallydecla redthe huts un fit for human habita tio n.

Ra tions were unsati sfacto ry and sometimes emplo yersrefused to su pp lyadd itio na lration s for the wo rke rs' families. Red ress,while possible, was not alwayseasyto secure .Magistra tesand the Pro- tecto r of Indian Imm igrants did not understa ndthe languageand a passwasnecessar y from theem- plo yer before a worker could lea ve theestate. Whipping was commo n place.

In 1906. 150 men and women walked 24 milesto lodge their com pla in ts with a magistratein

I Lab o... Cond ition s Were Awlul

INDIA N CENTENARY FEATURE, 1860 - 1960

This week the South Afric an Indian co mmunity are celebrating the centenary of the arrival of the first Indian indentured labourers in Natal on November 16 , 1 960.

The history of Indian settlement in South Africa is an amazing story of courage in the face of hardship and adversity; str uggle against discrimination; ach ievement and triumph despite all obstacles. With the Group Areas Act hanging over their heads today, the Indians face an uncertain future. But their determination

to

win through and their confidence in the future are greater than ever before.

On this page we present some of the scenes from the fascinating history of the Last 100 years. Further episodes wiLL be publ ished next week.

at the rate of ten sh illi ngspel month,with a rise inwage ofa shilling per month pe r yea r.

featureswere a sixday week, nina hour wo rking da y,no choiceof employer, no freed om to leave their plac e of work with ou t a

pass. .

Women were als o indentured, fo r thissystemof "em iar a tio n" re- quired that there sho uld be a"re- presenta tive slice" emigrati~ to the newcountry.Thusit was cum- pulsory that each"sh ipm en t" in.

eluded35 to 40per cent women.

Womenreceive d half the waEe of men. Child ren were alsopressed into serivce and were paid accord- inJ:to their age.

Attheend of five year s.the Indian swere promisedequa l citi- zenshi p righ ts and it was this factor, combinedwiththeallu ring sto ries sp un by the recruitmg agents of a country runn ing over with wealth,which inspire d the India nsto set out onthis ad ven - ture.

INTn~~v~~~e~ict~~~\b~~~) ~.~:

cho red off the South Beach.

Durb a n.'bringing the firstIndian s toSo u th Africa. With theaboli- tionof slavery in 1833,the prob - lem of labour in the newly developi ng colonies had become acute. Thefa rmin g potentialin Natal,whichhad becomea British colonyin 1843, laydormant.The economicconditions of the Zulus settledin the reserveshadnotyet det erior a ted to the point where they were forced to sell their labo ur for a mere pitta n ce. Since 1834, a new form of slaveryhad replace dthe old,and India,under foreign domination . became the chief supplier of indentured labour.

The Ind ia ns who waded ashore in knee-deep water in 1860 were the firstindentured labourers to arrivein Sout hAfrica.Theyhad cont ra ct edto workfor five years Ra ti ons and qua rters and a free passage were thrown in. Oth er

III THE FIRST SHIP ARRIVES III

NnwAGE, THURSDAY.NOVEMBER J7.J960

*

FOR varied reasonsastormhas arisen over the SAR's pro- misetoprovideanapartheid bar for us Culludsatthe new apart- heidrailway station. Some are flaring upagainst another apart- heidamenity,whiletheladies are concernedwith increaseddrunken- ness.

An elbow-exerciser whomI ran into the other day wasnot per- turbed.

Quoth he: "Whothe heck is worried aboutapartheidbars on the railwaystation?Bythe time they finish thedamn stationwhite supremacy will havehad it, and we'll ALL jolly-wellgo inthere and havea spot."

• Cheers!

ALEX LAGUMA.

laris brinl:ing themreliefdoUars.

*

AND theNEUM's "Torch"also hadaha'pennytoputin the kitty. Sniggering at somebody's commenton"the peasantrisings"

in Pondoland, it trottedout the stock adjectives-"episodic and non-principled and fragmented and opportunistic."

Whathappened to"herrenvolk collaborators,stooges, quislings'?"

• Must'verun outoftype.

'PIl~~I~~n~f * y~~in:'o~:;tb:~

Miriam Makeba's latest. It'sa wow!

*

SOMEsageshave hinted that the revolt of the Pondos coin- cided with thesupposedsighting of mysterious submarines off our Eastcoast,

And upinPondoland tribesmen who areboycottingBizana busi- nessmensaid: "Now those traders who started therumouraboutsee- ing Russian submarines will have timetositonthe seaside and watchformore,"

• Theymight even see a Po- MAYBEshe should be more pitied than blamed, but third-place Miss World, Denise Muir, seemstohave gone to that global fleshfeast withsome of thatgoodoldSouth African guilty

conscience. .

Saidshe when told that there were twonon-whites amon2 the judges:"Well,I supposethat lets me out altogether."

• Tsk. Tsk. She must have thouKht they'd be inOuencedby the more import:lntvital statjstics from her harn edhomeland.

*

A ND while friend Stanley Lollao gotan out at th~

Voice of SouthAfrica Johannes- burgauditions,a,brother-in-law of yours trulygot an inhere in Kaapstad.

• Whatsamat ter, Jo'bur g ? Don'tteDmethey've decided now that people's voices come out black, too?

N STANDS BY

OF VIOLENCE

e R

ALLEGATI

TREASON TRiAL

to achieve national freedomthrough unconstitutionalmethods, one must be prepared to facedeathand im- prisonment.This wasthesortof conductwhichwassubversiveand which nogovernment could tolerate Hesaid thattheANCadopted the Programme of Actionbefore the Witziesh oekdisturbances andbefore the Stay-At-Home in1950. "You cannot sayyouhavecompletecon- trolof thesituation ifyouembark From Robert Resha andsafetyofthe State?asked Mr. that thefreedom it was fighting for Mr.Trengovesaid that accordingon"Ifnc~~~tit~~obna~~ m~~~~ds'a ^pro-

"NOTMHOIRNEG CDAO

~Gi~Oe~, Tr~egO~~d

that the argumentthat

ili~~~:h~~f~: ~~fte

being waged

~f ~~~d~~~i~~~~h;:~:~, ~e n~e:~J

^grammewhich has certainpro ba ble b k at n MostSubversive Document monopolyindustrx,must beowned

~~~::qU~:~~qt~:~c~~.lawThoeU i~~~

NOTHING CO UL D BE

f~her~~~lye~a:~er~!s°~e~~~~ o~~ois

^Mr.Trengove said thatthe Crown by the

~ople.

^{Vfearenotcon-realisedthat}for this type ofaction MORESERIOUSTHAN THE confidentthat theStatewill not wouldsubmitthatthePresidentialcef!le~,w~th the Justness.? f that they hadtoharnessthemasses. This

~~~I~1ATa: O~f~~V~~ ~~l~~/~~:n~clnt~ ~~~~ ~f l~~~tion, ~~1~es~00f fr~~0~~n~~~, ~o ~~?t ~~~~meS~ld ~[h Ttli~gO~~Pl~ti~~ ili~s cl~~t~~:~ \~[O~~st c~ ~~~pr~~~

HANDAND THE MASSES .Dealing with the policy ofnog-

~~t'i~~s~Ie~o~~~~s~t ~'ethdo~~~ :::c~n?~f i~cra~da1s hth~ge h~~d~ ~:~~es}'O

^{use force} against the ON THE OTHER," SAIDMR.

:~~~~~~t ~rtJ:e~;f~~~es~~att~if ~h~

of Europeans You can only achieve

J. J.TRENGOVE(FORTHE activitiesof the AfricanNational

'~~~~n ~£ehefo~~~ o~f r~~~~ti~~g a~d

what the

Fre~dom

Charterwantsif Non-Violence

~isleading

CROWN)WHEN HE SUM-Congress shouldbeseen against the

f.~~~: i~f /;~l~e~frl~n~ ~~r o~f:; ~~l~o~~~~:eW t~i~ s~~::n't~OUd~~~ vi~e~c~T~~~gj~:t ;a~10g~~~tIt n~~;

MED UP THE POLICYOF ~~yli~~ngOf s~~~;~:~:nc~fa~101:~:~ • bodiesof the Europeans mislea dingtchavea sloganof non THE AFRICANNATIONALshouldbe discarded becauseit was

co~:~i~~e~::~~l~~l~n

^J:e

d~~:~:

"There may.be

ma~y

peopleviolence when

you~ me~hods wer~

CONGRESS INARGUMENT inconflictwith the policyof non- also referredto atrocities alleged to amongstthewhitepeople whomay unconstitutio nal,Th ispolicy of non- IN THE TREASON TRIAL violence,was rejected by theCrown.

rnavKe~~~ ~~~~te~k~~:t1?~~~is~ ~~t~v~~~hy~~ ~;n~~t ;0;utl~i11~t:~ Vll~~C;u~~eu~~~~~~~'let's

^consider LAST WEEK.

~~ s~~t~eo'iron~~_e[~l~~~~d :~af~~~

^thepurpose of detailing the atroci- thosevotestotake away theland, the questIOn.of VIOlence. ,What The Crown argument has whatthis organisation didduring tiescommittedbythe British?The industry,the~nesand the banks would happen If there\yasaVIOlent beengoing on for two weeks theperiodofthe indictment(from

~f~~~c:i1lss~irr;;:e~:~ ~~~ ti::Ss~~ Mr.En~~:~e~11l

support that,"said

~~~~db~:S~~~? ~he pgi~~~ ~~fntu~~

andit will be anotb.er thr ee

0 ;

19;'2wteo plr905060}s·eto demonstrate that 11Iori . Consequently the ANCknewthat I[theANC couldachievewhatIt

~en~c~nsWt~~fo~~lh%e~:~.~,arkmg they couldonl;achievethesethings wantedbynon -violencewhy must

~:ur~~~nt~efore

^Jtconcludes

~~~bl:-~;l~YandO; ru~~~~~~~~t~hei~

^Hesaid that inKenyathere was through overthrowing the presentIt resort to vlOl:nce?

TheCrownallegesthatthe indi- thefat is in thefire, theycould a warbetween constitutional autho- system, throughseizure of power. ,Mr. Trengove-.The ANC must be vidual accused conspiredto over- standbackandsay'ourpolicy is rl'nitgYfareneddothmeaPned<Jpthlee

wAhNoCwSeurpep~oeretekd'

^To

pr!v~I~~ ~fe~:Ceraimed

^at

JU~~~ !P;e~~~;elt th~'

referred the

throwtheGovernmentbyviolence. non-violence'." Cu t t d t It b

The Crownundertakestoprove that Mr. Trengove saidthat when one

~~em~~~eA~C ;~~~ ~~e~diJr~; ~~~~;d f~~m P~':~m~~n t~:nJ~af~

^chief

L~uii

ⁱⁿ

~hkhn~e :Ji'ct h~ di~

eachaccused knew thepohcv ofdealt withthe ANCone hadtohave what people understoodthemtobe constitution of the ANC. In this notknowwhatwasgo~~~tohappen theAfrican National Congress and regard notonlytothe official docu- saying. Theymust not be judged by memo it was stated that the aim ofto,him,It mightbe.ridicule,rm- inpursuancethereofadheredto the ments but to themethods used by what theysaid in1959 and,1960 for the ANC wastheseizure ofpower pn sonTe nt,concentrationcampan~

co.~w~r~~r~geandwe stand by that ~~~v~N~i:o~~~~~re ~: mT~~~g~~ fear of theconsequences. inthe shortestpossible time against ?Fathd Hedquotedotherpas~iliges.

allegation," said Mr. Trengove, quoted.from.

C~ngress

^bulletins,

wh~h ~~~n1~~ili:::df:~~ ~h: ~~ thH:i:~i~f~~fs; ei~~~ :~~t~~ki~~ bl~~~ °a~d fe~rs:,ot"W1ffi~g,;;sS o~;

~'~~~~%~,ac~:e:y~~e~e~~over-such as.,Inyam~? producedin the of theANCwasto persuade the power againstthe will ofthosewhosuffer and die,for freedom, These Mr.

JUS~

Bekker:

O~~the

Crown

~:f;svaa~ec~:~afr:~odX~~ lyo~W~, el~~torate

t.ochangeits.mind. had powerand not through the

~~~a~~~rhTns~~'n;;~~~ ~e~~~~n~~er

goingtoprove thatthe policyof Leagueo~gan.~"Afrika"and "Afri- twe:~e~h~~tu~~it a~:efu~c~~C~1~~ti~~;':~b:~S~~\~heth~fvfu~~ Congress told thepeopl~that they :~;~:?organisations is oneofvio-canLodestar. present to the world and what they haveto hahdover, thatis seizure.~ustbe prepared to fightanenemy Mr. Trengoves Yes,myLords, International Liberatory dohere. Let, memake thispoint They can'tcarryon. They either ~o~tnt~ai bl~~re~rtT rd;~:nst~~

butthepolicyis not writtenin their Movement clea r :T!tepolicyof~eANC"ls to haveto 1,ight, tothe death ortheythe ANC wouldn't 'ca:e it th~lir constitution.

gOrn~' ~re;rg~v:e :~de~~t~;c~w~t:~

^bring

t~:o~~;tti~tk~:es. ~:;h~l~tr~~~b~i ~~i,e~~~o~i~ ~~l~ ~f~~~ it~~ th~iid:~~r~~~t.

^would

Mr.

Tre~~~~:ai~n:::tt

all autho- international liberatory movement. Mr.TrengovesaidthattheANC

f~ ~VOld~d

^{If those10powercapltu-} There was a discussion on the ritiesstated thatthere mustbea The ANC propagated tor peace

~~~~~seJopeb~l~~idaanrit~~~gh~:~

^{a e}

u~~~Dstitutional

^Action

sig~~c~~~tlc~fB~~~e::cWg~n

^{do you}

:~:f~:t ~ht:n~af~~ :~d a~~c~\~~t~~ ~~~o~~cu~~~ec~~~~~~~~\~~ ~~oi~

propagate that duly constitutedau- Dealing with unconstitutionalsuggest there wouldbemass action?

theState.Massdefiance of laws~oncel?t of,peace was bou!idup th~1Jr h~~enoOfi~~~~~~da, Mr. ~~~~~~:~~-r:;nl~ti~~e~frrf34~0::~~ m~~s ~::n:e~~~. Assoonas the

~~rt~r~~~~ t~~ cG~~~~~~~~ ~~m~ tlf~h.~~~[~t1~n;sT~ivtct~C i~~~d it::~

^Trengovesaid, was spreadamongst said thattheANCrealised that they Mr. Justice Bekker:Onthe basis knees. Organised by somepeople hostilecamps,It?ttackedone ca!TIp }~rm:t~~~or~ti~~~~oer~iJ'ac~n~~~ :~~~n~~~titY~;almae~of~a~f~~~ :~~~ g~?theevidence,.whenwould that

;~~~tthhav~n~~le~:eb~~~~htreO:[~~ ~~ri~li~a~-~;;g::~i;~ c~~sP'pr~~a~~d was fightingnot only oppressionbut means whichwould involve loss0 Mr. Trel12ove:I wouldlike to suppress lawlessness,canthere be to plungethewor1~mto a,conflagra- alsothe economicsystemin the life. Theyrealisedthat if onehal deal withthat later, MyLord.

anyclearer exampleof an action tion. The otherItde~cllbed::s.a country.They weretryingto destroy calculated to endanger the security peace-lovingcamp.The ANC said a~~emTrengove said the Crown would submit that theANC de- nouncedthepresentStatein order to preparethepeople for anew societybecause unless themasses were aware they couldnot begeared into action.The masses weretaught thattheActofUnionwas the root of alleviltowhichthey were sub- jected.They weretaught that South Africawas acapitalistandimperial- iststate.Itwasgoverned by a mino- rity- the ruling class-and that ruling classin thiscountry were the whitepeople. The ANCtold its people tohold the viewthat neither ofthetwopoliticalpart ies wereany goodforthem. Thedifferencewas that betweenapick-pocket and a thief.This typeof educating of the masses was not consistent with merely protesting agaiost certain laws,TiJeywantedtosmash the State.

Free domCharterRevolutionary Mr.Trengove said thatthe Free- domCharterwouldchange the posi- tion inthiscountryfundamentally, sociallyand politically.Theyknew thatpeople'sdemocracy was adiffe- rent type ofstate from that of the western democracies. The Crown wouldsubmit that the ANCknew verywell that it was not merely askingfo~'the franchisebut for a state where exploitation of manby man wouldbeeliminated,politically and economically.Itwasquiteclear that theFreedom Charter was a revolutionary document not merely inthe~enseofbeing different from the presentState'butbecause of the economicchanges proposed in the FreedomCharter. They realised that' it wentfurtherthan the "African Claims."

Indian Youth F ight Ghetto Vursity P lan

DURBAN. issue a clarion call to parents,

A ~ch~ore~~~~~nt~f o~~~~~~edhi~~ ~~~t~h~t~~~~~s:~dI~di~~e~~i~~r~?t~~

thiNatalIndianYouthCongress,a

fU;;~~ s~;:ort~::nS~ChP~edcg~1 ::~

resolutionwasunanimously adopted offerourunstintil12services to any condemning the proposal of the committeeor orl:anisation that may Governmentto establish aseparate be setup to workfor sucha boy- tribal university for Indians and cott called byourparentorganisa- welcoming the "strong and unequi-tion," statestheresolution.

vocaloppositionto this newapart- Mr.GeorgeMbele,former presi- heidthreat" expressed bythesenior dent oftheDurban branch of the organisationsof the Indianpeople, African Teachers'Union,who was particularly theNatalIndianCon- expelled fromthe teachingprofes- gress,theNatalIndianOrganisation sion forhis uncompromising fight and the Natal Indian Teachers' againstBantu Educationand was

Society. subsequentlyappointeda full-time

Supportingtheproposalmadeby organiserof the now bannedAfri- thesebodiesto callan all-in confer- can National Congress,warned the ence of organisations representing Indianstudentsthatiftheyaccepted allracialgroups to discussways and this tribal Indian university they means of fighting this measure,the wouldsound thedeath knell offree Icsolution callson the Indianpeo- educationand itwould notbelong pIeandalldemocratstogivetheir beforeaBantuEducation-type of maximum support to thisconfer- schoolingwas introducedfor Indian ence "so that a united frontagainst childrenas well.

this undemocraticthreatto free and "I am certainthat you will get unfettered education forall could the fullest supportofthe African bef'stablished." peopleinyour struggle against this CLAR IONCALL

:::~~~~. ~~rs:~~n~f~:~::'Ss~:voewe~~~

Thestudents urged the sponsors cation,"he said.

of the conference toconsider the Other speakers included Mr.Alan establishment ofpublic-aided,multi- Dick,auniversity student,and Mr.

racial universities in conjunction Eric Singh. Secretaryof the Natal with universitiesin London,and to Indian YouthCongres~.

NEWAGE, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER J7.1960

Millio naire U. S. Pre sident-Elect "UNBREAKABLE FRIENDSHIP"

Mao Tse-tung.

in theirjoint struggleagainstthe enemy.

"This unitytmitmderg onethe testof history-andwUlinthe future withstand theti·ofhis- tory. In ail circumstances, no matter what~reatstorms ordiffi- culties mighthappenin theworld, peoplewiJiwitnes ,thaitheeight hundred and sixtymillion people ofChinaand theSoviet Unionwill alwaysstand together.

"Thestrengtheningof the unity between China and the Soviet Unionandthestrengtheningof theunityof the socialistcamp headed bytheSovietUnion are the mostreliableguaranteefor the people ofthe world in strivingfor peace, democracy, national libera- tionand thecause of socialism.

The Communist Partyof China andtheChinesepeoplehave all alongsafeguarded and strength- ened this unityand areconfident that thisunitybased onsocialist principlewill assuredly be further consolidatedand developed."

• Further greetingstothe So- vietUnionwerecontainedin a message fromMao Tse-tung and other topleaders of theChinese Government who declared that China wouldnever forget the sup- portandassistancetheyhad reo ceived fromthe SovietUnion.

• Meanwhile in a soecialarti- cle entitled "TheSolidarityof the SocialistCamp is theHone of Mankind" Madame Soong-Ching Ling, widowof the greatdemocra- tic leaderSun YatSen and now

~~ed~ft~~ef~ilc;~~~~m~~i~t~t^China,

"Theimoerialistshave failedill every attempt to causea riftin Sino-Soviet friendship. They win never succeed inthis or any other baseplot to sabotacethe solid unity of the socialist nations.

Takingthehistoric Moscow Decla- rationof1957 as our charter.the Chinese andthe Soviet peopleswill and mustwork furth erto enhance ourfraternalcohesion,must spare no labourtostrengthen inevery way the entiresocialistcamp.

"Aboveall, wemust preserve thepurityof ourscientifictheory againsttheassaultsofthemodern revisionists, and thereby ensure the triumph ateach stageof the strugglein ourglorious cause 'to opposeimperialism. safeguard the peace andsecurityandpromote the progressofall peoples.This soli- darityofthesocialist camp with the Soviet Unionat thehead is thebeaconlight for allhumanity."

n

Khruschov.

three categories of peoplewho fearedEichmann's revelations:

• Officials who served in Hit- ler's Ministries.

• Industrialists who collabo- rated withtheSS inthe ex- ploitationof Jewish property.

• Political collaborators in countriesonce occupied by the Wehrmacht, and now linked with the GermanFe- deralRepublic by NATO.

The "Spiegel" disclosed that the American magazine "Life" had purchased Eichmann's memoirs butthai Ihecontract containeda specialclause promisingto omit the namesofailEichmann'scol- laborators who had not been brought to justice.

• The Chinese reciprocated withequallywarm greetings to the SovietUnion on theoccasionof the OctoberRevolutioncommemo- ration.Throughout China celebra- tion gatherings were held on November7,thethemeof which was the 2reat unity whichexisted between the Soviet Union and China andgratitude to theSoviet Union for the assistance which it bad given to theChinesepeople.

Theprincipal guestat the MoscowOctoberRevolution cele- brationwasthe Chairmanof the People'sRepublic of China,Liu Shao-Chi, whodeclared on his arrivalatMoscow airport,where hewas greeted bySoviet Premier Khruscbov:

"The Chinese people heartily thankthe Soviet Union for the tremendous assistanceit has ren- deredto theChineserevolution and construction. Everlastingand unbreakable friendshipand unity have beenforged betweenthe peo- ples ofChinaandthe Soviet Union

• Duringthe October1cele-

·brationsinChina the Soviet Am-

bassadorin Peking conveyed warm greetings from his government to the Chinese people and paid tri- butetothem andtheirleaders for thetrem end ou~contributionthey had made andcontinued to make to thecause of world sociali5m.

Soviet and Chinese Leaders Emphasise Close Unity

CHINA:SNational Day on October1and the 43rdcele- bration oftheOctober Revolutionin the Soviet Union havebeenthe occasionfor emphasis by the leadersof both countries of the close ties which bind them.

Who Pays Eichma I. aw,e.. ?

~I~;~~ ~~~m:i~ ~i~leE~mfl:~

defence of topwar criminalAdolf Eichmann when he appears before an Israeli court next year,the West German news magazine

"Spiegel" suggestedrecently.

The magazinereportedthat the WestGerman ForeignOffice had

"given its support"to Dr.Robert Servatius, Cologne lawyer. who had demanded a fee of 100,000 marks (over £8,000) to defend Eichmann, Hitler's chief Jew- killer. Eichmann's familyhadbeen quiteunable to raise sucha sum.

DR. SERVATIUS' MAIN TASK WOULDBE TO SEE TO

IT THAT EICHMANN DID

NOT NAME

ms

ACCOM-

PLICES. Tho "Spiegel" named African LiberationLeader

Poisoned.

by

"RedHand"

Terrorist Group

THE

French Fascist orga- nisation, the "Red Hand" had poisoned him, said Dr. Felix Mountie, Cameroons leaderinexile, justbefore he died in Ge- neva,Switzerlandrecently.

Dr.Moumie went into exile when his party, the "Unions Populations Camerounaises"

(UPC),wasbanished by the Frenchin1955.His colleague, M.ReubenumNyobe, started

fgug~~d~i~houSk11l a~~l v~~~~^{(((\- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .} said a recentrenortin the Lon-

don "Observer."

Thedeath ofDr. Moumie cameat atime whenthe revolt in the formerFrench trustee- ship territory was gathering strength. He organised con- siderable financial and some militaryhelpfor the rebellion against Ahidjo'sFrench-domi- nated puppet Government in the Cameroons.

The "Red Hand"is a secret European terroristorganisation dedicated t0 destroying

"France's enemies" and Dr.

Moumie had for along time beena targetof their hatred.

• The murder of Dr.

Moumie has meantthe ross to Africa of oneof itsbest SODS,a man whosparedno effort in the cause of the totalliberation of our con- tinent.

Jack: New Bottle.

The decline instature of the men who fought forthe Presidencyis perhaps a measureofthe decline of Americain the world today,a factor on whichKennedyrelied to a greatextentin his criticism of the Eisenhower Republican Administration. The following figures show howevenin Western EuropeU.S. prestigeis atan all- time low.Pollstaken by theU.S.

Information Service after the collapse of the May Summit meeting showed:

Oninien in Britain inFrance

U.S. ahead 12% 25%

Russiaahead 55% 40%

No difference 33% 35%

(or no opinion)

In addition,reportsTime magazine, a surveyheld in mid-June showed that in all except one of ten countries selected, a majority thought thatRussia was aheadof the U.S.in militarypower, and would be further ahead by1970.

Kennedyhasnow dedicated himself to the task of overcoming the drastic dropinU.S. prestige.The Russians are confident that it is a questionof svstems, not personal- ities.andthat as longasthe U.S.

maintainscapitalismit will con- tinue to besurpassedby the so- cialist Soviet Union in one field

after another. lYs:::~============~~I

THE MOST STRIKING FEA-

TURE OF THE ELECTION WAS THE POORCALIBRE OF THE TWO CANDIDATES.

"NeitherKennedynor Nixon seems impressiveto millions"wrote the U.S.News and WorldReport, whiletheU.S.Nation commented:

"Neitheracts like a President. nor lookslike a President,nor suc- ceedsin convincingmany voters thathe is motivatedbvanythin~

exceptintense personal ambition."

U.S. DECLINE

wasto declare that Allen Dulles, brotherof the lateJohn Foster Dulles and head of the U.S. Cen- tral Intelligence Agency,and J.

EdgarHoover, head of the FBI,

A ~E:'~:3~~tY:;r:h:nU~~:: K~nr~ ~~Il~rsmi~~er~~o i;asth~ ;~~,r~:~dst~elrJS~ts~e~fS~o\ic~

Statesof"America

w:~ I~der ~i~r:e~~ncs~ci~li~~.PI~a~~sh~I~~;~; :ttr: ~g~ee:~1

^ilib:TIt

Xd~r;is~~~

of the free world Elsen- thatby giving U.S.capitalisma tionwho have distinguished them- howermust now pack his new lookandbypushing it with selvesby their dedicated adher- golf-bags andmake wayfor thesame ruthlessdetermination enceto the Cold War.

the new President of the t~athis fathershowedinamassingKennedy's retention ofthese2 U.S.A., 43-year-old million-

f~s f~~~~h in:nd ~~I~ilmS;t~v~~~~~,~

^men

!s

not

~rprising.

^{in view}

aire's son Jack Kennedy. attempt to become Democratic of hisconsistent failure to

D~1i;~eth~e ~~~~id~~~~

^repeated

qbi~ ~~~:~d~h~a~c:~f~:at:~tf-u.~n

^trJ;

~:ic~~~=:'h;~te

^notorious

that neitherof. them;Oe~fd ~in,ⁱⁿ through~utthe world.. Kennedyhas also stated that he in- fact Democraticcandidate Kenne-Kenn~ys first declarationsas tends continuing withthe arms d~nosed.out hisr,lva~,the present President-electhave done no- race.and in fact criticisesthe Re- V~ce-Presldent •Tr~cky" DIck thingto create thenew image publican Administrationfor not NIXon,andassured himselfof four of theUS which he promised spending enoughon arms.

years officeInthe White House. to do " In his first statement onforeian It_mentis

sig~ifica

on Government

nt

that his first state-personnel

k~l~d~~:rer~~ n~~:~ing~C~e~

idea,and in factemnhaslsedthat hispolicy wouldbe-oDeof"no change" from the sterile cold war approach of recentyears.

ADLAI?

It

~i ~~~~f~: ~~~:ek~Yw~~~ ~f

Secretary of State.Ifbechooses Adlai Stevenson, then the pros- pectsof negotiated disarmament willbe greatly enhanced.

Stevensonhasduring thepast few years shown a farmore realistic appreciationof world affairs than didDullesor his successorHerter.

Kennedy hasoften been reported to bekeenly interested in the problems of emerging Africa and it hasbeen said that hisAdmini- stration will give considerable backing to the African liberation movement. Africans, however, will hesceptical aboutvaguegenerali- tiesandwill want to know whe- therKennedy will:

• Continue to supply arms to the 1r,::::::~:::::S~===~~~~ French forthe Dirty WarinAl-

geria;

• Continue to support Portuguese colonialism in Africa;

• Grant aid without any strings whatsoever;

• Take an active stand against White domination in South Africa;

• Withdraw U.S. support for Colonel Mobutu and M.Tshombe in the Congo.

Unlessbedoes take apositive stand onissuessuchasthese and unless he stamps out racialisminsidethe

U.S.

it- self, Kennedy willfiod that his regime,farfrom halting the decline of U.S. prestigein Africa,willseeitsaccelera- tion.

I E HE TO STAND B Y

CO 0 WAR?

NBWAGE THURSDAY NOVEMBER171960

P UBLIC -_ . ~- - - G

"SUPPORT THE PE qn"

XASANI -

BANQUETINGHALL, OWN

SUNDAY,21

at I

ALL' ^\

hsuedby Con.

I

PONDO REPLYTO S TARVATION

T HREAT

"We Wi ll E ven Cut lobola Pr ice"

PublishedbyReatPrIntingand PublishingCo. (pty.)Ltd., GBarrackstreet,Cape Town and printed byPioneerPress (l'ty. )Ltd.,ShelleyRoad, BaIt River. This newspaper isa member oftheAuditBureauof Circulations.New Ageoffices:

Johannesburg:102ProgressBuildings,154CommlilSlonerStreet,Phone22-4626.

Dnrban:602 LodsonHome.118 Graystree t,Phone 68897.

Port Elizabeth:20Court (''hambers,129 AdderleyStreet , Phone45796.

CapeTowu:Room20,G BarrackB'.,Pboue1-8787,Telei1'&Pbla Addrelll:NlI&le,V.f.

Human Interest

BENDINGTHETRUTH TheWhiteweightliftingunionis at its oldgame of twistingfacts about its colour-bar policy. The chairman of the non-racial W.P.

Union, LennieGreen, hasreplied effectively.but an official statement fromthe Federationmust beissued.

Thetruthis thatthenon-racial bodieshave been prepared to c(}- operate, butOehlev and Co.have insistedonapartheid,

And the questionofpoundagh will neverbe settled till the lifters compete together.

IT ISA FACT mAT WHEN

GAFFNEY WON A WHITE

TITLE wlm 615 LBS., PRE- CIOUS MACKENZIE IN THE SAME MONm DID 670 LBS.

*

^{Non-racialboxing inthe Rhode-}

sianFederation is goinggreat guns.A very successful tourna- menthas iust beenstagedand anotheris due soon.

*CongratulationstoRichardNo- goaion winning the Transvaal Men'sSingles TennisTitle.

*

^The suggestion byP. Kwaza (NewAge last week)that the rugbypeople sendoutatouring team is worth considering.SASA

hasthe overseas contactsto get

1--::-:-::-:--:-:--- - - - -- -

itstarted.But weneeda united non-racialrugby federation.

*

^Atthis stage NewBrightonare the onlyunbeaten teamintho E.P. Federationcricket

Sportsf/ashes

WH AT'S

In fact the UnitedStates still has great reserves and only if everyonedidtrytoexchange their dollars at the same time, would shebe in very seriousdifficulties.

In fact,thisisunlikelyto hap' pen.TheU.S.holds £6.600 million worth of goldtoday.Sheis also entitled to draw an additional

£714million from theInternation- al MonetaryFund.

DIDNOT REALISE It is obvious that thepeople did notrealise thisfact whenthey panickedat the lossof goldre- serves (£50millionaweekforthe lastsix weeks).Ontheother hand, there are many people holding goldand gold shareswho would gainif the price ofgold went up.

In otherwords, theirshares would be worth muchmoremoney.

Itis difficult tosayto what ex- tentsuch peopleh~velliayedon the fean ofthe lesser infonned, and haye succeededin startinga fearthat thllreisinsufficient U.S.

gold.

Such ascare results in the price of gold going up and this is what has beenhappeningin thelastfew weeks.

Thc gold pricewent up to 41 dollars anouncefrom 35 dollars.

In otherwordsthevalue of the dollar droppedinrelationto gold.

So farthe U.S.Governmenthas refusedto recognisethis,and has still been selling gold at the official priceto other centralbanks.The United Kingdom appearsto be supportingthis U.S.move,and the priceof goldhas droppedagain.

Whether or notAmerica willbe successfulinherefforts to keep the !,rice of goldsteady and not to devalue the dollar is,at the moment, anyone'sguess.

We wouldn't advise you to speculate!

TheCommunist Party ~ained 100,000votes more than it. polled in parliamentary elections two years ago.Inthe local elections one in every fourItalians voted Communist.

The Monarchists and neo- Fascistsdropped by238,000 votes, and the extremeRight ItalianSo- cial Movementimprovedmainly in provinces and in the backward South.

OLYMPICS:

THE SCORE ?

RACING AT ASCOT

ORGANISATONS of the Left made considerable gains in therecent local elec- tions in Italy.

Socialists and Communists gaineda majorityin 17 municipal councils,whilethe Christian De- mocrats, the Government party, sustainedoveralllosses of almost one million votes,emergingwith 40.3per cent of the votes.

The combinedstrength of the four parties which support the ChristianD~OC""ltS.however, re- mained unchanged.

The~;ialistspolled 14.4 per centof the votes, intheseelections

BADDEBTS?

Traders. Businessmen: Send usa listof your slow accounts for collec- tion. Write P.O. Box 4593, Cape Town.

I-

^SCOREBOARD"'

IJ §

THE Olympic camps havecarne horne:from the recitalof theI ~ . become

ho~sing

^schemes;

~~~~Pli~ o:~~ ~U~~~dd~~:di~r:.f ~g~ _ ~

httle

t~ace

remams of the 17th pageantryand ritualstir the heart \-bRECORDER

"I I I ~

Olympiad. And now thatthe of participantandspectator alike . V . ~

d~~r;:scf:~~l~~'

certain features

~~~ ~~~ i~~fl; ~i tt~ee ~e~r~~~ti~~~iis 111II1I1I1I1II1I1I1I1I1I1II1II11II1I1I1I1I1I1I1I1I1I1I~1I11~

*The OlympicGamesis still the fire the heart afresh. FromM.P; Naicker tohelp Mr.Ganyile,who wasre-

~~~l~:st f~~~ti~te sP:r~~~~I{ i~ ~~~

^an:

:~~eth~nwYcl~: safiro~e btf~~~ The R esults

DURBAN.

ili~~e~etdi~~~fe~:e:i~~v~uc3r:eastt~

tadium of the sacred Olympic And as extra sports(e.g. Judo) are * In terms of the results,there TI!E streets ofBizanaare stillf:~il~~Odbye ^tomembers of his :~':bethf~rstel~~~~i~n mr~~~~; ~~g~~~d.others will have to be are these features : deserted aftertwo weeks of

1---=--- - -- -- -

(a)

r~; ~~~~ ~~pt;~ ~~i}~~e~~~~es t~e

^{mosteffective}boycott orga-

Message

(b)TheU.S. suffered a crushingmsed by the Pondo people.

defeatat thehandsofRus- Traders are compfaining that

r E -I

. ~ u ·n1 :J . L EFT G AINS IN

sian athletes. . theyare losing thousands of

rolft XI e

I

(c)

:7~h ~~'n~a~d~e s cho~:'~tI~~~~ts

pounds in

~~iness.

(Continued from "age1)

(d)

~~~~~ ~~~e ~qe~~~I~oir~~P~~~ bo~tt d(~~O~:ow:t~:dN~h; " EX~Tf"

^{WILLNOT CHANGE}

ITALIAN ELECTIO NS u.s.,

that the Garnes

~re

^be- Age) is slowly being put into This message from Mr. Anderson

~~~In~e~OOo~~tlO~~l~~~~; aa~~force andLusikisiki and Flag-Ganyile reached New Age four days for provincialandmunicipalcoun- "soft". . . staff are,beginning tofeel the

=~~~d t~ithP~:~o~e~~rt~:::r o~::

cils;the Right-Wing Liberals, Left (e) South Africa faredmiserably, effects. to Frenchdale.

Wing Social Democrats and Re- Onthea~mls~lonof atop "MYCRIME"

~~itcans

shared another 11 per

~:~: t~~la~hOUldos~of~h~e: we~kib~we~e~st~: t~a ~r~h~y ~:: ~h:isp:~~ag~fM;~n~~rl~~ h~:~

beensentbecauset~ey^sllmplx~~W[~~:i~ti:n;ri~~i~~d~~:d~r~YC~:~ ^{committednocrime}in demanding

~h~. ~~~ ~idw~b~ut

^c

G~~t

^released.

~~e~ ~:I~~i~~lis ~~~hIit~~e ~lkd

(f)

~~~~W~~t:h~t:I~~~;')were

^do- TRIBE ANGERED

ili~~el{h~iti~ ~~ ~~~IC~rfr:~lh~~~

minantIDmanyfields.IftheprJ~~edfivlas~ea~:~~,~~e~

iliC:;

~~d committed. Icould notdo otherwise

~~~roe:ater n;~~iti::dwo:r~

^lost their appeal in the Eastern

~:i~ ~he~ea:i~h~~h~~~felJl;n:St~

havebeen pathetic. t~~~it~c~o~iv:~~onrigh~~~etat~P~hci~^{could. •} casetothe Appellatedivision, but Tothose whoknow me I msb to bail was refused pending their makeItcrysta! cleartbat thebar ba-

appeal. rou~deportati~measure brought

As usual,theGameswere full of This has furtherangered the tribe aaainst me Will not change my human interest, and heartbreak accordingtothe visitill2tribesmen. character.

ld d

^{stories, "Whydoesthe}Government refuse . «;OMMUNISM

Yo ur Go Is As Goo As

^{* SouthAfricansfoundRussian} bail when we voluntarily handed ItISahe to saythattheneople

~i:le~~5rg:~~~~pl~~e~n~ndliest

^(see

:;:~~~asl~~~;:, :st~~ :~:i~ri:~~ ~~;::U~~~~~dWh:n b~I;~'b~~sl~1 t~~

M G es s 1

^{* An} "unknown" Abyssinian men. SP.ecl~1 ^{Branch arrested me they}

y uess: :tO~h~h:ta~d:r~~iJ~ ~:~~~~~ ~~~:~J re~~ti~g ~ffi~esthf:r ~h~c~~~a~ffie~~~ ~?d;ht~~~~~~i~t~VingO~0~30~~d~

T HERE has been much excitement on the Stock Exchange lately

aro *un~.l~~ tJ~~ri~~n;~ilapsed.

^T'wo

~~glie~~h~i~~;ani::ti;~:t~~~kt~~~ ~~ura:;:;s~~I~ne(rf~o~' p~~ed~:=~d

as theprice of gold went up, and theman inthestreet has been . aft h df f b f

wondering what the uproarwas allabout.Somebodywas getting

~'~e:b~~kestob~i:k ~~ ~a:.e

^then

r;l~~n~~i::d h~ ~~l~~Yok~cruiting PO~dOS)'S wil~ ;~~~r.~~en~: ~;ai;.l

richH~:eS:i:~:C~:1 ~~~e~::e:::~s

out the puzzleforour readers.

m:'n:lmt~eR~:::iuh~

_timeforagold medal.

~~~ic~:; fiZ~~~ inexrh:s~ff'ecti~~~~~~teof

boycottandsaidthat asthemes-^{cthi ;}logy, all

Z~c~~~i~~t~~s goc~I~~~~n~n1e:i~~~

thosefightin gfor freedom

N:to~hf~ile~ceheU~ad~P~i~t~icu~:i. ~:~ S~~~i~y~or~na~~em~\~e~ri~~sd ;~flo~~;.~fIn;~l~ i~n1hem~~a.~~~ ~f

Said Wilma: «Ray can't fool me. the sugar fields would returnhome. Communism, T donot hesitate to

rne~~.tr~~~ J~in~lai~sf~e:?oI.

^{ButI STARVATION}

~EAT ~~flla~~m~~S~fC~m~~~~t~n1st

^and

TheOlympicswere a triumphfor In reply to .a question asto DON T MOURN.FIGHT

~f:ic~ f~ii~a.cration.

^{Only South}

~~i~~:[n t~he;:sl~~e~oiJdsuac~or~r~~ P~;olar::~ieT~is :~enopeti~~ f:~

numbers returnedhome andwhethermonminofor me lind manv others this wouldnot lead to starvation inwbowillstillbevictlmisedby this thereserve,thespokesmenpointedunjustGoYemment. Thetim~is to out that theywereessentiallya pea- re-dedicatevoursefftothe freedom sant populationand depended forstrul!'e-Ie.Itill yournrenaredness and their livelihoodon the land. ..ingleness ofPUI'!JO'iein yourfight Thosewhowenttothe mines and for freedom that will liberateall the sugar fieldswere mainly young- the South African exiles.

sters who needed the money to Do not follow the 'Hamba purchase cattle forlobola. Kahle' zroun whichis fil!htingfor

"Ifthe problemarises, we shall thereturn of the dummyBunga.

make a call to the fathersofyoung Thoseare Government agents trying brides-to-be toreducethe number todivertvour attention fromthe of cattle requiredfor the purpose right road.'Of course thev willrome of lobola,"they added. toyoncrying crocodiletears. These HELPFOR GANYILE arethe neop.'e whodaily cru.cifv .The Durban

Manaegm~nt

^Com-

Ch~ist~e~~i~sisl~~~~~i~t1:th ~e~~~;;

mlttee of New.Ag~has Issued an Letus not lagbehind.Freedomis in appea l toorgal~lIsatlOnsandsympa-your hands.

thlsers to contrIbut etowardsafund FREEDOM-ORDEATH!

Thefollowingare Damon's selec- tions for Saturday:

Juvenile Plate (Fillies): NUN'S VEIL.Danger, Solina.

Juveniel Plate (Colts): SAIN'I1 MAU RA.Danger,Mundane.

Owners· Handicap(2ndDivision):

KHAYYAM.Danger,Claudine.

Tigervale Handi.cap: INVARDAN.

Danger,Preacher.

Progress 5: ROYALFUN. Danger, MissParee.

Maiden Plate(3-year-olds):BLACK RO D. Danger,Centre Piece.

Progress 9: MANCHU. Danger, Tropical Park.

Ascot Handicap (2nd Division):

TOP PACE. Danger, Herald's _Fancy.

Americahas been too generous with financial assistancetowar- ravaged Europeand under-deve- loped countriesin order to keep out Russianinfluence. Thishas resulted in a serious drop in America's dollar and gold reserves.

GOLDRESERVES Because America had such strong gold reservesthe restof the Western financial world wasconfi- dent that any dollarsthat they held could always be changed back to gold.With the large amountof gold leavingAmerica for Euronean, Asian and African banks.peoplethenbecameworried thatif-everyone tried to exchange their dollarsfor gold, there would not be enoughgold to go around.

-