Kosa Kata Lalu

Jodohkanlah kata di kolom kiri dengan terjemahannya di kolom kanan.

atap

if

jendela

garden

kamar

roof

pintu

lamp

minta

for

pohon

window

iya

sea

kebun

door

dapur

room

kursi

brown

tempat tidur

to ask for

lampu

table

laut

bed

daging

chair

untuk

yes

meja

tree

kalau

kitchen

coklat

meat

Latihan 3—_Pemahaman

Listen to Sound File 027-03 _{to answer the following questions. According to the audio, type}

in the correct colour of each item mentioned. Each colour can be used more than once.

Choose from the list below:

1. What colour is the lazy chair?

...

2.

What colour are the flower pots?

...

3. What colour is the bedroom door?

...

4. What colour is the back door?

...

5. What colour are the walls?

...

6. What colour is the ball?

...

7. What colour is the television?

...

8. What colour is the window?

...

9. What colour is the small table?

...

10. What colour is the book?

...

Latihan 4—_{Rangkai Kata}

Urutkanlah kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang baik sesuai arti di bawah ini:

1. “Are the walls of the living room in your house white?”

Apakah—rumah—di—keluarga—berwarna—Anda—ruang—dinding—putih?

2. “What colour is your car?”

Apa—warna—mobil—Anda?

3. “Her motorbike is (colored) green.”

Sepeda—berwarna—motornya—hijau.

4. “Can I ask you a favour?”

Boleh—saya—tolong—minta—?

5. “Why do you want to ask for help? What happened?”

Kenapa—mau—Ada—tolong?—kamu—minta—apa?

6. “Do you want to speak to Mr. Budi?”

Latihan 5—J_{awaban Singkat: Warna}

Each item in this exercise has a characteristic colour. Write the name of this colour in

Indonesian next to the name of the item.

1. malam

...

2. pohon

...

3. pisang

...

4. laut

...

5. nasi

...

6. rambutan

...

7. kopi

...

8. susu

...

9. langit

...

10. tomat

...

Latihan 6—_{Jawaban Singkat}

Look at the picture and complete the sentences using prepositions of place with the

following locative nouns: atas, bawah, depan, belakang, samping, sebelah, and antara

1. Meja tulis ada ________ jam dinding.

2. Jendela ada ________ tempat tidur.

3. Lampu yang biru ada ________ meja

tulis.

4. Bunga ada ________ lemari, di dekat

buku.

5. Radio ada di atas meja kecil, ________

lampu yang merah.

6. Bola ada di atas lantai, ________ lema-

ri.

7. Tempat tidur ada ________ jendela, di sebelah meja tulis.

8. Lampu yang merah ada di atas meja kecil, ________ radio.

9. Guling ada ________ tempat tidur, di bawah jendela.

10. Buku-buku ada di atas meja tulis, ________ lampu dan dinding.

Latihan 7—Isian

Look at the picture in Latihan 6. Fill in the blanks using di atas, di bawah, di depan, di

belakang, di samping, and di antara. Then listen to Sound File027-01 _{to check your}

answer.

Di kamar ini ada dua meja, satu kursi, satu tempat tidur dan satu lemari. Di dinding ada

gambar, dan ada juga jam dinding. Di dinding kiri ada meja tulis __________ jendela, di

antara tempat tidur dan dinding belakang. Tempat tidur ada di dinding kiri __________

meja tulis. __________ meja tulis ada lampu. __________ lampu dan dinding ada bebera-

pa buku. Ada kursi di bawah meja. Di dinding kanan ada meja kecil. __________ meja ini

ada radio dan lampu. __________ meja kecil ada lemari. __________ lemari ada gambar.

Gambar itu di dinding __________ meja tulis.

Latihan 8—_Pemahaman

Read the “Dialogue” above, or listen to Sound File 027-02 _{to answer the following}

questions.

1. Laras wants to speak to whom?

...

2. Where is Laras?

A. at home

B. on campus

C. at a friend’s house

D. at work

3. Why does Laras call asking for help?

A. She left her cell phone (“HP”) at home and needs to get a number.

B. She has too many numbers and needs to have someone type them into a cell phone.

C. She wants Ibu Gah to bring her the cell phone.

4. Where is Laras’ cell phone?

A. at school

B. on the kitchen table

C. in the sitting room

D. in her room

5. What type of furniture is at the right-hand wall?

A. a small desk

B. a bed

C. a rocker chair

D. a bookshelf

6. What is on her desk?

A. a lamp, a computer, two yellow pencils, and a lot of books

B. a lamp, a computer, and a lot of books and magazines

C. a lamp, a computer, and a lot of books

7. Are there any small books on Laras’ desk?

A. Yes, all the books on Laras’ desk are small

B. No, Laras says there are no small books on the desk

C. Yes, there are small as well as large books on her desk

8. Where is the cell phone?

A. next to the computer, between the phone and books

B. next to the phone, between the computer and books

C. next to the books, between the phone and computer

Latihan 9—_Isian

Andi left his phone book in his office. He calls Pak Anton, a senior colleague, asking for

assistance. Fill in the blanks to complete the dialogue.

berbicara—berwarna—hijau—lalu—lemari—masih—penting—ujung

Pak Anton

Halo?

Andi

Halo. Bisa saya __________ dengan Pak Anton?

Pak Anton

Iya. Ini Pak Anton. Ini siapa ya?

Andi

Ini Andi. Apakah Bapak __________ di kantor? Bisa minta tolong?

Pak Anton

Iya masih. Ada apa?

Andi

Apa buku telepon saya ada di meja kerja saya? Buku itu __________ sekali ka-

rena (because) di sana banyak nomor HP teman-teman saya.

Pak Anton

Tunggu sebentar ya. Apakah meja kamu yang ada di __________ di dekat din-

ding?

Andi

Bukan, meja saya yang ada di tengah. Di kanan __________.

Pak Anton

O yang warna __________ ya?

Andi

Bukan. Meja saya __________ biru, di kiri meja hijau.

Pak Anton

O ya. Buku telepon kamu ada di atas meja. __________?

Andi

Bagus. Saya akan ke sana sekarang. Terima kasih, Pak Anton.

Pak Anton

Kembali.

Latihan 10—_{Teka Teki Silang (TTS)}

Mendatar:

3.

floor

4.

to request, to ask

for

6.

table

9.

for

12.

red

13.

black

15.

the sky

18.

meat

19.

if

20.

white

21.

blue

22.

door, entrance

23.

a small, round

reddish fruit with

hair-like growth

on its skin

Menurun:

1.

brown , chocolate

2.

green

3.

lamp

5.

room, i.e.

bedroom

7.

tree

8.

window

10.

cooked rice

11.

yellow

14.

roof

16.

sea

17.

chair

18.

kitchen

19.

garden, plantation

In the Back Yard

Aims

•

To practise asking “whose” and “what kind of”

•

To practise vocabulary relating to the yard and garden

Vocabulary Review

Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous les-

sons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.

beberapa

few, some

kompor

stove

bunga

flower

manis

sweet

dapur

kitchen

mobil

car

di antara

between

pohon

tree

di dalam

inside

sepeda motor

motorcycle

di sebelah

beside

siapa

who

gambar

picture

telur

egg

halaman

yard

tentang

about

indah

beautiful

tinggal

to stay

kamar mandi

bathroom

truk

truck

Rambu di Jalan Raya Bahasa

Many of the sentences you have practised so far have been equational sen-

tences. In a nutshell, equational sentences consist of two parts (like an algebraic

equation) that balance each other and have roughly equal weight in the sentence.

In fact usually either of the two parts of the sentence can come first. So you can

say:

Pak Murad guru.

Mr Murad is a teacher.

OR

Guru Pak Murad.

Mr Murad is a teacher.

Berlin bagus.

Berlin is great.

OR

Bagus Berlin.

Berlin is great.

28

Actually the two parts of the sentence are not exactly the same. Grammarians tell us that equa-

tional sentences consist of a “topic” and a “comment”. The topic is the person or thing that has

been mentioned before or that you are already thinking about, and the comment is the new in-

formation you are providing about the topic. So in the first pair of sentences the topic is Pak

Murad (you have already mentioned him or have been thinking about him) andguru is the addi-

tional or new information you are providing about Pak Murad. Similarly, in the second pair of sen-

tences you have already mentioned or been thinking about Berlin so Berlin is the topic and

bagus

is the new information you want to provide about Berlin, so

bagus is the comment part of the sen-

tence.

Now, as you can see, when equational sentences are translated from Indonesian into English

the verb “to be” is used to connect the two parts of the sentence or to show where the boundary

between the two parts is. Of course, Indonesian doesn’t have a verb “to be”, but nevertheless, the

boundary between the two parts of the sentence is often marked in some way. Here are a couple

of the ways this can be done.

If the topic comes first in the sentence, the boundary between the topic and the comment can

be (but is not necessarily) marked by the insertion of the word itu. Thus:

Pak Murad itu guru.

Berlin itu bagus.

On the other hand, if the comment comes first in the sentence, the boundary is marked by a

momentary pause ( || ) in the flow of the sentence and a sharp drop in intonation. Thus:

Guru || Pak Murad.

Bagus || Berlin.

It is probably not necessary to learn this rule by heart and try consciously to apply it. Little by

little you will get the feel of howitu and pauses are used by listening carefully to actual sentences

and repeating them accurately. The important thing to remember is thatitu can have a grammat-

ical as well as a semantic function. That is, sometimes

itu means “that” or “the” (person, thing

etc)” or “that one (over there)”, and sometimes it doesn’t mean anything translatable at all, but

marks the boundary between two parts of a sentence.

This excursion into grammar is also important because it reminds us that, just because Indone-

sian doesn’t have a verb “to be”, it doesn’t mean that as a student of Indonesian you’ve got one

less thing to worry about. On the contrary, as the example of equational sentences shows, the ab-

sence of a verb “to be” in Indonesian actually presents English speakers with fairly formidable and

often quite subtle problems. And this is only one of innumerable such differences and “absences”.

In fact hardly anything in the core vocabulary and grammar of Indonesian is exactly the same as

in English. So in order to acquire a really authentic, idiomatic command of Indonesian you have to

constantly concentrate on getting a really intimate feel for the basics of the language.

Asking “What Kind/Category Of ...?” and “Whose ...?”

In the early stages of studying a language you know relatively few words, so it is important that

you make those few words work as hard as possible. You have already met the question words

apa? and siapa? It is not too hard to squeeze a bit more mileage out of them.

Apa andsiapa can be placed directly after a noun to form questions meaning “what kind

of ...” and “whose” respectively. Listen carefully to the following examples inSound File

028-01 and then repeat them by trying to imitate the intonation as good as you can.

What kind of car is that?

What kind of tree is this?

Bunga ini bunga apa?

What kind of flower is this?

Mobil itu mobil siapa?Whose car is that?

Bunga ini bunga siapa?

Whose flower is this?

Pohon siapa pohon ini?Whose tree is this?

Notice that these sentences are “equational sentences” so you can reverse the order of the

two component of the sentence.

Mobil Anda mobil apa?

What kind of car is your car?

and

Mobil apa mobil Anda? (Make a tiny pause: Mobil apa || mobil Anda?)

What kind of car is your car?

Mobil yang merah ini mobil siapa?

Whose car is this red car?

and

Mobil siapa mobil yang merah ini? (Mobil siapa || mobil yang merah ini?)

Whose car is this red car?

Pohon yang indah itu pohon siapa?

Whose is that beautiful tree?

and

Pohon siapa pohon yang indah itu? (Pohon siapa || pohon yang indah itu?)

Whose is that beautiful tree?

Exercise 28-01

Answer each of these questions with an equational sentence. For example:

Pertanyaan: Mobil Anda mobil apa?

Jawaban: Mobil saya mobil Mercedes.

or Mobil saya itu mobil Mercedes. or Mobil Mercedes || mobil saya.

1. Televisi ini televisi siapa?

2. Televisi Anda televisi apa?

3. Anjing itu anjing siapa?

4. Kompor itu kompor apa?

5. Gambar itu gambar siapa?

6. Komputer Anda komputer apa?

7.

Sepeda motor yang di sana itu sepeda motor siapa?

8.

Sekolah Anda sekolah apa?

9. Truk itu truk siapa?

10. Buku itu buku siapa?

The classifiers buah, orang, and ekor

The Indonesian language has a fairly large number of classifiers to count objects based on

their characteristics. Among the many classifiers for items, the most common one isbuah, literally

‘fruit’. If you count cars, for instance, you can use the classifierbuah:

sebuah mobil‘a car, one

car’,dua buah mobil ‘two cars’ etc. The classifiers can come handy to singularize a word. The

sentenceAda mobil di depan rumah kita can mean ‘there is a car in front of our house’, or ‘there

are cars in front of our house’ because every noun in the Indonesian language can be singular or

plural. In order to singularise the word you can say Ada sebuah mobil di depan rumah kita ‘there is

a car in front of our house’. The classifier buah can be used with many objects.

Even objects that should carry a different classifier such asbatang (used for stick-like objects),

biji (used for very small round objects),helai(used for flat soft items), orkeping (used for flat rigid

items) can often take the classifier buah.

Animals are counted byekor ‘tail’:seekor kucing‘a cat’,dua ekor anjing ‘two dogs’, and

people byorang:

seorang perempuan ‘a woman’,dua orang perempuan ‘two women’ etc. To

learn more about classifiers in Indonesian see Sneddon’s grammar (2.21-2.25).

The Back Garden

This is a plan of a middle-class Indonesian house. Study the dia-

gram then read the description of it that follows.

Rumah Bapak dan Ibu Yohanes

umah Pak Yohanes di kota Ambon cukup besar. Ada ru-

ang tamu, ruang keluarga, ruang televisi, tiga kamar ti-

dur, dapur, dan dua kamar mandi. Keluarga Pak Yohanes

mempunyai seorang pembantu yang tinggal di kamar pem-

bantu. Di sebelah kanan rumah ada garasi. Di dalam garasi

ada dua mobil. Ada sebuah BMW merah untuk Bapak Yoha-

nes, dan sebuah mobil Toyota yang kecil untuk istrinya. To-

yota itu berwarna biru. Ada juga dua sepeda di dalam garasi, satu yang berwarna merah dan

yang satu lagi berwarna hijau. Sepeda yang berwarna hijau itu sepeda anak mereka, dan se-

peda yang berwarna merah itu sepeda pembantu. Di belakang garasi ada dua kandang bu-

rung. Bapak dan Ibu Yohanes suka sekali burung. Burung itu ada yang besar dan ada juga

yang kecil yang bermacam-macam warnanya. Di dekat pagar belakang ada kandang ayam.

Bapak dan Ibu Yohanes setiap pagi makan telur ayam. Tidak jauh dari kandang ayam ada

dua kandang untuk anjing Pak Yohanes. Ia mempunyai seekor anjing kecil yang berwarna

hitam dan putih, dan seekor anjing besar yang berwarna coklat. Ibu Yohanes juga mempu-

nyai kucing tetapi biasanya kucing itu tinggal di dalam rumah. Kucing itu tidak boleh ke

luar rumah – kucing itu suka makan ayam dan burung.

R

—Di halaman belakang ada kebun. Kebun itu tidak luas tetapi di dalam kebun itu ada be-

berapa pohon dan bunga. Di antara kandang burung dan kandang ayam ada pohon ram-

butan. Di antara kandang ayam dan kandang anjing ada dua pohon pisang. Bapak dan Ibu

Yohanes suka makan rambutan. Di tengah-tengah halaman ada pohon besar. Pohon itu po-

hon mangga. Mangganya enak sekali. Tidak jauh dari pohon mangga ada tiga pohon kela-

pa. Pohon kelapa itu tinggi sekali. Bapak dan Ibu Yohanes suka sekali minum air kelapa

muda. Di antara pohon mangga dan rumah ada bunga-bunga. Ada bermacam-macam bu-

nga yang berwarna-warni: ada yang merah, ada yang kuning, dan ada juga yang putih dan

yang berwarna biru.

Role Play: Halaman Indah di Belakang Rumah

With the well-meaning enthusiasm that one often finds in local government in Indonesia, your

Bupati is trying to encourage citizens in your area to beautify their back yards and cultivate useful

plants. An official comes from the office of the Bupati (kantor Bupati) to grill you about your back

yard. Naturally you give a glowing description of your back yard, answering all his/her questions

as fulsomely as possible. With a classmate, or with your teacher/tutor, role play this situation, tak-

ing the vocabulary and question-answer models in this lesson as your beginning point but also

using whatever resources you can muster from preceding lessons. As the official comes to your

front door, the conversation might begin something like this:

Dialogue

Listen to the begin of the interview between you and your visitor – a female officer from the Bu-

pati’s office (Sound File 028-02). Answer the following questions without looking at the transcrip-

tion below.

1. Is there a garden behind the house?

...

2. What drinks is the visitor offered?

...

3. What food items is the visitor offered?

...

4. Are there any fruit trees in Ibu Icah’s garden?

...

Now look at the transcript of the dialogue:

Selamat pagi Bu. Saya dari kantor

Bupati. Saya perlu informasi ten-

tang kebun Anda. Boleh saya berta-

nya tentang kebun Anda?

Tentang kebun saya?

Ya. Apakah ada kebun di belakang

rumah Anda?

Ada. Ada. Silakan masuk, Bu. Silakanduduk. Mau minum apa, Bu? Teh?

Kopi? Air putih?

Terima kasih. Saya minta teh saja.

Makan apa? Roti? Rambutan? Ada

rambutan yang manis sekali dari po-

hon rambutan di kebun saya.

O... ada pohon rambutan di kebun?

Apakah ada juga ...

Develop the conversation from this point with as much detail as you can. Repeat the role play

several times, swapping roles, adding variation and taking care to improve your smoothness and

correctness each time you repeat it.

Latihan 1_—Kosa Kata Lalu

Jodohkanlah kata di kolom kiri dengan terjemahannya di kolom kanan.

beberapa

some, several

kompor

to stay, reside

bunga

in, inside, within

manis

car

dapur

bathroom

mobil

stove

di antara

yard

pohon

sweet

di dalam

flower

sepeda motor

truck

gambar

beautiful

siapa

tree

halaman

kitchen

telur

who?

indah

between

tinggal

motor bike

kamar mandi

picture

truk

egg

Latihan 2_—Pemahaman

Listen to Sound File 028-03 _{to answer the following questions. You may also consult the}

narrative “Rumah Bapak dan Ibu Yohanes”.

1. How many bedrooms are there in Pak Yohanes’ house?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

2.

How many cars can fit into the garage?

A. one car

B. two cars

C. three cars

D. four cars

3. What are the colours of the two bicycles in the garage?

A. red and green

B. yellow and red

C. white and blue

D. white and green

4. What are the colours are the little dog’s coat?

A. brown and white

B. black and white

C. black and brown

5. What are the colours of the big dog’s coat?

A. white

B. brown

C. black

6. Is the cat allowed out of the house?

A. No, the cat must stay in the house.

B. Yes, the cat can go outside.

Latihan 3_—Pilihan Ganda

Imagine you are in conversation with Bapak and Ibu Yohanes. You want to ask them a lot of

questions about their back yard (halaman belakang). Complete each of the questions below,

filling in the blanks or completing the sentence as appropriate. You may consult the narrative