Teknik pengendalian mutu pada produksi tuna loin dengan metode six sigma memerlukan keterlibatan aktif pada tim manajemen. Batas toleransi antara spesifikasi berat produk dengan batas kendali pada peta kendali mutu dilakukan sebagai acuan berat produk untuk mengurangi variasi dan peningkatan nilai kapabilitas proses.
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Lampiran 1. Gambar proses produksi pembuatan tuna loin.
Ikan tuna utuh Pendinginan tuna Persiapan Pemotongan
Setelah proses fillet Daging merah Bentuk potongan loin dan pemotongan loin
Penimbangan loin tuna Loin tampak samping Penyusunan dalam box
Lampiran 2. Data berat rata-rata penerimaan tuna segar, tuna loin, dan rendemen tuna yang dihasilkan.
No Tanggal Rata-rata Rata-rata Rata-rata Rata-rata tuna utuh (kg) tuna loin(kg) %penyusutan %rendemen
1 3-Jan-11 66.6 43.51 34.6 65.4 2 6-Jan 49.29 31.11 37.42 62.58 3 9-Jan 69.25 44.93 35.19 64.81 4 12-Jan 63.38 41.63 34.12 65.88 5 15-Jan 64 40.31 37.02 62.98 6 18-Jan 64 42.52 33.56 66.44 7 19-Jan 57.33 37.55 34.68 65.32 8 20-Jan 74.29 49.08 33.89 66.11 9 22-Jan 67 61.58 8.09 91.91 10 25-Jan 66.8 42.82 35.59 64.41 11 27-Jan 127 83.5 34.25 65.75 12 30-Jan 88 58.1 33.98 66.02 13 6-Feb 58 40.73 29.78 70.22 14 9-Feb 66.2 43.89 33.99 66.01 15 15-Feb 44.8 28.7 35.38 64.62 16 16-Feb 79 51.89 34.32 65.68 17 19-Feb 73 48.25 33.9 66.1 18 22-Feb 41 24.86 39.97 60.63 19 26-Feb 74 45.66 38.3 61.7 20 27-Feb 48 32 33.33 66.67 21 1-Mar 74 48.67 34.51 65.49 22 2-Mar 56 37.01 33.91 66.09 23 5-Mar 63 41.2 34.6 65.4 24 8-Mar 62.4 41.01 34.39 65.61 25 10-Mar 80 51.98 35.03 64.97 26 12-Mar 62 39.2 36.77 63.23 27 17-Mar 55.33 35.84 35.19 64.81 28 20-Mar 84 49.57 40.99 59.01 29 22-Mar 51 33.655 34.01 65.99 30 24-Mar 56 35.04 37.43 62.57
Lampiran 3. Tabel peluang lebih kecil dari nilai z untuk sebaran Normal Baku dengan ο=0 dan ο³=1. Nilai Z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 -3.4 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -3.3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -3.2 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 -3.1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 -3.0 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 -2.9 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 -2.8 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 -2.7 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 -2.6 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 -2.5 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 -2.4 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.006 -2.3 0.011 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.008 -2.2 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.011 -2.1 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 -2.0 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.020 0.019 0.019 0.018 -1.9 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.023 -1.8 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.030 0.029 -1.7 0.045 0.044 0.043 0.042 0.041 0.040 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.037 -1.6 0.055 0.054 0.053 0.052 0.051 0.049 0.048 0.047 0.046 0.046 -1.5 0.067 0.066 0.064 0.063 0.062 0.061 0.059 0.058 0.057 0.056 -1.4 0.081 0.079 0.078 0.076 0.075 0.074 0.072 0.071 0.069 0.068 -1.3 0.097 0.095 0.093 0.092 0.090 0.089 0.087 0.085 0.084 0.082 -1.2 0.115 0.113 0.111 0.109 0.107 0.106 0.104 0.102 0.100 0.099 -1.1 0.136 0.133 0.131 0.129 0.127 0.125 0.123 0.121 0.119 0.117 -1.0 0.159 0.156 0.154 0.152 0.149 0.147 0.145 0.142 0.140 0.138 -0.9 0.184 0.181 0.179 0.176 0.174 0.171 0.169 0.166 0.164 0.161 -0.8 0.212 0.209 0.206 0.203 0.200 0.198 0.195 0.192 0.189 0.187 -0.7 0.242 0.239 0.236 0.233 0.230 0.227 0.224 0.221 0.218 0.215 -0.6 0.274 0.271 0.268 0.264 0.261 0.258 0.255 0.251 0.248 0.245 -0.5 0.309 0.305 0.302 0.298 0.295 0.291 0.288 0.284 0.281 0.278 -0.4 0.345 0.341 0.337 0.334 0.330 0.326 0.323 0.319 0.316 0.312 -0.3 0.382 0.378 0.374 0.371 0.367 0.363 0.359 0.356 0.352 0.348 -0.2 0.421 0.417 0.413 0.409 0.405 0.401 0.397 0.394 0.390 0.386 -0.1 0.460 0.456 0.452 0.448 0.444 0.440 0.436 0.433 0.429 0.425 -0.0 0.500 0.496 0.492 0.488 0.484 0.480 0.476 0.472 0.468 0.464 0.0 0.500 0.504 0.508 0.512 0.516 0.520 0.524 0.528 0.532 0.536 0.1 0.540 0.544 0.548 0.552 0.556 0.560 0.564 0.567 0.571 0.575 Nilai Z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.2 0.579 0.583 0.587 0.591 0.595 0.599 0.603 0.606 0.610 0.614 0.3 0.618 0.622 0.626 0.629 0.633 0.637 0.641 0.644 0.648 0.652 0.4 0.655 0.659 0.663 0.666 0.670 0.674 0.677 0.681 0.684 0.688 0.5 0.691 0.695 0.698 0.702 0.705 0.709 0.712 0.716 0.719 0.722 0.6 0.726 0.729 0.732 0.736 0.739 0.742 0.745 0.749 0.752 0.755 0.7 0.758 0.761 0.764 0.767 0.770 0.773 0.776 0.779 0.782 0.785 0.8 0.788 0.791 0.794 0.797 0.800 0.802 0.805 0.808 0.811 0.813 0.9 0.816 0.819 0.821 0.824 0.826 0.829 0.831 0.834 0.836 0.839
1.0 0.841 0.844 0.846 0.848 0.851 0.853 0.855 0.858 0.860 0.862 1.1 0.864 0.867 0.869 0.871 0.873 0.875 0.877 0.879 0.881 0.883 1.2 0.885 0.887 0.889 0.891 0.893 0.894 0.896 0.898 0.900 0.901 1.3 0.903 0.905 0.907 0.908 0.910 0.911 0.913 0.915 0.916 0.918 1.4 0.919 0.921 0.922 0.924 0.925 0.926 0.928 0.929 0.931 0.932 1.5 0.933 0.934 0.936 0.937 0.938 0.939 0.941 0.942 0.943 0.944 1.6 0.945 0.946 0.947 0.948 0.949 0.951 0.952 0.953 0.954 0.954 1.7 0.955 0.956 0.957 0.958 0.959 0.960 0.961 0.962 0.962 0.963 1.8 0.964 0.965 0.966 0.966 0.967 0.968 0.969 0.969 0.970 0.971 1.9 0.971 0.972 0.973 0.973 0.974 0.974 0.975 0.976 0.976 0.977 2.0 0.977 0.978 0.978 0.979 0.979 0.980 0.980 0.981 0.981 0.982 2.1 0.982 0.983 0.983 0.983 0.984 0.984 0.985 0.985 0.985 0.986 2.2 0.986 0.986 0.987 0.987 0.987 0.988 0.988 0.988 0.989 0.989 2.3 0.989 0.990 0.990 0.990 0.990 0.991 0.991 0.991 0.991 0.992 2.4 0.992 0.992 0.992 0.992 0.993 0.993 0.993 0.993 0.993 0.994 2.5 0.994 0.994 0.994 0.994 0.994 0.995 0.995 0.995 0.995 0.995 2.6 0.995 0.995 0.996 0.996 0.996 0.996 0.996 0.996 0.996 0.996 2.7 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 0.997 2.8 0.997 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 2.9 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.998 0.999 0.999 0.999 3.0 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 3.1 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 3.2 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 3.3 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 3.4 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Keterangan: kolom (1) merupakan nilai z sampai desimal pertama
baris (1) merupakan nilai z pada desimal kedua Sumber: Microsoft Excel 97 dengan menggunakan fungsi normsdist(z)
Lampiran 4. Contoh perhitungan evaluasi tahap produksi loin
1. Hasil evaluasi rata-rata berat produksi loin selama bulan Januari-Maret 2011 di PT Y.
Jumlah data : 30 data
Batas spesifik bawah (lower specific limit- LSL) : 25
Rata-rata proses (π₯ ) : Jumlah data
Banyak data
: 43,5 kg
Standar deviasi proses : xβ x 2
π β1
: 11,2
Penentuan nilai DPMO (defect per million opportunities) dan nilai sigma. DPMO LSL = P[z < (LSL- π₯ )/ s] x 1.000.000
= P[z < (15-66,2)/ 16,1] x 1.000.000 = 5000
Berdasarkan tabel konversi nilai DPMO ke nilai sigma (Lampiran 5) atau menggunakan Ms. Excel 2007: =Normsdist (z) diperoleh nilai sigma sebesar 4,07
Penentuan nilai standar deviasi maksimal (Smaks)
Karena proses hanya memiliki satu batas spesifik bawah (LSL), maka persamaan yang digunakan adalah
Smaks = 1
π ππππ x [(USL- LSL)] = 1
3,125 x [( 90β 15)] = 9,2
Penentuan nilai batas kontrol atas (upper control limit- UCL) dan batas kontrol bawah (lower control lomit- LCL)
Nilai batas kontrol atas (UCL)
UCL = π₯ + (1,5 x Smaks) = 77,03
Nilai batas kontrol bawah (LCL)
LCL = π₯ - (1,5 x Smaks) = 10,03
Penentuan nilai kapabilitas proses (Cpm) Cpm = ( USL β LSL )
3π = ( 90β15)
3 π₯ 11,2
Lampiran 5. Tabel konversi nilai DPMO (defect per million opportunities) ke nilai sigma