CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
E. Technique of Collecting the Data
Collecting data is one of the most crucial parts in a research.
Pertaining to Arikunto (2013) instrument of the research as a tool or facility that the researcher used to collect data in order to make the research process easier and got the better result, accurate, complete, methodical, and easy to evaluate. In order to got the data which were needed to complete this research, the researcher used the test. The test did twice, the first was pre-test that gave before treatment, and the second was
post-test that gave after treatment intended to obtained students‟ writing ability in descriptive text at the tenth grade of MAN 2 Kampar.
1. Test
Test used to written test by using Quizizz on students‟ writing descriptive text. Pertaining to Brown (2007, p.3), test means that a method of measuring of a person‟s ability, knowledge, or performance in given domain. To obtain the students‟ writing ability in descriptive text by using quizizz, the writer gave the test.
a. Pre-test
Pre-test gave before treatment. According to Creswell (2012) pre-test provide a measure on some attribute or characteristic that you asses for participant in an experimental before they receive the treatment. Pre-test used to collect the data about witing descriptive text using quizizz of the students‟ before giving treatment to the experimental class and before giving no treatment to the control class. The test gave to class X MIA 1 as control class and class X MIA 2 as experiment class.
b. Post-test
Post test gave after teaching several time. It gave to both of the class. Post test to collect the data about writing ability in descriptive text using quizizz of the students‟ after giving treatment to the experimental class and after giving no treatment to the control class. According to Gay (2012) post test score compared to
determine the effectiveness of the treatment. So that score of test compared to know the effect of the treatment. The test gave to class X MIA 1 as control class and class X MIA 2 as experiment class.
Table III. 4
Blueprint of Pre-Test and Post Test
Test Instruction Score
1. pre-test
Please write your full name, class,
and date! This score as judge by a rubric
consist of content, organization, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics in general statment and part description.
Please create a descriptive text that decribe about yourself. You describe detaily in 3-5 paragraphs and you have 30 minutes to finish this task. Good luck my students!
2. post-test
Please write your full name, class, and date!
This score as judge by a rubric.
consist of content, organization, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics in general statment and part description.
Please create a descriptive text that decribe about yourself You describe detaily in 3-5 paragraphs.
Describe detail and you have 40 minutes to finish this task. Good luck my students!
Table III. 5
The rubric for Assessing writing descriptive text (Brown 2007)
Aspect Score Performance Descriptive Weighting
4 The topic is complete and clear and the details are relating to the topic
Content (C) 30% 3X
Topic 3
The topic is complete and clear but the details are almost relating to the topic
Detail 2
The topic is complete and clear but the details are not relating to the topic
1 The topic is not clear and the details are not relating to the topic
Organization (O) 20 %
4
Identification is complete and descriptions are arranged with
proper Connectives 2X
Identificatio
n 3
Identification is almost complete and descriptions are arranged with almost proper connectives
Description 2 Identification is not complete
1
Identification is not complete and descriptions are arranged with misuse of Connectives
Grammar (G) 20%
4 Very few grammatical or agreement
Inaccuracies 2X
3
Few grammatical or agreement inaccuracies but not effect on meaning
2 Numerous grammatical or
agreement Inaccuracies
1 Frequent grammatical or agreement Inaccuracies
Vocabulary (V) 15%
4 Effective choice of words forms 1,5%
3
Few grammatical or agreement inaccuracies but not effect on meaning
2 Limited range confusing words and word Forms
1 Very poor knowledge or words, words form, and not understandable
Mechanics (M) 15%
4 It uses correct spelling, punctuation
and capitalization 1,5%
3 It has occasional errors of spelling, punctuation and capitalization 2 It has frequent errors of spelling,
punctuation and capitalization 1 It has dominated by errors spelling
punctuation and capitalization.
Score = 3C + 2O + 2G + 1.5V + 1.5M 5 x 10
= 400/5
= 80
Table III.6
The classification of Students’ Score Likert scale (Harmer 2006, 24-25)
Score Categories 80 – 100 Very good
66 – 79 Good 56 – 65 Enough 40 – 45 Less 30 – 39 Fail
In term of the normality test of the data, it was analyzed by using Shapiro-Wilk technique with SPSS 22 version. The SPSS result of Shapiro- Wilk test can be interpreted as follows:
Ho : The data are normally distributed Ha : The data are abnormally distributed Testing Criteria:
If the probability (sig) > 0.05 Ho is accepted If the probability (sig) < 0.05 Ho is rejected
After knowing that the data were normally distributed the researcher need independent sample T-test analysis in order to know whether or not there is significant difference between students‟ writing ability without and by using the Write Pair Square technique of descriptive
texts. Furthermore, the SPSS 23 result of Independent Sample T-test can be interpreted as follows:
Hypothesis:
Ho : Variance population was identical Hypothesis:
Ha : Variance population was not identical Testing Criteria:
If the value in Sig. (2-tailed) ≤ 0.05, then Ha is accepted.
If the value in Sig. (2-tailed) ≥ 0.05, then Ho is accepted.
Furthermore, in order to find out whether or not there is significant effect of using the Write Pair Square Technique on the students‟ writing ability of descriptive texts, the researcher needed to provide the effect size or (Eta squared) by using SPSS 23 software.
Gain Score Hake,R.R, (1999)
Percentace Category
< 40 No effective
40 – 50 Less effective 56 – 75 Enough effective
> 76 Effective