ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
27. It sprang at me, one thousand pounds of
monster, and I had no choice but to turn and jump. (pg. 93)
Makhluk itu merangsek maju ke arahku, lima ratus kilo monster, dan aku tak punya pilihan kecuali untuk berpaling dan melompat. (pg. 185)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
28. It made the mistake of roaring at me, and I got an ice-cream sandwich in its throat. (pg. 95)
Ia berbuat kesalahan dengan mengaum padaku, dan aku memasukkan roti es
krim ke dalam
kerongkongannya. (pg. 189)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
29. "And pastries," Grover said dreamily. (pg. 106)
“Dan kue-kue,” ujar Grover penuh harapan. (pg. 208)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences. 30. Below, the mountain Di bawah, gunung Shift that occurs due to
79 dropped away into a
snow-filled gorge about seventy feet below. (pg. 112)
menukik curam ke lembah yang penuh salju sekitar dua puluh meteran ke bawah. (pg. 222)
cultural differences.
31. I have no idea how many miles we covered, but the mountains faded into the distance and were replaced by miles of flat, dry land. (pg. 115)
Aku sama sekali tak tahu berapa kilometer jauh perjalanan yang kami tempuh, tapi pegunungan mengabur di kejauhan dan digantikan oleh berkilo-kilometer
dataran yang kering dan rata. (pg. 226)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
32. The lights inside the taqueria suddenly blazed to life. (pg. 120)
Lampu-lampu di dalam kedai Meksiko itu tiba -tiba menyala. (pg. 230)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
33. The girl I'd just tried to slice in half yelped and dropped her Kleenex. (pg. 140)
Gadis yang tadi kucoba belah jadi dua memekik dan menjatuhkan tisunya. (pg. 272)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
34. Then the skeletons turned around. "Gotta go!" (pg. 142)
Kemudian para kerangka itu berbalik.
“Dadaaah!” (pg. 275)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences. 35. They were weathered
brown except for their toes, which shone like new pennies from all the times people had rubbed them for good luck. (pg. 143)
Tubuh mereka cokelat kusam kecuali untuk jari-jari mereka, yang berkilat seperti uang koin baru akibat dari sekian lamanya orang- orang menggosoknya untuk keberuntungan. (pg. 278)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
36. "Sheesh, can't statues have a sense of humor?" (pg. 147)
“Ampun deh, apa patung nggak boleh punya selera humor?” (pg. 285)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
37. I smelled grapes and something more sour— wine. (pg. 158)
Aku menghirup aroma anggur dan sesuatu yang lebih masam— minuman
memabukkan. (pg.
305)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
80 38. "You have no right to
interfere, little hero. This is a family matter." (pg. 173)
”Kau tak punya hak untuk turut campur, pahlawan ingusan. Ini
adalah urusan keluarga.” (pg. 332)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
39. I put on a few million extra pounds. (pg. 174)
Aku menambah beberapa juta kilo
bobot ekstra. (pg. 333)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences. 40. Each god and goddess
was about fifteen feet tall. (pg. 190)
Setiap dewa dan dewi tingginya sekitar empat setengah meter. (pg. 363)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
41. He held out his hand, and a trident appeared in it: a twenty foot long bronze shaft with three spear tips that shimmered with blue, watery light. (pg. 195)
Dia mengulurkan tangannya, dan sebuah trisula muncul di telapaknya: sebuah gagang perunggu sepanjang enam meter dengan tiga mata tombak yang berdenyar dengan cahaya air biru. (pg. 373)
Shift that occurs due to cultural differences.
1. SL : He pronounced his J like in Jacques (pg. 3)
TL : Dia mengucapkan huruf r-nya seperti setengah cadel setengah berkumur (pg. 6)
The example above clearly shows shift in translation that occurred due to cultural differences. In the SL, the speaker says that his opponent of conversation has a unique way of speaking just like the French people pronounce Jacques. But as can be seen in the TL, the translator completely changes the literal translation of it. If it is translated literally, then the translation product would be ‘huruf J-nya seperti di Jacques’. But instead of translating it that way, the translator adjusts it with the culture of the TL which is Indonesian Language. That is why; she translates it as ‘huruf r-nya seperti setengah cadel setengah berkumur’. She
81 realizes if she translates it literally, the target readers could hardly understand what it is about in light of the fact that Indonesian people have no idea how J sounds like in Jacques but they absolutely know how ‘huruf r seperti setengah cadel setengah berkumur’ is. They both actually share the same idea that the speaker has a unique way of speaking, the difference is how the translator conveys that idea in order to make the target readers understand it. That is why she adjusts it according to the culture of Indonesia.
2. SL : Girls moved around in football huddles, the way they always do, wearing lots of makeup and spaghetti-strap tops (pg. 5)
TL : Anak-anak perempuan berjalan-jalan dalam satu kerumunan regu sepakbola, seperti yang biasa mereka lakukan, mengenakan banyak riasan wajah dan pakaian atasan bertali (pg. 11)
Spaghetti-strap top is a kind of woman cloth with strap that looks like spaghetti on top. Instead of literally translate it as ‘pakaian atas seperti spageti’; the translator translates it as ‘pakaian atasan bertali’ which actually share the same idea. The translator is aware that the term ‘spaghetti’ does not exist in the culture of Indonesia, that is why she changes it with the word ‘bertali’ instead which actually looks like the ‘spaghetti’ itself.
3. SL : They both had dark silky hair and olive skin (pg. 5) TL : Mereka berdua memiliki rambut hitam lurus dan kulit
kecokelatan (pg. 11)
The word ‘olive’ shares the same meaning with ‘buah zaitun’ in Indonesian Language. Therefore, the term ‘olive skin’ can be translated as ‘kulit yang
82 berwarna buah zaitun’. But, in order to make it easier for the readers to understand how ‘olive skin’ looks like, the translator then adjusts it with the culture of Indonesia and simply translates it as ‘kulit kecokelatan’.
4. SL : About fifty feet away, lying on the gym floor, was a floppy green cap just like the one Bianca di Angelo had been wearing. (pg. 9) TL : Sekitar lima belas meter dari tempatku berdiri, tergeletak di
lantai gimnasium, adalah sebuah topi hijau berkelepai sama persis seperti yang tadi dikenakan Bianca di Angelo. (pg. 18) In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘fifty feet’ is translated as ‘lima belas meter’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length or depth used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length or depth varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of length or depth used by Indonesian people is metre. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘fifty feet’ as ‘lima belas meter’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. One foot is approximately equal with 0, 3 metre. Therefore, she translates ‘fifty feet’ with ‘lima belas meter’. 5. SL : The pen grew in my hands until I held a bronze Greek sword
about three feet long with a leather-bound grip. (pg. 9)
TL : Pena itu tumbuh membesar di tanganku sampai kugenggam pedang perunggu Yunani sepanjang satu meter dengan gagang bersampul-kulit. (pg. 19)
83 In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘three feet’ is translated as ‘satu meter’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length or depth used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length or depth varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of length or depth used by Indonesian people is metre. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘three feet’ as ‘satu meter’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. One foot is approximately equal with 0, 3 metre. Therefore, she translates ‘three feet’ with ‘satu meter’.
6. SL : My coat and shirt were pinned to the wall by some kind of spike—a black dagger-like projectile about a foot long. (pg. 10) TL : Mantel dan kemejaku tertancap ke dinding oleh suatu tusukan—
sebuah proyektil seperti belati hitam sekitar tiga puluh senti. (pg. 20)
In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘a foot’ is translated as ‘tiga puluh senti’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length or depth used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The scales of length or depth that are commonly used by Indonesian people are metre and its descendant, such as sentimeter. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘a foot’ as ‘tiga puluh senti’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. Unlike the previous data, in this case, the translator chooses to adjust foot with ‘senti’not
84 ‘meter’. It is because; the context is about the length of a projectile. There is no need to use ‘meter’ to scale it for it is a tiny thing. One foot is equal with 30 sentimeter. Therefore, she translates ‘a foot’ with ’tiga puluh senti’.
7. SL : The second thorn impaled itself in the stone wall, half an inch from her face. (pg. 10)
TL : Duri kedua menancap ke tembok batu, hanya berjarak satu senti dari wajahnya. (pg. 21)
In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘half an inch’ is translated as ‘satu senti’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length or depth used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The scales of length or depth that are commonly used by Indonesian people are metre and its descendant, such as sentimeter. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘half an inch’ as ‘satu senti’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. One inch is approximately equal with 2,5 sentimeter. Therefore, she translates ‘half an inch’ with ’satu senti’.
8. SL : At least, I sensedthe sea was down there, hundreds of feet below. (pg. 12)
TL : Setidaknya, aku merasakan adanya laut di bawah sana, ratusan meter di bawah. (pg. 24)
In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘hundreds of feet’ is translated as ‘ratusan meter’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length or depth used
85 in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length or depth varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of depth used by Indonesian people is metre. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘hundreds of feet’ as ‘ratusan meter’. She adjusts the scale of depth based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. Therefore, she translates ‘hundreds of feet’ with ‘ratusan meter’.
9. SL : But then I looked down and saw something navy blue lying in the snow. (pg. 21)
TL : Tapi lalu aku memandang ke bawah dan melihat sesuatu berwarna biru gelap tergeletak di atas salju. (pg. 43)
The color of ‘navy blue’ refers to the color of the uniform of navy in America. But since the color of navy in Indonesia is white instead of blue, then the translator chooses to use descriptive translation to convey the idea of navy blue to the target readers who completely have a different idea about the color of navy uniform with the SL. She then translates ‘navy blue’ with its description which is ‘biru gelap’.
10.SL : Hanging out with only middle school girls forever. (pg. 26) TL : Terus-terusan bergaul dengan hanya gadis -gadis a-be-ge seumur
hidup. (pg. 53)
The term ‘middle school girls’ refers to young girls who are in their middle schools time. As can be seen in above, the translator translates it as ‘gadis-gadis a-be-ge’. The term ‘a-be-ge’ or ABG stands for Anak Baru Gede. This term is
86 only known in Indonesia. It refers to young girls or boys. The term ‘middle school girls’ and ‘‘gadis-gadis a-be-ge’ basically share the same idea. The translator chooses to translator it that way instead of literally translating it as ‘gadis-gadis sekolah menengah’ to give a sense of informal term and also to make it easier for the readers to absorb the idea by using a most common term that are widely known by Indonesian people.
11.SL : "No. Too young." (pg. 32) TL : “Tidak. Terlalu kecil.” (pg. 67)
The word ‘young’ in the SL shows that the object of conversation is a young boy. In Indonesian Language, ‘young’ shares the same meaning with ‘muda’. But in this case, instead of translating with ‘muda’, the translator translates it with ‘kecil’. It is done because people of Indonesia love to say ‘anak kecil’ instead of ‘anak muda’ for the reason that Indonesian people often measure someone else’s age by using the term ‘kecil’ (small) or ‘besar’ (big) instead of using ‘tua’ (old) or ‘muda’ (young) like the majority of English people do. But those terms basically share the same idea depends on the context. In this case, the term ‘young’ and ‘kecil’ share the same idea. The term ‘kecil’ used by the translator means that the object of conversation is too ‘young’.
12.SL : I mean, yeah, that was a Japanese compact. (pg. 34) TL : Memang sih, itu adalah mobil sedan Jepang. (pg. 69)
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines ‘compact’ as ‘a small car’. In Indonesia, a small sized car is called as ‘mobil sedan’. That is why the translator
87 then translator translates ‘compact’ with the term that is used in Indonesia which is ‘mobil sedan’.
13.SL : Now we were heading straight toward the Atlantic Ocean at a thousand miles an hour (pg. 35)
TL : Sekarang kami melesat lurus menuju Laut Atlantik dengan kecepatan ribuan kilometer per jam. (pg. 70)
In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘a thousand miles’ is translated as ‘ribuan kilometer’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of speed used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of speed is mile per hour, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of length used by Indonesian people is kilometer per hour (kilometer per jam). Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘a thousand miles’ as ‘ribuan kilometer’. She adjusts the scale of speed based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people.
14.SL : "She just has to learn to— WHOA!" (pg. 35)
TL : “Dia hanya perlu belajar untuk—ALAMAK!” (pg. 70)
The exclamation ‘whoa’ or ‘wow’ are used when people feel surprised or terrified. In this case, the translator translates the expression ‘whoa’ with the expression that is commonly used by Indonesian people. It is ‘alamak’. Just like ‘whoa’, ‘alamak’ is often used by Indonesian people when they get surprised or terrified. The translator can just translate it with ‘wow’, but she does not do it. It is because the expression ‘wow’ is also often used by English people, the
88 translator tries to avoid using English term, that is why she chooses to translate it with ‘alamak’, the term that is commonly used by Indonesian people.
15.SL : We were only a few hundred yards away now. (pg. 35) TL : Kami sudah berjarak beberapa ratus meter sekarang. (pg. 71) In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘a few hundred yards’ is translated as ‘beberapa ratus meter’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of length used by Indonesian people is metre. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘a few hundred yards’ as ‘beberaparatus meter’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. Therefore, she translates ‘a few hundred yards’ with ‘beberaparatus meter’.
16.SL : "Tell her hello!" He beamed. "Hello to Annabeth!" (pg. 45) TL : “Sampaikan salam untuknya!” Dia berbinar. “Salam buat
Annabeth!” (pg. 90)
The expression ‘hello’ is used by English people to greet someone else. But if the translator literally translates the SL as “Sampaikan halo untuknya!” Dia berbinar. “Halo buat Annabeth!”it sounds awkward for the target readers because that is not how Indonesian people usually say when they want to say hello to someone else. People of Indonesia tend to say ‘kirim salam’ instead of ‘kirim halo’. Relying on that matter, the translator translates it as “Sampaikan
89 salam untuknya!” Dia berbinar. “Salam buat Annabeth!”It is more accepted by the target readers because that is according to their culture.
17.SL : The top boulder was twenty feet tall and really hard to climb. (pg. 55)
TL : Puncak batunya setinggi enam meter dan sulit buat dipanjat. (pg. 108)
In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘twenty feet’ is translated as ‘enam meter’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of length used by Indonesian people is metre. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘twenty feet’ as ‘enam meter’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. One foot is equal with 0, 3 metre. Therefore, she translates ‘twenty feet’ with ‘enam meter’.
18.SL : I was ten yards away before Bianca managed to yell for help. (pg. 56)
TL : Aku sudah beranjak sepuluh meter dari situ sebelum Bianca berhasil teriak meminta bantuan, (pg. 111)
In the data above, it can be seen that the scale ‘ten yards’ is translated as ‘sepuluh meter’ in the TL. There are differences of scale of length used in America and Indonesia. In America, the scale of length varies from yard, foot, inch, etc, while in Indonesia, there is no such scale. The most common scale of length used by
90 Indonesian people is metre. Relying on that fact, that is the reason why then the translator translates ‘ten yards’ as ‘sepuluh meter’. She adjusts the scale of length based on the one used by the target readers which in this case is Indonesian people. One yard is approximately equal with 1 metre. Therefore, she translates