PATHOLOGY
E. HISTORICAL SURVEY
(41) Historical Survey of Research Work of the Department Worker: Jean Gittins
A survey of rhe research work, as indicated by published papers, essays and prizes over the last 8o years (i879-1959), which is the period of effective activity, has been made. This shows not only the interest, energy and diligence of the first members of the Department but also thc degree of development of research activities in recent years. I t is a most valuable collection of material, much of which is not readily available prior to thc production of yearly Research Reports. This work is in thc course of publication.
PUBLISHED WORK
1. BAXTER, THELMA J.— Early Nephron Changes: A Microdissec- tion Study. Aust. Ann. Med. 8: 35-44 (1959)
2. BIALESTOCK, DORA — Microdissection Study of Nephrons and Cysts from an Infant with Pyelonephritis. Aust. Ann. Med.
7: 93-101 (1958)
3. CHRISTIE, G. S.— Liver Damage in Acute Hcliotrine Poisoning.
I . Structural Changes. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 36/ 405-12 ('958)
4. Liver Damage in Acute Heliotrine Poisoning. I I . Bio- chemical Changes. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 36: 413-23 ('958)
5. CHRISTIE, G. S. and MCCALLUM, N . E. W.— Thc Carcinogenicity
P A T H O L O G Y 195 of Brown Coal Tar. Aust. J. Pharm. 39: 116-18 (1958)
6. CHRISTIE, G. S., GERSHON, S., GRAY, R., SHAW, F. H.. MCCANCE, \.
and BRUCE, D . W . — Treatment of Certain Side-Effects of M o r - phine. Brit. M e d . J. i : 675-80 (1958)
7. CUTIIBERTSON, A . M . and T A N G E , J. D . — Sporadic Amoebiasis in Victoria. Aust. N . Z . ] . Surg. 28: 171-9 (1959)
8. H O F F M A N , H . and B I R R E L L , J. H . W . — T h e Carotid Body i n N o r m a l and A n o x i c States: A n Electron Microscopic Study.
Acta Anatomica, Basel 32: 297-311 (1958)
9. H U C H E S , P. E.— Fluorescein-Globulin Affinities f o r Red Cells in Haemolytic Anaemia. Aust. A n n . M e d . 7: 228-34 (1958) 10. T h e Significance of Staining Reactions of Preneoplastic
Rat Liver w i t h Fluorescein-Globulin Complexes. Cancer Res.
, 8 : 426-32 (1958)
11. H U R L E Y , J. V . — Marfan's Syndrome: T h e Nature of thc A o r t i c Defect. Aust. A n n . M e d . 8: 45-54 (1959)
12. H U R L E Y-, J. V . , STOREY, E. and H A M , K A T H R Y N N . — T h c Effects of Aminoacetonitrile and Cortisone on the Healing of Turpentine-Induced Abscesses in the Rat. Brit. J. Exp. Path.
39: 119-27 (1958)
13. K I N G , E. S. f.— The Topography of Ignorance. M e d . J. Aust. i i : 853-7 ('95«)
14. Pilonidal Sinus of the Axilla. Aust. N.Z. J. Surg. 28:
196-201 (.959)
15. K I N G , L . S. J., H U G H E S , P. E. and Louis, C. J.— T h e Species Non-Specificity of Globulins in the Globulin-Fluoresccin Stain- ing of Tissues. Brit. J. Cancer 12: 5-13 (1958)
16. Louis, C. T.— T h c Nature of Leukaemia. I I . A Histochemical Study of thc Leukaemic Cell in the Experimental A n i m a l . Aust. A n n . M e d . 7: 219-27 (1958)
17. Tumours of the Breast. A Study E m p l o y i n g a Histo- chemical Technique. Brit. J. Surg. 46; 147-55 ('958)
18. Investigation of Tumours of thc Skin (Epidermis) Using a Flistochcmical Technique. Surg. Gynacc. Obstct. 107:
317-26(1958)
19. T h e Significance of the Cell Type i n thc Fluorescein- Globulin Staining of Tissues. Brit. J. Cancer 12: 537-46 (1958) 20. MCLEAN, K. IT.— Bronchiolitis and Chronic Lung Disease. Brit.
] . Tuberc. 52: 105-14 (1958)
21. Thc Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Emphysema. Amer.
/ . M e d . 25: 62-74 (1958)
22. STANTON, M . C. and T A N G E , J. D . — Goodpasture's Syndrome (Pulmonary Haemorrhage Associated with Glomerulone- phritis). Aust. A n n . M e d . 7: 132-44 (1958)
196 F A C U L T Y OF M E D I C I N E
23. STOREY, E.— The Effect of Intermittent Cortisone Administra- tion in the Rabbit. Induction of Cycles of Resorption and Deposition of Bone. / . Bone Jt Surg. 40B: 103-15 (1958) 24. The Influence of Cortisone and A.C.T.H. on Bone
Subjected to Mechanical Stress (Tooth Movement). / . Bone Jt Surg. 40B: 558-73 (1958)
25. STOREY, E. and VARASDI, G.— Fracture Repair in the Rat During Aminoacetonitrile Administration and Following its With- drawal. Brit. J. Exp. Path. 39: 376-85 (1958)
26. TANGE, J. D.— Carcinoma of the Parathyroid. Brit. J. Surg. 46:
254-9 ('958)
27. Renal Lesions in Scleroderma: Clinical and Patho- logical Features. Aust. Ann. Med. 8: 27-34 (!959)
28. WEINER, S.—A New Method of Glass Knife Preparation for Thin-Section Microtomy. / . Biophys. Biochem. Cytology 5:
•75-7 ('959)
THESIS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREE DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
1. HUGHES, P. E. Studies on the Mechanism of Aminoazo Dye Carcinogenesis
The binding capacity of carcinogenic aminoazo dyes to protein of thc liver of rats is lost by the developed neoplastic tissue. It has been suggested that the binding of carcinogen interferes with some autosynthctic process involving a growth-regulating mechanism and that ultimately cells lacking this mechanism arise.
The deletion hypothesis of carcinogenesis was supported by a presumed loss of 'organ specific antigen' in neoplastic tissue. However, it has not been possible to demonstrate that loss of organ specificity is in any way connected with the onset of neoplastic change. The failure of fluorescein-globulin conjugates to stain hepa- tomatous tissue while staining normal rat liver is a property shared by most neoplastic tissues and appears to be related to differences in thc charge of proteins of normal and tumour tissues.
The peptides resulting from tryptic digestion of livers of rats given aminoazo dyes have been fractionated and an azo-peptidc obtained which is ninhydrin negative prior to hydrolysis, but gives 10 or 11 ninhydrin positive spots after hydrolysis.
Since the bond between carcinogen and protein is stable in hot ethanolic KOH the polar derivative of the carcinogen recovered after hydrolysis of azo-protein should have an amino acid residue attached. Rats were given carcinogen plus in- dividual Cu or S3 5 labelled amino acids and after hydrolysis the bound carcinogen was recovered and examined for radioactivity. The carcinogen obtained from rats given labelled tryptophan into a lesser extent valine was found to be radioactive.
Thus it appears that specific protein sites are involved in carcinogen binding.
It has been suggested that carcinogen-protein complexes arc recognized by the reticuloendothelial system of the host as 'non-self and hence arc antigenic. This hypothetical antibody response is postulated as favouring thc selection mutant race of cells devoid of trie moiety which binds carcinogen. According to such a view carcinogenesis is impossible in the absence of an adequate immune response.
Attempts were made to induce immunological tolerance to carcinogen-protein com- plexes in foetal and neonatal rats and then to study thc course of carcinogenesis in these animals later in life. It was found that instead of retarding carcinogenesis an acceleration is found in a proportion of these rats.