PEMBAHASAN UMUM
SIMPULAN UMUM DAN SARAN
Simpulan
1. Iradiasi sinar gamma menghasilkan keragaman fenotipik yang luas, dimana dihasilkan 72.5% mutan putatif.
2. Iradiasi sinar gamma menyebabkan keragaman, terlihat pada nilai ragam laju pertumbuhan relatif kultur kalus handeuleum aksesi Kalimantan dan Papua.
Saran
1. Melanjutkan penelitian evaluasi pertumbuhan dan morfologi pada stek pucuk hasil iradiasi sampai beberapa generasi untuk mendapatkan mutan yang stabil. 2. Melanjutkan regenerasi tanaman dari kalus hasil iradiasi sinar gamma pada
kultur kalus sampai didapat planlet.
3. Melakukan pengamatan di tingkat sitologi dan DNA, untuk mengetahui pengaruh iradiasi terhadap kromosom dan DNA.
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Lampiran 1 Analisis fitokimia
a. Uji alkaloid
Satu gram sampel daun digerus dan ditambahkan 1.5 ml kloroform dan tiga tetes amoniak. Fraksi kloroform dipisahkan dan diasamkan dengan lima tetes
H2SO4 2 M. Fraksi asam dibagi menjadi tiga tabung kemudian masing-masing
ditambahkan pereaksi Dragendorf, Meyer, dan Wagner. Adanya alkaloid ditandai dengan terbentuknya endapan putih pada pereaksi Meyer, endapan merah pada pereaksi Dragendorf, dan endapan cokelat pada pereaksi Wagner.
b. Uji flavonoid
Sebanyak 0.5 g daun sampel ditambahkan dengan methanol sampai
terendam lalu dipanaskan. Filtrat ditambahkan dengan lima tetes H2SO4,
terbentuknya warna merah karena penambahan H2SO4 menunjukkan adanya
senyawa flavonoid.
c. Uji saponin
Sebanyak 0.5 g sampel ditambahkan air secukupnya dan dipanaskan selama lima menit. Larutan tersebut didinginkan kemudian dikocok selama ±10 menit dan bila menimbulkan busa menunjukkan adanya saponin.
d. Uji triterpenoid dan steroid
Satu gram sampel ditambahkan 2 ml etanol lalu dipanaskan dan disaring. Filtratnya diuapkan kemudian ditambahkan dengan eter. Lapisan eter ditambahkan dengan pereaksi Liebermen Burchard (tiga tetes asetat anhidrat dan
satu tetes H2SO4 pekat). Warna merah atau ungu yang terbentuk menunjukkan
adanya triterpenoid dan warna hijau adanya steroid.
e. Uji tannin
Lima gram sampel ditambahkan air kemudian didihkan selama beberapa
menit. Disaring dan filtrat ditambahkan dengan 3 tetes FeCl3, warna biru tua atau
Lampiran 2 Analisis klorofil dan antosianin
Klorofil dianalisis menggunakan metode Sims (2002). Pelaksanaannya adalah sebagai berikut: sampel daun diambil menggunakan alat pelubang yang berdiameter 1 085 cm. Sampel dimasukkan ke dalam mortar kemudian diberi 1 ml asetris (aseton) dengan menggunakan mikropipet, sampel daun digerus dan ditambah 1 ml asetris (aseton) lagi. Setelah itu dihomogenkan, lalu dimasukkan ke microtube 2 ml setelah sebelumnya diberi label sesuai perlakuan. Kemudian
dimasukkan ke centrifuge 14 000 rpm selama 10 menit, 1 ml supernatan dan
± 3 ml asetris dipipet ke dalam tabung reaksi dan dimasukkan ke dalam
spektrofotometer (Vortex → 663, 647, 537, dan 470). Selanjutnya dilakukan
Lampiran 3 Analisis isoezim