Simpulan
Dari kelima jenis sanitaiser komersial yang diuji, sanitaiser X dan Z pada konsentrasi 0.015 % merupakan sanitaiser yang paling efektif dalam menginaktivasi S. Typhimurium dengan nilai reduksi masing-masing sebesar 9.29 log CFU/mL dan 9.23 log CFU/mL, sedangkan sanitaiser X pada konsentrasi 0.005 % merupakan sanitaiser yang paling efektif dalam menginaktivasi S. aureus
dengan nilai reduksi sebesar 9.29 log CFU/mL. Selain itu, S. aureus bersifat lebih peka terhadap sanitaiser komersial dibandingkan dengan S. Typhimurium karena dinding sel bakteri Gram positif lebih mudah dimasuki oleh sanitaiser. Dalam hal mereduksi biofilm S. Typhimurium dan S. aureus, sanitaiser X lebih efektif dibandingkan sanitaiser Z. Hal ini disebabkan sanitaiser X mengandung komponen quats yang lebih dominan. Quats merupakan sanitaiser sekaligus surfaktan kationik sehingga quats dapat melarutkan EPS yang dibentuk biofilm dan membuat mikroba menjadi lebih sensitif terhadap sanitaiser.
Saran
Penelitian lebih lanjut terkait topik efektivitas sanitaiser komersial dalam menginaktivasi bakteri patogen dan biofilm dapat diarahkan pada pengkajian residu sanitaiser komersial terhadap kesehatan manusia. Selain itu, dapat pula dilakukan penelitian mengenai evaluasi efektivitas sanitaiser komersial untuk menginaktivasi bakteri pembusuk.
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21 Lampiran 1 Konfirmasi S. Typhimurium pada pewarnaan Gram dan media selektif
Keterangan:
A : Morfologi S. Typhimurium pada pewarnaan Gram (perbesaran 1000x) B : S. Typhimurium pada media selektif XLDA
C : S. Typhimurium pada media selektif TSIA D : S. Typhimurium pada media selektif LIA
Lampiran 2 Konfirmasi S. aureus pada pewarnaan Gram dan media selektif
Keterangan:
A : Morfologi S.aureus pada pewarnaan Gram (perbesaran 1000x) B : S. aureus pada media selektif BPA
Lampiran 3 Larutan stok sanitaiser komersial
Keterangan: A : Quats D : Sanitaiser Y B : PAA E : Sanitaiser Z C : Sanitaiser X A B C D A B A B C D E Quats PAA X Y Z
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Lampiran 4 Data jumlah dan log reduksi S. Typhimurium
Sanitaiser
Konsentrasi penggunaan
(%v/v)
Jumlah mikroba (log CFU/mL) Reduksi jumlah mikroba (log CFU/mL) Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 Χ ± SD Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 Χ ± SD Quats 0.000 8.95 9.08 9.02 ± 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 8.78 8.92 8.85 ± 0.10 0.17 0.16 0.17 ± 0.01 0.010 8.51 8.61 8.56 ± 0.07 0.44 0.47 0.46 ± 0.02 0.015 1.77 2.47 2.12 ± 0,49 7.18 6.61 6.90 ± 0.40 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 8.95 9.08 9.02 ± 0.09 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 8.95 9.08 9.02 ± 0.09 PAA 0.000 9.28 9.35 9.32 ± 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 9.05 9.24 9.15 ± 0.13 0.23 0.11 0.17 ± 0.08 0.010 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.35 9.32 ± 0.05 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.35 9.32 ± 0.05 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.35 9.32 ± 0.05 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.35 9.32 ± 0.05 X 0.000 9.27 9.31 9.29 ± 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 8.79 9.10 8.95 ± 0.22 0.48 0.21 0.35 ± 0.19 0.010 0.00 1.55 0.78 ± 1.10 6.27 7.76 7.02 ± 1.05 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.27 9.31 9.29 ± 0.03 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.27 9.31 9.29 ± 0.03 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.27 9.31 9.29 ± 0.03 Y 0.000 9.46 9.42 9.44 ± 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 9.26 9.36 9.31 ± 0.07 0.20 0.06 0.13 ± 0.10 0.010 9.22 9.30 9.26 ± 0.06 0.24 0.12 0.18 ± 0.08 0.015 9.16 9.26 9.21 ± 0.07 0.30 0.16 0.23 ± 0.10 0.020 9.03 8.94 8.99 ± 0.06 0.43 0.48 0.46 ± 0.04 0.025 0.00 3.84 1.92 ± 2.72 9.46 5.58 7.52 ± 2.74 Z 0.000 9.36 9.10 9.23 ± 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 9.32 9.02 9.17 ± 0.21 0.04 0.08 0.06 ± 0.03 0.010 0.00 1.40 0.70 ± 0.99 9.36 7.70 8.53 ± 1.17 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.36 9.10 9.23 ± 0.18 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.36 9.10 9.23 ± 0.18 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.36 9.10 9.23 ± 0.18
23 Lampiran 5 Data jumlah dan log reduksi S. aureus
Sanitaiser
Konsentrasi penggunaan
(%v/v)
Jumlah mikroba (log CFU/mL) Reduksi jumlah mikroba (log CFU/mL) Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 Χ ± SD Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 Χ ± SD Quats 0.000 9.26 9.28 9.27 ± 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 4.60 5.08 4.84 ± 0.34 4.66 4.20 4.43 ± 0.33 0.010 2.38 2.20 2.29 ± 0,13 6.88 7.08 6.98 ± 0.14 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.26 9.28 9.27 ± 0.01 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.26 9.28 9.27 ± 0.01 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.26 9.28 9.27 ± 0.01 PAA 0.000 9.53 9.32 9.43 ± 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 8.68 9.00 8.84 ± 0.23 0.85 0.32 0.59 ± 0.37 0.010 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.53 9.32 9.43 ± 0.15 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.53 9.32 9.43 ± 0.15 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.53 9.32 9.43 ± 0.15 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.53 9.32 9.43 ± 0.15 X 0.000 9.28 9.30 9.29 ± 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.30 9.29 ± 0.01 0.010 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.30 9.29 ± 0.01 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.30 9.29 ± 0.01 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.30 9.29 ± 0.01 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.28 9.30 9.29 ± 0.01 Y 0.000 9.59 9.32 9.46 ± 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 9.20 9.20 9.20 ± 0.00 0.39 0.12 0.26 ± 0.19 0.010 7.23 7.26 7.25 ± 0.02 2.36 2.06 2.21 ± 0.21 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.59 9.32 9.46 ± 0.19 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.59 9.32 9.46 ± 0.19 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.59 9.32 9.46 ± 0.19 Z 0.000 9.45 9.32 9.39 ± 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.005 9.18 9.08 9.13 ± 0.07 0.27 0.24 0.26 ± 0.02 0.010 1.40 0.00 0.70 ± 0.99 8.05 9.32 8.69 ± 0.90 0.015 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.45 9.32 9.39 ± 0.09 0.020 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.45 9.32 9.39 ± 0.09 0.025 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 9.45 9.32 9.39 ± 0.09
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Lampiran 6 Perhitungan volume NB dan larutan stok sanitaiser komersial yang diperlukan pada berbagai konsentrasi
Konsentrasi sanitaiser (%v/v)
(M2)
Jumlah sanitaiser stok yang diperlukan (mL) (V1) Kultur (mL) NB (mL) Volume total (mL) (V2) 0.000 0.000 0.05 4.950 5.00 0.005 0.025 0.05 4.925 5.00 0.010 0.050 0.05 4.900 5.00 0.015 0.075 0.05 4.875 5.00 0.020 0.100 0.05 4.850 5.00 0.025 0.125 0.05 4.825 5.00 Contoh perhitungan:
Konsentrasi larutan stok sanitaiser quats (M1) = 1.000 % Konsentrasi sanitaiser quats yang diinginkan (M2) = 0.010 % Volume total (V2) = 5.00 mL
Sehingga volume larutan stok sanitaiser quats yang diperlukan (V1), yaitu: 1 % x V1 = 0.010 % x 5.00 mL
V1 = 0.05 mL dan volume NB yang diperlukan, yaitu:
volume NB = V2 - V1 - volume kultur = 5.00 mL - 0.05 mL - 0.05 mL = 4.90 mL
Lampiran 7 Data densitas dan log reduksi densitas biofilm
Bakteri Sanitaiser
Konsentrasi penggunaan
(%v/v)
Densitas biofilm (log CFU/cm2) Reduksi densitas biofilm (log CFU/cm2) Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 Χ ± SD Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 Χ ± SD S. Typhimurium X 0.000 5.14 4.89 5.02 ± 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.125 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 5.14 4.89 5.02 ± 0.18 0.250 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 5.14 4.89 5.02 ± 0.18 0.500 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 5.14 4.89 5.02 ± 0.18 1.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 5.14 4.89 5.02 ± 0.18 Z 0.000 4.77 4.62 4.70 ± 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.125 3.13 2.91 3.02 ± 0.16 1.64 1.71 1.68 ± 0.05 0.250 1.67 0.30 0.99 ± 0.97 3.10 4.32 3.71 ± 0.86 0.500 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 4.77 4.62 4.70 ± 0.11 1.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 4.77 4.62 4.70 ± 0.11 S. aureus X 0.000 5.33 5.49 5.41 ± 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.125 3.22 4.31 3.77 ± 0.77 2.11 1.18 1.65 ± 0.66 0.250 2.89 3.51 3.20 ± 0.44 2.44 1.98 2.21 ± 0.33 0.500 2.48 2.54 2.51 ± 0.04 2.85 2.95 2.90 ± 0.07 1.000 1.53 1.42 1.48 ± 0.08 3.80 4.07 3.94 ± 0.19 Z 0.000 5.36 5.27 5.32 ± 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.125 5.09 4.12 4.61 ± 0.69 0.28 1.15 0.72 ± 0.62 0.250 4.61 4.01 4.31 ± 0.42 0.75 1.26 1.01 ± 0.36 0.500 4.05 3.52 3.79 ± 0.37 1.31 1.75 1.53 ± 0.31 1.000 2.59 2.60 2.60 ± 0.01 2.78 2.67 2.73 ± 0.08
25 Lampiran 8 Hasil analisis uji ANOVA dan Duncan untuk reduksi S. Typhimurium
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27 Lampiran 10 Hasil analisis uji ANOVA dan Duncan untuk reduksi biofilm
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Lampiran 11 Hasil analisis uji ANOVA dan Duncan untuk reduksi biofilm