Submitted in fulfillment/partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master's Degree in Urban and Regional Planning, in the Graduate Program in the School of Architecture & Planning, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban,. None of the present work has previously been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university.
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
Cities were looking for areas to expand and the most logical process was to identify parts of the city that could be easily transformed. The extent to which waterfront developments can be considered successful varies depending on the context, the goals for that specific development, as well as the expectations of different stakeholders and the method of evaluation.
MOTIVE FOR THE STUDY
For purposes of this research, waterfront developments will mean all initiatives that seek to recreate the image of a city, to regain economic investment and to attract people to once abandoned, abandoned areas that use water as a key element in the design and execution of development use. The idea of successful waterfront development in the context of this research will be expanded in Chapter 2 and key performance dimensions will be examined in Chapter 3 to evaluate success.
STUDY AREA
Over the past 6 years, Durban has implemented the Point Development Project, which is a mixed-use development on approximately 45 hectares of prime development land, located at the entrance to Africa's busiest port. From its inception, the DPDP has been criticized for excluding and limiting public access to design and has been driven by developers without regard to public or environmental concerns.
RESEARCH AIM
The concept behind the Durban Point Development Project (DPDP) is a combination of waterfront development and urban renewal, designed to regenerate the south-eastern part of the harbor entrance. There is further concern that the project will not be successful in renovating the Point area.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
Additionally, there is concern that the project will not be successful in redeveloping the Point area. b) the extent to which the current Durban Point waterfront development is likely to succeed as an urban renewal strategy.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
METHODOLOGY
Reports: various reports undertaken by consultants on the Point waterfront were examined and findings extracted. The purpose of this interview was to understand his views on international waterfront developments and his criticism of the Point development project.
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
Unfortunately, the visit to the Dubai Coast came very late in this research, although it did inform some of the concluding arguments in the final chapter. As this conference was held late this year, it was difficult to include some of the case studies presented, but some of the findings from this conference have been included in the concluding chapter of this research. e) Case Study: Point Waterfront: The Point Waterfront development is primarily recreational but has residential and historic components and remains a working waterfront to some extent.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
The purpose of this chapter is to identify the key performance measures within each precedent that would form the basis of the evaluation in the final chapter. This chapter defines the plan, vision and concept as well as the early experience of the project in the regeneration of the area.
INTRODUCTION
However, in the 1930s, the United States was among the first countries to implement a national urban renewal program (Grebler, 1964). The growing demand for private waterfront residences is an important part of the "new waterfront" phenomenon.
PRECEDENT STUDIES
INTRODUCTION
STRUCTURE OF THE PRECEDENT EVALUATION
PRECEDENT IDENTIFICATION
The city of Shanghai, located along the Huangpu River, is the largest city in China and one of the largest in the world with a population of approximately 16.5 million (Marshall, 2001) (see Figure 31). The city is one of the largest construction sites in the world. This led to the formation of the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront (Pty) Limited Corporation in 1988 and the land was leased on a long-term basis to this new entity (Breen & Rigby, 1996). Similarly, "the V&A Waterfront Company proposed to recreate the authentic and natural feel of the V&A site by recycling the existing old buildings".
EVALUATION OF THE PRECEDENT STUDY
Boston and Baltimore was described as one of the most outstanding mixed-use waterfront developments in renewal programs. Stakeholders were taken into account in the design of the development, which made these projects very attractive. The project was not quite a complete failure as new developers have taken over the project and have reconsidered some of the design flaws that allow public access to the water.
Hong Kong's waterfront is relatively new with the current sections of Victoria Harbor still under development. The waterfront occurs on both sides of Victoria Harbour, each with a variety of different uses. At this point in the study, it is useful to understand where the Point Waterfront appears with the eleven precedents evaluated.
Unlike Baltimore, it was criticized for not involving the public in its design and this has been controversial with many Water Clubs stating that the design of the Small Craft Harbor is not feasible for a boat going out of the harbor. In the next chapter, all 24 criteria will be used to evaluate the primary case study, i.e. Point Development Project to determine its success.
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
In May 1685, the British ship Good Hope entered the port of Natal, but the ship was wrecked in the entrance between the Point and the Bluff. In 1857 money was set aside to solve the ongoing problem of sandbar formation across the channel between the Bluff and the Point. Around 1887, Charles Croft built two long parallel breakwaters at Point and Bluff and eventually, after much dredging, Dur ban.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the area became vacant, the buildings abandoned and a haven for crime and prostitution. Plots within the Point were owned by Durban City Council (now Ethekwini Municipality), Portnet, the state transport parastatal Transnet and the Department of Public Works. Reports indicated that the Point development would inject R20 billion into the Durban economy and provide 23 000 new jobs.
He convinced the Renong group to partner with the city, where the city would develop the Point. His involvement with the Point Waterfront continues today, as the managing director of Laurusco Developments, which was tasked with managing the development.
CONTEXTUA L UNDERSTA NDING- THE POINT
- PLA NNING PROCESS A ND INSTITUTIONAL ARRA NGEM ENTS
- KEY ISSUES OF OPTION S
The physical integration of the Point with the surrounding residential, beach and harbor environment would be seen as a natural inclusion of these areas in the development of this area. In a CBD there are two types of areas, firstly 'The Core' which is the highest and most intensive retail and office area within about 5 minutes walking radius of 'Peak Land Value'. The Point area has been identified as a separate area with the remainder of the study area zoned for port uses (See Figure 58 B). d) Land value profile.
The main findings and proposals of the reports produced for the Point between 1986 and 2003 are summarized in the following section. a) Point: Proposals for the Development of the Dur Ban Point Area - 1986 (Hallen et al, 1986). Below is a brief summary of the planning policies that have influenced point planning to date. It was proposed to extend the Golden Mile beyond the ends of the canal as a key pedestrian thoroughfare.
These are Precinct 1 – the central section within the Point study area, Precinct 3 – the historic zone along Mahatma Gandhi Road and Precinct 6 – currently the temporary parking areas of Ushaka Marine World. The project regularly appeared in the newspapers informing the public about the status of the project.
PROJECT –CURRENT SITUA TION
The land value profile is one indicator of the changing condition within the study area. The research will evaluate some of the key criticisms of The Point, including key findings from interviews, both from experts and the public. As Greg Cr yer said: “The SCH is critical to the success of the Point Waterfront development.
It is notable that the pattern and trends of both the plan and the project are very similar to the experiences highlighted in some of the previous case studies. In the specialist interviews, Neels Brink, Ken Davies, Gary Kimber and Jeff McCarthy indicated that this would certainly threaten the success of Point Waterfront unless immediate action is taken to make this area safe again. He believes The Point will capture the South Beach market as well as parts of the CBD, so retail demand will be strong.
In the case of Point, the development allows the public full access to all the proposed facilities. Most of the areas around the Point fall in the middle income sector and are close to the Point and have already seen.
SPECIALISTS INTERVIEW
The Ethekwini played a more than adequate role in the development of the Point area. Do you feel that Ethekwini Municipality played an adequate role in the Point Development Project. Do you feel that if this situation is left as it is, it will pose a threat to the success of the Point Project.
There has been much criticism of the oversupply of retail uses at Point Waterfront. Point Involvement: Assisting DPDC in the early days of coastal development and research. I think there is one big difference with the dot that separates it.
That's the beauty of Point, and I think that's what makes Point different. There has been a lot of talk about Point Waterfront being in the wrong location, with the preferred option Victoria Embankment considered the better location.
PUBLIC INTERVIEW
Do you think Point Waterfront will be a success or do you think it will be a failure?. I have bought an apartment on the Point along Timeball Boulevard so I have committed to this area. ii) General Interview 2: (KZN WHEEL EXHIBITION CENTER Manager). My business is motor related and has nothing to do with Ushaka or Point Waterfront Development.
Do you think Point Waterfront will be successful or do you think it will be a failure? It has always been a successful business, but the image of the area has certainly improved from the past. Java Café is close to the Point Development and therefore offers a good opportunity to acquire customers.
There is a lot of crime in the Wheel area, but generally crime in the area is not a problem. Do you think Point Waterfront will be a success or do you think it will be a failure.
EIA- RECORD OF DECISION
