Saran - KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN - Perbedaan Rasio D2:D4 antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan pada Mahasi

BAB 6 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

6.2. Saran

1. Bagi Peneliti

Diharapkan agar penelitian lebih lanjut tentang perbedaan rasio D2:D4 antara laki-laki dan perempuan dapat mencakup daerah yang lebih luas, dengan jumlah sampel dan usia yang lebih besar, mencakup anak-anak. Peneliti juga berharap dapat dilakukan penelitian berdasarkan suku/ras dengan metode-metode lain, seperti fotokopi, analisis komputer dan radiograf.

2. Bagi Tim Forensik

Diharapkan tim Forensik dapat menjadikan rasio D2:D4 sebagai salah satu metode untuk mengidentifikasi jenis kelamin mayat pada kasus mutilasi yang hanya ditemukan potongan tangannya saja, sehingga metode ini dapat diterima menjadi salah satu metode identifikasi jenis kelamin yang umum di Indonesia.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Allaway, H.C., Bloski, T.G., Pierson, R.A., Lujan, M.E. 2009 . Digit Ratios (2D:4D) Determined by Computer-Assisted Analysis are More Reliable

than Those Using Physical Measurements, Photocopies, and Printed Scans. Am J Hum Biol. 21(3): 365–370.

Almasry, S.M., Domiaty, M.A.L., Algaidi, A.S.A., Elbastawisy, Y.M., Safwat, M.D. 2011. Index to ring digit ratio in Saudi Arabia at Almadinah Almonawarah province: a direct and indirect measurement study. J. Anat.

218:202–208.

American Association for the Advance of Science. 2014. Skeleton Keys: How Forensic Antropologists Identifying and Solves Crimes, USA.

American Society for Surgery of the Hand. 2009. Essentials of Hand Surgery. Available from:

Chisum, W. J.Crime Reconstruction. In: Mozayani, A., Noziglia, C. editors. The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice.Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc.; 2006. p 63-78.

Da Silva1, F.R., Mendes, S.D.S.C., de Azevedo Marinho1, D.E., do Rosário Júnior, A.F., Guimarães, M.A. 2013. Importance of the comparative anatomy in Forensic Anthropology – case report. RSBO10 (2):193-7. Galis, F., Broek, C.M.A.T., Dongen, S.V., Wijnaendts, L.C.D. 2010. Sexual

Dimorphism in the Prenatal Digit Ratio (2D:4D). Arch Sex Behav 39:57– 62.

Gillam, L., McDonald, R., Ebling, F. J. P., Mayhew, T. M. 2008. Human 2D (index) and 4D (ring) finger lengths and ratios: cross-sectional data on linear growth patterns, sexual dimorphism and lateral asymmetry from 4 to 60 years of age. J. Anat. 213: 325–335.

Hiraishi, K., Sasaki, S., Shikishima, C., Ando, J. 2012. The Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in a Japanese Twin Sample: Heritability, Prenatal Hormone Transfer, and Association with Sexual Orientation. Arch Sex Behav 41:711–724.

Idries, A.M., Tjiptomartono, A.L. 2011. Penerapan Ilmu Kedokteran dalam Proses Penyidikan edisi ke-2. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.

International Committee of the Red Cross. 2013. Forensic Identification on Human Remains. Comite International Geneve, Switzerland.

Knickmeyer, R.C.,Woolson, S.,Hamer, R.M.,Konneker, T., Gilmore, J.H. 2011. 2D:4D Ratios in the First 2 Years of Life: Stability and Relation to Testosterone Exposure and Sensitivity. Horm Behav. 60(3): 256–263. Kraeme, B., Noll, T., Delsignore, A., Milos, G., Schnyder, U., Hepp, U. 2009.

Finger Length Ratio (2D:4D) in Adults with Gender Identity Disorder.

Arch Sex Behav 38:359–363.

Manning, J. T., Kilduff, L. P., Trivers, R. 2012. Digit ratio (2D:4D) in Klinefelter’s syndrome. Andrology, 1, 94–99.

Muller, D.C., Giles, G.G, Bassett, J., Morris, H.A., Manning, J.T., Hopper, J.L., English, D.R., Severi, G. 2011. Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and concentrations of circulating sex hormones in adulthood. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 9:57.

Murnaghan, I. 2012. Understanding Forensic Identification.UK: Explore DNA. Available from:

Notoatmodjo, S. 2005. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Paul, S.N., Kato, B.S., Cherkas,L.F., Andrew,T., Spector, T.D. 2006. Heritability

of the Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2d:4d): A Twin Study. Twin Research and Human Genetics9 (2): 215–219.

Payne, J., James. 2006. Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine, vol 1, p i. Peeters, M.W., Van Aken, K., Claessens, A.L. 2013. The Left Hand Second to

Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Is Not Related to Any Physical Fitness Component in Adolescent Girls. PLoS ONE 8(4): e59766.

Robertson, J., Zhang, W., Liu, J.J., Muir, K.R., Maciewicz, R.A., Doherty, M. 2008. Radiographic assessment of the index to ring finger ratio (2D:4D) in adults. J. Anat. 212:42–48.

Singh, S. 2008. Penatalaksanaan Identifikasi Korban Mati Bencana Massal.

Majalah Kedokteran Nusantara 41(4): 254-258.

Stranding, S. 2008. Grays Anatomy the Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice 40^th ed. British: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.

Wilhelmi, B.J. 2012. Hand Anatomy. Available from:

Xi, H., Li, M., Fan, Y., Zhao, L. 2014. A Comparison of Measurement Methods and Sexual Dimorphism for Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Han Ethnicity. Arch Sex Behav 43:329–333.

Zhao, D., Yu, K., Zhang, X., Zheng, L. 2013. Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Handgrip Strength in Hani Ethnicity. PLoS ONE 8(10): e77958.

Zheng, Z., Cohn, M.J., 2011. Developmental basis of sexually dimorphic digit ratios. PNAS. 108 (39): 16289–16294.

DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP

than Those Using Physical Measurements, Photocopies, and Printed Scans. Am J Hum Biol. 21(3): 365–370.

American Association for the Advance of Science. 2014. Skeleton Keys: How Forensic Antropologists Identifying and Solves Crimes, USA.

American Society for Surgery of the Hand. 2009. Essentials of Hand Surgery. Available from:

Chisum, W. J.Crime Reconstruction. In: Mozayani, A., Noziglia, C. editors. The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice.Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc.; 2006. p 63-78.

Dimorphism in the Prenatal Digit Ratio (2D:4D). Arch Sex Behav 39:57– 62.

Hiraishi, K., Sasaki, S., Shikishima, C., Ando, J. 2012. The Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in a Japanese Twin Sample: Heritability, Prenatal

Hormone Transfer, and Association with Sexual Orientation. Arch Sex

Behav 41:711–724.

Idries, A.M., Tjiptomartono, A.L. 2011. Penerapan Ilmu Kedokteran dalam Proses Penyidikan edisi ke-2. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.

International Committee of the Red Cross. 2013. Forensic Identification on Human Remains. Comite International Geneve, Switzerland.

Finger Length Ratio (2D:4D) in Adults with Gender Identity Disorder.

Arch Sex Behav 38:359–363.

Manning, J. T., Kilduff, L. P., Trivers, R. 2012. Digit ratio (2D:4D) in Klinefelter’s syndrome. Andrology, 1, 94–99.

Biology and Endocrinology, 9:57.

Murnaghan, I. 2012. Understanding Forensic Identification.UK: Explore DNA. Available from:

Notoatmodjo, S. 2005. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Paul, S.N., Kato, B.S., Cherkas,L.F., Andrew,T., Spector, T.D. 2006. Heritability

of the Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2d:4d): A Twin Study. Twin Research

and Human Genetics9 (2): 215–219.

Payne, J., James. 2006. Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine, vol 1, p i. Peeters, M.W., Van Aken, K., Claessens, A.L. 2013. The Left Hand Second to

Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Is Not Related to Any Physical Fitness Component in Adolescent Girls. PLoS ONE 8(4): e59766.

Robertson, J., Zhang, W., Liu, J.J., Muir, K.R., Maciewicz, R.A., Doherty, M. 2008. Radiographic assessment of the index to ring finger ratio (2D:4D) in adults. J. Anat. 212:42–48.

Singh, S. 2008. Penatalaksanaan Identifikasi Korban Mati Bencana Massal.

Majalah Kedokteran Nusantara 41(4): 254-258.

Stranding, S. 2008. Grays Anatomy the Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice 40^th ed. British: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.

Wilhelmi, B.J. 2012. Hand Anatomy. Available from:

Xi, H., Li, M., Fan, Y., Zhao, L. 2014. A Comparison of Measurement Methods

and Sexual Dimorphism for Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Han Ethnicity. Arch

Sex Behav 43:329–333.

Zhao, D., Yu, K., Zhang, X., Zheng, L. 2013. Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Handgrip Strength in Hani Ethnicity. PLoS ONE 8(10): e77958.

Zheng, Z., Cohn, M.J., 2011. Developmental basis of sexually dimorphic digit ratios. PNAS. 108 (39): 16289–16294.

Nama : Ratna Mariana Tamba

Tempat / Tanggal Lahir : Medan/ 13 Maret 1993

Agama : Kristen Protestan

Alamat : Jl. Swadaya gg. Rela no. 20 Medan 20228

Riwayat Pendidikan : 1. SDN 060791Medan ( 1999-2005)

2. SMPN 23 Medan ( 2005-2008 ) 3. SMAN 5 Medan ( 2008-2011 )

4. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara ( 2011-Sekarang )

Riwayat Pelatihan :1. Pelatihan Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa

Universitas Sumatera Utara Tahun 2013 2. Pelatihan Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara Tahun 2014

Riwayat Organisasi : -

KUESIONER

No: Perbedaan Rasio D2:D4 antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan pada Mahasiswa

Fakultas Kedokteran USU Nama :

Kebangsaan : Indonesia Jenis Kelamin : L / P Usia :

Penyakit yang pernah diderita dan/atau sedang diderita : Ya Tidak

Penyakit hiperplsia adrenal

Sindrom Klinifelter/Sindrom Turner

Trauma dan/atau amputasi pada D2 dan/atau D4 Penyakit tulang (osteoartritis) pada D2 dan/atau D4 Gangguan identitas seksual (homoseksual/lesbian)

Perhitungan Rasio D2:D4 (diisi oleh peneliti)

Kanan Kiri

Panjang D2

Panjang D4

Rasio D2:D4

Perbedaan Rasio D2:D4 antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran USU

Salam sejahtera bagi kita semua,

Saya Ratna Mariana Tamba, adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara yang akan melaksanakan penelitian dengan judul “Perbedaan Rasio D2:D4 antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran USU”.

Dalam penelitian ini saya akan mengukur panjang jari ke-2 dan jari ke-4 kanan dan kiri responden dengan jangka sorong untuk dibandingkan nilainya antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Tiap responden akan diukur dalam waktu sekitar dua (2) menit untuk tiap responden. Informasi yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menggambarkan rasio jari orang berkebangsaan Indonesia, sehingga dapat memberi masukan dan membantu ahli forensik dan pihak berkepentingan lainnya dalam mengidentifikasi jenis kelamin mayat dari potongan tangannya.

Saya sebagai peneliti sangat mengharapkan dan menghargai partisipasi Anda turut serta dalam penelitian ini. Semua informasi yang Anda berikan akan dijaga kerahasiaannya dan hanya akan digunakan untuk usaha kepentingan penelitian ini.

Setelah memahami penjelasan yang saya berikan, Anda dapat menandatangani surat persetujuan yang disediakan peneliti. Demikian penjelasan ini saya sampaikan. Atas partisipasi dan kesediaan Anda, saya ucapkan terima kasih.

Medan, September 2014 Hormat saya,

Ratna Mariana Tamba

SURAT PERSETUJUAN MENJADI RESPONDEN DALAM PENELITIAN

“Informed Consent” Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini

Nama :

Usia :

Jenis Kelamin : L/P Kebangsaan : Indonesia

Saya telah mendapat penjelasan dengan baik mengenai tujuan dan manfaat penelitian yang berjudul “Perbedaan Rasio D2:D4 antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran USU”.

Saya mengerti bahwa saya akan diminta untuk menjadi responden pengukuran rasio D2:D4, menjawab pertanyaan melalui wawancara tertulis yang memerlukan waktu sekitar 10-15 menit dan saya bersedia berpartisipasi menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini.

Medan, September 2014 Responden,

( )

Data Induk Mahasiswa Laki-laki No D2 D D4 D D2:D4 D D2 S D4 S D2:D4 S USIA MEAN 1 70 75 0.933333 70 75 0.933333 21 .9333 2 67.4 71.3 0.945302 66 72.5 0.910345 22 .9278 3 70 71.5 0.979021 73.5 74.4 0.987903 22 .9835 4 72.4 76.3 0.948886 72.4 75 0.965333 21 .9571 5 67.5 72.4 0.93232 68.3 72.3 0.944675 20 .9385 6 69 69.1 0.998553 68.2 70.5 0.967376 21 .9830 7 62.3 61 1.021311 60.5 63 0.960317 21 .9908 8 74 75.2 0.984043 73.5 78 0.942308 21 .9632 9 68.2 70.4 0.96875 70.3 72 0.976389 21 .9726 10 72.25 80 0.903125 74 80 0.925 20 .9141 11 79 76.5 1.03268 78 78.3 0.996169 21 1.0144 12 68.5 74.5 0.919463 71.4 74 0.964865 21 .9422 13 71.05 72.6 0.97865 68 72 0.944444 19 .9615 14 73.55 74 0.993919 70.3 73.1 0.961696 22 .9778 15 73 80 0.9125 72 76.8 0.9375 20 .9250 16 70 73 0.958904 70 73.35 0.954329 22 .9566 17 70 72.05 0.971548 70.4 72.4 0.972376 21 .9720 18 68 73 0.931507 67.3 75.2 0.894947 20 .9132 19 74 76.4 0.968586 76.4 78.5 0.973248 22 .9709 20 68 69.1 0.984081 69 70.3 0.981508 20 .9828 21 75 77 0.974026 65 77 0.844156 20 .9091 22 70 74.1 0.944669 73.3 74.4 0.985215 20 .9649 23 75.5 77 0.980519 74 77.1 0.959792 21 .9702 24 70 75 0.933333 72.9 73.9 0.986468 22 .9599 25 76.3 79 0.965823 75.3 78 0.965385 21 .9656 26 74 77 0.961039 75 81 0.925926 20 .9435 27 67 72 0.930556 68.4 76 0.9 20 .9153 28 73 73.3 0.995907 72.9 76 0.959211 20 .9776 29 70.6 73 0.967123 73 73.2 0.997268 20 .9822 30 80 84.4 0.947867 78.8 83 0.949398 20 .9486 31 72 73 0.986301 73.1 74 0.987838 21 .9871 32 79 74.5 1.060403 78 78 1 20 1.0302 33 68 69 0.985507 66.5 70 0.95 21 .9678 34 73 73.3 0.995907 72 73.7 0.976934 22 .9864 35 73.8 76.7 0.96219 74 81.3 0.910209 20 .9362 36 67 74 0.905405 70.3 75.3 0.933599 21 .9195 37 72 72 1 68.7 72.5 0.947586 21 .9738 38 72.3 74 0.977027 72 77 0.935065 19 .9560 39 73 83.2 0.877404 75 83 0.903614 20 .8905

40 73.1 74.5 0.981208 74.5 75.9 0.981555 21 .9814

Data Induk Mahasiswa Perempuan

No D2 D D4 D D2:D4 D D2 S D4 S D2:D4 S USIA MEAN 1 66.5 67 0.992537 66 67.1 0.983607 20 .9881 2 66.4 69 0.962319 66.4 68 0.976471 20 .9694 3 70.4 69.2 1.017341 74.5 70.4 1.058239 20 1.0378 4 61 62.1 0.982287 62.05 61.2 1.013889 20 .9981 5 64.5 64.4 1.001553 65 66 0.984848 20 .9932 6 64.2 66 0.972727 66.4 68 0.976471 21 .9746 7 67.2 71.4 0.941176 67 69 0.971014 20 .9561 8 65.25 65 1.003846 63.1 64.25 0.982101 20 .9930 9 68 68 1 68.05 71 0.958451 21 .9792 10 64 64 1 65.1 65 1.001538 21 1.0008 11 63 63.45 0.992908 62 65.05 0.953113 20 .9730 12 59.1 59.1 1 59.2 62 0.954839 20 .9774 13 63.5 64.2 0.989097 65 68 0.955882 20 .9725 14 72 68.05 1.058046 70 69 1.014493 21 1.0363 15 66.15 66.2 0.999245 65 64.5 1.007752 20 1.0035 16 63.5 66.1 0.960666 62 65.25 0.950192 21 .9554 17 62 67 0.925373 64 68 0.941176 20 .9333 18 62 66 0.939394 60.3 63.4 0.951104 21 .9452 19 65.2 66 0.987879 66 65 1.015385 21 1.0016 20 64.3 67 0.959701 66 65 1.015385 20 .9875 21 70 71 0.985915 68 68 1 20 .9930 22 60 59 1.016949 62 58.3 1.063465 21 1.0402 23 66.5 72 0.923611 65 69 0.942029 20 .9328 24 57.2 60.3 0.94859 62.5 59.2 1.055743 20 1.0022 25 63.6 65.5 0.970992 65 68 0.955882 21 .9634 26 72 74 0.972973 72.5 75.3 0.962815 21 .9679 27 74 72.1 1.026352 71.2 70.05 1.016417 20 1.0214 28 66 68.3 0.966325 66.2 66.4 0.996988 20 .9817 29 69 70.1 0.984308 72.1 69.5 1.03741 21 1.0109 30 72 69.8 1.031519 71.5 68.5 1.043796 21 1.0377 31 64 63.3 1.011058 62.25 62.8 0.991242 20 1.0012 32 58.1 60.1 0.966722 57.15 59.2 0.965372 21 .9660 33 65.2 65 1.003077 64.5 65.35 0.986993 21 .9950 34 63.2 68 0.929412 62.3 66.1 0.942511 21 .9360 35 66 66.4 0.993976 66.5 67.6 0.983728 21 .9889 36 55.5 54.5 1.018349 54 48 1.125 21 1.0717 37 63 64.2 0.981308 63 64 0.984375 21 .9828

38 68.4 72 0.95 70.35 70.5 0.997872 21 .9739

39 66 64.5 1.023256 65.3 63.55 1.027537 20 1.0254

40 67.5 65 1.038462 65.25 65 1.003846 21 1.0212

GRAFIK SEBARAN RASIO D2:D4

Grafik Sebaran rasio D2:D4 tangan Kiri Laki-laki

Grafik Sebaran rasio D2:D4 tangan Kanan Laki-laki

Grafik Sebaran rasio D2:D4 tangan Kiri Perempuan

Grafik Sebaran rasio D2:D4 tangan Kanan Perempuan

Group Statistics

JENIS KELAMIN N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean USIA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^20.50 ^.506 ^.080 LAKI-LAKI 40 20.75 .742 .117 D2 DEKSTRA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^65.1350 ^4.09376 ^.64728 LAKI-LAKI 40 71.5688 3.62866 .57374 D4 DEKSTRA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^66.1075 ^4.05666 ^.64141 LAKI-LAKI 40 74.2338 4.02946 .63711 D2:D4 DEKSTRA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^.985731 ^.0317583 ^.0050214 LAKI-LAKI 40 .964967 .0363104 .0057412 D2 SINISTRA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^65.2425 ^4.13231 ^.65338 LAKI-LAKI 40 71.5550 3.76611 .59547 D SINISTRA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^65.7375 ^4.50413 ^.71216 LAKI-LAKI 40 75.1738 3.81393 .60303 D2:D4 SINISTRA ^PEREMPUAN ⁴⁰ ^.993724 ^.0394989 ^.0062453 LAKI-LAKI 40 .952332 .0329226 .0052055 MEAN D2:D4 DEKSTRA SINISTRA PEREMPUAN 40 .989728 .0311311 .0049223 LAKI-LAKI 40 .958650 .0296678 .0046909

TABEL PAIRED SAMPLES TEST

TABEL UJI BEDA MEAN UJI T-INDEPENDEN paired samples test

jenis kelamin paired differences t df sig. (2-taile d) mean std. deviation std. error mean 95% confidence interval of the difference lower upper peremp uan

pair 1 d4 dekstra - d2 dekstra .97250 2.15323 .34046 .28386 1.66114 2.856 39 .007 pair 2 d4 sinistra - d2 sinistra .49500 2.42967 .38416 -.28205 1.27205 1.289 39 .205 pair 3 d2 dekstra - d2 sinistra -.10750 1.79263 .28344 -.68081 .46581 -.379 39 .707 pair 4 d4 dekstra - d4 sinistra .37000 1.97762 .31269 -.26248 1.00248 1.183 39 .244 pair 5 d2:d4 dekstra - d2:d4 sinistra -.0079930 .0355095 .0056145 -.0193495 .0033635 -1.424 39 .163

Laki-laki

pair 1 d4 dekstra - d2 dekstra 2.66500 2.80960 .44424 1.76645 3.56355 5.999 39 .000 pair 2 d4 sinistra - d2 sinistra 3.61875 2.57676 .40742 2.79466 4.44284 8.882 39 .000 pair 3 d2 dekstra - d2 sinistra .01375 2.42941 .38412 -.76321 .79071 .036 39 .972 pair 4 d4 dekstra - d4 sinistra -.94000 1.68333 .26616 -1.47836 -.40164 -3.532 39 .001 pair 5 d2:d4 dekstra - d2:d4 sinistra .0126355 .0358323 .0056656 .0011758 .0240952 2.230 39 .032

Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for

Equality of Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Differenc e Std. Error Difference

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper

USIA

Equal variances assumed 5.625 .020 -1.759 78 .082 -.250 .142 -.533 .033 Equal variances not assumed -1.759 68.827 .083 -.250 .142 -.533 .033 D2

DEKSTRA

Equal variances assumed .181 .671 -7.438 78 .000 -6.43375 .86496 -8.15575 -4.71175 Equal variances not assumed -7.438 76.892 .000 -6.43375 .86496 -8.15614 -4.71136 D4

DEKSTRA

Equal variances assumed .134 .716 -8.989 78 .000 -8.12625 .90406 -9.92610 -6.32640 Equal variances not assumed -8.989 77.996 .000 -8.12625 .90406 -9.92610 -6.32640 D2:D4

DEKSTRA

Equal variances assumed .301 .585 2.722 78 .008 .0207638 .0076273 .0055790 .0359486 Equal variances not assumed 2.722 76.641 .008 .0207638 .0076273 .0055747 .0359528 D2

SINISTRA

Equal variances assumed .000 .982 -7.141 78 .000 -6.31250 .88402 -8.07245 -4.55255 Equal variances not assumed -7.141 77.338 .000 -6.31250 .88402 -8.07268 -4.55232 D

SINISTRA

Equal variances assumed .211 .647 -10.112 78 .000 -9.43625 .93318 -11.29407 -7.57843 Equal variances not assumed -10.112 75.937 .000 -9.43625 .93318 -11.29487 -7.57763 D2:D4

SINISTRA

Equal variances assumed .929 .338 5.091 78 .000 .0413923 .0081303 .0252062 .0575784 Equal variances not assumed 5.091 75.549 .000 .0413923 .0081303 .0251979 .0575867 MEAN

D2:D4 DEKSTRA SINISTRA

Equal variances assumed .011 .918 4.571 78 .000 .0310780 .0067995 .0175413 .0446148

Dalam dokumen Perbedaan Rasio D2:D4 antara Laki-laki dan Perempuan pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran USU (Halaman 46-62)