DEFINITION
PRESENT CONT. TENSE PAST CONT. TENSE
Sedang berlangsung baik secara nyata maupun
tidak nyata
Sedang berlangsung di masa lalu atau sedang
berlangsung tapi diintervensi per-buatan lain
FORMULAS
PRESENT CONT. TENSE PAST CONT. TENSE
S + is/am/are + Verb 4
S + is/am/are + being + Verb 3
S + was/were + Verb 4
S + was/were + being + Verb 3
• now • now a days • currrentty • lately • at present • yesterday • last week
• three months ago
• a few days ago
EXERCISE
1. She picks apples every morning
Apples are picked by her every morning She is picking apples now
Apples are being picked by her now
2. 3 unknown people kidnap the mayor of BT every day
3 unknown people kidnapped the mayor of BT yesterday 3 unknown people are kidnapping the mayor of BT now 3 unknown people were kidnapping the mayor of BT
yesterday
3. The mayor of BT is kidnapped by 3 unknown people every day.
The mayor of BT was kidnapped by 3 unknown people yesterday.
The mayor of BT is being kidnapped by 3 unknown people now.
The mayor of BT was being kidnapped by 3 unknown people eve yesterday.
PRESENT CONT. TENSE PAST CONT. TENSE
1. Inspector Harry is investigating a murder case at present.
2. That bugler is being interrogated by Inspector Harry now.
3. Many states are moving toward democratic government now a days. 4. Indonesia is facing serious air pollution recently.
5. That cold blooded killer is being locked
up in an isolation cell.
1. Inspector Harry was investigating a murder case yesterday afternoon.
2. That bugler was being interrogated by Inspector Harry when I arrived.
3. Many states were moving toward democratic government in the 1990’s. 4. Indonesia was also facing serious air pollution last year.
5. That cold blooded killer was being locked
DEFINITION
FUTURE TENSE PAST FUTURE TENSE
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi di masa lalu
FORMULAS
FUTURE TENSE PAST FUTURE TENSE
S + will/shall + Verb 1 + Object S + will/shall + be + Verb 3
S + would/should + Verb 1 + Obj. S + would/should + be + Verb 3
• next week
• next month
• next year
• in the years ahead
• yesterday
• last week
• three months ago
• a few days ago
FUTURE TENSE PAST FUTURE TENSE
1. Inspector Harry will investigate a murder case tomorrow.
2. That burgler wil be interrogated by Inspector Harry now.
3. The practice of democracy will slow
down development if the MP’s are uneducated.
4. Indonesia will face serious water shortage in the future if water is not wisely used. 5. That cold blooded killer will be locked
up in an isolation cell.
1. Inspector Harry would investigate a murder case yesterday.
2. That burgler would be interrogated by Inspector Harry when I arrived.
3. The practice of democracy would slow down development if the MP’s were
uneducated
4. Indonesia would face serious water shortage if water was not wisely used. 5. That cold blooded killer would be locked
DEFINITION
FUTURE CONT. TENSE PAST FUT. CONT. TENSE
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu kejadian yang pasti akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung di
FORMULAS
FUTURE CONT. TENSE PAST FUT. CONT. TENSE
S + will/shall + be+ Verb 4 + Obj. S + will/shall + be + being + Verb 3
S + would/should + be+ Verb 4 + Obj. S + would/should + be + being + V 3
• next week
• next month
• next year
• in the years ahead
• yesterday
• last week
• three months ago
• a few days ago
FUTURE CONT. TENSE PAST FUT. CONT. TENSE
1. Inspector Harry will be arresting
that suspect if he has evident. 2. That bugler will be being jailed
if Inspector Harry has enough evident. 3. Many states will be moving toward democratic government.
4. Indonesia will be facing serious air pollution recently.
5. That cold blooded killer will be being
locked up in an isolation cell.
1. Inspector Harry would be arresting a
suspect yesterday if he had enough evident . 2. That bugler would be being interrogated
by Inspector Harry when I arrived.
3. Many states would be moving toward democratic government in the 1990’s. 4. Indonesia would be facing serious air pollution last year.
5. That cold blooded killer would be being
TENSES
PRESENT PERF. TENSE PAST PERF. TENSE
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu kejadian yang sudah mulai terjadi di masa lalu tapi masih berlangsung sampai sekarang atau baru saja selesai
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu kejadian yang mulai terjadi dan selesai di masa lalu. Artinya kita tau secara lengkap peristiwanya, yakni kapan mulai terjadi dan
FORMULAS
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE PAST PERFECT TENSE
S + have/has + Verb 3 + Object S + have/has + been + Verb 3 S + have/has + been + non-verb
S + had + Verb 3 + Object S + had + been + Verb 3
• since yesterday
• since a few months ago
• for four years
• for six months
• since I was born
• from 1999 up to 2001
• in the last decade
• during the First Pelita
• during the second World War
• all of afternoon yesterday
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE PAST PERFECT TENSE
1. My father has served as a cook in the Army since last year.
2. That bugler has been interrogated
by Inspector Harry.
3. Our Constitution has been revised four times.
4. Indonesia has reformed many laws ting to judiciary power since 1999.
5. The President has declared war against illegal logging since his presidency.
1. During the second World War, my
father had served as a cook in the Army.
2. That bugler had been interrogated
by Inspector Harry all morning yesterday. 3. Our Constitution had been revised during Gus Dur’s and Megawati’s regimes.
4. Indonesia had reformed many laws ting to judiciary power from 1999 - 2004. 5. The previous President had declared war against corruption during her presidency.
TENSES
PRESENT PERF.CONT. TENSE PAST PERF. CONT. TENSE
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang mulai terjadi di masa lalu dan
sampai sekarang masih terus berlangsung dan masih akan berlanjut di masa yang akan datang karena belum selesai
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang terjadi secara terus menerus atau berkelanjutan di masa yang lalu
FORMULAS
PRESENT PERF. CONT. TENSE PAST PERF. CONT. TENSE
S + have/has + been + Verb 4 S + have/has + been + being + V 3
S + had + been + Verb 4
S + had + been + being + Verb 3
• since yesterday
• since a few months ago
• for four years
• for six months
• since I was born
• from 1999 up to 2001
• in the last decade
• during the First Pelita
• during the second World War
• all of afternoon yesterday
PRESENT PERF. CONT. TENSE PAST PERF. CONT. TENSE
1. Inspector Harry has been investigating a murder case since last week.
2. Our Criminal Code has been being revised by the Parliament for15 years. 3. PT Lapindo has been trying to channel the hot mud to the sea since last month. 4. Indonesia has been fighting against corruption since a few years ago.
5. The case has been being tackled by the the attorney office.
1. Inspector Harry had been investigating a murder case.
2. Our Criminal Code had been being revised
by the Parliament in the past.
3. PT Lapindo had been trying to channel the hot mud to the sea during Ramadhan month. 4. Indonesia had been fighting against
corruption during the last decade.
5. The case had been being tackled by the the attorney office.
TENSES
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE PAST FUTURE PERF. TENSE
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang pasti akan telah terjadi di masa yang akan datang
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang seha-rusnya telah terjadi atau tidak terjadi di masa yang lalu (berbentuk penyesalan)
FORMULAS
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE PAST FUTURE PERF. TENSE
S + will/shall + have + Verb 3
S + will/shall + have + been + Verb 3
S + should + have + Verb 3
S + should + have + been + Verb 3
• by the end of this year
TENSES
FUTURE PERF.CONT. TENSE PAST FUT. PERF. CONT. TENSE
Kalimat yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa yang pasti akan terjadi secara terus menerus di masa yang akan datang
Kalimat yang menceritakan peristiwa yang seharusnya telah sedang berlangsung di masa yang akan datang
FORMULAS
FUTURE PERF. CONT. TENSE PAST FUT. PERF. CONT. TENSE
S + will + have + been + Verb 4
S + will + have + been + being + V 3S + should + have + been + being + V 3S + should + have + been + Verb 4
• since yesterday
• since a few months ago
• for four years
• for six months
• since I was born
• from 1999 up to 2001
• in the last decade
• during the First Pelita
• during the second World War
• all of afternoon yesterday
Exercises
That lawyer often tackles divorce cases.
That lawyer is tackling a divorce case currently.
That lawyer will often tackle divorce cases in the future.
That lawyer will be tackling a divorce case when the candidate widow
is as beautiful as Monalisa.
That lawyer has tackled divorce cases since three months ago.
That lawyer has been tackling divorce cases since three months ago.
That lawyer will have tackled divorce cases if he has got a certificate from
the Religious Depertment.
That lawyer will have been tackling a divorce case.
That lawyer tackled a divorce case last month.
That lawyer was tackling a divorce case When he arranged his divorce with
his wife.
That lawyer would tackle a divorce case.
That lawyer would be tackling a divorce case when the candidate widow was
as beautiful as Monalisa.
That lawyer had tackled a divorce case
The lawyer had been tackling a divorce case
That lawyer should have tackled a divorce case.
Exercise
They hunt for the drug dealer every day (Present Tense).
They are hunting the drug dealer now (Present Continuous Tense)
They will hunt for the drug dealer next week (Future Tense)
They will be hunting for the drug dealer when the airplane lands (Future
Continuous Tense)
They have hunted for the drug dealer since yesterday (Present Perfect Tense)
They have been hunting for the drug dealer since last week (Present
Perfect Continuous Tense)
They will have hunted for the drug dealer when the airplane has landed
(Future Perfect Tense)
They will have been hunting for the drug dealer if the airplane has been landing
Exercises
The H. C. of WS overturns the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS is overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The HC of WS will overturn the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS will be overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The HC of WS has overturned the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS has been overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The HC of WS will have overturned the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS will have been overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The H. C. of WS overturned the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS was overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The HC of WS would overturn the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS would be overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The HC of WS had overturned the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS had been overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
The HC of WS should have overturned the verdict of the Court of Pdg.
The H. C. of WS should have been overturning the verdict of the Court of Pdg
Exercises
1. He violates Article 351 of the Penal Code
2. He is violating Article 351 of the PC
3. He will violate Article 351 of the PC
4. He will be violating Article 351 of the PC
5. He has violated Article 351 of the PC
6. He has been violating Article 351 of the
PC
7. He will have violated Article 351 of the
PC
8. He will have been violating Article 351 of
Exercises
The questions concerning temporary visas are provided for by customary law.
The questions concerning temporary visas are being provided for by customary law.
The questions concerning temporary visas will be provided for by customary law
The questions concerning temporary visas will be being provided for by CL
The questions concerning temporary visas have been provided for by CL
The Questions concerning temporary visas have been being provided for by CL
The questions concerning temporary visas will have been provided for by CL
The Questions concerning temporary visas will have been being provided for by CL
Exercise
1. He eats 3 kg’s of meat every day.
2. He is eating meat now.
3. He will eat meat tomorrow.
4. He will be eating meat next week.
5. He has eaten meat since childhood.
6. He has been eating meat since this
morning.
7. He will have eaten meat by magrib time
Exercises
1.
She writes a letter every week
2.
She is writing a letter
3.
She will write a letter
4.
She will be writing a letter
5.
She has written a letter
6.
She has been writing a letter
7.
She will have written a letter
Exercises
1.
She brings flowers every morning.
2.
She is bringing flowers
3.
She will bring flower
4.
She will be bringing flower
5.
She has brought flowers
6.
She has been bringing flowers
7.