Die Utrecht Work Engagement Scale is gebruik om die werkentoesiasme van die maatskaplike werkers in die steekproef te meet. Laastens is 'n gesondheidsvraelys gebruik om die gesondheidstatus van die maatskaplike werkers in die steekproef te bepaal.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
What work and personal characteristics may be associated with burnout and engagement of social workers in Limpopo Province. What is the relationship between the physical and psychological health of social workers experiencing burnout.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
They argue that the core meaning of burnout is best found in the physical and psychological exhaustion that characterizes emotional exhaustion. It is against this background that the researcher wants to find out the factors that contribute to the burnout, tension and dissatisfaction experienced by these social workers in the province of Limpopo.
THEORETICAL ASSUMPTION
METHODOLOGY
L ITERATURE ANALYSIS
E MPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
- The research approach
- Research design
- Measuring instruments
- Data collection and analysis
- Sampling procedures
- Procedures
- Ethical aspects and how they were managed
A coordinator was appointed for each district in the Limpopo province to facilitate the distribution of questionnaires to the offices of the Department of Health and Social Development and to NGOs and the return of the questionnaires. A list was compiled of all registered social workers in the Limpopo province employed by the Department of Health and Social Development and NGOs and copies of the BATES scale were sent to all social workers on the list.
DEFINITION OF CORE TERMS
Avoiding Harm: Strydom warns that respondents may be harmed physically and/or emotionally. The research was only a study which limited the chances of either physical or emotional harm.
CHOICE AND STUCTURE OF THE RESEARCH REPORT
Reducing job resource loss burnout and job exit for professionally trained social workers in child welfare. The effects of workload, role ambiguity and social support on burnout among social workers in Turkey.
EMPLOYEE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE LIMPOPO PROVINCE RELATED
INTRODUCTION
This article is part of a larger investigation into burnout as experienced by social workers in Limpopo Province. Work stress has been observed among social workers employed by the Department of Health and Social Development.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
No differences were found in the levels of burnout according to different age groups in the research group. The research question is therefore the following: What is the relationship between employee characteristics and burnout and work engagement of social workers in Limpopo province.
THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE ARTICLE
Sadeghia and Khezrlou (2014) did a study on the relevance of sociodemographic variables on burnout among teachers in Iran. Alparslan and Doganer (2009) conducted a study on burnout and sociodemographic characteristics of midwives in Turkey.
LITERATURE OVERVIEW
- B URNOUT AS A WORKPLACE PHENOMENON
- W ORK ENGAGEMENT
According to Hakanen et al., emotional exhaustion refers to feelings of depleted physical and emotional resources and prompts actions in the individual to distance themselves emotionally and cognitively from his/her job, presumably as a way of coping with overload. Maslach describes burnout as a psychological syndrome associated with a prolonged response to workplace stressors, involving chronic tension resulting from an incongruence or misalignment between the employee and the job.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- R ESEARCH APPROACH AND DESIGN
- R ESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
- M EASURING INSTRUMENTS
To achieve the goals and objectives of the section of the research reported in this article, a biographical questionnaire, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for measuring burnout, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for measuring work engagement were used. . The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003) (Appendix 1) was used to determine the levels of work engagement of the respondents.
EMPIRICAL DATA
- S OCIO - DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS
- M EAN SCORES FOR BURNOUT AND WORK ENGAGEMENT
- R ELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
- Confirmatory factor analysis: the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory
- Confirmatory factor analysis: The Utrecht Work Engagement scale
- S OCIO - DEMOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES FOR BURNOUT AND WORK ENGAGEMENT OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE L IMPOPO
This means that there were insignificant differences in the levels of work engagement between the groups of social workers in the sample who were still on probation and those who were no longer on probation. This means that different levels of education did not make much of a difference in the work engagement levels of the social workers in the research group.
DISCUSSION OF THE OVERALL RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH
There were differences in effect sizes between the different groups who worked different numbers of hours for work engagement as a whole. DISCUSSION OF THE GENERAL RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH It was found that the questionnaires used to measure burnout and work engagement. The distribution of the workload of the organization among the available social workers will also be an important variable as well as the nature of the tasks related to his work.
This part of the research provides a broad and interesting overview of the effect of the selected socio-demographic variables on burnout and work engagement. It is advisable that directors/supervisors of each welfare organization undertake an assessment of the socio-demographic characteristics of their social work workforce.
CONCLUDING REMARKS
This part of the research provided valuable and useful information about the effect of socio-demographic characteristics of the social workers in the population on both burnout and work engagement. There do not seem to be consistent patterns between the results of different research studies conducted on the results of sociodemographic variables and burnout and work engagement. The data collected in this research can be used by supervisors of NGOs and from the Institute for Social Development.
The socio-demographic variables or characteristics of the social workforce of any organization will change over time. Burnout and work engagement levels in community pharmacists in three counties of the UK.
WORK CHACTERISTICS RELATED TO BURNOUT AND WORK ENGAGEMENT OF SOCIAL
THE PURPOSE OF THE ARTICLE
- T HE JOB CHARACTERISTICS APPROACH TO BURNOUT
- The Job Demands-Resources model of burnout
- T HE C ONSERVATION OF R ESOURCES T HEORY OF J OB S TRAIN
- T HE J OB D EMANDS C ONTROL M ODEL OF J OB S TRAIN
- T HE J OB D EMAND -C ONTROL -S UPPORT MODEL OF JOB STRAIN
According to the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model of burnout, the characteristics of all jobs can be divided into job demands and job resources. Job requirements are the job requirements that the employee must meet. Job demands are those aspects of the job that have an effect on the person's functioning and job performance.
The job demands control model of job strain focuses on a particular aspect of the interaction between the individual and the work environment. Karasek's Job Demands-Control model (1979) assumed that a combination of high job demands and low job control produced job strain.
JOB CHARACTERISTICS, BURNOUT AND ENGAGEMENT
- J OB CHARACTERISTICS AND BURNOUT
- J OB CHARACTERISTICS AND WORK ENGAGEMENT
- R ESEARCH APPROACH AND DESIGN
- R ESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
- M EASURING INSTRUMENTS
This can therefore form a basis for duplicating the research in other parts of the country. A cross-sectional survey design was used in the empirical research in order to achieve the objectives of the study (Grinnell & Unrau. To achieve the aims and objectives of the research described in the present article, three questionnaires were used .
The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003) (Appendix 1) was used to measure the degree of engagement of the social work respondents involved in the survey. In addition, correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the strength of the linear relationships between job characteristics, burnout and work engagement.
EMPIRICAL DATA
- M EAN SCORES FOR BURNOUT AND WORK ENGAGEMENT
- M EAN SCORES FOR JOB CHARACTERISTICS
- R ELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENT
- Confirmatory factor analysis: The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory
- Confirmatory factor analysis: The Job Characteristics Scale
- Confirmatory factor analysis The Utrecht Work Engagement scale
For subscale variety, one factor was retained that explained 53% of the variation in the data. One factor was retained for the autonomy subscale, which explained 76% of the variation in the data. One factor was retained for the strength subscale, which explained 56% of the variation in the data.
One factor was retained for the commitment subscale, which explained 71% of the variation in the data. One factor was retained for the absorption subscale, which explained 56% of the variation in the data.
THE STRENGTH OF THE LINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT, WORK ENGAGEMENT AND
Positive relationships of medium strength were found between disengagement and variety, relationship with supervisor, role clarity, job information, compensation and with promotion opportunities. Positive relationships of medium strength were found between power and variety, and relationship with supervisor and job information and promotion opportunities. Positive relationships of great strength and of statistical significance were found between growth opportunities, autonomy and participation in decision-making.
Positive relationships of medium strength were found between dedication and variety, relationship with supervisor, job information and advancement opportunities. Positive relationships of medium strength were found between absorption and autonomy and the relationship with supervisor, and job information and advancement.
DISCUSSION OF THE OVERALL RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH
DISCUSSION OF THE GENERAL RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH The questionnaires used in the research were found to be both sufficiently valid and.
CONCLUDING REMARKS
2011. The job demands-resources model as a predictor of work identity and work engagement: a comparative analysis. The job demands-resources model: a three-year cross-sectional study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement. 2001. The influence of culture, community, and overlapping self on the stress process: advancing resource conservation theory.
Reviewing the models of job demand control and job demand control: elusive moderating predictive effects and cultural implications. Growth requires strength and content satisfaction as moderators of the relationships of the job characteristics model.
HEALTH OUTCOMES OF BURNOUT EXPERIENCED BY SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE LIMPOPO
PURPOSES OF THE ARTICLE
- B URNOUT AND P HYSICAL HEALTH
- B URNOUT AND EMOTIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
Social workers in Limpopo province identify health outcomes of burnout experiences. There are not as many articles on burnout and physical health as there are articles on other aspects of burnout. Several studies have found a link between burnout and physical health, although there is a paucity of research on the link between burnout and physical health among social workers.
Tanner et al consider that the effects of burnout are observed by medically certified sick leave, while Ahola and Hakanen agree that burnout is associated with physical illness and predicts medically certified sickness absences. The emotional exhaustion component of burnout is comparable to the sadness and fatigue symptoms of depression and that depersonalization implies social withdrawal (Ahola and Hakanen, 2007:104).
METHODOLOGY
- R ESEARCH DESIGN AND APPROACH
- M EAN SCORES FOR BURNOUT AND THE HEALTH SURVEY
- R ELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENT
- Confirmatory factor analysis: The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory
- Confirmatory factor analysis: The Health Questionnaire
- T HE STRENGTH OF THE LINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BURNOUT AND HEALTH OF THE SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE
This shows that the psychological health of the social workers in the sample is better than their physical health. It showed that one factor was retained which explained 54% of the variation in the data. This means that there is a strong negative relationship between burnout and ill health of the social workers in the sample.
Certain symptoms of physical and mental ill health indicate the presence of burnout experienced by the social worker. This can be used by the supervisor to determine the health conditions of the social workers.
CONCLUSIONS
- G ENERAL CONCLUSIONS
- B URNOUT AND SOCIAL WORK
- S OCIO - DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS , BURNOUT AND WORK ENGAGEMENT
- B URNOUT , WORK ENGAGEMENT AND WORK CHARACTERISTICS
- B URNOUT AND HEALTH
The overall aim of the project was to determine the variables that have an effect on burnout, as experienced by social workers in Limpopo province. It was found that certain demographic characteristics have an effect on social worker burnout and engagement. Several job characteristics of social work practice contribute to burnout among social workers and can be considered job demands.
The same applies to the effect of the social workers' trial period in the study on work engagement. No significant differences were found in the effect on burnout or work engagement in relation to the time social workers in the sample had to travel to and from work.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The relationship between work-related burnout and depressive disorders - results from the Finish Health 2000 study. Job resources moderate the effect of job demands on burnout, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. Job strain, social support at work and cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study of a random sample of employees in Sweden.
2011.Safety at Work: A Meta-Analytical Investigation of the Relationship Between Job Demands, Work Resources, Burnout, Engagement, and Safety Outcomes. 2012. The longer hospital nurse shifts last, the higher the level of patient burnout and dissatisfaction.
