Considerable advances have occurred in DDS within the past decade. Extended-release, controlled-release, and once-a-day medications are available for several commonly used drugs. Global vaccine programs are close to becoming a reality with the use of oral, transmucosal, transcutaneous, and needle-less vaccination.
Considerable advances have been made in gene therapy and deliv-ery of protein therapeutics. Many improvements in cancer treat-ment can be attributed to novel drug delivery technologies.
New drug delivery systems will develop during the next decade by interdisciplinary collaboration of material scientists, engineers, biologists, and pharmaceutical scientists. Progress in microelec-tronics and nanotechnology is revolutionalizing drug delivery.
However, DDS industry is still facing challenges, and some of these are as follows:
● Drug delivery technologies require constant redesigning to keep up with the new methods of drug design and manufac-ture, particularly of biotechnology products.
● As the costs of drugs are rising, drug delivery aims to reduce the costs by improving the bioavailability of drugs so that lesser quantities need to be taken in by the patient.
● More fundamental research needs to be done to characterize the physiological barriers to therapy such as the blood–brain barrier.
● New materials that are being discovered, such as nanoparticles, need to have safety studies and regulatory approval.
Future of DDS can be predicted to some extent for the next 10 years. To go beyond that, e.g., 20 years from now, would be very speculative. Some of the drugs currently used would disappear from the market, and no one knows for sure what drugs would be discovered in the future. Some of the diseases may be partially eliminated, and new variants may appear, particularly in infections.
With this scenario, it would be diffi cult to say what methods will evolve to deliver the drugs that we do not know as yet. Some of the drug treatments may be replaced by devices that do not involve the use of drugs.
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Kewal K. Jain (ed.), Drug Delivery System, Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 1141, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0363-4_2, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014