ALLUVIUM~

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Unit

Approx.

Area (%)

Land forms

Dolerite hills and ridges: stony summits and crests, upper slopes up to 70 per cent, dense mantle of dolerite cobbles and boulders; relief 20 to 200

ffi.

Soils

Dolerite outcrop and boulders with little soil.

- - - -

2 7

3 15

4 12

5 3

6 ⁸

Upper benched slopes: benches up to 1 km long by 50 m wide sloping up to 6 per cent, separated by short slopes up to 25 per cent, dense dolerite boulder mantle.

Lower footslopes: concave slopes up

{O about 3 per cent extending up to 500 m downslope, dissected up to I m by small runnels and creeks.

Low rises and gently undulating plains: gently rounded surfaces up to 3 km in extent, marginal slopes up to 2 per cent, relief usually less than 15 m.

Drainage floors and channels: floors up to 300 m wide, gradients 1 in tOO to I in 300 mostly small channels up to 5 m wide and incised to 1 m, occasional larger creek channels up to 25 m wide.

Lower plains with sluggish drainage:

nearly flat plains up to 3 km by 1 km in extent, gilgai microrelief, patches of dolerite cobbles on surface.

Shallow, very stony red seasonal cracking clay soils. Ug 537.

Reddish brown loamy soils of variable depth.

Calcareous reddish brown loamy and clayey sands of variable depth over decomposing dolerite, Gc 112, Uc 511.

Calcareous sandy and loamy solis cg.

Uc 511 Gn 313; bedloads of sand and pebbles and dolerite rock fragments.

Reddish brown seasonal cracking clay soils on decomposing dolerite at 80 cm to I m+ Ug 537, 538.

Vegetation

Mulga Acacia af/cura and other Acacia spp. shrublands with variable low shrubs, forbs and short annual grasses.

MSGF pasture land.

- - - - Low open shrubland of Cassia aff.

hamersleyensis with other low shrubs, forbs and annual grasses.

CSGF pa')ture land.

Cassia oligophylla low shrubland with scattered Acacia spp. tall shrubs, forbs and short annual grasses.

CSGF pasture land.

Dense Cassia oligopliylla shrubland with other sparse low shrubs and short annual grasses.

CSGF pasture land.

Tall shrublands of mulga Acacia aneura and other Acacia spp. with various low shrubs, forbs and short annual grasses.

MUCR pasture land.

Very sl?arse low shrubs and scattered perenmal grasses and forbs, degraded condition.

TGER pasture land.

- - - -

CHEELA LAND SYSTEM (204 sq km) Degraded alluvial plains with very sparse shrublands.

Location:

Geology:

Geomorphology:

Pastoral use:

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1 KfLOMETRE

Wyloo, Edmund, Mt. Bruce and Turee Creek 1 :250 000 map sheets.

Quaternary alluvium

Depositional surfaces - non-saline alluvial plains; - tributary plains extending up to 14 km downslope, gradients 1 in 200 to 1 in 1000, severely degraded plains with incised channels and gutters, slightly higher plains with banded vegetation patterns, restricted sandy surfaced outwash plains, restricted gilgai plains with internal drainage.

Alluvial plains with abundant ephemerals after rain and some sparse perennial tussock grass pastures; moderate carrying capacity after rain but drought resistance very low; units 3 and 4 show severe pasture degradation and moderate wind and water erosion, control of stocking is essential, some potential for establishing introduced grasses.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, 6 ha per sheep unit.

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Unit

Approx.

Area (%)

Land forms

Low hills: isolated basalt hills up to 1 km long, short concave rocky slopes, relief up to 25 m.

Sandy outwash plains: up to 3 km long and 500 m wide, subject to shallow overflow and outwash from adjacent river systems, hummocky microrelief.

Alluvial plains with channelled tracts:

surfaces extending up to 12 km downslope, gradients I in 300 to I in 1000, often gilgai microrelief; tracts with single or multiple flowlines, channels and gutters incised up to 2 m.

Alluvial plains: broad surfaces up to 1.5 km wide and 3 to 4 km long, elevated up to 1 m above unit 3, gradients usually below t in 1000 but locally up to 1 in 200.

Internal drainage plains: flat plains up to 4 km long by one and a half km wide, gilgai microrelief.

Calcrete platforms: surfaces up to 800 m in extent, gradients usually below 1 in 300.

Soils Rock outcrop.

Coarse reddish brown sands or loamy sands Uc 511.

Dark red or reddish brown seasonal cracking clay soils Ug 538.

Reddish brown sandy to clayey loams Gn 212, Urn 522.

Dark red or reddish brown seasonal cracking soils Ug 538.

Dark red loams of variable depth on calcrete Urn 522.

Vegetation

Sparse low shrubland of stunted mulga Acacia aneura and Cassia spp.

with forbs and sparse grasses.

SSGF pasture land.

Low shrubland with Eremophila feucophylla, Rhagodia eremaea and Cassia spp. and perennial and annual grasses and numerous forbs.

TGCE pasture land.

Degraded sparse low shrubland mainly Cassia olif!.ofJhyllu with sparse perennial grasses Eragros(is se{ifolia.

E. xerophila.

TGER pasture land.

Degraded shrublands of variable density; bands of dense shrublands of Acacia victoriae and other Acacia spp.

with numerous low shrubs, forbs and grasses, interspersed with larger areas of almost bare surfaces supporting numerous forbs and annual grasses only after rain.

CHAT pasture land.

Mostly open tussock grasslands Eragrostis setifolia, E. xerophila with scattered low shrubs, some areas of tall shrublands of Acacia victoriae with grassy understorey.

TGER pasture land.

Low woodlands of Eucalyptus dichromophloia with numerous tall and low shrubs and grassy ground storey.

CSGF pasture land.

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1 KILOMETRE

CHEETARA LAND SYSTEM (407 sq km)

Alluvial clay plains with gilgais, mixed open tussock grasslands and tall shrublands.

Location:

Geology:

Geomorphology:

Pastoral use:

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Yanrey 1:250000 map sheets.

Quaternary alluvium

Depositional surfaces - non-saline alluvial plains; - broad clay plains up to 12 km in extent with and without gilgais, maximum relief 3 m, gradients usually below I in 1000, no channelled drainage but plains subject to sheet flow and inundation for short periods.

Valuable tussock grass and shrub pastures with numerous forbs after rain, moderately high carrying capacity and fair drought durability; unit I has high inherent resistance to erosion, unit 2 moderate inherent resistance although some minor erosion is present, restricted areas of severe pasture degradation.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, 6 ha per sheep unit.

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_Approx.

Unit Area (%)

2 40

Land forms

Alluvial plains with gilgais: broad surfaces up to 4 or 5 km in extent, gradients mostly less than 1 in 1000 hummocky microrelief with gilgais.

Alluvial plains without gilgais: broad tracts up to 4 or 5 km in extent, gradients mostly less than 1 in 1000, flat or concave microrelief, occasional locally developed gilgais.

Soils

Dark red or dark reddish brown clay soils with gilgais, exclusively Ug 538.

Dark red or reddish brown clay soils.

Uf621, 653, 671, some Ug 538.

Vegetation

Open tussock grasslands of Eragrostis xerophila, E. sefijolia, Eriachne benlhamii and Chrysopogon fallax with sparse shrubs; degraded in parts to forby herb fields. Some patches of tall shrub lands Acacia victoriae with low shrubs and sparse perennial grasses.

TGER pasture land.

Tall shrublands or open shrublands of Acacia victofiae and A.

tetragonophylla with low shrubs, sparse perennial grasses and forbs.

TGER pasture land.

----~--~-~ .. ^~---

COLLIER LAND SYSTEM (3 087 sq km)

Undulating stony uplands, low hills and ridges and stony lower plains with mulga shrublands.

Location:

Geology:

Geomorphology:

Pastoral use:

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1 KILOMETRE

Collier, Mt. Egerton, Newman, Turee Creek, Edmund, Wyloo and Yanrey 1:250000 map sheets.

Dolomite, shale, siltstone, sandstone and chert of Middle Proterozoic age and Quaternary colluvium.

Erosional surfaces - stony uplands and hills; - extensive areas of high undulating stony surfaces and low hills, relief up to 50 m, ridges up to 6 km long and 25 m high; stony lower slopes and lower plains mostly non-saline but occasionally saline, dense colluvial mantles; restricted saline and non-saline drainage floors; rectangular, angular and dendritic drainage patterns of sparse to moderate density.

Mulga with stony short grass forb pastures and small inclusions of stony chenopod and chenopod pastures; short grass forb pastures should be heavily stocked in good seasons, generally carrying capacity and drought durability is low; chenopod pastures on unit 4 are preferentially grazed and frequently degraded, grazing on these pastures should be controlled if possible; units are inherently resistant to erosion although some erosion occurs on parts of unit 4.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, 22 ha per sheep unit.

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Unit

Approx.

Area ('I,) 30

Land forms

Low hills and ridges: extensive areas of low rocky hills, short convex and concave upper slopes up to 45 per cent, lower concave slopes 2 to 5 per cent, outcrop and dense stony mantles, relief up to 50 m; isolated ridges up to 6 km long and 1 km wide, stony slopes, relief up to 25 m.

Undulating stony uplands: elevated almost flat or gently rounded stony surfaces above units 3, 4 and 5 and sometimes above unit I, variable slopes up to 2 per cent, dense surface mantles.

Stony plains: plains and interfluves up to 1.5 km wide and extending up to 3 km downslope, general slopes up to t per cent but 5 to 10 per cent at margins where dissected up to 5 km by creekline, dense stony mantles.

Drainage floors and lower plains:

saline and non~saline plains up to 1.5 km in extent, gradients 1 in 100 to 1 in 500, variable surface mantles.

Channels and banks: IOta 20 m wide in upper parts with shallow incision into bedrock, major creek lines up to 100 m wide.

Soils

Outcrop and shallow loamy soils on variable parent rock. Urn 511, 521.

Shallow red or reddish brown loamy soils of variable depth on parent rock or hardpan, Urn 143, 521, 531, 552, dense surface strew pebbles and cobbles.

Variable red loamy and clayey soils Oc 121, Uf 621, dense surface strew of pebbles and cobbles.

Variable red loam and clay soils On 113, Ug 538, Uf 612, surface strew varies from sparse to dense.

Bedloads vary from cobbles and stones to sand, banks alluvial sandy loam and sandy clay soils of variable depth.

Vegetation

Shrublands of mulga Acacia aneura and other Acacia spp. with scattered low shrubs, forbs and annual grasses;

some hard spinifex Triodia wiseana grasslands.

MSGF pasture land.

Sparse shrublands of mulga Acacia aneura and other Acacia spp. with scattered low shrubs, forbs and annual grasses.

SSOF pasture land.

Shrublands and open shrublands of mulga Acacia aneura and other Acacia spp. with low shrubs and forbs; some low open shrublands of samphire Halosarcia spp.

MSOF pasture land.

Tall open shrublands of mulga Acacia aneura or snakewood Acacia xiphophylla with low shrubs, forbs and annual grasses; ground storey often halophytic including Atriplex bunburyana, Maireana pyramidata, also soft spinifex Triodia pungens.

STCH pasture land.

Low woodlands of dense mulga Acacia aneura, A. kempeana and other Acacia spp. numerous low shrubs and sparse perennial grasses.

MUCR pasture land.

1 KILOMETRE

DIVIDE LAND SYSTEM (1 506 sq km)

Sandplain and minor dunes with hard spinifex grasslands; in the south-east of the area.

Location:

Geology:

Geomorphology:

Pastoral use:

Collier 1 :250 000 map sheets.

Quaternary aeolian sand.

Depositional surfaces - sandplain and dunes; - broad sandplain with occasional linear and reticulate dunes trending north-east, very little organised drainage but tracts receiving run-on from adjacent more elevated systems, these tracts mostly unchannelled but locally with sandy channels, relief up to 15 m.

Hard spinifex pastures of low or veryJow productivity, run on areas with slightly better quality grassy pastures; spinifex requires periodic burning to promote edibile annuals and perennials, some susceptibility to wind erosion following burning but stabilization occurs rapidly after rain.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, 41 ha per sheep unit.

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Unit

Approx.

Area (%)

Land forms

Sandplain: almost flat plains up to 10 km or more in extent, hummocky microrelief and loose surfaces.

Sand dunes: linear and occasionally reticulate, up to 10 m high and 2.5 km long, slopes up to 20 per cent, hummocky crests and loose surfaces.

Tracts receiving run on: up to 4 or 5 km in extent and sloping up to 2 per cent, mostly unchanneled but sometimes with sandy channels and outwash gutters incised to 1.5 m.

Soils

Dark red or reddish brown acidic sands 1 m+ deep, Uc 511,123.

Dark reddish brown acidic sands 1m + deep, Uc 123.

Dark reddish brown sands and sandy loams I m + deep, Uc 521.

Vegetation

Hard spinifex Triodia basedowii hummock grasslands with very sparse shrubs including Acacia sc/erosperma, Hakea suberea, Grevillea excelsior and Cassia spp.

HSSP pasture land.

Hard spinifex T. basedowii grassla.nds with various Acacia spp. and Grev/llea gordoniana shrubs, also grasses such as Eragrostis eriopoda, Aristida browniana and forbs.

HSSP pasture land.

Dense tall shrublands with Acacia aneura, A. kempeana, A.

rhodophloia, low shrubs such as Eremophila leucophylla and ground layer Triodia basedowii, Eragrostis xerophila, Monachather paradoxa.

MUCR pasture land.

500m

DOLLAR LAND SYSTEM (499 sq km) Stony plains with open snakewood shrublands.

Location: Edmund, Mt. Bruce, Turee Creek and Wyloo 1:250 000 map sheets.

Geology: Quaternary colluvium and alluvium with minor areas of Lower

Proterozoic dolomite. '

Geomorphology: Depositional surfaces - stony plains; - broad, almost flat stony plains of unconsolidated colluvium, minor alluvial zones, outcrop plains and low dolomitic rises; sparse, through going sub parallel drainage with single and braided channels, relief usually less than 5 m but up to 10 m.

Pasloral nse: Sparse stony chenopod and mulga short grass forb pastures, minor inclusions of better quality chenopod and tussock grass pastures, overall productivity and carrying capacity moderate, most units inherently resistant to erosion.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, II ha per sheep unit.

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Unit

Approx.

Area (%j

Land forms

Outcrop plains and low rises: up to 1 km in extent, relief up to 10 m, variable surface strew of dolomitic rock fragments.

Stony plains: up to 6 km by 3 km in extent, gradients usually less than 1 in 200 but marginal slopes up to 1.5 per cent dense gravel and pebble mantle;

drainage foci (unit 3) sparsely scattered over this unit.

Drainage foci: discrete but variable shaped foci occurring on unit 2, commonly 50 to 200 m in extent but up to 500 m.

Gilgai plains: up to 1 km· in extent, near flat to 1 in 200 gradient, linear and normal gilgai microrelief, stony mantle.

Drainage floors: up to 400 m wide.

gradients 1 in 100 to 1 in 500, central tracts with braided channels.

Braided channels: multiple channels 5 to 10 m wide over tracts up to 300 m wide, also individual major channels up to 50 m wide.

Swamps and depressions: up to 2 km in extent, moundy or gilgai microrelief.

Soils Shallow dark red

calcareous inclusions. loams with

Dark reddish brown or red silty loams and clay loams with stony pavement, 1 m + deep Urn 521, 552, 633, Gn 213, 312.

Dark reddish brown or red silty loams and clays variable surface strew, 1m + deep Urn 521, 522, Uf 621.

Surface cracking reddish brown clay soils, variable strew, 1m + deep Ug 538.

Dark reddish brown sandy or silty loams, also clays, usually strewless surfaces, 1m + deep Urn 123, 542, 552, Ug 538.

Stony reddish brown sandy loams, variable depth Uc 511, Urn 551.

Mostly surface cracking brown loamy clay and clay m + deep Ug 538.

reddish soils, I

Vegetation

Low shrublands of Acacia tetragonophylfa, A. victoriae and Cassia spp., forbs and sparse annual grasses.

MSGF pasture land.

Tall open shrub land of Acacia xlphophyfla wIth sparse low shrubs such as Cassia spp, Eremophifa spp and Enchylaena tomen/osa, forbs and annual grasses.

STCH pasture land.

Dense tall Acacia xiphophylla and other Acacia spp shrublands with numerous low shrubs, forbs and annual grasses.

STCH pasture land.

Open shrubland mostly Acacia victoriae with sparse low shrubs and tussock grasses.

TGER pasture land.

Tall shrublands Acacia citrinoviridis, A. spp. with low shrubs, minor tussock grasslands Cenchrus ciliaris and hummock grasslands Triodia pungens,

MUCR pasture land.

Dense tall shrubland Acacia wanyu and numerous other Acacia spp.

sparse low shrubs and grasses.

MUCR pasture land.

Eucalyptus coolabah woodlands and tall Acacia spp. shrublands with perennial grass understorey.

TGCH pasture land.

DONOVAN LAND SYSTEM (293 sq km)

Gently sloping outwash plains and minor stony plains with alkaline loamy and clayey soils, tall snakewood and other ^Acaciaspp. shrublands with chenopod and soft spinifex pastures.

Location:

Geology:

Geomorphology:

Pastoral use:

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1 KILOMETRE

Yanrey 1:250000 map sheets.

Quaternary alluvium and colluvium, minor areas of limestone of Tertiary age.

Depositional surfaces - outwash plains; - broad gently sloping outwash plains and fans, channelled and unchannelled drainage tracts receiving more concentrated sheet flow; minor stony outcrop plains with sparse parallel drainage patterns, relief up to 12 m.

Useful chenopod and soft spinifex pastures of moderate to high productivity and good drought durability, the two pasture types require different management techniques and where possible should be paddocked separately, all units inherently resistant to erosion but units 4 and 6 supporting chenopod pastures are sensitive to overuse.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, 8 ha per sheep unit.

ALLUVIUM

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Unit

Approx.

Area ('10)

Land forms

Stony upper plains: Up to 3 km in extent, gradients about 1 in 200 with steeper marginal slopes adjacent to occasional dissection zones to 5 m, variable stony mantle.

Gently undulating plains: 3 or 4 km in extent, gradients 1 in 200 or less, relief up to 8 m.

Lower outwash plains and fans:

slightly below units 1 and 2, alluvial surfaces receiving sheet flow, up to 3.5 km wide by B km long, interspersed with shallow drainage tracts receiving more concentrated flow, gradients '1 in 100 or less, relief up to 5 m.

Drainage tracts: up to 3 km long by 1 km wide, gradients 1 in 100 to 1 in 500, unchannelled or with channels up to 10 m wide and incised up to I m.

Calcrete rises: undulating surfaces up to 2 km in extent, slopes 1 to 5 per cent or more, variable gravel mantle, relief up to 10 m.

Soils

Reddish brown alkaline loarns and clay loams often with dense surface strew of limestone rock fragments, variable depth to limestone parent material. Gc 222, Vm 512.

Reddish brown alkaline silty loams, calcrete inclusions throughout I m + deep, Urn 512.

Reddish brown alkaline silty loarns and silty clays, calcrete inclusions throughout 1 m + deep, Gc 112, Vf 621.

Reddish brown alkaline silty loams and silty clays I m+ deep. Urn 512, Uf 621, Gc 222.

Variable depth red sandy loam to sandy day loam with calcrete gravel in profile. Gc 112.

Vegetation

Tall snakewood Acacia xiphophylla shrubland with numerous low shrubs and soft spinifex Triodia pungens ground storey.

SOSP pasture land.

Tall shrubland of Acacia sclerosperma and other Acacia spp. with sparse low shrubs and soft spinifex understorey.

SOSP pasture land.

Tall snakewood shrubland with chenopod low shrubs Maireana po/ypterygia, Atrip/ex bunburyana forbs and annual grasses.

CHMA pasture land.

Dense tall shrubland Acacia sc/erosperma, A. tetragonophylfa, and other Acacia spp., numerous low shrubs including Rhagodia eremaea, Enchyfaena !omentosa, Cassia spp.

and sparse tussock grasses.

CHMA pasture land.

Hummock grassland of hard spinifex Triodia spp. and some soft spinifex Triodia pungens, sparse low shrubs Acacia bivenosa, Melaleuca cardiophylla,

HSHI pasture land.

DUNE LAND SYSTEM (372 sq km)

Dune fields with soft spinifex and minor hard spinifex grasslands in coastal areas only.

Location:

Geology:

Geomorphology:

Pastoral use:

HI

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500 m

Yanrey 1:250000 map sheets.

Quaternary aeolian sands.

Depositional surfaces - dune fields; - sand dunes and swales with no organised drainage, dunes trending approximately north-south and frequently becoming reticulate, narrow swales with minor area of claypans, swamps and depressions, relief up to 15 m.

A small system supporting useful soft spinifex pastures, good drought durability, management involves burning on a regular four or five year basis, not fully utilised due to difficulty of obtaining suitable stock waters.

Estimated carrying capacity, good condition, 8 ha per sheep unit.

_.:::-_'::o--:::-.-~---

ALLUviUM ~

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Unit

Approx.

Area (%)

Land forms

Linear and reticulate dunes: up to 15 m high and 2.5 km long by 100 to 200 m apart becoming reticulate, hummocky crests, flanks extending 100m or so with steeper western sides to 20 per cent.

Swales: sandy surfaces 50 to 300 m wide between dunes.

Swamps and depressions: low lying areas between dunes, circular or oval up to 500 m in diameter or extent.

Claypans: bare, circular, oval or elongated surfaces mostly less than 150 m in diameter or length but up to 500 m, up to 1.5 m below adjacent sandplains or swale with abrupt marginal slopes.

Soils

Dark red sands and loamy sands, 1 m + deep, Uc 123.

As for unit 1.

Surface cracking reddish brown clay soils, 1 m + deep Ug 538.

Dark red clay soils after with lime or gypsum in profile, sealed, glazed surfaces or crusted surfaces with dessication cracks. Uf 612, 621.

Vegetation

Hummock grasslands of feathertop spinifex Plectrachne schinzii with numerous low shrubs, herbs and forbs.

SOSP pasture land.

Hummock grasslands mostly soft spinifex Triodia pungens but some hard spinifex Triodia fanigera, sparse low shrubs such as Acacia translucens and herbs and forbs.

SOSP pasture land.

Low open woodland of Eucalyptus coolabah with Muehfenbeckia cunninghamii and perennial grasses such as Sporobolus mitchellii and Eriachne benthamii.

TOM! pasture land.

No vegetation.

Dalam dokumen An inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Ashburton An inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Ashburton River catchment, Western Australia (Halaman 90-114)

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