7.1 Simpulan
Berdasarakan hasil analisis penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa:
7.1.1 Penggunaan kinesiotape selama tiga hari dapat mengurangi resiko cedera berulang pada penderita Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
7.1.2 Penggunaan perekat plasebo selama tiga hari dapat mengurangi resiko cedera berulang pada penderita Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
7.1.3 Penggunaan kinesiotape selama tiga hari dapat mengurangi derajat Q-angle pada penderita Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
7.1.4 Penggunaan perekat plasebo selama tiga hari dapat mengurangi derajat Q-angle pada penderita Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
7.1.5 Penggunaan Kinesiotape selama tiga hari tidak berbeda dengan perekat plasebo dalam mengurangi resiko cedera berulang pada penderita patellofemoral pain syndrome.
7.1.6 Penggunaan Kinesiotape selama tiga hari tidak berbeda dengan perekat plasebo menurunkan derajat Q-angle pada penderita patellofemoral pain syndrome.
7.2 Saran
Beberapa saran yang dapat diajukan berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini adalah:
memerlukan observasi dalam bentuk olahraga langsung dan melakukan pengukuran functional movement screening dalam waktu yang lebih lama dari tiga hari.
2. Penggunaan Kinesiotape dalam menurunkan q-angle tulang patela memerlukan observasi visual berupa X-Ray atau MRI secara langsung untuk lebih mengetahui posisi patella setelah perlakuan.
3. Masih perlu dilakukan penelitian lain sebagai lanjutan dari penelitian ini guna melengkapi dan mengkonfirmasi hasil temuan dari penelitian ini dimasa yang akan datang.
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1. Randomized Control Trial : Penggunaan kinesiotape dapat mencegah resiko cedera berulang dan Derajat Sudut Quadriceps (Q-Angle) pada PFPS
2. Evaluasi Functional Movement Screening pada kelompok atlit dengan kasus
patellofemoral pain syndrome.
B. Sampling
1. sampling diacak (random) hanya pada atlit yang mengalami PFPS total sampel 18 (9 sampel kelompok KTape & 9 sampel kelompok Taping Plasebo)
C. Pengukuran
1. Menggunakan Functional Movemenst Screening dan Q-angle dengan goniometer sebelum dan sesudah diberika kinesiotape dan taping placebo.
D. Assessment PFPS
1. Patellar Apprehension Test :
a. Posisikan pasien tidur terlentang dan fleksikan lutut 30o
b. FT menarik patella ke lateral & pasien diperintahakn menggerakkan lututnya lurus (ekstensi)
c. Jika Nyeri (+) PFPS, Jika Tidak Nyeri (-) PFPS (diikuti pemeriksaan berikutnya)
2. Quadriceps Antropometri
a. Posisikan pasien tidur terlentang dan lutut ekstensi (relax)
b. Tentukan titik pengukuran (mid patella, 10cm above mid patella, & 20 cm above mid patella)
c. Ukur dengan meter line, catat angkanya, dan bandingkan dengan kaki sisi lainnya.
3. Q-angle
a. Posisikan pasien berdiri (posisi anatomi)
b. Letakkan fulcrum goniometer tepat di mid patella lutut yg bermasalah c. Arahkan goniometer ke titik SIAS dan Tuberositas Tibialis
d. Hitung derajatnya
E. Pengukuran Functional Movement Screening (FMS)
1. FMS untuk memprediksi resiko cedera yang mungkin akan terjadi 2. Yang diperhatikan dalam tes ini :
a. Tidak menggunakan alas kaki b. Perhatikan Keseimbangan
c. Perhatikan Ketepatan pola gerakan d. Gerak kompensasi dalam bergerak
e. Kestabilan posisi dari awal hingga akhir gerakan f. fleksibilitas
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2 Menyelesaikan gerakan dengan kompensasi 3 Menyelesaikan gerakan dengan baik dan tepat
4. Formulir Penilaian
Test Nilai Catatan Deep Squat
Hurdle Step Ka Ki Inline Lunge Ka
Ki Active Straight Leg Raise Ka
Ki Rotary Stability Ka
Ki Trunk Stability Push Up Total
95 b. Hurdle Step
*sesuaikan pita pada tuberositas tibia dan ukur panjang dari telapak kaki-tuberositas tibia
100 g. Shoulder Mobility
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Pertama berikan fasilitasi pada otot vastus medialis oblique dengan menggunakan kinesiotape (KT) kurang lebih panjangnya 20 cm dan berikan potongan pada sisi tengah (potongan huruf Y) dan sisakan 5 cm sebagai jangkar. Fleksikan kaki kira-kira 30o dan letakkan jangkar pada origo VMO. Kemudian potongan taping diletakkan melingkari VMO dengan tarikan 25-50%.
b. Koreksi Patella
Untuk koreksi posisi patella, dengan posisi lutut yang sama, ambil 17 cm KT dan potong membentuk huruf Y berikan 5 cm sebagai jangkar. Letakkan jangkar tepat di atas epikondilus medial tulang femur. Lalu lingkari patella dengan potongan KT tersebut dengan tarikan 25%
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Untuk menginhibisi otot vastus lateralis dan illiotibial band posisikan pasien tidur miring dengan target kaki yang akan diberikan KT berada di atas. Kemudian pasien diminta untuk menekukkan kaki yang menjadi target, lalu panggul hiperekestensikan dan adduksikan. Hal tersebut untuk mengulur otot vastus lateralis dan illiotibial band. Dengan posisi tersebut berikan taping sepanjang otot vastus lateralis tanpa dipotong sisi tengahnya (bentuk huruf I) berikan jangkar 5 cm yang diletakkan di tuberositas tibia dan berikan tarikan ke proksimal 25%.
d. Myofacial Release
Untuk mengurangi ketegangan otot vastus lateralis dan illiotibial band posisikan pasien duduk dengan kaki lurus. Kemudian aplikasikan tehnik koreksi facia pada otot vastus
lateralis dan illiotibial band dengan bentuk Y berikan jangkar 7 cm yang diletakkan sisi
lateral tepat di atas bagian otot yang mengalami ketegangan dan berikan tarikan ke medial 25%.
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Perekat plasebo adalah suatu perekat yang menyerupai kinesiotape namun tidak memiliki kelenturan seperti kinesiotape. Dengan metode pemasangan sama dengan kinesiotape dan dipasangkan selama tiga hari.
G. Organisasi & Key Performance
1. FMS Scorer
a. Menganalisa (dari sisi depan dan samping) dan memberikan nilai fungsional pada Form FMS
b. Menunjukkan gerakan pada FMS dengan benar
c. Memerintahkan pasien untuk melakukan gerakan tersebut
d. Tidak boleh membetulkan gerakan yang sedang dilakukan oleh pasien 2. Examiner
a. Memeriksa kondisi lutut apakah masuk dalam kriteria Inklusi & eksklusi PFPS
b. Mencatat hasil pemeriksaan
c. Memberikan Kinesiotaping & taping placebo pada sampel yang telah di acak sederhana, jika ganjil (1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21) masuk grup Kinesiotape, jika genap (2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22) masuk grup Taping Placebo
3. Data Analyzer
a. Memasukkan data dalam computer
b. Menganalisa data dan menarasikan hasil penelitian c. Menguji statistic dengan SPSS
H. Perlengkapan
104 7. 2 papan jalan
8. Alat Tulis 9. Goniometer
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Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini :
Nama : Umur : Alamat : No. telp : CabOr : Menyatakan bahwa :
1. Saya telah mendapatkan penjelasan segala sesuatu mengenai penelitian “Penggunaan
Kinesiotaping dapat mengurangi resiko cedera berulang dan Q-Angle pada penderita Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome”.
2. Setelah saya memahami penjelasan tersebut, dengan penuh kesadaran dan tanpa paksaan dari siapapun, bersedia ikut serta dalam penelitian ini dengan kondisi:
a. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini akan dijaga kerahasiaanya dan hanya dipergunakan untuk kepentingan ilmiah.
b. Apabila saya inginkan, saya boleh memutuskan untuk keluar/tidak berpartisipasi lagi dalam penelitian ini dengan menginformasikannya kepada peneliti atas keputusannya tanpa harus menyampaikan alasan apapun.
Saksi Tangerang,
Yang Membuat Pernyataan
108
Statistics
Umur_GrupKT Umur_GrupPl TB_GrupKT TB_GrupPl BB_GrupKT BB_GrupPl
N Valid 9 8 9 8 9 8 Missing 8 9 8 9 8 9 Mean 22.11 22.13 176.89 171.13 70.89 68.88 Std. Error of Mean 1.338 .789 2.058 1.260 2.324 3.497 Median 20.00 21.50 180.00 171.00 68.00 68.00 Mode 19 20 180 170a 65a 68 Std. Deviation 4.014 2.232 6.173 3.563 6.972 9.891 Variance 16.111 4.982 38.111 12.696 48.611 97.839 Range 11 5 20 10 21 35 Minimum 19 20 163 165 65 54 Maximum 30 25 183 175 86 89 Sum 199 177 1592 1369 638 551
a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown
Tests of Normality
GRUP
Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
UMUR KT .256 9 .091 .810 9 .027 PLASEBO .204 8 .200* .825 8 .053 TB KT .248 9 .116 .826 9 .041 PLASEBO .165 8 .200* .927 8 .492 BB KT .216 9 .200* .829 9 .044 PLASEBO .213 8 .200* .905 8 .322
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
109
F Sig.
UMUR Equal variances assumed 2.975 .105
Equal variances not assumed
TB Equal variances assumed 1.360 .262
Equal variances not assumed
BB Equal variances assumed .109 .746
Equal variances not assumed
Uji frekuensi kelompok kategori
JK_KT
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid LAKI-LAKI 8 47.1 88.9 88.9 PEREMPUAN 1 5.9 11.1 100.0 Total 9 52.9 100.0 Missing System 8 47.1 Total 17 100.0 JK_PL
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid LAKI-LAKI 7 41.2 87.5 87.5 PEREMPUAN 1 5.9 12.5 100.0 Total 8 47.1 100.0 Missing System 9 52.9 Total 17 100.0
110
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid LAKI-LAKI 15 88.2 88.2 88.2
PEREMPUAN 2 11.8 11.8 100.0
Total 17 100.0 100.0
REG_KT
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid KANAN 7 41.2 77.8 77.8 KIRI 2 11.8 22.2 100.0 Total 9 52.9 100.0 Missing System 8 47.1 Total 17 100.0 REG_PL
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid KANAN 4 23.5 50.0 50.0 KIRI 4 23.5 50.0 100.0 Total 8 47.1 100.0 Missing System 9 52.9 Total 17 100.0 REGIO
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid KANAN 11 64.7 64.7 64.7
KIRI 6 35.3 35.3 100.0
111 SEPAK BOLA 1 5.9 11.1 88.9 VOLI 1 5.9 11.1 100.0 Total 9 52.9 100.0 Missing System 8 47.1 Total 17 100.0 CAB_PL
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid BASKET 4 23.5 50.0 50.0 SEPAK BOLA 1 5.9 12.5 62.5 BADMINTON 1 5.9 12.5 75.0 VOLI 2 11.8 25.0 100.0 Total 8 47.1 100.0 Missing System 9 52.9 Total 17 100.0 CABOR
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid BASKET 11 64.7 64.7 64.7 SEPAK BOLA 2 11.8 11.8 76.5 BADMINTON 1 5.9 5.9 82.4 VOLI 3 17.6 17.6 100.0 Total 17 100.0 100.0
112
GRUP Statistic df Sig.
PRE_FMS KT .906 9 .290 PLASEBO .905 8 .319 FMS_DAY3 KT .895 9 .222 PLASEBO .914 8 .385 PRE_Q KT .564 9 .000 PLASEBO .641 8 .000 Q_DAY3 KT .390 9 .000 PLASEBO .418 8 .000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. Uji hogenitas (levene test)
Levene's Test for Equality of Variances
F Sig.
PRE_FMS Equal variances assumed .062 .807
Equal variances not assumed
FMS_DAY3 Equal variances assumed .026 .873
Equal variances not assumed
PRE_Q Equal variances assumed .093 .765
Equal variances not assumed
Q_DAY3 Equal variances assumed .747 .401