Amos, A., McCarty, D., Zimmet, P. 2001. The rising global burden of diabetes dan its complications: Estimates dan projections to the year 2010. Diabetic Med 2001;
(Suppl 5): S1-S85.
Arthur, Frank., 2004. The Long-Term Management of Obesity With Continuing Pharmacotherapy. The George Washington University Weight Management Program, Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC (Obesity Research 12: 1821-1827).
Astrup, A. 2010. Drug Management in Obesity-Efficacy Versus Safety, New England Journal of Medicine. 363;3, 288-290.
Azwar, A. 2004. “Tubuh Sehat Ideal dari Segi Kesehatan.” Dalam: Seminar Kesehatan Obesitas. Jakarta: Direktur Jenderal Bina Kesehatan Masyarakat, Departemen Kesehatan RI.
Bahri, A. 2004. Dislipidemia Sebagai Faktor Resiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner. e-USU Repositor. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara. Available from : http://www.library.usu.ac.id/download/fk/gizibahri3. pdf. Accesed 16-10-2009.
Barzilai, N., Rudin, E. 2005. Inflamatory Peptides Derived from Adipose Tissue.
Imunity & Ageing, 21. Available from :
http://www.immunityageing.com/content/2/1/1. Accessed 19-4-2010.
Baumann, MH., Ayestas, M.A., Dersch, C.M., Brockington, A., Rice, K.C., Rothman, RB. 2000. Effects of phentermine and fenfluramine on extracellular dopamine and serotonin in rat nucleus accumbens: therapeutic implications. P ; 36: 102113.
Best, J.D. 2007. Disorders of Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes : Pathophysiology and therapeutic approach. Medicographia 10(4) :16-9.
Brown, M.S., and Goldstein, J.l. 2001. The Hyperlipidemia and Other Disorders of Lipid Metabolism, dalam E. Braunwald, KJ/Isselbacher & R.G. Petersdorf (eds,)
71
92
: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine 2, 11th., pp. 1650-61. McGraw-Hill Intemat.Ed., New York.
Crespo, C.J., Smit, E. 2003. Obesity: Etiology, Assesment. Treatment and Prevention. In Andersen. Champaign: Human Kinetics. 3-15.
Departemen Kesehatan RI, Survei Kesehatan Nasional 2001: Laporan Studi Mortalitas 2001: Pola Penyakit Penyebab Kematian di Indonesia, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Jakarta; 2003; hal 76.
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2002. Survei terpadu mendukung Indonesia Sehat 2010. Jakarta. Litbangkes Depkes R.I.
Dulloo, A.G., 2005. Energy balance and body weight homeostasis, in “Clinical Obesity in adults and children”, Second Edition, Kopelman, Caterson, and Diets (Eds).
pp 67-79.
Eckel, R.H. 2008. Nonsurgical Management of Obesity in Adults. New England Journal of Medicine. 358; 18: 1941-50.
Egger, G., Binns, A. 2001. The Experts’ Weight Loss Guide, Allen & Unwin, Australia.
FDA (Food and Drug Administration) website accessed at 20.40 on 2010, June 9.
Flier, J.S. 2001. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 15th Ed. Vol 1. Newyork:
McGraw-Hill. pp 479-486.
Frayn, K.N. and Blaak, E.E. 2005. Metabolic fuels and obesity: carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, in Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children, Kopelman PG, Caterson ID, Dietz WH (Eds), Blackwell, pp 102-122.
Grag, A., and Grundy, S. M. 2001. Lovastatin for Lowering Cholesterol. New Engl. J.
Med. 318 : 81-6.
Grundy,S.M.2006. Nutrition in the Management of Disorder of Serum Lipids and Lipoprotein. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 10th Ed. p 1076-1094.
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Goldman, R., and Klatz, R. 2007. The New Anti-Aging Revolution. Malaysia: Printmate Sdn. Bhd. p. 19-25.
Gordon, P. M. 2003. Hyperlipidemia and Dyslipidemia. In Ehrman JK et al. Clinical Exercise Physiology. Champaign : Human Kinetics. 2003, 169-184.
Gurr, M.I. 2000. Fats, in Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Garrow JS, James WPT, Ralph A (Eds), Churchill Livingstone, pp.97-120
Guyton, A.C., and Hall, J. E. 2006. Textbook of Medical Physiolofy. 11th Ed.
Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 996-1010.
Heymsfield, S. 2001. Evaluation of human adiposity. In: Bjorntorp, editor. International textbook of obesity. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. P. 85-97.
Horowitz, J.F. 2001. Regulation of Lipid Mobilization and Oxidation. P : 45-50.
Illingworth, D.R. 2003. Lipid Lowering Drugs : An Overview of Indications and Optimum Theraupeutic Use. Drugs 33 : 259-79.
Ikeuchi, M., Koyama, T., Takahashi, J., Yazawa, K. 2007. Effects of Phenterminein Obese Mice Fed a Hight-Fat Diet. Jurnal Biosci, Biotechnol, Biochem. 71(4):
893-899.
James, W.P.T. 2010, Effects of Phentermine on Cardiovascular Outcome in Overweight and Obese Subjects, NEJM 363(10): 905-17.
Kathleen, M.B., and Peter, A.M. 2006. In Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. 27th
edition. McGraw Hill. New York. P. 194-198.
Kersshaw, E.E., Flier J.S. 2004. Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 89, pp 2548 - 2556.
Lichtenstein, A.H., Jones, P.J.H. 2001. Lipids absorption and transport. In Present Knowledge in Nutrtion. 8th Ed. p 93-103/ ISLI Press, Washington DC.
Lohman, T.G., Milliken, L. 2003. Body Composition Assesment in The Obese. In Andersen Obesity: Etiology, Assesment, Treatment, Prevention. Champaign:
Human Kinetics. 73-84.
Mahley, R.W., Weisgraber, K.H., Farese, R.V. 2003. Disorder of Lipid Metabolism. In Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 10th Ed. p 1642-1680. Saunders, Philadephia.
94
Mantzoros, C. 1999. The role of leptin in human obesity and disease: a review of current evidence. Ann Intern Med. 130(8):671-80.
Mayes, P.A., Botham, K.M. 2003. Lipid transport & storage. In Muray RK et al.
Harper’s illustrated biochemistry. 26th Ed. new York : Lange Medical Books/
McGraw-Hill. p 205-218.
Mc Ardle, W.D., Katch, F.L., Katch, V.L. 1996. Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Human Performance. 4th Ed. Baltimore: Williamsand Wilkins.
Metchinson, M.J., and Ball, R.Y. 2005. Macrophages and Atherogenesis. Lancet 2 : 146-50.
Murray, R.K. 2009. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. USA. Mac Graw Hill Company 28: 101.
National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity (NTFPTO). 2000.
Overweight, obesity, and health risk. Arch Intern Med. 160:898-904 .
Nelson, D.L., Gehlert, D.R. (February 2006). "Central nervous system biogenic amine targets for control of appetite and energy expenditure". Endocrine 29 (1): 49–60.
doi:10.1385/ENDO:29:1:149. PMID 16622292.
Noel, P.H., Pugh, J.A. 2002. Body Mass Indeks. Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. 325: 757-761.
Okamoto, Y., Kihara, S., Funahashi, J., Matsuzawa, Y., Libby, P. 2006. Adiponectin: a key adipocytokine in metabolic syndrome. Clin Sci;110: 267–7.
Pangkahila, W. 2007. Memperlambat Penuaan, Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup. Anti Aging Medicine, cetakan ke-1, Jakarta, penerbit buku Kompas, 13-23.
Pocock, S.J. 2008, The size of a Clinical Trial, Clinical Trials, A Practical Approach, p 123-127.
Rader, D.J., And Hobbs, H.H. 2005. In Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th Ed. p 2286-2298. McGraw-Hill. New York.
Rothman, R.B., Redmon, J.B., Raatz, S.K., Kwong, C.A., Swanson, J.E., Bantle, J.P.
2000. Chronic treatment with phentermine combined with fenfluramine lowers plasma serotonin. Am J Cardiol. P ; 85: 913915.
Samanin, R., Bernasconi, S., Garattini, S. 2002 The effect of selective lesioning of brain catecholamine-containing neurons on the activity of various anorectics in the rat.
Eur J Pharmac. C ; 34., p : 373375.
Sevanian, A.R., Duncan, J., Hwang, H.N., Hodis. 2008. Human LDL Oxidation, Atherosclerosis dan Cardiovascular Disease. AOCS Press. Champaign, Illinois.
Sharkey, B. J. 2003. Kebugaran and Kesehatan. PT Rajagrafindo Persada.2003: 23.
Sohal, R., Mockett ,R., Orr, W. 2002. Mechanisms of aging: an appraisal of the oxidative stress hypothesis. Free Radic Biol Med 33(5): 575–86..
Ulus, I.H., Maher, T.J,, Wurtman, R.J. 2000. Characterization of phentermine and related compounds as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Biochem Pharmac.
P ; 59: 16111621.
WHO Techinal Report Series 894. 2000. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Wirahadikusumah, M. 2001. Biokimia Protein, Enzim, and Asam Nukleat. Bandung.
Penerbit ITB Bandung. 53-54.
96
*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
76
Lampiran 2 Uji t-independent
Group Statistics
Kelompok N Mean Std. Deviation
Std. Error Mean
TC_pre Kontrol 12 2.1337E2 6.21659 1.79457
Perlakuan 12 2.1385E2 8.02095 2.31545
TRG_pre Kontrol 12 1.1140E2 3.13688 .90554
Perlakuan 12 1.1508E2 7.30261 2.10808
HDL_pre Kontrol 12 51.3500 2.81885 .81373
Perlakuan 12 50.9708 3.01178 .86942
LDL_pre Kontrol 12 1.4079E2 7.55528 2.18102
Perlakuan 12 1.3933E2 7.39588 2.13501
TC_post Kontrol 12 2.1614E2 5.49175 1.58533
Perlakuan 12 1.3353E2 6.01689 1.73693
TRG_post Kontrol 12 1.1363E2 3.08872 .89164
Perlakuan 12 78.6867 5.02175 1.44966
HDL_post Kontrol 12 49.7842 2.65415 .76619
Perlakuan 12 78.2100 5.01349 1.44727
LDL_post Kontrol 12 1.4362E2 5.66751 1.63607
Perlakuan 12 39.5867 2.75743 .21865
98
Independent Samples Test Levene's
Test for Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df
assumed HDL_post Equal
variances assumed
4.265 .051
-17.359 22 .000 -28.42583 1.63757 -31.82195 -25.02972 Equal
variances not assumed
-17.359 16.717 .000 -28.42583 1.63757 -31.88527 -24.96640 LDL_post Equal
variances assumed
31.489 .056 63.030 22 .000 104.03833 1.65062 100.61517 107.46150 Equal
variances not assumed
63.030 11.393 .000 104.03833 1.65062 100.42058 107.65609