• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

[1] Rahayu, Mutiara. 2011. Analisis Kadar Air, Fosfor, Kalium dan Karbon Pada Kompos Yang Dibuat Dari Tandan Kelapa Sawit Dengan Aktivator Lumpur Aktif PT. Coca-Cola Bottling.Jurusan Kimia. Universitas Andalas. Padang.

[2] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. 2014. Perkembangan Luas Areal Perkebunan 2008 - 2013. http://www.deptan.go.id/infoeksekutif/bun/BUN-asem2014/Areal- KelapaSawit.pdf.Diakses pada 4 Februari 2014.

[3] Sibarani, Johan.,et al.Effect of Palm Empty Bunch Ash On Transesterification of Palm Oil Into Biodiesel.Indo. J. Chem., 2007, 7(3), 314-319.

[4] Widiastuti, Happy dan Tri Panji.Pemanfaatan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Sisa

Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvaceae)(TKSJ) Sebagai Pupuk Organik Pada

Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit. Menara Perkebunan, 2007, 75 (2), 70–79.

[5] Firmansyah, M Anang. 2010. Teknik Pembuatan Kompos. Pelatihan Petani Plasma Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Sukarama, Kalimantan Tengah.

[6] Wahyuni, Sahri. 2011. Analisis Kadar Air, Fosfor, Kalium dan Karbon Organik Pada Kompos Yang Dibuat Dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Dengan Aktivator

Lumpur Aktif PT. BUMI SARIMAS INDONESIA (COCOMAS). Padang : Universitas

Andalas.

[7] Suhaimi, M dan H.K Ong. 2001.Composting. Empty Fruit Bunches Of Oil Palm. Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI). Malaysia.

[8] Baharuddin, A.S., Wakasika, M., Shirai, Y., Abd-Aziz, S., Abdul Rahman, A.N dan Hassan, A.M. 2009. Co Composting Of Empty Fruit Bunches and Partially Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluents in Pilot Scale. International Journal Of Agricultural Research 4:2:69-78.

[9] Zahrim, A. Y dan Asis, T. 2010. Production Of Non Shredded Empty Fruot Bunch Semi Compost. Journal The Institution of Engineers Malaysia, 71(4):11-17.

[10] Kananam,Wathida., Tachapattaworakul, T.S., Chaisri, Suksaroj. 2011.

Biochemical Changes During Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Empty Fruit Bunches Composting With Decanter Sludge and Chicken Manure. Science Asia 37:17-23.

[11] Hayawin, Nahrul.Z., Astimar, A.A., Hakim, M,. Khalil Abdul, H.P.S., Ibrahim, Zawawi. 2012. Vermicomposting Of Empty Fruit Bunch With Addition Of Palm Oill Mill Effluent Solid. Journal of Oil Palm Research 24:1542-1549.

[12] Samsu, Baharudin Azhari.,et al. 2010.Effects of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Anaerobic Sludge From 500 m3 of Closed Anaerobic Methane Digested Tank on

Pressed Shredded Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Composting Pocess. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(16): 2427-2436.

[13] Fukumoto,Yasuki., Takashi Osada., Dai Hanajima dan Kiyonori Haga. 2003.

Patterns and Quantities of NH3, N2O and CH4 Emissions During Swine Manure Composting Without Forced Aeration-Effect of Compost Pile Scale. Bioresource Technology 89 (2003) 109–114

[14] Sahwan, Firman L., Rosdiana Irawati dan Feddy Suryanto. 2004. Efektivitas

Pengkomposan Sampah Kota Dengan Menggunakan “Komposter” Skala Rumah

Tangga.Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan P3TL-BPPT.5.(2): 134-139.

[15] Triargo, Alfi Syahrin dan Juliananta Sitepu. 2012. Laporan Kerja Praktek di PTPN-II.Jurusan Teknik Kimia. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan

[16] Singh, R.P., M. Hakimi Ibrahim., Norizan Esa., M S Iliyana. 2010. Composting of Waste From Palm Oil Mill :a Sustainable Management Practice. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol (2010) 9:331–344

[17] Sarwono, Edhi. 2008. Pemanfaatan Janjang Kosong Sebagai Substitusi Pupuk

Tanaman Kelapa Sawit. Jurnal “APLIKA”, Volume 8 Nomor I, Pebruari 2008.

[18] Oviasogie, P.O., Aisueni, N.O. dan Brown, G.E. 2010. Oil Palm Composted Biomass : A review of The Preperation , Utilization, Handing and Storage. African Journal of Agricultural Research 5(13): 1553-1571.

[19] Kerdsuwan, Somrat dan Krongkaew Laohalidanond. 2011. Renawable Energy From Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch. Renewable Energy – Trends and Applications 123-146. Intech.

[20] Schuchardt, Frank., D. Darnoko dan Purboyo Guritno. 2002. Composting Of Empty Oil Palm Fruit Bunch (EFB) With Simultaneous Evaporation Of Oil Mill Waste Water (POME). International Oil Palm Conference, Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia.

[21] Sakiah. 2012. Penempatan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Dan Aplikasi Bioaktivator Pada Lubang Biopori Dan Rorak Di Kebun Kelapa Sawit. Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara.

[22] Seni, Ida Auy Yadnya., I Wayan Dana Atmaja dan Ni Wayan Sri Sutari. Analisis Kualitas Larutan MOL (Mikroorganisme Lokal) Berbasis Daun Gamal (Gliricidia Sepium). E-Jurnal Agroteknologi Tropika. ISSN : 2301-6515 Vol.2, No.2, April 2013.

[23] Lubis, Fristyana Sosanty., Irvan, Dedy Anwar, Basril Amirza Harahap, Bambang Trisakti. Kajian Awal Pembuatan Pupuk Cair Organik Dari Effluent Pengolahan Lanjut Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (LCPKS) Skala Pilot. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, Vol. 3, No. I (Maret 2014).

[24] Laboratorium Biologi Tanah, 2014. Data Analisa Total Mikroba. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan

[25] Budi, Adi Yulianto,et al. 2009. Buku Pedoman Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu : Konversi Sampah Pasar Menjadi Kompos Berkualitas Tinggi. Yayasan Danamon Peduli. Jakarta.

[26] Karagiannidis, A., Theodoseli, M., Malamakis. A., Bilitewski, B., Reihanbach, J., Nguyen, T., Galang, A., Parayno, P. 2010. Decantrlized Aerobic Composting Of Urban Solid Wastes : Some Lessons Learned From Asian Eu Cooperative Research. Global Nest Journal 12(4): 345-351.

[27] Tirado, S.M. B.S. 2008.Effects Of Turning Frequency, File Size and Season On

Physical, Chemical And Bioligical Properties During Composting Of Dairy

Manure/Sawdust (DM+S). Ohio : Sc Thesis, Ohio State University.

[28] Composting Council Of Canada. 2003. Composting Processing Technologies. Email/Courriel : info@compost.org Website/Site Internet :www.compost.org

[29] Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. 1996. Composting Methods. www.agf.gov.bc.ca/resmgmt

[30] UNEP. 2005. Solid Waste Management .http://www.unep.or.jp/ietc/publication/ spc/Vol I/14-Chapter 8.pdf. Diakses Pada Tanggal : 19 Maret 2014

[31] Tchobanoglous, George. 1993. Integrated Solid Waste Management. Mc Graw- Hill

[32] Epstein, Eliot. 1997. The Science of Composting. United State of America: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.

[33] Schloss, Patrick D., et al. 1999. The Use of the Analysis of Variance to Assess the Influence of Mixing during Composting. New York:Elsevier.

[34] SNI 19-7030-2004. Badan Standarisasi Nasional.

[35] Sekarsari, Nindi. 2011. Pengaruh Frekuensi Pengadukan Terhadap Proses

Pengomposan Open Windrow (Studi Kasus : UPS Jalan Jawa, Kota Depok). Depok :

Universitas Indonesia

[36] Isroi (2008). “Cara Mudah Mengomposkan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit”.

Diakses 16 Desember 2014. http://isroi.com/2008/02/25/cara-mudah- mengomposkan-tandan-kosong -kelapa-sawit.

[37] Amanah, Farisatul. Pengaruh Pengadukan dan Komposisi Bahan Kompos Terhadap Kualitas Kompos Campuran Lumpur Tinja. Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan. Universitas Indonesia. Depok. 60/FT.TL.01/SKRIP/7/2012.

[38] Whitney, D.A. Soil Salinity. Pp. 59-60. In J.R. Brown (Ed.), Recommended Chemical Soil Test Procedures for the North Central Region. NCR Publ. No. 221 (revised). Missouri Agr. Exp. Sta. SB 1001. Columbia, MO.

[39] Siong, Lim Hock.,Samsu, A.B.,et al. 2009. Physicochemical Changes in Undrow Co-Composting Process of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber and Palm Oil Mill Efluent Anaerobic Sludge. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3 (3): 2809-2816

[40] Tiquia, Sonia.M., et al. 2001. Dynamics of Yard Trimmings Composting as Determined by Dehydrogenase Activity, ATP Content, Arginie Ammonification, and Nitrification Potential. Journal Process Biochemistry. 37: 1057-1065

[41] Sundberg, C., Smars, S., Jonsson, H. 2004. Low pH as an Inhibiting Factor in the Transsition From Mesophilic Phase in Composting. Journal of Bioresource Technology. 95: 145-150

[42] BPS. 2011.Statistik Kelapa Sawit Indonesia. Katalog BPS : 5504003

[43] Liu, Hong-Taw., Lu, Cai. 2014. Effect of Sewage Sludge Addition on The Completion of Aerobic Composting of Thermally Hydrolyzed Kitchen Biogas Residue. Journal of Bio Bioresource Technology. 9 (3): 4862-4872

[44] Sekman, Elif., Selin, T., Gamze, V., Mahmen, S.B. 2011. Pilot Scale Investigation of Aeration Rate Effect on Leachate Characteristic in Landfills. Freseniu Enviromental Bulletin. 20 (7a): 1841-1852

[45] Nutongkaew, Tanawut., Wiriya, Duangsuwan., Suteera, Prasertsan dan Poonsuk Prasertsan. 2011. Production of Compost from Palm Oil Mill Biogas Sludge Mixed With Palm Oil Mill Wastes and Biogas Effluent. Thailand : Tiche International Conference.

[46] Pathak, A.K. et al. 2012. Assessment of physico- chemical properties and microbial community during composting of municipal solid waste. Recent Research in Science and Technology 2012, 4(4):10-14. ISSN: 2076-5061

[47] Gao, M., Liang, F.,et al. 2009. Evaluation of Stability and Maturing during forced-aeration composting of chicken manure and sawdust at Different C/N Ratio. Journal of Elsevier

[48] Van Ginkel, J.T.et al. 1999.Bulk Density and Porosity Distribution in Compost Pile. Netherlands journal of agricultural science 47 105-121

[49] Zhang, H et al. 2012. Effect of spent air reusing (SAR) on maturity and greenhouse gas emissions during municipal solid waste composting—with different pile height. Journal of Elsevier

[50] Rynk, Robert. 1992. On-Farm Composting Handbook. New York: Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service. Hal 8-9

[51] F. C. Michel, Jr., NSF Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University (personal communication).

[52] Chen L., M. de Haro Mertl,A. Moore, C. Falen. The Composting Process. University of Idaho. Dairy Compost Production And Use In Idaho CIS 1179.

LAMPIRAN 1

Dokumen terkait