Barumsaa fi tltilGrials fIevenby frQf.F1l"th (Dept, oflt.linguistics).Prof •. Oole eftbe U~iver$itw .of tlle TtJitwaters~andj .. yaadannoo qabatamaa qubee voiee 011n rukutame. Akkasitti Kanaaf TOlae laotonically dha dhimma leJlrieGfl ykn dlctio:t.lary, garuu kan tlae.hadi tOllS m~ play Et pru .-t seerluga sadarkaa himaa" garuu tJile gaheen intona,tion .bl tone l.angt1agas yeroo hunda daangeffamaadha.
N6'vsl'however tIae Bantll languages are our languages;t1lS ;"tolle is signifieaJ!lt at the syllable l.level both lexically and. which 1.l'l'l'vestigon tot'letie fae.tsiiJ'i; th a point of view to abstract those differences that are. l'he fo.rmeJ;' Jaas study is derived from irof. j'}ium!): logic is tlae study which seeks to systematize. Not only thte QPplicat.i·ol1e p:dncicples of phem.eme in mas s (t)f pil'0 ;:m.etie.taet.s the manufacturer a d.iferent l'6SUti for each laNgu. ~e.
1:0 Sl1lJl up, just as phonology can be described as the study 'Of the sound system Oll.
CHAPTER 11
Doke says that "the tonology Qf ZlllU is s.uclJ. that a very detailed series of studies is very important"., '!' his study is 01'16 of these studies. TUCKER ra.:takes a contribution using .aJJ; Article. llLL Bulletin of the SOMol of Oriental and Afl"ic'aD Studies. Prof .• Tucker applies the toneme principle to the toneetic facts. his object is a method of tone-marking the 'Ws¥ of So reanetien to tOllemes,. The method of investigation has been the careful am~al .. analysis 01' specific sentences prepared to include nouns of different .. tonal types and of different colonal contests, disyllabic, monosyllabic and tl. 'isyllab;t<'\i. in subjee.t alldobjee:t pesi tiol';tS and infina1.. andNatal. )10 illstT'Ulllental analysis of these sentences has been made.those,.which i;JVGTl:. il;:a"bio:n is not "gonetic but tonological, to which .. the human enT' is not only necessary, but euLiclent, a.s dist=~netions.
In TfTon6, La:nguageslt Pike points out that instrument analysis is not very useful in two areas. It is the relative pitch of 'hones' that is significant, Mt theabsoln te pi ten. 2) The i; thosev:a'£yunder different circumstances.,.The complete meaning of an i The characteristic illtl)D.ation of the Zulu se11tenee is the 'gradual lowering.udrif"G of tone. The latter is a tendency rather than the invariable rule of the follower, a tendency which depends on the spe,ed of speech and on the position in the sentence. Not only are these variations inside. teneme, or changes from ~1lloto:ae to the allotone, but t1161"e are also ohangs from .toneme -to toneme. neutral syllables) bea:cs a lexically or gr8Jllmatically significant tone.f does not mean that tGne is a fixed feature of the syllable in the sense tha.:b a certain syllable always carries a partial toneme. See point A2). Note the consequent use of the 1'ulen that two high notes cannot follow each other at the same level]" which operates with different results according as an awl. At the lexical level, the fact that two high tones cannot f0110\'J oneanothsr at the same level causes the name of the last syllable of the names of a certain tone class (II--LH) to change from high to i low:" when the tone of the first syllable "Ghe" changes from low); .. to high "high allotone") due to "gonal shift". By "applying the tone principle611 Zulu tones can be reduced in three. toneme$~ and by applying this s~e pl~t:t principle the 'wide variety' of tonal forms can be reduced to a specific number of tone patterns. This form tont:ll ~ be -the largest representative: l"l.;a~Uve member of the tone pattern,. but each pa:t.te:t'l1 tone has many variations.,. as it has the tone of the sun. The last two syllables of an Illonesyllable noun contain part of the prefix, and of a three-syllable noun outside the first syllable () of the root, the tene of which is not significant. Where -the 1'i1"st syllable of thellO'tll'l prefix is tonally neutral, the tone of that syllable becomes low on inf'1eetion. the first syllable G. £. Ull'lU~i ~ziD J . is: 11igh and the first syllable of the prefix nOUll is therefore high in t Withnou:us ()f Tone class IV tb. a principle of polarity dictates that the toneo!:i the first syllable of the prefix is high). The basic p-.t'ineiple underlying the tonerll system of Ztllu is the principle of pola:t'ity fully explained in nfr116 Metaphysios of Zulu Tonologyf*., A rootHng of this p:rinciple is essential to UllGtEll'starllling of to tan the operation. of the rules and. processes ·of tQlIl8'.l .. the magnetic high pole ancit the l£1op-magnetic lOid pole, and the OOl1lse- quente ton&.l at;traetio:n tm"ral'cls the magnetic pole aB~ tonal repulsion. Tlw principle of polarity &eterin1es the rnle tI'lat tW$. .. the "tonal repulsion DEli;'Wea:n tones of the magnetic high pole.. l'h:i.s situation is eomrn.Oll witb t~' . m0,fl0syllabic nouns, anllii perhe,ps show the Bxistand of tOli):all'&pul$d.~n beiilweeili -~~e.soft magnetic pole more eleeltrly thma the ether e:xaro.pl.e.lh,. As to.t "the lexical level, the principle of polarity llleteZ;lllllll the rule t;that two high tones caJanQ'c follow each other on the same .. is r!jdse<'i in pitch by a. process of tonal tiissimilatiola et high toes" because of the tOl'laJ. repulsioJa betws,and showsSGf the maglilet:ie pole \A5). 6xterl1lU to the to.llal system" is due to the fact that a syl1ab~e. TomcaT dupli .. . eatioli of Et high tone gi vas l'is6 on an exception to tl:h3 ru.le tha:c tt.Jo high ·bor'.\esC8Jn10·~ follow one araothe:r 0):1 the same plane, but see that the seeG.nalll high "!sons l~tJt ~ are. lexical o}' gratnrmatic sigl9: if'i- cannot high tone but SiIllply a high tone by tOl:ml €luplicatioll of the first majorI1 -tone, it is qtdte h l hou:l.ng 1,Jith the principle of polarity .. rhe characteristic rJ.mmclrU't i~tonatj.oI:l of Zulu p:N)eeeds by melltrlS of a series of €l0i"n1steps that take place both "Jithim '\wrds anti between \vcrcils. Thus we can say that i1l:tonaaiOlll" am extrinsie pm-t se!rtenee" @letermine€:i "with internal syllabic toses eo-i the constituent worlds of the sentence. tone from beginning to end 'S611rtemce can be reached by these two reigns. i ) DI:H.Jl!1-step rule: Each 1OH tone marks a pitch step or a new tom level. Here there is usually one high tone at each pitch, and that high tone is lower in pitch than the previous one. on :iJti.- "1ffluence of certain consonants, ani grammatical tONe.. tone is the tone on the prefix a.n« li>'Ufixed syllables, 1\)h1ch is the meaning;nt i19. It is subject to the influence of certain consonants" the low effect of voi(led cCl1sonants tmd the effect of raising the voiceless ejective. Ton6 Glass names I and II with z-pl'fixes are sometimes difficultJG ~bo distinction, as in rapid speech 'the to:tlal form of fin.aJ. Z"'pl'e.f'ix nouns of Tone Classes I and 11 cannot be distinguished in fast speech fl'Ol1l NOUllS of Tone Class IV as to:o:&1 shapei Gt the last syllable of ClO , "Nhich is You, in all cases" dlsti:ncti011 is shown however" not only by the tones of the noun prefixes whiM ' are LIt for ,f'ol'ller nouns and Ht :fOl~ last nouns, but by the behavior t <::lllal in prefixal inflection" In inflection 'from t.Jle additional prepositions,ixes and tc~e ffeopluatlveIf prefixes, tonesal'e prefix 1]. Tonal behavior hm-18 vel' , shm~s se form!' nOWl belongs to Tone Class IV and the name latte:c. The similarity in tonal form is due to the 101.~energetic effect of the voiced consonant in the first case and the 1;,0 raising effect of the voiceless @ljeetive CQi:liJQnant in the latter case, but the lighter tonal patterns are KL and L1 l" in particular. These examples clearly show that "~ here is never any doo.bt regarding the tone class of the noun.TONES AN» ,TONEMES-
GHAPTER IV
JorJ?b,,;tog
