BAB V SIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI DAN SARAN
C. Saran
Berdasarkan simpulan dan implikasi seperti yang telah dikemukakan maka disarankan beberapa hal sebagai berikut:
1. Dalam upaya peningkatan hasil belajar reading comprehension, maka guru
yang mengasuh mata pelajaran bahasa inggris khususnya yang mengajarkan aspek reading comprehension disarankan agar menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang tepat dalam menyajikan konsep-konsep, kemampuan dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada.
2. Dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar strategi pembelajaran, apabila gaya
kognitif siswa tidak diketahui maka disarankan kepada guru untuk menggunakan collaborative strategic reading (csr) dalam pembelajaran, hal ini disebabkan pengaruh penggunaan strategi pembelajaran collaborative
101
strategic reading (csr) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan strategi pembelajaran reciprocal teaching apabila gaya kognitifnya tidak diketahui.
3. Disarankan kepada guru agar memperhatikan gaya kognitif yang dimiliki
siswa dan mengelompokkan mereka berdasarkan tingkat gaya kognitifnya, yakni gaya kognitif field independent dan gaya kognitif field dependent.
4. Disarankan kepada pihak pengambil kebijakan di SMP Negeri 1 Angkola
Timur untuk mengadakan pelatihan cara mengidentifikasi gaya kognitif bagi guru-guru agar guru-guru memiliki keterampilan mengelompokkan gaya kognitif siswa.
5. Disarankan kepada pihak-pihak kebijakan di lingkungan SMP Negeri 1
Angkola Timur untuk mengadakan pelatihan cara menerapkan strategi pembelajaran collaborative strategic reading yang tepat untuk pembelajaran bahasa inggris khususnya aspek reading comprehension.
6. Guna penelitian lebih lanjut pada penggunaan strategi pembelajaran di
samping guru yang menjadi mitra peneliti, perlu untuk disosialisasikan terlebih dahulu kepada siswa bagaimana prosedur penggunaan strategi sehingga penggunaan waktu bisa efisien mungkin serta efektifitas pembelajaran dapat tercapai.
7. Untuk peneliti lain yang meneliti tentang strategi pembelajaran disarankan
untuk menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang memiliki kualitas sama antara dua strategi pembelajaran yang dibandingkan sehingga hasil penelitian lebih akurat.
102
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Ahmadi, Mohammad Reza. 2012. “Reciprocal Teaching Strategy as an Important
Factor of Improving Reading Comprehension”. Journal of Studies in
Education Macrothink Institute. Vol. 2, No. 4 hal. 153-173
Alqarni, Fawaz. 2015. “Collaborative Strategic Reading to Enhance Learners’
Reading Comprehension in English as a Foreign Language”. Roma:
Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol 4 No.1, MCSER Publishing
Anderson, L.W. (Ed.), Krathwohl, D.R. (Ed.), Airasian, P.W., Cruikshank, K.A.,
Mayer, R.E., Pintrich, P.R., Raths, J., & Wittrock, M.C. 2001. A taxonomy
for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman.
Arikunto, S. 1999. Dasar-dasar Evalusai Pendidikan. Jakarta: Bina Aksara
Brassell, Danny and Timothy Rasinki. 2008. Comprehension that Works: Taking
Students Beyond Ordinary Understanding to Deep Comprehension.
Huntington: Shell Education
Bremer, Christine D., Sharon Vaughn. 2002. Collaborative Strategic Reading
(CSR): Improving Secondary Students’ Reading Comprehension Skills.
Minneapolis: National Center in secondary Education and Transition
Budiningsih C., Asri. 2005. Belajar dan Pembelajaran. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Chung, Jaesam and Ivor K. Davies. 1995. “An Instructional Theory for Learner
Control”. Proceedings of the 1995 Annual National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) hal. 72 - 86
Cisco, Brooke kandel. 2012. “Investigating Vocabulary and Reading Strategies
with Middle Grades English Language Learners: a research synthesis”.
Journal RMLE volume 36 No. 4 Butler Universuty Indianapolis
Dick, Walter, Lou Carey and James O. Carey. 2005. The Systematic Design of
Instruction. 6th edition. New York: Pearson
Fraenkel, Jack R and Norman E. Wallen. 2008. How to Design and Evaluate
103
Gagne, R. 1985. The Conditions of Learning (4th ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart
& Winston
Grabe, William and Fredericka L. Stoller. 2011. Teaching and Researching
Reading. New York: Pearson Education Limited
Hitchcock, John et.al. 2011. The Impact of Collaborative Strategic Reading on the
Reading Comprehension of Grade 5 Students in Linguistically Diverse School. US Department of Education
Klingner, Janette K., Sharon Vaughn and Jeanne Shay Schumm. 1998. “Collaborative Strategic Reading During Social Studies in Heterogeneous
Fourth-Grade Classroom”. The Elementary School Journal University of
Chicago.
Klingner, Janette K. and Sharon Vaughn. 1999. “Promoting Reading Comprehension, Content Learning, and English Acquisition though
Collaborative Strategic Reading”. Journal International Reading
Association Vol. 52. No.7 hal 738-747.
Klingner, Janette K., Sharon Vaughn and Mariael Enaarguelles. 2004. “Collaborative Strategic Reading:”Real-World” Lessons From Classroom
Teachers”. Journal of Remedial and Special Education PRO-ED Vol. 25,
No. 5, hal. 291-302.
Klingner, Janette K., Sharon Vaughn and Alison Boardman. 2007. Teaching
Reading Comprehension to Students with Learning Diffculties. New York: The Guildford Press
Lems, Kristin, Leah D. Miller and Tenena M. Soro. 2010. Teaching Reading to
English Language Learners. New York: Guilford Press
Moreillon, Judi. 2007. Collaborative Strategies for Teaching Reading
Comprehension: Maximizing Your Impact. Chicago: The American Library Association
Mullis, Ina V.S., Michael O. Martin, Eugenio J. 2011. Gonzalez. International
Achievement in the Processes of Reading Comprehension. Boston: International Study Center Boston College
Mullis, Ina V.S., Michael O. Martin, Eugenio J. Gonzalez. 2004. International
Achievement in the Processes of Reading Comprehension. Boston: International Study Center Boston College
Niroomand, Syyedeh Mitra dan Mohammad Rostampour. 2014. The Impact of
Field Dependence/ Independence Cognitive Styles and Gender Differences on Lexical Knowledge: The case of Iranian Academic EFL Learners.
104
Nosratinia, Mania, Elaheh Mirzakhani, dan Alireza Zaker. 2013. “Toward a Humanistic Instruction: Collaborative Strategic Reading Approach and EFL
Learners Reading Comprehension”. International Journal of Advanced
Studies in Humanities and Socia Science, Vol. 1, Issue 8, hal. 1119-1138
Palincsar, Annemarie Sullivan and Ann L. Brown. 1984. Reciprocal Teaching of
Comprehension-Fostering and Comprehension-Monitoring Activities. No. 2 hal. 117-175. Illinois: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP)
Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia No. 22 Tahun 2006 tentang Standar Isi untuk Satuan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah
Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia No. 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan (SKL) untuk Satuan Mata pelajaran untuk tingkat Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah
Pritchard, Alan. 2009. Ways of Learning: Learning Theories and Learning Styles
in the Classroom. London: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group
Oczkus, Lori. 2013. Reciprocal Teaching: Powerful Hands-on Comprehension
Strategy. USA: The Utah Journal of Literacy
Rosenshine, Barak and Carla E. Meister. 1993. Reciprocal Teaching: A Review 19
Experimental Studies. University of Illinois
Sagala, Syaiful. 2010. Konsep dan Makna Pembelajaran. Bandung: Alfabeta
Saracho, Olivia Natividad. 1997. Teachers’ and Students’ Cognitive Styles In
Early Childhood Education. Westport USA: Greenwood Publishing Group
Schmeck, Ronald R. 1988. Perspectives on Individual Differences: Learning
Strategies and Learning Styles. New York: Springer Science
Seels, B. B., & Richey, R. C. 1994. Teknologi pendidikan definisi dan kawasanya.
Washington DC: Association for Educational Communications and Technology.
Seymour, Jennifer R., and Helena P. Osana. 2003. Reciprocal Teaching
procedures and priniples: two teachers’ developing understanding.
Teaching and Teacher 19:328
Snowling, Margaret J. and Charles Hulme. 2005. The science of reading: A Hand
book, Maiden USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
105
Wawryk, Lynne, Gina Harrison, and Bill Prentice. 2004. Teaching Students with
Reading Difficulties and Disabilities; A guide for Educators.
Wells, Gordon. 1987. Apprenticeship in Literacy. Interchange Journal Vol. 18
Nos. 1/2 hal 109-123
Witikin, H. A., C.A.Moore. 1977. Field Dependent and Field Independent
Cognitive Styles and Their Educational Implication. Review of Educational
research47 : 1-64
Woolfolk, Anita. 2009. Educational Psychology Bagian Kedua (edisi terjemahan).
Yogyakarta:Pustaka Belajar.
Yamin, Martinis. 2013. Strategi dan Metode dalam Model Pembelajaran. Jakarta:
