1. Delapan tumbuhan yang diteliti memiliki struktur sekretori pada organ yang digunakan sebagai bahan obat. Trikoma kelenjar merupakan struktur sekretori yang paling umum dijumpai pada bagian organ yang diamati. Struktur sekretori berupa trikoma kelenjar dijumpai pada daun H. capitata, S. obliqua, P. porphyrophyllum, kulit batang P. canescens, dan S. ferrugineus. Rongga sekretori terdapat pada daun C. cf. geniculata. Sel idioblas dijumpai pada daun P. porphyrophyllum, C. cf. geniculata, C. lappacea, H. capitata dan umbi C. lappacea. Saluran sekretori dijumpai di batang L. eugenifolius dan S. ferrugineus.
2. Trikoma kelenjar pada umumnya mengandung senyawa lipofil, terpenoid, dan alkaloid. Rongga sekretori pada daun P. porphyrophyllum mengandung senyawa terpenoid, pada daun C. cf. geniculata mengandung senyawa lipofil dan terpenoid. Sel idioblas pada umbi C. lappacea mengandung alkaloid. Saluran sekretori di empulur batang L. eugenifolius mengandung senyawa lipofil. Kandungan berupa senyawa lipofil juga dijumpai pada sel idioblas di daun H. capitata dan umbi C. lappacea.
3. Analisis GC-MS mendeteksi adanya senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid, asam lemak dan flavonoid. Golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdeteksi dan diduga sebagai obat penyembuhan luka, antiinfeksi dan juga bertindak sebagai agen antibakteri adalah eugenol, nerolidol, farnesol isomer A, neopitadiena, asam oleat, asam palmitat, asam heksadekanoid, isoeugenol, tektokrisin, limonena, hidrokuinon dan vanilin.
Saran
Tumbuhan yang digunakan perlu uji farmakologis untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak tumbuhan dan senyawa tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan mikroba.
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Lampiran 1 Komposisi Larutan Seri Johansen
Komposisi Larutan Larutan Johansen
I II III IV V VI VII
Air 50% 30% 15% - - - - Etanol 95% 40% 50% 50% 45% - - - Etanol 100% - - - - 25% - - Tertier Butil Alkohol 10% 20% 35% 55% 75% 100% 50% Minyak Parafin - - - - - - 50%
38
Lampiran 2 Senyawa Fitokimia Hasil Analisis GC-MS pada Kedelapan Tumbuhan. 1. Hyptis capitata jacq.
Peak R.Time Group Area Conc(%) Peak Report TIC Name 1. 15.633 Terpenoid (Monoterpene) 159030886 18.69 L-Limonene
2. 21.813 Terpenoid 8964401 1.05 Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (CAS) Eugenol 3. 22.552 Alkaloid 29383206 3.45 1H-Indole, 3-methyl- (CAS) 3-Methylindole 4. 22.705 Terpenoid (Sesquiterpene) 8814772 1.04 FARNESOL ISOMER A 5. 22.915 Terpenoid (Sesquiterpene) 10811896 1.27 d-Nerolidol 6. 26.417 Terpenoid (Sesquiterpene)
8734907 1.03 1-Dodecanol, 3,7,11-trimethyl- (CAS) Hexahydrofarnesol 7. 27.717 Terpenoid (diterpene) 24454424 2.87 NEOPHYTADIENE
8. 27.999 Terpenoid 17043839 2.00 DODECA-1,6-DIEN-12-OL, 6,10-DIMETHYL- 9. 28.207 Terpenoid (diterpene) 11252199 1.32 NEOPHYTADIENE
10.28.671 Fatty acid 13380605 1.57 Tetradecanoic acid, methyl-, methyl ester (CAS) Methyl 12-methyltetrade
11.29.191 Fatty acid 12112786 1.42 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)- (CAS) Oleic acid
12.30.656 Fatty acid 9972296 1.17 TRICYCLO[3.2.2.0E2,4]NON-8-EN-EXO-6,EXO-7-DICARBOXIMID, 3,3-DIC
13.31.789 Fatty acid 19635391 2.31 Hexadecanamide (CAS) Amide 16
14.43.507 Fatty acid 17189048 2.02 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaene, 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl- (CAS) Squ
2. Sonerila obliqua Korth.
3. Piper porphyrophyllum Peak# R.Time Area Gologan Golongan Conc(%) Conc%
Peak Report TIC Name 1. 3.034 85836601 Alkaloid 3.16 Methanamine, N-methyl- (CAS) Dimethylamine 2. 15.625 107462546 Terpenoid 3.96 l-Limonene
3. 21.121 22376658 Alkaloid 0.82 1H-Indole (CAS) Indole
4. 22.556 12219654 Alkaloid 0.45 1H-Indole, 3-methyl- (CAS) 3-Methylindole 5. 22.917 7504779 Alkaloid 0.28 2-Propenamide, 2-methyl-N-phenyl-
6. 26.420 11373725 Terpenoid 0.42 1-Dodecanol, 3,7,11-trimethyl- (CAS) Hexahydrofarnesol 7. 27.099 8784636 Alkaloid 0.32 N-PHENYL-N'-FURALDEHYDE HYDRAZONE 8. 28.680 11849617 Fatty acid 0.44 Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (CAS) Methyl palmitate 9. 29.197 9823427 Fatty acid 0.36 Hexadecanoic acid (CAS) Palmitic acid
10. 29.398 15870058 Fatty acid 0.58 (Z)6-Pentadecen-1-ol
11. 31.785 23685295 Fatty acid 0.87 Hexadecanamide (CAS) Amide 16
12. 34.139 12495498 Fatty acid 0.46 9-Octadecenamide, (Z)- (CAS) OLEOAMIDE 13. 35.580 14579487 Sesquiterpene 0.54 Dodecane, 2,6,10-trimethyl- (CAS) Farnesane
14. 40.136 944461401 Flavonoid 34.78 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-phenyl- (CAS) Tectochrysin
15. 45.594 1209015990 Flavonoid 44.53 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dimethoxy-2-phenyl- (CAS) DIMETHYL CHRYS
Peak#
Peak# R.Time R.Ti Area Golongan Golongan
Conc(%)
Conc% Peak Report TIC Name 1. 3.54
7 50348394 Terpenoid 1.72 1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl- (CAS) Isoprene 2. 15.61
0 44750245 Terpenoid 1.52 l-Limonene 3. 18.17
8
11428194 Alkaloid 0.39 BENZENEPROPANOIC ACID, .ALPHA.-(HYDROXYIMINO)- 4. 19.89
4 33477171 Fatty acid 1.14 3 HEXENOIC ACID 5. 22.56
1
22164059 Alkaloid 0.76 1H-Indole, 3-methyl- (CAS) 3-Methylindole 6. 22.69
7 10986616 Sesquiterpene alcohol 0.37 Trans-Ranesol 7. 23.78
8
49914006 Terpenoid 1.70 (-)-Isopulegol 8. 24.08
0
93453229 Alkaloid 3.18 1H-Indole, 2,3-dimethyl- (CAS) 2,3-Dimethylindole 9. 26.04 7 10852774 Alkaloid 0.37 5-ACETAMIDO-5-PROPYLUNDECANE 10. 27.11 3 12118352 Terpenoid 0.41 Psoralene 11. 27.72 8
39456961 alkohol diterpen asiklik 1.34 2-Hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-, [R-[R*,R*-(E)]]- (CAS) Phytol 12. 28.21
8
18178985 alkohol diterpen asiklik 0.62 2-Hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-, [R-[R*,R*-(E)]]- (CAS) Phytol 13. 28.93
0
21926032 Alkaloid 0.75 1,4-diaza-2,5-dioxo-3-isobutyl bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane 14. 29.28
2
124426185 Fatty acid 4.24 Hexadecanoic acid (CAS) Palmitic acid