CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
G. Previous Studies
In this thesis, the writer is the second researcher at the Department of English Literature at Sultan Thaha Saifuddin State Islamic University Jambi, who will conduct research on mental disorders in Todd Phillip's Joker film. The writer presented several previous findings regarding mental disorders, among others.
Firtly Laurie Davis's study is titled "Mental Disorder Meets Creativity in New Journal of Literary Arts." The writer combined qualitative research with documentary analysis in this study. The author discovered that people who have a lot of artistic ability also have a lot of mental turmoil.
This was revealed in a study of well-known visual and literary artists, and Robert Lundin expanded the findings to include contemporary artists who had battled mental illness. Despite the fact that all of these artists were well-known for their work, they had either been institutionalized for mental illness or had attempted or committed suicide. After studying the psychiatric histories of many artists, Jamison discovered that the majority of the people she studied had suffered from probable major depression, manic-depressive disorder, or cyclothymic psychosis, a manic-depressive psychosis marked by alternating periods of excitement and activity with periods of depression and
inactivity.20
Secondly, mental disorder has been analized by Sandra Muthiah Imansari 2020. She was graduate from Adab and Humanities Faculty the State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. This thesis analyzes about Mental Disorder of Mia Hall Reflected in the Fim If I Stay by Gayle Forman. This research analyzes the mental disorder experienced by Mia Halls the main character in the film If I Stay. The research choose this topic because of mental disorder is one of the issues in the world that everyone has some kind of mental disorder on their own. The purpose of this study is to find the types of mental disorders, signs and factors that cause mental disorder that happened to Mia Hall in the film. The research uses the theory of David Rochefort, David A Karp and the National Institute of Mental Health to analyze the data. The theories make it easier to determine the classification of mental disorders. The research uses qualitative research using descriptive methods in conducting research. The sources of data are the script, dialogue, gesture, expression and picture on screen of film If I Stay.
The technique of data collecting is documentation. This research uses descriptive technique for analyzing data. The results of this study, (1) there are 3 (three) types of mental disorders in the film If I Stay by Gayle Forman experienced by Mia Hall as the main character, namely Bipolar Disorder, Depression, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. In addition, Mia Hall's dominant or most prominent mental disorder is bipolar disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. (2) There are two signs which are re-experiencing symptom and arousal reactivity symptom. (3) Causal factors are psychological and environmental factors.21
Thirdly, Erika Hanley's research, "Perception of Mental Disorder Based on its Portrayal in Film," is featured in the previews. In this study,
20Laurie Davis, 2002, Mental disorder Meets Creativity in New Journal of Literary Arts, The University of Chicago Chronicle, Vol.21,No.11, March 7 2002
21 Sandra Muthiah Imansari, Mental Disorder of Mia Hall Reflected in the Fim If I Stay by Gayle Forman, Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, 2020
writers who had seen more films depicting mental illness had higher knowledge and sympathy for mental illness than those who had seen fewer films depicting mental illness. It was also expected that individuals' knowledge of mental disorders would contain more social stereotypes about mental diseases than true information about mental diseases. Women, on the other hand, were expected to demonstrate sympathy more than men. Mental disorder perceptions are still a matter worth discussing, and facts on mental diseases should be widely disseminated.22
Forthly, Abdur Rahman, 2020 wrote, “Personality Disorder as seen in Joker Movie by Todd Phillip” She was graduate from Adab and Humanities Faculty the State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. In his study, she focused on personality Arthur’s and Theodore Millon’s theory.
personality disorder experienced by Arthur, borderline personality disorder, depressive personality disorder, sadistic personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and negativistic personality disorder. Personality disorder in Arthur's character is triggered by Psychologial factor and environmental factor.23
Fifhly, Dissociative Identity Disorder Potrayed by Malcolm Rivers in the “Identity” Movie by Jams Mangold. Has been writeen by Aliya 2020. She was graduated from Adab and Humanities Faculty the State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. This thesis analyzes about , Dissociative Identity Disorder Potrayed by Malcolm Rivers in the “Identity”
Movie by Jams Mangold. The types and causes of dissociative identity disorder are discussed in this thesis, which is based on Malcolm's experiences as the main character in the film Identity. The goal of this study is to investigate and determine what types of dissociative identity disorder exist, as well as what causes them This thesis research uses psychologycal approach by Wellek and Warren, Paulette M. Gillig on dissociative identity disorder, as
22Erika Hanley, Perception of Mental disorder Based Upon its Portrayal in Film, University of Central Florida,2015
23Abdur Rahman, Personality Disorder as seen in Joker Movie by Todd Phillip, islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi,2020
well as Nevid's hypothesis of types of dissociative identity disorder and Thomas Oldmans' notion on the cause of dissociative identity disorder. The qualitative descriptive method was utilized to analyze the problem in this thesis. According to the findings of this study, Malcolm has dissociative identity disorder, has 10 different personas, and has four different types of dissociative identity disorder: the main personality, the dominant personality, the dissociative identity which there is no connection between the personality and the dissociative identity which there is connection between the personality. The cause of DID experienced by Malcolm is Psychological factor where he remembered what happened when in the past and he could not forget it that was why he want to be independent.24
From several researches above, those research are about Mental Disorder that experienced by some character in literary work. Actualy this research has the same topic. But has different literary work. The difference of this research is the object and theory to answer the problem formulation.
Some of the studies above examine different objects and use several theories from other experts.
24 Aliya, Dissociative Identity Disorder Potrayed by Malcolm Rivers in the Identity, State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. 2020
24
CHAPTER III